Francis Tsiboe | Kansas State University (original) (raw)
Papers by Francis Tsiboe
PloS one, 2016
Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the di... more Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the disease is responsible for approximately 30% of rice production losses globally-the equivalent of feeding 60 million people. These losses increase the global rice price and reduce consumer welfare and food security. Rice is the staple crop for more than half the world's population so any reduction in rice blast would have substantial beneficial effects on consumer livelihoods. In 2012, researchers in the US began analyzing the feasibility of creating blast-resistant rice through cisgenic breeding. Correspondingly, our study evaluates the changes in producer, consumer, and environmental welfare, if all the rice produced in the Mid-South of the US were blast resistant through a process like cisgenics, using both international trade and environmental assessment modeling. Our results show that US rice producers would gain 69.34 million dollars annually and increase the rice supply to feed ...
The producer, consumer, and environmental impacts of a counterfactual of ShB-resistant rice produ... more The producer, consumer, and environmental impacts of a counterfactual of ShB-resistant rice production were calculated using data from U.S. county-level rice production in the Mid-South and simulated Sheath Blight (ShB) infection and yield-loss rates. Results indicate a $43 million increase in consumer surplus via ShB alleviation, with enough additional rice produced to feed 1.7 million people. A life cycle assessment (LCA) also shows that the counterfactual has lower environmental impacts than the status quo of ShB-prone rice production. These estimates provide important economic and environmental information to donors, policy makers, and breeding programs globally on the importance of increasing and maintaining genetic disease resistance.
In Ghana the cultivation of cisgenic rice could potentially decrease the current growing gap betw... more In Ghana the cultivation of cisgenic rice could potentially decrease the current growing gap between domestic supply and demand. Using a consumer survey, the study tested if Ghanaians view cisgenic and transgenic rice differently and estimated consumers' willingness-to-pay for rice labeled as genetically modified (GM), cisgenic or environmentally beneficial. Employing an interval regression on the survey data showed that consumers were willing to pay a premium for environmentally beneficial rice and a discount for GM and cisgenic rice. In addition, a Likert scale and simple t test was used to show that respondents had a less negative attitude towards cisgenic rice relative to transgenic rice; and perceived cisgenic rice to be different from GM rice, but not different from transgenic rice. Based on the findings of this study and the high
PloS one, 2016
Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the di... more Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the disease is responsible for approximately 30% of rice production losses globally-the equivalent of feeding 60 million people. These losses increase the global rice price and reduce consumer welfare and food security. Rice is the staple crop for more than half the world's population so any reduction in rice blast would have substantial beneficial effects on consumer livelihoods. In 2012, researchers in the US began analyzing the feasibility of creating blast-resistant rice through cisgenic breeding. Correspondingly, our study evaluates the changes in producer, consumer, and environmental welfare, if all the rice produced in the Mid-South of the US were blast resistant through a process like cisgenics, using both international trade and environmental assessment modeling. Our results show that US rice producers would gain 69.34 million dollars annually and increase the rice supply to feed ...
Journal of Rural Studies, 2016
Agricultural Economics, 2016
Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer pest resistance, herbicide tolerance ... more Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and health benefits, yet regulatory, policy and market barriers prevent commercialization of GM rice. This study assesses factors based on consumer survey results that assess acceptance of GM rice in 5 selected countries, namely, Bangladesh, Colombia, Ghana, Honduras, and Tanzania.
Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer agronomic benefits such as tolerance ... more Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer agronomic benefits such as tolerance to herbicides, drought, flood, and salinity, and resistance to insects, as well as health benefits such as improved vitamin content. Yet regulatory, policy and market barriers including perceptions of consumer and producer unwillingness to purchase and grow GM rice have prevented commercialization. This study is designed to help understand the barriers and controversies of GM rice acceptance in the selected African countries and identify the factors that affect the willingness of consumers to purchase and producers to grow GM rice. Double bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) contingent valuation (CV) and multinomial logistic maximum likelihood models are estimated to measure consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for resource stress and enhanced nutritional GM rice events. Stochastic payment card (SPC) approach is used to estimate rice producers’ willingness to adopt (WTA) GM rice. The results p...
This study estimates the dry bean yield increase in South Africa that is attributable to genetic ... more This study estimates the dry bean yield increase in South Africa that is attributable to genetic improvements through the Agricultural Research Council's (ARC) bean breeding program. Using 32 test plots across South Africa from 1982 to 2014, results indicate that ARC breeding increased average yields by 11.65 kg/ha annually, for a cumulative 43.28% increase. These yield increases were not at the expense of yield variance, an important measure of food security. These findings indicate that the returns on investment are relatively high (an estimated 5.67:1 benefit-cost ratio) and can lead to greater food security though increased and stabilized bean yields.
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the Value Added Tax (VAT) reform in 2013 on raw... more The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the Value Added Tax (VAT) reform in 2013 on raw milk collection in Kosovo. A linear regression with panel-corrected standard errors model (LRPCSE) was used to statistically test the hypothesis of no effect of the 2013 VAT reform on the growth rate of monthly raw milk collection. The study utilizes panel data spanning from January 2011 to December 2015. Company level monthly sales, investment, price and raw milk collection data were collected from eight Kosovo dairy plants. Results revealed confirmatory evidence that the 2013 VAT reform significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth rate of monthly raw milk supplied to 60% of dairy plants by 9.7% for the period under consideration. This tax policy would possibly lead to a further formalization of dairy sector in the future.
Few empirical studies have estimated the direct effects of biotic (disease and pest) and abiotic ... more Few empirical studies have estimated the direct effects of biotic (disease and pest) and abiotic (e.g. drought and flood) stresses on cocoa-producing households. As such, this study extends the existing literature by using household-level data from Ghana over three cocoa growing seasons (2002, 2004 and 2006) in a regression framework to estimate the responsiveness of cocoa yields to biotic and abiotic stress at the household level. The results show that, for farms exposed per year, overall stress from pests makes up the highest percentage, followed by disease stresses and abiotic stresses. In addition, the results from the regression model show that cocoa yields decline by 0.046%, 0.013% and 0.003% respectively for every one percent increase in the proportion of the farm affected by disease, pests and abiotic stress that persist for a year. The findings of this study suggest that the government of Ghana should consider expanding the scope of the National Cocoa Diseases and Pest Control Programme to include other pests that are not included in the programme. We also recommend an insurance product for cocoa to help farmers manage the risks of abiotic stresses such as droughts and floods that destroy investments and potential income.
This paper analyses the constraints and their effects on the marketing of cassava by farmers in t... more This paper analyses the constraints and their effects on the marketing of cassava by farmers in the Ajumako-Enyan Essiam District (AEED). Simple descriptive statistics like percentages, rank score, Kendall's coefficient of concordance test and student's t-test were used in the analysis. The results show that farmers mostly sell 56%, 20%, 14% and 10% of their products to urban wholesalers, urban retailers, rural retailers and consumers, respectively. Among the 10 constraints ranked by the farmers, the results show that the difficulty in harvesting during the dry season is the most pressing constraint, followed by inappropriate sales measurement, bad road network and then the absence of government support for cassava marketing. The Kendall's statistical test conducted suggests that there is (about 63.9%) agreement among the rankings of the constraints by the farmers. cassava farmers and consumers are likely to lose, while the traders will gain from the effect of marketing constraints like bad road networks. Upgrading of roads connecting the farming areas and the marketing centres, enforcing any bye-laws for standardizing the cassava market in terms of weight and equivalent prices and developing appropriate technology to aid harvesting of cassava in the dry season are drawn as policy recommendations.
Monthly wholesale prices of imported rice were used to estimate the spatial dynamics of eight loc... more Monthly wholesale prices of imported rice were used to estimate the spatial dynamics of eight local markets and the impact of infrastructure on spatial market integration. The results, based on threshold and linear error correction models, indicate that Liberian rice markets are spatially integrated, with four main price-transmission markets, Red-Light, Gbarnga, Saclepea and Buchanan. Red-Light is the main entry market for imported rice. Its estimated period of outgoing price transmission is about five months, with bad road conditions the likely impediment to more complete market integration. In 12 of the 17 long-run, related market pairs, negative and positive price changes are transmitted symmetrically. Asymmetry in five market pairs is potentially a result of localised market power. Overall, integration responds positively to improved roads and negatively to spatial separation and quality of communication. Markets could be better integrated by improving transportation and market infrastructure.
PloS one, 2016
Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the di... more Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the disease is responsible for approximately 30% of rice production losses globally-the equivalent of feeding 60 million people. These losses increase the global rice price and reduce consumer welfare and food security. Rice is the staple crop for more than half the world's population so any reduction in rice blast would have substantial beneficial effects on consumer livelihoods. In 2012, researchers in the US began analyzing the feasibility of creating blast-resistant rice through cisgenic breeding. Correspondingly, our study evaluates the changes in producer, consumer, and environmental welfare, if all the rice produced in the Mid-South of the US were blast resistant through a process like cisgenics, using both international trade and environmental assessment modeling. Our results show that US rice producers would gain 69.34 million dollars annually and increase the rice supply to feed ...
The producer, consumer, and environmental impacts of a counterfactual of ShB-resistant rice produ... more The producer, consumer, and environmental impacts of a counterfactual of ShB-resistant rice production were calculated using data from U.S. county-level rice production in the Mid-South and simulated Sheath Blight (ShB) infection and yield-loss rates. Results indicate a $43 million increase in consumer surplus via ShB alleviation, with enough additional rice produced to feed 1.7 million people. A life cycle assessment (LCA) also shows that the counterfactual has lower environmental impacts than the status quo of ShB-prone rice production. These estimates provide important economic and environmental information to donors, policy makers, and breeding programs globally on the importance of increasing and maintaining genetic disease resistance.
In Ghana the cultivation of cisgenic rice could potentially decrease the current growing gap betw... more In Ghana the cultivation of cisgenic rice could potentially decrease the current growing gap between domestic supply and demand. Using a consumer survey, the study tested if Ghanaians view cisgenic and transgenic rice differently and estimated consumers' willingness-to-pay for rice labeled as genetically modified (GM), cisgenic or environmentally beneficial. Employing an interval regression on the survey data showed that consumers were willing to pay a premium for environmentally beneficial rice and a discount for GM and cisgenic rice. In addition, a Likert scale and simple t test was used to show that respondents had a less negative attitude towards cisgenic rice relative to transgenic rice; and perceived cisgenic rice to be different from GM rice, but not different from transgenic rice. Based on the findings of this study and the high
PloS one, 2016
Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the di... more Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a key concern in combating global food insecurity given the disease is responsible for approximately 30% of rice production losses globally-the equivalent of feeding 60 million people. These losses increase the global rice price and reduce consumer welfare and food security. Rice is the staple crop for more than half the world's population so any reduction in rice blast would have substantial beneficial effects on consumer livelihoods. In 2012, researchers in the US began analyzing the feasibility of creating blast-resistant rice through cisgenic breeding. Correspondingly, our study evaluates the changes in producer, consumer, and environmental welfare, if all the rice produced in the Mid-South of the US were blast resistant through a process like cisgenics, using both international trade and environmental assessment modeling. Our results show that US rice producers would gain 69.34 million dollars annually and increase the rice supply to feed ...
Journal of Rural Studies, 2016
Agricultural Economics, 2016
Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer pest resistance, herbicide tolerance ... more Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and health benefits, yet regulatory, policy and market barriers prevent commercialization of GM rice. This study assesses factors based on consumer survey results that assess acceptance of GM rice in 5 selected countries, namely, Bangladesh, Colombia, Ghana, Honduras, and Tanzania.
Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer agronomic benefits such as tolerance ... more Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer agronomic benefits such as tolerance to herbicides, drought, flood, and salinity, and resistance to insects, as well as health benefits such as improved vitamin content. Yet regulatory, policy and market barriers including perceptions of consumer and producer unwillingness to purchase and grow GM rice have prevented commercialization. This study is designed to help understand the barriers and controversies of GM rice acceptance in the selected African countries and identify the factors that affect the willingness of consumers to purchase and producers to grow GM rice. Double bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) contingent valuation (CV) and multinomial logistic maximum likelihood models are estimated to measure consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for resource stress and enhanced nutritional GM rice events. Stochastic payment card (SPC) approach is used to estimate rice producers’ willingness to adopt (WTA) GM rice. The results p...
This study estimates the dry bean yield increase in South Africa that is attributable to genetic ... more This study estimates the dry bean yield increase in South Africa that is attributable to genetic improvements through the Agricultural Research Council's (ARC) bean breeding program. Using 32 test plots across South Africa from 1982 to 2014, results indicate that ARC breeding increased average yields by 11.65 kg/ha annually, for a cumulative 43.28% increase. These yield increases were not at the expense of yield variance, an important measure of food security. These findings indicate that the returns on investment are relatively high (an estimated 5.67:1 benefit-cost ratio) and can lead to greater food security though increased and stabilized bean yields.
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the Value Added Tax (VAT) reform in 2013 on raw... more The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the Value Added Tax (VAT) reform in 2013 on raw milk collection in Kosovo. A linear regression with panel-corrected standard errors model (LRPCSE) was used to statistically test the hypothesis of no effect of the 2013 VAT reform on the growth rate of monthly raw milk collection. The study utilizes panel data spanning from January 2011 to December 2015. Company level monthly sales, investment, price and raw milk collection data were collected from eight Kosovo dairy plants. Results revealed confirmatory evidence that the 2013 VAT reform significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth rate of monthly raw milk supplied to 60% of dairy plants by 9.7% for the period under consideration. This tax policy would possibly lead to a further formalization of dairy sector in the future.
Few empirical studies have estimated the direct effects of biotic (disease and pest) and abiotic ... more Few empirical studies have estimated the direct effects of biotic (disease and pest) and abiotic (e.g. drought and flood) stresses on cocoa-producing households. As such, this study extends the existing literature by using household-level data from Ghana over three cocoa growing seasons (2002, 2004 and 2006) in a regression framework to estimate the responsiveness of cocoa yields to biotic and abiotic stress at the household level. The results show that, for farms exposed per year, overall stress from pests makes up the highest percentage, followed by disease stresses and abiotic stresses. In addition, the results from the regression model show that cocoa yields decline by 0.046%, 0.013% and 0.003% respectively for every one percent increase in the proportion of the farm affected by disease, pests and abiotic stress that persist for a year. The findings of this study suggest that the government of Ghana should consider expanding the scope of the National Cocoa Diseases and Pest Control Programme to include other pests that are not included in the programme. We also recommend an insurance product for cocoa to help farmers manage the risks of abiotic stresses such as droughts and floods that destroy investments and potential income.
This paper analyses the constraints and their effects on the marketing of cassava by farmers in t... more This paper analyses the constraints and their effects on the marketing of cassava by farmers in the Ajumako-Enyan Essiam District (AEED). Simple descriptive statistics like percentages, rank score, Kendall's coefficient of concordance test and student's t-test were used in the analysis. The results show that farmers mostly sell 56%, 20%, 14% and 10% of their products to urban wholesalers, urban retailers, rural retailers and consumers, respectively. Among the 10 constraints ranked by the farmers, the results show that the difficulty in harvesting during the dry season is the most pressing constraint, followed by inappropriate sales measurement, bad road network and then the absence of government support for cassava marketing. The Kendall's statistical test conducted suggests that there is (about 63.9%) agreement among the rankings of the constraints by the farmers. cassava farmers and consumers are likely to lose, while the traders will gain from the effect of marketing constraints like bad road networks. Upgrading of roads connecting the farming areas and the marketing centres, enforcing any bye-laws for standardizing the cassava market in terms of weight and equivalent prices and developing appropriate technology to aid harvesting of cassava in the dry season are drawn as policy recommendations.
Monthly wholesale prices of imported rice were used to estimate the spatial dynamics of eight loc... more Monthly wholesale prices of imported rice were used to estimate the spatial dynamics of eight local markets and the impact of infrastructure on spatial market integration. The results, based on threshold and linear error correction models, indicate that Liberian rice markets are spatially integrated, with four main price-transmission markets, Red-Light, Gbarnga, Saclepea and Buchanan. Red-Light is the main entry market for imported rice. Its estimated period of outgoing price transmission is about five months, with bad road conditions the likely impediment to more complete market integration. In 12 of the 17 long-run, related market pairs, negative and positive price changes are transmitted symmetrically. Asymmetry in five market pairs is potentially a result of localised market power. Overall, integration responds positively to improved roads and negatively to spatial separation and quality of communication. Markets could be better integrated by improving transportation and market infrastructure.