Peter Sandøe - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Peter Sandøe
Veterinary Medical Ethics
PubMed, Feb 1, 2022
Kontrol af dyrevelfærd: Landmændenes modstand – kontrollørens dilemma
Dansk Veterinærtidsskrift, 2013
Outline of a Risk Assessment: The Welfare of Future Xeno-Donor Pigs
Animal Welfare, May 1, 2003
The welfare of transgenic animals is often not considered prior to their generation. However, we ... more The welfare of transgenic animals is often not considered prior to their generation. However, we demonstrate here how a welfare risk assessment can be carried out before transgenic animals are created. We describe a risk assessment identifying potential welfare problems in transgenic pigs generated for future xeno-donation of organs. This assessment is based on currently available information concerning transgenic animal models in which one or more transgenes relevant to future xeno-donation have been inserted. The welfare risk assessment reveals that future xeno-donor pigs may have an increased tendency toward septicaemias, reduced fertility and/or impaired vision. The transgenic animal models used in generating hypotheses about the welfare of xeno-donor pigs can also assist in the testing of these hypotheses. To ensure high levels of welfare of transgenic animals, analogous risk assessments can be used to identify potential welfare problems during the early stages of the generation of new transgenic animals. Such assessments may form part of the basis on which licenses to generate new transgenic animals are granted to research groups.
Animal Ethics Orientation Scale
PsycTESTS Dataset, 2019
Developing welfare protocols for transgenic large animals
Transgenic Research, Feb 1, 2010
The birth of the first transgenic primate to have inherited a transgene from its parents opens th... more The birth of the first transgenic primate to have inherited a transgene from its parents opens the possibility to set up transgenic marmoset colonies, as these monkeys are small and relatively easy to keep and breed in research facilities. The prospect of transgenic marmoset models of human disease, readily available in the way that transgenic laboratory mice are currently, prompts excitement in the scientific community; but the idea of monkeys being bred to carry diseases is also contentious. We structure an ethical analysis of the transgenic marmoset case around three questions: whether it is acceptable to use animals as models of human disease; whether it is acceptable to genetically modify animals; and whether these animals' being monkeys makes a difference. The analysis considers the prospect of transgenic marmoset studies coming to replace transgenic mouse studies and lesion studies in marmosets in some areas of research. The mainstream, broadly utilitarian view of animal research suggests that such a transition will not give rise to greater ethical problems than those presently faced. It can be argued that using marmosets rather than mice will not result in more animal suffering, and that the benefits of research will improve with a move to a species more similar in phylogenetic terms to humans. The biological and social proximity of monkeys and humans may also benefit the animals by making it easier for scientists and caretakers to recognize signs of suffering and increasing the human motivation to limit it. The animal welfare and research impacts of the transition to marmoset use will depend very much on the extent to which researchers take these issues seriously and seek to minimize animal harm and optimize human benefit.
Looking After Chronically III Dogs: Impacts on the Caregiver's Life
Anthrozoos, Dec 1, 2013
ABSTRACT Studies in human medicine show that care of chronically ill family members can affect th... more ABSTRACT Studies in human medicine show that care of chronically ill family members can affect the caregiver's life in several ways and cause “caregiver burden.” Companion animals are offered increasingly advanced veterinary treatments, sometimes involving home care. Owners choosing such treatments could thus face similar challenges when caring for their animals. This qualitative study uncovers impacts on an owner's life, when attending to the care of an aged or chronically ill dog and reflects on the differing roles of caregivers with animal and human patients. Twelve dog owners were selected for in-depth interviews based on the dogs' diagnoses, and the choice of treatments and care expected to affect the owner's life. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed qualitatively. The dog owners reported several changes in their lives due to their dog's condition: practicalities like extra care, changes in use of the home, and restrictions relating to work, social life, and finances. These were time-consuming, tough, and annoying, but could often be dealt with through planning and prioritizing. Changes in the human–dog relationship and activities caused sadness and frustration, which in turn led to feelings of guilt, and in some cases created a feeling of loss. Also, concerns about the progress of the dog's condition, it's welfare, and euthanasia brought emotional distress and many doubts. The owners did, however, respond to the changes differently and as a result experienced different effects on their own life. This study confirms that the situations of caregivers with human and animal patients are in some ways similar, yet the study also identifies and reflects on some of the differences. These include the caregiver role and the options of assistance as well as euthanasia. Veterinary staff are urged to inform owners about possible impacts on their lives when considering careconsuming treatments, and to be aware of the need for support during treatment as well as in decisions about euthanasia.
The ¤ethical framework for risk assessment: teh case of genetically modified crops
Gensplejsede fødevarer : problemer og perspektiver
Why don't they just pull themselves together and eat less? Public perceptions of animal use in obesity research
Global Food Security, 2010
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Oct 1, 2019
Neutering increases the risk of obesity in male dogs but not in bitches: A cross-sectional study ... more Neutering increases the risk of obesity in male dogs but not in bitches: A cross-sectional study of dog-and owner-related risk factors for obesity in Danish companion dogs.
Health Risk & Society, Jul 13, 2021
Drawing upon data collected within 20 focus groups with consumers from five European countries, i... more Drawing upon data collected within 20 focus groups with consumers from five European countries, in this article we investigate how perceptions of human health risk and current anxieties regarding agricultural food production affect citizens' acceptance of the use of an emerging biotechnology, synthetic biology, in the development of vaccines for animals bred for food production. In focus group discussions in Austria, the UK, Poland and Denmark, participants tended to value the positive potential of synthetic vaccines if they could solve existing problems. Participants argued that the technology could be beneficial for animal welfare and was a potential solution to the problem of risks to human health posed by the use of antibiotics on livestock. The perceived drawbacks of antibiotic use affected the discussions towards acceptance of synthetic biology and the use of vaccines in meat production despite concerns over the potential risks. The participants from Spain stood out in that their acceptance of the synthetic vaccine appeared to be disconnected from concerns about risks related to the use of antibiotics. Participants from all countries found the vaccine to have potential uses, but also expressed concerns about health risks for consumers. In general consumers were perceived as those bearing the heaviest burden of risk, while pharmaceutical companies were perceived as likely to benefit most from production of the vaccine. We found that institutional trust and national contexts of (dis)engagement with science influenced the participants' understandings of the degree to which the synthetic livestock vaccine had a fair risk-benefit balance.
Praktisk håndtering af etiske kriterier: hvordan kan forbrugernes etiske krav inddrages i godkendelsesprocedurer
A good taste in the meat, a good taste in the mouth – Animal welfare as an aspect of pork quality in three European countries
Livestock Science, Nov 1, 2016
Abstract Welfare standards for farm animals in Europe are managed by two main strategies: a legis... more Abstract Welfare standards for farm animals in Europe are managed by two main strategies: a legislative and a market-driven strategy. The former imposes common minimum standards of animal welfare; it offers little or no help for consumers favoring welfare initiatives above the legal requirements. The latter can be used as a lever for improving welfare beyond baseline standards through initiatives supporting ‘welfare-friendly’ products that are sold at a premium. However, if this second strategy is to be successful the higher levels of welfare secured will need to reflect what consumers think is important. Using focus group interviews in three European countries, the study presented here looks at the way consumers perceive meat and meat consumption practices in relation to animal welfare. Regarding animal welfare as a quality attribute – something worth paying a premium for – the analysis shows that animal welfare is definitely a quality for which some consumers are prepared to pay as such, but that other consumers do not regard welfare as an important quality attribute. Another group of consumers consider welfare important and valuable given its positive link with attractive quality attributes such as taste. The results points to some striking national differences: little concern or action linked to animal welfare was expressed by English consumers; their Swedish counterparts displayed more concern and action; consumers in Denmark were similar to those in Sweden, but showed more variation in their attitudes and an awareness of barriers.
PLOS ONE
Questionable authorship practices in scientific publishing are detrimental to research quality an... more Questionable authorship practices in scientific publishing are detrimental to research quality and management. The existing literature dealing with the prevalence, and perceptions, of such practices has focused on the medical sciences, and on experienced researchers. In contrast, this study investigated how younger researchers (PhD students) from across the faculties view fair authorship attribution, their experience with granting guest authorships to more powerful researchers and their reasons for doing so. Data for the study were collected in a survey of European PhD students. The final dataset included 1,336 participants from five European countries (Denmark, Hungary, Ireland, Portugal, and Switzerland) representing all major disciplines. Approximately three in ten reported that they had granted at least one guest authorship to “a person in power”. Half of these indicated that they had done so because they had been told to do so by the person in power. Participants from the medic...
7. Negotiating welfare in daily farm practice – how employees on Danish farms perceive animal welfare
Professionals in food chains
International Journal for Educational Integrity
Plagiarism and other transgressions of the norms of academic integrity appear to be a persistent ... more Plagiarism and other transgressions of the norms of academic integrity appear to be a persistent problem among upper secondary students. Numerous surveys have revealed high levels of infringement of what appear to be clearly stated rules. Less attention has been given to students’ understanding of academic integrity, and to the potential misconceptions and false beliefs that may make it difficult for them to comply with existing rules and handle complex real-life situations.In this paper we report findings from a survey of European upper secondary students’ views on issues relating to academic integrity. We relate these findings to the students’ training about academic integrity, self-reported level of questionable behavior and country of study.A total of 1654 students at 51 institutions located in 6 European countries participated in the study. The participants generally believed they had a good understanding of the rules applying to them and knew how to behave in compliance with n...
The welfare and economic consequences of lameness in finisher pigs: A pilot study using expert opinions
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011
The effect of animal welfare on consumer perceptions of pork quality and on public acceptance of pig production: The EU experience
Veterinary Medical Ethics
PubMed, Feb 1, 2022
Kontrol af dyrevelfærd: Landmændenes modstand – kontrollørens dilemma
Dansk Veterinærtidsskrift, 2013
Outline of a Risk Assessment: The Welfare of Future Xeno-Donor Pigs
Animal Welfare, May 1, 2003
The welfare of transgenic animals is often not considered prior to their generation. However, we ... more The welfare of transgenic animals is often not considered prior to their generation. However, we demonstrate here how a welfare risk assessment can be carried out before transgenic animals are created. We describe a risk assessment identifying potential welfare problems in transgenic pigs generated for future xeno-donation of organs. This assessment is based on currently available information concerning transgenic animal models in which one or more transgenes relevant to future xeno-donation have been inserted. The welfare risk assessment reveals that future xeno-donor pigs may have an increased tendency toward septicaemias, reduced fertility and/or impaired vision. The transgenic animal models used in generating hypotheses about the welfare of xeno-donor pigs can also assist in the testing of these hypotheses. To ensure high levels of welfare of transgenic animals, analogous risk assessments can be used to identify potential welfare problems during the early stages of the generation of new transgenic animals. Such assessments may form part of the basis on which licenses to generate new transgenic animals are granted to research groups.
Animal Ethics Orientation Scale
PsycTESTS Dataset, 2019
Developing welfare protocols for transgenic large animals
Transgenic Research, Feb 1, 2010
The birth of the first transgenic primate to have inherited a transgene from its parents opens th... more The birth of the first transgenic primate to have inherited a transgene from its parents opens the possibility to set up transgenic marmoset colonies, as these monkeys are small and relatively easy to keep and breed in research facilities. The prospect of transgenic marmoset models of human disease, readily available in the way that transgenic laboratory mice are currently, prompts excitement in the scientific community; but the idea of monkeys being bred to carry diseases is also contentious. We structure an ethical analysis of the transgenic marmoset case around three questions: whether it is acceptable to use animals as models of human disease; whether it is acceptable to genetically modify animals; and whether these animals' being monkeys makes a difference. The analysis considers the prospect of transgenic marmoset studies coming to replace transgenic mouse studies and lesion studies in marmosets in some areas of research. The mainstream, broadly utilitarian view of animal research suggests that such a transition will not give rise to greater ethical problems than those presently faced. It can be argued that using marmosets rather than mice will not result in more animal suffering, and that the benefits of research will improve with a move to a species more similar in phylogenetic terms to humans. The biological and social proximity of monkeys and humans may also benefit the animals by making it easier for scientists and caretakers to recognize signs of suffering and increasing the human motivation to limit it. The animal welfare and research impacts of the transition to marmoset use will depend very much on the extent to which researchers take these issues seriously and seek to minimize animal harm and optimize human benefit.
Looking After Chronically III Dogs: Impacts on the Caregiver's Life
Anthrozoos, Dec 1, 2013
ABSTRACT Studies in human medicine show that care of chronically ill family members can affect th... more ABSTRACT Studies in human medicine show that care of chronically ill family members can affect the caregiver's life in several ways and cause “caregiver burden.” Companion animals are offered increasingly advanced veterinary treatments, sometimes involving home care. Owners choosing such treatments could thus face similar challenges when caring for their animals. This qualitative study uncovers impacts on an owner's life, when attending to the care of an aged or chronically ill dog and reflects on the differing roles of caregivers with animal and human patients. Twelve dog owners were selected for in-depth interviews based on the dogs' diagnoses, and the choice of treatments and care expected to affect the owner's life. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed qualitatively. The dog owners reported several changes in their lives due to their dog's condition: practicalities like extra care, changes in use of the home, and restrictions relating to work, social life, and finances. These were time-consuming, tough, and annoying, but could often be dealt with through planning and prioritizing. Changes in the human–dog relationship and activities caused sadness and frustration, which in turn led to feelings of guilt, and in some cases created a feeling of loss. Also, concerns about the progress of the dog's condition, it's welfare, and euthanasia brought emotional distress and many doubts. The owners did, however, respond to the changes differently and as a result experienced different effects on their own life. This study confirms that the situations of caregivers with human and animal patients are in some ways similar, yet the study also identifies and reflects on some of the differences. These include the caregiver role and the options of assistance as well as euthanasia. Veterinary staff are urged to inform owners about possible impacts on their lives when considering careconsuming treatments, and to be aware of the need for support during treatment as well as in decisions about euthanasia.
The ¤ethical framework for risk assessment: teh case of genetically modified crops
Gensplejsede fødevarer : problemer og perspektiver
Why don't they just pull themselves together and eat less? Public perceptions of animal use in obesity research
Global Food Security, 2010
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Oct 1, 2019
Neutering increases the risk of obesity in male dogs but not in bitches: A cross-sectional study ... more Neutering increases the risk of obesity in male dogs but not in bitches: A cross-sectional study of dog-and owner-related risk factors for obesity in Danish companion dogs.
Health Risk & Society, Jul 13, 2021
Drawing upon data collected within 20 focus groups with consumers from five European countries, i... more Drawing upon data collected within 20 focus groups with consumers from five European countries, in this article we investigate how perceptions of human health risk and current anxieties regarding agricultural food production affect citizens' acceptance of the use of an emerging biotechnology, synthetic biology, in the development of vaccines for animals bred for food production. In focus group discussions in Austria, the UK, Poland and Denmark, participants tended to value the positive potential of synthetic vaccines if they could solve existing problems. Participants argued that the technology could be beneficial for animal welfare and was a potential solution to the problem of risks to human health posed by the use of antibiotics on livestock. The perceived drawbacks of antibiotic use affected the discussions towards acceptance of synthetic biology and the use of vaccines in meat production despite concerns over the potential risks. The participants from Spain stood out in that their acceptance of the synthetic vaccine appeared to be disconnected from concerns about risks related to the use of antibiotics. Participants from all countries found the vaccine to have potential uses, but also expressed concerns about health risks for consumers. In general consumers were perceived as those bearing the heaviest burden of risk, while pharmaceutical companies were perceived as likely to benefit most from production of the vaccine. We found that institutional trust and national contexts of (dis)engagement with science influenced the participants' understandings of the degree to which the synthetic livestock vaccine had a fair risk-benefit balance.
Praktisk håndtering af etiske kriterier: hvordan kan forbrugernes etiske krav inddrages i godkendelsesprocedurer
A good taste in the meat, a good taste in the mouth – Animal welfare as an aspect of pork quality in three European countries
Livestock Science, Nov 1, 2016
Abstract Welfare standards for farm animals in Europe are managed by two main strategies: a legis... more Abstract Welfare standards for farm animals in Europe are managed by two main strategies: a legislative and a market-driven strategy. The former imposes common minimum standards of animal welfare; it offers little or no help for consumers favoring welfare initiatives above the legal requirements. The latter can be used as a lever for improving welfare beyond baseline standards through initiatives supporting ‘welfare-friendly’ products that are sold at a premium. However, if this second strategy is to be successful the higher levels of welfare secured will need to reflect what consumers think is important. Using focus group interviews in three European countries, the study presented here looks at the way consumers perceive meat and meat consumption practices in relation to animal welfare. Regarding animal welfare as a quality attribute – something worth paying a premium for – the analysis shows that animal welfare is definitely a quality for which some consumers are prepared to pay as such, but that other consumers do not regard welfare as an important quality attribute. Another group of consumers consider welfare important and valuable given its positive link with attractive quality attributes such as taste. The results points to some striking national differences: little concern or action linked to animal welfare was expressed by English consumers; their Swedish counterparts displayed more concern and action; consumers in Denmark were similar to those in Sweden, but showed more variation in their attitudes and an awareness of barriers.
PLOS ONE
Questionable authorship practices in scientific publishing are detrimental to research quality an... more Questionable authorship practices in scientific publishing are detrimental to research quality and management. The existing literature dealing with the prevalence, and perceptions, of such practices has focused on the medical sciences, and on experienced researchers. In contrast, this study investigated how younger researchers (PhD students) from across the faculties view fair authorship attribution, their experience with granting guest authorships to more powerful researchers and their reasons for doing so. Data for the study were collected in a survey of European PhD students. The final dataset included 1,336 participants from five European countries (Denmark, Hungary, Ireland, Portugal, and Switzerland) representing all major disciplines. Approximately three in ten reported that they had granted at least one guest authorship to “a person in power”. Half of these indicated that they had done so because they had been told to do so by the person in power. Participants from the medic...
7. Negotiating welfare in daily farm practice – how employees on Danish farms perceive animal welfare
Professionals in food chains
International Journal for Educational Integrity
Plagiarism and other transgressions of the norms of academic integrity appear to be a persistent ... more Plagiarism and other transgressions of the norms of academic integrity appear to be a persistent problem among upper secondary students. Numerous surveys have revealed high levels of infringement of what appear to be clearly stated rules. Less attention has been given to students’ understanding of academic integrity, and to the potential misconceptions and false beliefs that may make it difficult for them to comply with existing rules and handle complex real-life situations.In this paper we report findings from a survey of European upper secondary students’ views on issues relating to academic integrity. We relate these findings to the students’ training about academic integrity, self-reported level of questionable behavior and country of study.A total of 1654 students at 51 institutions located in 6 European countries participated in the study. The participants generally believed they had a good understanding of the rules applying to them and knew how to behave in compliance with n...
The welfare and economic consequences of lameness in finisher pigs: A pilot study using expert opinions
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011
The effect of animal welfare on consumer perceptions of pork quality and on public acceptance of pig production: The EU experience
Videnskabsteori for de biologiske fag
En forudsætning for, at bedre dyrevelfærd kan drives af markedet, er, at den ekstra dyrevelfærd e... more En forudsætning for, at bedre dyrevelfærd kan drives af markedet, er, at den ekstra dyrevelfærd er i overensstemmelse med forbrugernes værdier. Dette kapitel gennemgår den eksisterende forskning på området og præsenterer resultaterne af et interviewstudie med almindelige mennesker. I overensstemmelse med tidligere forskning peger interviewene på, at der er en kontrast mellem det konventionelle produktionssystem, som generelt kritiseres, og frilandssystemer, som vurderes betydeligt mere positivt. To parametre – god plads og adgang til det fri – er særligt vigtige for vurderingen af grises velfærd. Søernes velfærd er endvidere et spørgsmål om naturlig bedækning, en reproduktionscyklus, der tager hensyn til soen, samt fravær af fiksering. Interviewdeltagerne udtrykker, at der er et dilemma mellem økonomi og dyrevelfærd, som er vigtigt for, hvordan de håndterer hensynet til grisenes velfærd i praksis – hvilket igen har betydning for mulighederne for markedsdrevet dyrevelfærd.