Nicolai Bang Foss | Københavns Universitet (original) (raw)

Papers by Nicolai Bang Foss

Research paper thumbnail of Increased mortality in the elderly after emergency abdominal surgery

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between preoperative delay and mortality i... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between preoperative delay and mortality in surgical patients undergoing primary emergency laparotomy (PEL) in an unselected, well-described patient cohort in a university hospital setting. This study was a retrospective analysis of patient charts and perioperative documentation in an unselected consecutive cohort of 131 patients. Covariates for survival outcomes were evaluated in a multivariate analysis. No external funding and no competing interests were declared. The study was approved by The Danish Data Protection Agency; and in pursuance of national Danish research guidelines concerning retrospective studies, approval from ethics committee was not relevant. PEL was performed in 131 patients in the observation period. The median age of the patients was 68 years. The median time from admission to start of operation for all patients was 9.5 hours. No association between a time to operation exceeding six hours and post-operative mortality was found (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 0.67 (0.25-1.78)). Patients over 75 years of age had a very high mortality (47.8%). Most patients died within 30 days post-operatively. Acute admission and emergency laparotomy is associated with a very high mortality, especially in elderly patients. However, delay in the surgical treatment exceeding six hours is not associated with a higher mortality. There may be a considerable potential for improving care and management in these patients through a more systematic approach.

Research paper thumbnail of neuroaxial blokade for combined operation for internal herniation after gastrisk bypass operation and C-section

Research paper thumbnail of Organizational designs for absorptive capacity

Academy of Management Proceedings, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Researching Collaborative Advantage: Some Conceptual and Multi-Level Issues

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship and the Firm

Contents Lisi of figures vii List of tables viiì List of contributors ix Introduction - Entrepren... more Contents Lisi of figures vii List of tables viiì List of contributors ix Introduction - Entrepreneurship and the firm: Austrian perspectives on economic organization I Nicolai J. Foss and Peter G. Klein 1 Explaining firms 11 Brian J. Loasby 2 Modularity in technology and organization 24 Richard N. Langlois 3 Economic organization in the knowledge economy: an Austrian perspective 48 Nicolai J. F oss 4 Knowledge: a challenge for the Austrian theory of the firm 72 Pierre Garrouste 5 Schumpeter's and Kirzner's entrepreneur reconsidered: corporate entrepreneurship, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Competence, governance, and entrepreneurship. Advances in economic strategy research

Scandinavian Journal of Management, 2002

... Such a theory would not only shed light on the classical questions considered in the theory o... more ... Such a theory would not only shed light on the classical questions considered in the theory of the firm (eg why firms ... This volume brings together prominent voices on competence, governance, and entrepreneurship to advance and stimulate economic strategy research ...

Research paper thumbnail of Research in the Strategic Theory of the Firm: 'Isolationism' and 'Integrationism

Journal of Management Studies, 1999

It has been increasingly often argued that strategy research should aim for a `strategic theory o... more It has been increasingly often argued that strategy research should aim for a `strategic theory of the ®rm', that is, a theory explains the existence, boundaries, organization and competitive advantage of the ®rm within a uni®ed theoretical framework. This paper discusses two ...

Research paper thumbnail of Strategic opportunity and economic performance in multinational enterprises: The role and effects of information and communication technology

Journal of International Management, 2005

Recent work on multinational enterprises (MNEs) argues that diversity in terms of the markets the... more Recent work on multinational enterprises (MNEs) argues that diversity in terms of the markets they serve and the environments they acquire inputs from provides strategic opportunity unavailable to purely domestic firms. However, MNEs are also exposed to higher levels of complexity and uncertainty due to the presence in different locations and confront associated needs to integrate and coordinate activities. This paper suggests that the attendant cost-benefit tradeoff can be influenced by computer-mediated communication. Based on a sample of 88 organizations in the computer products industries, we find that multinationality in itself does not guarantee a higher level of strategic opportunity. Instead, use of information technology to facilitate communication among managers across functional and geographical boundaries enhances coordination of multinational activities in the development of strategic opportunity, which in turn is associated with superior performance. D

Research paper thumbnail of Alternative research strategies in the knowledge movement: From macro bias to micro-foundations and multi-level explanation

European Management Review, 2009

Abstract The emergence over the last two decades or so of 'knowl... more Abstract The emergence over the last two decades or so of 'knowledge'as an important part of the explanatory structure of management research is an intellectual breakthrough that is comparable in terms of its transforming impact to the behavioral revolution of the 1960s. A veritable 'knowledge movement'has emerged that spans several fields in management. I take stock on alternative research strategies with that movement, distinguishing between 'capabilities first,''networks first'and 'individuals first'strategies. Reasons are given why ...

Research paper thumbnail of Awards as compensation

European Management Review, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of The Editors would like to thank the following people who have acted as referees during the academic year 2008-2009

Cambridge Journal of Economics, 2009

Cambridge Journal Of Economics 2012, 36, 1571���1573 doi: 10.1093/cje/bes079 ... �� Cambridge Pol... more Cambridge Journal Of Economics 2012, 36, 1571���1573 doi: 10.1093/cje/bes079 ... �� Cambridge Political Economy Society 2012. All rights reserved. ... The Editors would like to thank the following people who have acted as referees during the academic year 2011���2012 ... Tindara Addabbo Manuel Agosin Jonathan Aldred Daniel Ankarloo Dominique Anxo Philip Arestis Georgios Argitis Amiya Bagchi Mauro Baranzini Stephanie Barrientos Frank Barry Marco Bellandi Riccardo Bellofiore Elodie Bertrand Amit Bhaduri Patrizio Bianchi Joerg Bibow Christian Bidard Vinca Bigo ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governing Knowledge Processes

openarchive.cbs.dk

Resume: An under-researched issue in work within the" knowledge movement" is the relati... more Resume: An under-researched issue in work within the" knowledge movement" is the relation between organizational issues and knowledge processes (ie, sharing and creating knowledge). We argue that managers can shape formal organization structure and organization forms and can influence the more informal organizational practices in order to foster knowledge sharing and creation. Theoretically, we unfold this argument by relying on key ideas of organizational economics and organizational behaviour studies. We put ...

Research paper thumbnail of Corporate Communication in the Network Economy

Resume: This paper draws on ideas in economics and game theory to develop a new theory of marketi... more Resume: This paper draws on ideas in economics and game theory to develop a new theory of marketing and corporate communication in the emerging network economy. We argue that in a network economy, firms and consumers will confront" coordination problems." With the emerging network economy all this become urgent because the availability and cost of information decreases. Also, timing issues becomes crucial as millions of people get access to the same information simultaneously. That explain why events where masses of ...

Research paper thumbnail of REVISITING THE LINK BETWEEN COOPERATIVE CLIMATE AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF JOB AUTONOMY AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

We explore the association between a cooperative climate in the organization and employees? knowl... more We explore the association between a cooperative climate in the organization and employees? knowledge sharing behavior. Existing research demonstrates that employees tend to be more willing to both provide and acquire knowledge if their working climate has higher levels of cooperation. However, this work has not considered the contingent value of this link. We propose that the explanatory power of a cooperative climate in the decision to share may be strengthened if job autonomy and intrinsic motivation are taken into ...

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding Competence Building: the role of venturing and spin-offs

-Collaborative research for integrating and sharing data on olive pest management and functional ... more -Collaborative research for integrating and sharing data on olive pest management and functional biodiversity: the RIOM [Research and Innovation for Olive Growing in Southern Italy] project design by Boccaccio, L.; Tomassone, D.; Petacchi, R.; Guidotti, D.(2008) in English

Research paper thumbnail of We would like express our sincere thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contribution to JMG 2000 issues: Ashish Arora Massimo Belcredi

Journal of Management and Governance, 2001

Page 1. Journal of Management and Governance 5: 99, 2001. 99 List of Reviewers We would like expr... more Page 1. Journal of Management and Governance 5: 99, 2001. 99 List of Reviewers We would like express our sincere thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contribution to JMG 2000 issues: Ashish Arora Massimo Belcredi Andrea Bonaccorsi Paolo Collini Guido Corbetta Alexander Dahaene Mark Ebers Nicolai Foss Alfonso Gambardella Aldo Genua John Hagedoorn Richard Harrison Geoff Hodgson Daniel Levinthal Edward Lorenz ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Limits to Designed Orders

Resume: We examine the argument, put forward by modern management writers and, in a somewhat diff... more Resume: We examine the argument, put forward by modern management writers and, in a somewhat different guise by Austrian economists, that authority is not a viable mechanism of coordination in the presence of" distributed knowledge"(which corresponds to Hayek's treatment of the use of dispersed knowledge in society). We define authority and distributed knowledge and argue that authority is compatible with distributed knowledge. Moreover, it is not clear on theoretical grounds how distributed knowledge impacts on economic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Theory of Science Perspectives on Strategic Management Research: Debates and a Novel View

Available at SSRN 999311, Jun 1, 2007

Abstract: Arguments derived from the theory of science have been present in strategic management ... more Abstract: Arguments derived from the theory of science have been present in strategic management discourse since at least the beginning of the 1970s. The field's top-journal, the Strategic Management Journal, has printed several theory of science-based papers. Most positions in the theory of science (falsificationism, instrumentalism, realism, constructivism, etc.) have been present in the methodological discourse in the field. This chapter briefly reviews theory science applications to strategic management, before a distinctive ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governing Knowledge

Resume: SHRM increasingly emphasizes HRM practices as means to build strategic knowledge resource... more Resume: SHRM increasingly emphasizes HRM practices as means to build strategic knowledge resources such as superior capabilities. While the knowledge-based view increasingly pays attention to micro-foundations, the SHRM field neglects these and emphasizes collective constructs such as “human capital pools,”“HRM architectures”, etc. As a result, causal links between HRM practices, knowledge and organizational performance are black-boxed. We propose a program for research and identify some of the key issues ...

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship in the Context of the Resource-Based View of The Firm

Palgrave, 2011

Abstract: This chapter discusses entrepreneurship in the context of the RBV. What does the RBV ha... more Abstract: This chapter discusses entrepreneurship in the context of the RBV. What does the RBV have to say that the study of entrepreneurship may usefully draw on? And, conversely, how can entrepreneurship research further the RBV? I begin by sketching the RBV. I then discuss the relation between the RBV and entrepreneurship research, before I characterize a new research stream that has emerged over the last decade or so in the intersection of the RBV and entrepreneurship research, namely “strategic entrepreneurship.”

Research paper thumbnail of Increased mortality in the elderly after emergency abdominal surgery

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between preoperative delay and mortality i... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between preoperative delay and mortality in surgical patients undergoing primary emergency laparotomy (PEL) in an unselected, well-described patient cohort in a university hospital setting. This study was a retrospective analysis of patient charts and perioperative documentation in an unselected consecutive cohort of 131 patients. Covariates for survival outcomes were evaluated in a multivariate analysis. No external funding and no competing interests were declared. The study was approved by The Danish Data Protection Agency; and in pursuance of national Danish research guidelines concerning retrospective studies, approval from ethics committee was not relevant. PEL was performed in 131 patients in the observation period. The median age of the patients was 68 years. The median time from admission to start of operation for all patients was 9.5 hours. No association between a time to operation exceeding six hours and post-operative mortality was found (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 0.67 (0.25-1.78)). Patients over 75 years of age had a very high mortality (47.8%). Most patients died within 30 days post-operatively. Acute admission and emergency laparotomy is associated with a very high mortality, especially in elderly patients. However, delay in the surgical treatment exceeding six hours is not associated with a higher mortality. There may be a considerable potential for improving care and management in these patients through a more systematic approach.

Research paper thumbnail of neuroaxial blokade for combined operation for internal herniation after gastrisk bypass operation and C-section

Research paper thumbnail of Organizational designs for absorptive capacity

Academy of Management Proceedings, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Researching Collaborative Advantage: Some Conceptual and Multi-Level Issues

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship and the Firm

Contents Lisi of figures vii List of tables viiì List of contributors ix Introduction - Entrepren... more Contents Lisi of figures vii List of tables viiì List of contributors ix Introduction - Entrepreneurship and the firm: Austrian perspectives on economic organization I Nicolai J. Foss and Peter G. Klein 1 Explaining firms 11 Brian J. Loasby 2 Modularity in technology and organization 24 Richard N. Langlois 3 Economic organization in the knowledge economy: an Austrian perspective 48 Nicolai J. F oss 4 Knowledge: a challenge for the Austrian theory of the firm 72 Pierre Garrouste 5 Schumpeter's and Kirzner's entrepreneur reconsidered: corporate entrepreneurship, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Competence, governance, and entrepreneurship. Advances in economic strategy research

Scandinavian Journal of Management, 2002

... Such a theory would not only shed light on the classical questions considered in the theory o... more ... Such a theory would not only shed light on the classical questions considered in the theory of the firm (eg why firms ... This volume brings together prominent voices on competence, governance, and entrepreneurship to advance and stimulate economic strategy research ...

Research paper thumbnail of Research in the Strategic Theory of the Firm: 'Isolationism' and 'Integrationism

Journal of Management Studies, 1999

It has been increasingly often argued that strategy research should aim for a `strategic theory o... more It has been increasingly often argued that strategy research should aim for a `strategic theory of the ®rm', that is, a theory explains the existence, boundaries, organization and competitive advantage of the ®rm within a uni®ed theoretical framework. This paper discusses two ...

Research paper thumbnail of Strategic opportunity and economic performance in multinational enterprises: The role and effects of information and communication technology

Journal of International Management, 2005

Recent work on multinational enterprises (MNEs) argues that diversity in terms of the markets the... more Recent work on multinational enterprises (MNEs) argues that diversity in terms of the markets they serve and the environments they acquire inputs from provides strategic opportunity unavailable to purely domestic firms. However, MNEs are also exposed to higher levels of complexity and uncertainty due to the presence in different locations and confront associated needs to integrate and coordinate activities. This paper suggests that the attendant cost-benefit tradeoff can be influenced by computer-mediated communication. Based on a sample of 88 organizations in the computer products industries, we find that multinationality in itself does not guarantee a higher level of strategic opportunity. Instead, use of information technology to facilitate communication among managers across functional and geographical boundaries enhances coordination of multinational activities in the development of strategic opportunity, which in turn is associated with superior performance. D

Research paper thumbnail of Alternative research strategies in the knowledge movement: From macro bias to micro-foundations and multi-level explanation

European Management Review, 2009

Abstract The emergence over the last two decades or so of 'knowl... more Abstract The emergence over the last two decades or so of 'knowledge'as an important part of the explanatory structure of management research is an intellectual breakthrough that is comparable in terms of its transforming impact to the behavioral revolution of the 1960s. A veritable 'knowledge movement'has emerged that spans several fields in management. I take stock on alternative research strategies with that movement, distinguishing between 'capabilities first,''networks first'and 'individuals first'strategies. Reasons are given why ...

Research paper thumbnail of Awards as compensation

European Management Review, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of The Editors would like to thank the following people who have acted as referees during the academic year 2008-2009

Cambridge Journal of Economics, 2009

Cambridge Journal Of Economics 2012, 36, 1571���1573 doi: 10.1093/cje/bes079 ... �� Cambridge Pol... more Cambridge Journal Of Economics 2012, 36, 1571���1573 doi: 10.1093/cje/bes079 ... �� Cambridge Political Economy Society 2012. All rights reserved. ... The Editors would like to thank the following people who have acted as referees during the academic year 2011���2012 ... Tindara Addabbo Manuel Agosin Jonathan Aldred Daniel Ankarloo Dominique Anxo Philip Arestis Georgios Argitis Amiya Bagchi Mauro Baranzini Stephanie Barrientos Frank Barry Marco Bellandi Riccardo Bellofiore Elodie Bertrand Amit Bhaduri Patrizio Bianchi Joerg Bibow Christian Bidard Vinca Bigo ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governing Knowledge Processes

openarchive.cbs.dk

Resume: An under-researched issue in work within the" knowledge movement" is the relati... more Resume: An under-researched issue in work within the" knowledge movement" is the relation between organizational issues and knowledge processes (ie, sharing and creating knowledge). We argue that managers can shape formal organization structure and organization forms and can influence the more informal organizational practices in order to foster knowledge sharing and creation. Theoretically, we unfold this argument by relying on key ideas of organizational economics and organizational behaviour studies. We put ...

Research paper thumbnail of Corporate Communication in the Network Economy

Resume: This paper draws on ideas in economics and game theory to develop a new theory of marketi... more Resume: This paper draws on ideas in economics and game theory to develop a new theory of marketing and corporate communication in the emerging network economy. We argue that in a network economy, firms and consumers will confront" coordination problems." With the emerging network economy all this become urgent because the availability and cost of information decreases. Also, timing issues becomes crucial as millions of people get access to the same information simultaneously. That explain why events where masses of ...

Research paper thumbnail of REVISITING THE LINK BETWEEN COOPERATIVE CLIMATE AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF JOB AUTONOMY AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

We explore the association between a cooperative climate in the organization and employees? knowl... more We explore the association between a cooperative climate in the organization and employees? knowledge sharing behavior. Existing research demonstrates that employees tend to be more willing to both provide and acquire knowledge if their working climate has higher levels of cooperation. However, this work has not considered the contingent value of this link. We propose that the explanatory power of a cooperative climate in the decision to share may be strengthened if job autonomy and intrinsic motivation are taken into ...

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding Competence Building: the role of venturing and spin-offs

-Collaborative research for integrating and sharing data on olive pest management and functional ... more -Collaborative research for integrating and sharing data on olive pest management and functional biodiversity: the RIOM [Research and Innovation for Olive Growing in Southern Italy] project design by Boccaccio, L.; Tomassone, D.; Petacchi, R.; Guidotti, D.(2008) in English

Research paper thumbnail of We would like express our sincere thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contribution to JMG 2000 issues: Ashish Arora Massimo Belcredi

Journal of Management and Governance, 2001

Page 1. Journal of Management and Governance 5: 99, 2001. 99 List of Reviewers We would like expr... more Page 1. Journal of Management and Governance 5: 99, 2001. 99 List of Reviewers We would like express our sincere thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contribution to JMG 2000 issues: Ashish Arora Massimo Belcredi Andrea Bonaccorsi Paolo Collini Guido Corbetta Alexander Dahaene Mark Ebers Nicolai Foss Alfonso Gambardella Aldo Genua John Hagedoorn Richard Harrison Geoff Hodgson Daniel Levinthal Edward Lorenz ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Limits to Designed Orders

Resume: We examine the argument, put forward by modern management writers and, in a somewhat diff... more Resume: We examine the argument, put forward by modern management writers and, in a somewhat different guise by Austrian economists, that authority is not a viable mechanism of coordination in the presence of" distributed knowledge"(which corresponds to Hayek's treatment of the use of dispersed knowledge in society). We define authority and distributed knowledge and argue that authority is compatible with distributed knowledge. Moreover, it is not clear on theoretical grounds how distributed knowledge impacts on economic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Theory of Science Perspectives on Strategic Management Research: Debates and a Novel View

Available at SSRN 999311, Jun 1, 2007

Abstract: Arguments derived from the theory of science have been present in strategic management ... more Abstract: Arguments derived from the theory of science have been present in strategic management discourse since at least the beginning of the 1970s. The field's top-journal, the Strategic Management Journal, has printed several theory of science-based papers. Most positions in the theory of science (falsificationism, instrumentalism, realism, constructivism, etc.) have been present in the methodological discourse in the field. This chapter briefly reviews theory science applications to strategic management, before a distinctive ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governing Knowledge

Resume: SHRM increasingly emphasizes HRM practices as means to build strategic knowledge resource... more Resume: SHRM increasingly emphasizes HRM practices as means to build strategic knowledge resources such as superior capabilities. While the knowledge-based view increasingly pays attention to micro-foundations, the SHRM field neglects these and emphasizes collective constructs such as “human capital pools,”“HRM architectures”, etc. As a result, causal links between HRM practices, knowledge and organizational performance are black-boxed. We propose a program for research and identify some of the key issues ...

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship in the Context of the Resource-Based View of The Firm

Palgrave, 2011

Abstract: This chapter discusses entrepreneurship in the context of the RBV. What does the RBV ha... more Abstract: This chapter discusses entrepreneurship in the context of the RBV. What does the RBV have to say that the study of entrepreneurship may usefully draw on? And, conversely, how can entrepreneurship research further the RBV? I begin by sketching the RBV. I then discuss the relation between the RBV and entrepreneurship research, before I characterize a new research stream that has emerged over the last decade or so in the intersection of the RBV and entrepreneurship research, namely “strategic entrepreneurship.”