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Papers by Oleg Nivievskyi

European Journal of Public Health

Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages can promote health and raise revenue. Whether these taxes nega... more Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages can promote health and raise revenue. Whether these taxes negatively impact domestic sugar producers, an argument often made by opponents, is understudied. We extended a simulation model based on a uniform specific volume-based tax of UAH 4/L in Ukraine. We estimated best- and worst-case scenarios for reductions in domestic sugar demand to be 162 and 23 000 metric tons. This is at worst ∼0.5% of current exports, meaning decreases in domestic demand could easily be absorbed by export markets given export trends. Due to highly protectionist sugar sector policy, sugar producers would not be able to fully substitute domestic sales revenues through increased export revenues, but the worst-case revenue gap was <0.5% of total sectoral output in recent years. Overall, introducing a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Ukraine is likely to have a very limited impact on domestic sugar producers.

Sustainability, 2022

Crop rotation is an important determining factor of crop productivity. Sustainable agriculture re... more Crop rotation is an important determining factor of crop productivity. Sustainable agriculture requires correct rules of crop rotation. Failure to comply with these rules can lead to deterioration of soil biochemical characteristics and land degradation. In Ukraine as well as in many other countries, sunflower monocropping is common practice and the impact of this fact should be studied to find the most precise rules to save the economic potential of land and minimize land degradation factors. This research provides an evaluation of the sunflower monocropping effect on the vegetation indices obtained from MODIS vegetation indices datasets for Ukraine as one of the countries with the biggest sunflower export in Europe. The crop rotation schemes are represented by their area proportions at the village level calculated based on the crop classification maps for 2016 to 2020. This representation gives the possibility to use regression models and f-test feature importance analysis to meas...

Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still fac... more Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still faces many challenges in terms of its structure. In particular, both the recently approved WTO accession, and the ongoing negotiations on a free trade agreement with the EU will require improvements in productivity and competitiveness at the farm level. The evidence in the literature based on either data envelopment (DEA) or stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) in Ukraine points to significant heterogeneity of technical efficiency and TFP scores. However, the drivers underlying these patterns have not been explicitly studied yet. Using farm-level data for 2004-2005, this paper investigates the determinants of productivity growth in Ukrainian dairy farming. The results demonstrate significant spatial dependency in pure efficiency and technological components, meaning essentially 'imitating' behavior of the neighboring farms in their efficiency and technological progress. Price supports...

In this paper we looked at how various tax incentives affected agricultural productivity growth i... more In this paper we looked at how various tax incentives affected agricultural productivity growth in Ukraine. The empirical analysis was carried out using Ukraine-wide farm-level accounting data for an unbalanced panel of agricultural enterprises over the period 1995-2014. The results demonstrate that the impact of tax exemptions varies across different groups of agricultural producers and sectors. Overall, however, tax exemptions positively affect agricultural TFP growth, but they turned out to be very cost-inefficient instrument of stimulating TFP growth in agriculture. Also tax exemptions strongly undermined efficiency and productivity convergence in agriculture. Acknowledgement :

Like the East Germany's Trabant, the Ukrainian-made Zaporozhets was meant to be the people’s ... more Like the East Germany's Trabant, the Ukrainian-made Zaporozhets was meant to be the people’s car, and as such it was the most affordable vehicle of the Soviet Union.In Western Ukraine, manufacturers from Japan and Germany stepped up production of auto parts and components, turning the region into an integral part of Europe’s vehicle industry. These companies have formed a wave of new investment in Western Ukraine that primarily involves producing automotive parts for global manufacturers. Today, nearly every car made in Germany is made with parts from Ukraine.Today, Ukraine is at a crossroads: despite impressive success in some sectors, the foundations of the emerging new economy are still fragile, and the old economy is still having a strong negative effect on growth.Many young Ukrainians have opted to emigrate, attracted by higher expected earnings in neighboring countries and elsewhere.Ukraine’s economic transformation has been held back by the legacy of underpriced energy th...

This volume of proceedings, available both as hard copy and pdf , is a compilation of selected co... more This volume of proceedings, available both as hard copy and pdf , is a compilation of selected contributions to the IAMO Forum 2005, which will be held in Halle (Saale), Germany, at the Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe from June 16-18, 2005. CONTENTS: Agricultural and food markets in Central and Eastern Europe: An introduction; Stephan Brosig, Heinrich Hockmann. Agricultural markets in CEE - An overview; Jozsef Popp. Regoverning agrifood markets in CEEC - Poland's pork and apple markets; Jerzy Wilkin, Malgorzta Juchniewicz, Dominika Milczarek. Regoverning markets in the Hungarian dairy sector; Imre Ferto, Csaba Forgacs, Aniko Juhasz, Gyongyi Kurthy. Analysis of competitiveness, economic efficiency and distortions in the Estonian milk sector; Piret Hein. Building sustainable supply chains: The role of institutions; Jill E. Hobbs. How effective is the invisible hand on technological and institutional change and the reduction of transaction costs ...

Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been unde... more Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been under considerable adjustment pressure due to changing political, economic and institutional environments. These changes have been linked to the transition process, as well as the ongoing integration into the European Union and the world market. Reduced subsidies, increased environmental and food quality demands, as well as structural changes in the supply, processing and food retailing sector call for major structural adjustments and the improvement of farmers' managerial abilities. Though such changes always carry significant threats to farms, they also offer new opportunities for the farms' entrepreneurial engagement. Upcoming changes in the agricultural environment and their possible consequences for farm structures across Europe are thus still timely subjects. The objective of the IAMO Forum 2006 is to contribute to the success of agriculture in the CEECs, as well as their neigh...

Policy Research Working Papers, 2020

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encoura... more The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

tions of the SCB measure using a distance function approach that demonstrate the relationship bet... more tions of the SCB measure using a distance function approach that demonstrate the relationship between competitiveness, eciency and productivity. This PhD thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 provides an extensive discussion and a summary of results of the papers contained in the thesis. The research papers themselves are presented in Chapters 3-8. 3 For simplicity we keep the title of the Policy Note for the paper. ing Paper No. 44. Washington D.C.

Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2016

Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still fac... more Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still faces many challenges in terms of its structure. The evidence in the literature points to significant heterogeneity of technical efficiency and productivity scores in Ukraine. Moreover, both the recently approved WTO accession, and the ongoing negotiations on a free trade agreement with the EU will require further improvements in productivity and competitiveness at the farm level. Using farm-level data for 2004-2005, we study the presence and possible causes of agglomeration economies in Ukrainian dairy sector. One of the most important results is that there are agglomeration effects in the sector. The performance of dairy farms is influenced by the performance of its neighbors. Furthermore, the dairy farms in the neighborhood of a dairy processor outperform the more distant ones, although the heterogeneity of this effect is substantial.

Courant Research Centre Poverty Equity and Growth Discussion Papers, 2010

Agricultural commercialization has become the centerpiece of the sector development strategy in U... more Agricultural commercialization has become the centerpiece of the sector development strategy in Uganda in recent years. Nevertheless the low market participation of most smallholders in the country remains a fact. We employ semi-parametric regression techniques to analyze the current state of market participation and production diversification and to identify the determinants of commercialization in Uganda. We find that the key constraint to agricultural commercialization in Uganda is inadequate access of farmers to infrastructure and assets, both physical and human. Those with access to assets and closer to markets engage actively in the markets, while those lacking one or more of these essential ingredients largely do not. These findings are in line with the recent literature on smallholder market participation in Africa. We also find that commercialization proceeds in stages. When farmers have appropriate incentives and access to markets, they do not immediately separate production and consumption decisions. Instead they first diversify their production portfolios before subsequently increasing commercial specialization. The result is a U-shaped relationship between commercialization and diversification.

European Journal of Public Health

Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages can promote health and raise revenue. Whether these taxes nega... more Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages can promote health and raise revenue. Whether these taxes negatively impact domestic sugar producers, an argument often made by opponents, is understudied. We extended a simulation model based on a uniform specific volume-based tax of UAH 4/L in Ukraine. We estimated best- and worst-case scenarios for reductions in domestic sugar demand to be 162 and 23 000 metric tons. This is at worst ∼0.5% of current exports, meaning decreases in domestic demand could easily be absorbed by export markets given export trends. Due to highly protectionist sugar sector policy, sugar producers would not be able to fully substitute domestic sales revenues through increased export revenues, but the worst-case revenue gap was <0.5% of total sectoral output in recent years. Overall, introducing a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Ukraine is likely to have a very limited impact on domestic sugar producers.

Sustainability, 2022

Crop rotation is an important determining factor of crop productivity. Sustainable agriculture re... more Crop rotation is an important determining factor of crop productivity. Sustainable agriculture requires correct rules of crop rotation. Failure to comply with these rules can lead to deterioration of soil biochemical characteristics and land degradation. In Ukraine as well as in many other countries, sunflower monocropping is common practice and the impact of this fact should be studied to find the most precise rules to save the economic potential of land and minimize land degradation factors. This research provides an evaluation of the sunflower monocropping effect on the vegetation indices obtained from MODIS vegetation indices datasets for Ukraine as one of the countries with the biggest sunflower export in Europe. The crop rotation schemes are represented by their area proportions at the village level calculated based on the crop classification maps for 2016 to 2020. This representation gives the possibility to use regression models and f-test feature importance analysis to meas...

Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still fac... more Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still faces many challenges in terms of its structure. In particular, both the recently approved WTO accession, and the ongoing negotiations on a free trade agreement with the EU will require improvements in productivity and competitiveness at the farm level. The evidence in the literature based on either data envelopment (DEA) or stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) in Ukraine points to significant heterogeneity of technical efficiency and TFP scores. However, the drivers underlying these patterns have not been explicitly studied yet. Using farm-level data for 2004-2005, this paper investigates the determinants of productivity growth in Ukrainian dairy farming. The results demonstrate significant spatial dependency in pure efficiency and technological components, meaning essentially 'imitating' behavior of the neighboring farms in their efficiency and technological progress. Price supports...

In this paper we looked at how various tax incentives affected agricultural productivity growth i... more In this paper we looked at how various tax incentives affected agricultural productivity growth in Ukraine. The empirical analysis was carried out using Ukraine-wide farm-level accounting data for an unbalanced panel of agricultural enterprises over the period 1995-2014. The results demonstrate that the impact of tax exemptions varies across different groups of agricultural producers and sectors. Overall, however, tax exemptions positively affect agricultural TFP growth, but they turned out to be very cost-inefficient instrument of stimulating TFP growth in agriculture. Also tax exemptions strongly undermined efficiency and productivity convergence in agriculture. Acknowledgement :

Like the East Germany's Trabant, the Ukrainian-made Zaporozhets was meant to be the people’s ... more Like the East Germany's Trabant, the Ukrainian-made Zaporozhets was meant to be the people’s car, and as such it was the most affordable vehicle of the Soviet Union.In Western Ukraine, manufacturers from Japan and Germany stepped up production of auto parts and components, turning the region into an integral part of Europe’s vehicle industry. These companies have formed a wave of new investment in Western Ukraine that primarily involves producing automotive parts for global manufacturers. Today, nearly every car made in Germany is made with parts from Ukraine.Today, Ukraine is at a crossroads: despite impressive success in some sectors, the foundations of the emerging new economy are still fragile, and the old economy is still having a strong negative effect on growth.Many young Ukrainians have opted to emigrate, attracted by higher expected earnings in neighboring countries and elsewhere.Ukraine’s economic transformation has been held back by the legacy of underpriced energy th...

This volume of proceedings, available both as hard copy and pdf , is a compilation of selected co... more This volume of proceedings, available both as hard copy and pdf , is a compilation of selected contributions to the IAMO Forum 2005, which will be held in Halle (Saale), Germany, at the Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe from June 16-18, 2005. CONTENTS: Agricultural and food markets in Central and Eastern Europe: An introduction; Stephan Brosig, Heinrich Hockmann. Agricultural markets in CEE - An overview; Jozsef Popp. Regoverning agrifood markets in CEEC - Poland's pork and apple markets; Jerzy Wilkin, Malgorzta Juchniewicz, Dominika Milczarek. Regoverning markets in the Hungarian dairy sector; Imre Ferto, Csaba Forgacs, Aniko Juhasz, Gyongyi Kurthy. Analysis of competitiveness, economic efficiency and distortions in the Estonian milk sector; Piret Hein. Building sustainable supply chains: The role of institutions; Jill E. Hobbs. How effective is the invisible hand on technological and institutional change and the reduction of transaction costs ...

Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been unde... more Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been under considerable adjustment pressure due to changing political, economic and institutional environments. These changes have been linked to the transition process, as well as the ongoing integration into the European Union and the world market. Reduced subsidies, increased environmental and food quality demands, as well as structural changes in the supply, processing and food retailing sector call for major structural adjustments and the improvement of farmers' managerial abilities. Though such changes always carry significant threats to farms, they also offer new opportunities for the farms' entrepreneurial engagement. Upcoming changes in the agricultural environment and their possible consequences for farm structures across Europe are thus still timely subjects. The objective of the IAMO Forum 2006 is to contribute to the success of agriculture in the CEECs, as well as their neigh...

Policy Research Working Papers, 2020

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encoura... more The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

tions of the SCB measure using a distance function approach that demonstrate the relationship bet... more tions of the SCB measure using a distance function approach that demonstrate the relationship between competitiveness, eciency and productivity. This PhD thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 provides an extensive discussion and a summary of results of the papers contained in the thesis. The research papers themselves are presented in Chapters 3-8. 3 For simplicity we keep the title of the Policy Note for the paper. ing Paper No. 44. Washington D.C.

Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2016

Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still fac... more Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still faces many challenges in terms of its structure. The evidence in the literature points to significant heterogeneity of technical efficiency and productivity scores in Ukraine. Moreover, both the recently approved WTO accession, and the ongoing negotiations on a free trade agreement with the EU will require further improvements in productivity and competitiveness at the farm level. Using farm-level data for 2004-2005, we study the presence and possible causes of agglomeration economies in Ukrainian dairy sector. One of the most important results is that there are agglomeration effects in the sector. The performance of dairy farms is influenced by the performance of its neighbors. Furthermore, the dairy farms in the neighborhood of a dairy processor outperform the more distant ones, although the heterogeneity of this effect is substantial.

Courant Research Centre Poverty Equity and Growth Discussion Papers, 2010

Agricultural commercialization has become the centerpiece of the sector development strategy in U... more Agricultural commercialization has become the centerpiece of the sector development strategy in Uganda in recent years. Nevertheless the low market participation of most smallholders in the country remains a fact. We employ semi-parametric regression techniques to analyze the current state of market participation and production diversification and to identify the determinants of commercialization in Uganda. We find that the key constraint to agricultural commercialization in Uganda is inadequate access of farmers to infrastructure and assets, both physical and human. Those with access to assets and closer to markets engage actively in the markets, while those lacking one or more of these essential ingredients largely do not. These findings are in line with the recent literature on smallholder market participation in Africa. We also find that commercialization proceeds in stages. When farmers have appropriate incentives and access to markets, they do not immediately separate production and consumption decisions. Instead they first diversify their production portfolios before subsequently increasing commercial specialization. The result is a U-shaped relationship between commercialization and diversification.