Hidefumi Hitokoto | Kyoto University (original) (raw)

Papers by Hidefumi Hitokoto

Research paper thumbnail of Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves

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H ow does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts... more H ow does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts an evolutionary approach to capture the broad range of human social goals within a taxonomy of ancestrally recurring threats and opportunities. These motives—self-protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and kin care—are high in fitness relevance and everyday salience, yet understudied cross-culturally. Here, we gathered data on these motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) in two cross-sectional waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which data were gathered in both waves. Wave 1 was collected from mid-2016 through late 2019 (32 countries, N = 8,998; 3,302 male, 5,585 female; Mage = 24.43, SD = 7.91). Wave 2 was collected from April through November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (29 countries, N = 6,917; 2,249 male, 4,218 female; Mage = 28.59, SD = 11.31). These data can be used to assess differences and similarities in people’s fu...

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Research paper thumbnail of からかい・いじめ強化に対する教室の協調的文脈と妬み特性の効果

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Multi-Tiered Social Networks in Rural Area Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

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Research paper thumbnail of Interdependent Happiness: Progress and Implications

Cross-Cultural Advancements in Positive Psychology, 2018

We argue that interdependent happiness, predicated on interpersonal harmony, quiescence and ordin... more We argue that interdependent happiness, predicated on interpersonal harmony, quiescence and ordinariness, is the core concept of shared meanings of happiness in interdependent cultural contexts. This paper presents its theoretical background based on culture and self studies, methods of measurement, and the latest available evidence from both the East and the West on interdependent happiness, while also elaborating on future directions. In particular, we investigate how interdependent happiness correlates with subjective well-being differently and flourishes differently across cultures. Our argument is an East Asian contribution to the recent world-wide interest in the measurement of culturally diverse types of happiness, that attempts to better appreciate the deeply rooted, socio-cultural nature of human ways of life.

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Research paper thumbnail of Is Grittiness Next to Happiness? Examining the Association of Triarchic Model of Grit Dimensions with Well-Being Outcomes

Journal of Happiness Studies, 2020

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Research paper thumbnail of Why we eat what we eat: The psychology of food selection

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of Hedonic and transcendental dimensions of well-being: Three country comparison

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of Interdependent happiness across age in Costa Rica, Japan, and the Netherlands

Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2020

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Research paper thumbnail of Survey of the effects of internet usage on the happiness of Japanese university students

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2019

Background Besides research on psychiatric diseases related to problematic Internet use (PIU), a ... more Background Besides research on psychiatric diseases related to problematic Internet use (PIU), a growing number of studies focus on the impact of Internet on subjective well-being (SWB). However, in previous studies on the relationship between PIU and SWB, there is little data for Japanese people specifically, and there is a lack of consideration for differences in perception of happiness due to cultural differences. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how happiness is interdependent on PIU measures, with a focus on how the concept of happiness is interpreted among Japanese people, and specifically among Japanese university students. Methods A paper-based survey was conducted with 1258 Japanese university students. Respondents were asked to fill out self-report scales regarding their happiness using the Interdependent Happiness Scale (IHS). The relationship between IHS and Internet use (Japanese version of the Internet addiction test, JIAT), use of social networking services, as well as ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Cultural Psychological Study on Eating Behavior (2): Eating Behavior and Attitude of Japanese Vegetarians toward Foods

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Family Matters: Rethinking the Psychology of Human Social Motivation

What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, espe... more What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, especially those adopting an evolutionary perspective, have devoted a great deal of research attention to sexual attraction and romantic partner choice (mate-seeking). Research on long-term familial bonds (mate retention and kin care) has been less thoroughly connected to relevant comparative and evolutionary work on other species, and in the case of kin care, less well researched. Examining varied sources of data from 27 societies around the world, we found that people generally view familial motives as primary in importance, and mate-seeking motives as relatively low in importance. College students, single people, and males place relatively higher emphasis on mate-seeking, but even those samples rated kin care motives as more important. Further, motives linked to long-term familial bonds are positively associated with psychological well-being, but mate-seeking motives are associated with a...

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Research paper thumbnail of Differences in Compassion, Well-being, and Social Anxiety Between Japan and the USA

Mindfulness, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Farming cultivates a community-level shared culture through collective activities: Examining contextual effects with multilevel analyses

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2018

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Research paper thumbnail of Cross-cultural invariances in the architecture of shame

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Sep 10, 2018

Human foragers are obligately group-living, and their high dependence on mutual aid is believed t... more Human foragers are obligately group-living, and their high dependence on mutual aid is believed to have characterized our species' social evolution. It was therefore a central adaptive problem for our ancestors to avoid damaging the willingness of other group members to render them assistance. Cognitively, this requires a predictive map of the degree to which others would devalue the individual based on each of various possible acts. With such a map, an individual can avoid socially costly behaviors by anticipating how much audience devaluation a potential action (e.g., stealing) would cause and weigh this against the action's direct payoff (e.g., acquiring). The shame system manifests all of the functional properties required to solve this adaptive problem, with the aversive intensity of shame encoding the social cost. Previous data from three Western(ized) societies indicated that the shame evoked when the individual anticipates committing various acts closely tracks the m...

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Research paper thumbnail of Invariances in the architecture of pride across small-scale societies

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug 1, 2018

Becoming valuable to fellow group members so that one would attract assistance in times of need i... more Becoming valuable to fellow group members so that one would attract assistance in times of need is a major adaptive problem. To solve it, the individual needs a predictive map of the degree to which others value different acts so that, in choosing how to act, the payoff arising from others' valuation of a potential action (e.g., showing bandmates that one is a skilled forager by pursuing a hard-to-acquire prey item) can be added to the direct payoff of the action (e.g., gaining the nutrients of the prey captured). The pride system seems to incorporate all of the elements necessary to solve this adaptive problem. Importantly, data from western(-ized), educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies indicate close quantitative correspondences between pride and the valuations of audiences. Do those results generalize beyond industrial mass societies? To find out, we conducted an experiment among 567 participants in 10 small-scale societies scattered across Central ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Cross-cultural invariance of NPI-13: Entitlement as culturally specific, leadership and grandiosity as culturally universal

International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, Jan 15, 2018

The current study explores the problem with the lack of measurement invariance for the Narcissist... more The current study explores the problem with the lack of measurement invariance for the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) by addressing two issues: conceptual heterogeneity of narcissism and methodological issues related to the binary character of data. We examine the measurement invariance of the 13-item version of the NPI in three populations in Japan, Poland and the UK. Analyses revealed that leadership/authority and grandiose exhibitionism dimensions of the NPI were cross-culturally invariant, while entitlement/exploitativeness was culturally specific. Therefore, we proposed NPI-9 as indicating scalar invariance, and we examined the pattern of correlations between NPI-9 and other variables across three countries. The results suggest that NPI-9 is valid brief scale measuring general levels of narcissism in cross-cultural studies, while the NPI-13 remains suitable for research within specific countries.

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Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Social Status and Culture on Delay Discounting

Japanese Psychological Research, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of Do You Always Choose What You Like? Subtle Social Cues Increase Preference-Choice Consistency among Japanese But Not among Americans

Frontiers in Psychology, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of Envy and School Bullying in the Japanese Cultural Context

Envy at Work and in Organizations, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of To Accept One's Fate or Be Its Master: Culture, Control, and Workplace Choice

Frontiers in psychology, 2016

Utilizing three student (Study 1) and non-student samples (Study 2), we examined cultural differe... more Utilizing three student (Study 1) and non-student samples (Study 2), we examined cultural differences in workplace choice for North Americans, Germans, and Japanese. We focused on the desire for control as a potential mediator (i.e., the underlying mechanism) to explain cultural differences in this important life decision. Given culturally divergent embodiments of independent vs. interdependent models of agency, we expected and found that, compared to North Americans and Germans, Japanese were more likely to prefer a workplace with a payment system that maintains social order rather than one that rewards individual achievement. Furthermore, we found that Japanese tend to give greater consideration to family opinions in their choice of workplace. As predicted, desire for control (i.e., the motivation to have control over various events) was stronger for North Americans and Germans than Japanese, and explained cultural differences in choice of workplace.

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Research paper thumbnail of Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves

Scientific Data

H ow does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts... more H ow does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts an evolutionary approach to capture the broad range of human social goals within a taxonomy of ancestrally recurring threats and opportunities. These motives—self-protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and kin care—are high in fitness relevance and everyday salience, yet understudied cross-culturally. Here, we gathered data on these motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) in two cross-sectional waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which data were gathered in both waves. Wave 1 was collected from mid-2016 through late 2019 (32 countries, N = 8,998; 3,302 male, 5,585 female; Mage = 24.43, SD = 7.91). Wave 2 was collected from April through November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (29 countries, N = 6,917; 2,249 male, 4,218 female; Mage = 28.59, SD = 11.31). These data can be used to assess differences and similarities in people’s fu...

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Research paper thumbnail of からかい・いじめ強化に対する教室の協調的文脈と妬み特性の効果

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS, 2019

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Multi-Tiered Social Networks in Rural Area Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Interdependent Happiness: Progress and Implications

Cross-Cultural Advancements in Positive Psychology, 2018

We argue that interdependent happiness, predicated on interpersonal harmony, quiescence and ordin... more We argue that interdependent happiness, predicated on interpersonal harmony, quiescence and ordinariness, is the core concept of shared meanings of happiness in interdependent cultural contexts. This paper presents its theoretical background based on culture and self studies, methods of measurement, and the latest available evidence from both the East and the West on interdependent happiness, while also elaborating on future directions. In particular, we investigate how interdependent happiness correlates with subjective well-being differently and flourishes differently across cultures. Our argument is an East Asian contribution to the recent world-wide interest in the measurement of culturally diverse types of happiness, that attempts to better appreciate the deeply rooted, socio-cultural nature of human ways of life.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Is Grittiness Next to Happiness? Examining the Association of Triarchic Model of Grit Dimensions with Well-Being Outcomes

Journal of Happiness Studies, 2020

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Why we eat what we eat: The psychology of food selection

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2019

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Hedonic and transcendental dimensions of well-being: Three country comparison

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2019

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Interdependent happiness across age in Costa Rica, Japan, and the Netherlands

Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2020

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Survey of the effects of internet usage on the happiness of Japanese university students

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2019

Background Besides research on psychiatric diseases related to problematic Internet use (PIU), a ... more Background Besides research on psychiatric diseases related to problematic Internet use (PIU), a growing number of studies focus on the impact of Internet on subjective well-being (SWB). However, in previous studies on the relationship between PIU and SWB, there is little data for Japanese people specifically, and there is a lack of consideration for differences in perception of happiness due to cultural differences. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how happiness is interdependent on PIU measures, with a focus on how the concept of happiness is interpreted among Japanese people, and specifically among Japanese university students. Methods A paper-based survey was conducted with 1258 Japanese university students. Respondents were asked to fill out self-report scales regarding their happiness using the Interdependent Happiness Scale (IHS). The relationship between IHS and Internet use (Japanese version of the Internet addiction test, JIAT), use of social networking services, as well as ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Cultural Psychological Study on Eating Behavior (2): Eating Behavior and Attitude of Japanese Vegetarians toward Foods

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association, 2018

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Family Matters: Rethinking the Psychology of Human Social Motivation

What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, espe... more What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, especially those adopting an evolutionary perspective, have devoted a great deal of research attention to sexual attraction and romantic partner choice (mate-seeking). Research on long-term familial bonds (mate retention and kin care) has been less thoroughly connected to relevant comparative and evolutionary work on other species, and in the case of kin care, less well researched. Examining varied sources of data from 27 societies around the world, we found that people generally view familial motives as primary in importance, and mate-seeking motives as relatively low in importance. College students, single people, and males place relatively higher emphasis on mate-seeking, but even those samples rated kin care motives as more important. Further, motives linked to long-term familial bonds are positively associated with psychological well-being, but mate-seeking motives are associated with a...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Differences in Compassion, Well-being, and Social Anxiety Between Japan and the USA

Mindfulness, 2018

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Farming cultivates a community-level shared culture through collective activities: Examining contextual effects with multilevel analyses

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2018

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Cross-cultural invariances in the architecture of shame

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Sep 10, 2018

Human foragers are obligately group-living, and their high dependence on mutual aid is believed t... more Human foragers are obligately group-living, and their high dependence on mutual aid is believed to have characterized our species' social evolution. It was therefore a central adaptive problem for our ancestors to avoid damaging the willingness of other group members to render them assistance. Cognitively, this requires a predictive map of the degree to which others would devalue the individual based on each of various possible acts. With such a map, an individual can avoid socially costly behaviors by anticipating how much audience devaluation a potential action (e.g., stealing) would cause and weigh this against the action's direct payoff (e.g., acquiring). The shame system manifests all of the functional properties required to solve this adaptive problem, with the aversive intensity of shame encoding the social cost. Previous data from three Western(ized) societies indicated that the shame evoked when the individual anticipates committing various acts closely tracks the m...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Invariances in the architecture of pride across small-scale societies

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug 1, 2018

Becoming valuable to fellow group members so that one would attract assistance in times of need i... more Becoming valuable to fellow group members so that one would attract assistance in times of need is a major adaptive problem. To solve it, the individual needs a predictive map of the degree to which others value different acts so that, in choosing how to act, the payoff arising from others' valuation of a potential action (e.g., showing bandmates that one is a skilled forager by pursuing a hard-to-acquire prey item) can be added to the direct payoff of the action (e.g., gaining the nutrients of the prey captured). The pride system seems to incorporate all of the elements necessary to solve this adaptive problem. Importantly, data from western(-ized), educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies indicate close quantitative correspondences between pride and the valuations of audiences. Do those results generalize beyond industrial mass societies? To find out, we conducted an experiment among 567 participants in 10 small-scale societies scattered across Central ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Cross-cultural invariance of NPI-13: Entitlement as culturally specific, leadership and grandiosity as culturally universal

International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, Jan 15, 2018

The current study explores the problem with the lack of measurement invariance for the Narcissist... more The current study explores the problem with the lack of measurement invariance for the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) by addressing two issues: conceptual heterogeneity of narcissism and methodological issues related to the binary character of data. We examine the measurement invariance of the 13-item version of the NPI in three populations in Japan, Poland and the UK. Analyses revealed that leadership/authority and grandiose exhibitionism dimensions of the NPI were cross-culturally invariant, while entitlement/exploitativeness was culturally specific. Therefore, we proposed NPI-9 as indicating scalar invariance, and we examined the pattern of correlations between NPI-9 and other variables across three countries. The results suggest that NPI-9 is valid brief scale measuring general levels of narcissism in cross-cultural studies, while the NPI-13 remains suitable for research within specific countries.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Social Status and Culture on Delay Discounting

Japanese Psychological Research, 2017

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Do You Always Choose What You Like? Subtle Social Cues Increase Preference-Choice Consistency among Japanese But Not among Americans

Frontiers in Psychology, 2017

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Envy and School Bullying in the Japanese Cultural Context

Envy at Work and in Organizations, 2016

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of To Accept One's Fate or Be Its Master: Culture, Control, and Workplace Choice

Frontiers in psychology, 2016

Utilizing three student (Study 1) and non-student samples (Study 2), we examined cultural differe... more Utilizing three student (Study 1) and non-student samples (Study 2), we examined cultural differences in workplace choice for North Americans, Germans, and Japanese. We focused on the desire for control as a potential mediator (i.e., the underlying mechanism) to explain cultural differences in this important life decision. Given culturally divergent embodiments of independent vs. interdependent models of agency, we expected and found that, compared to North Americans and Germans, Japanese were more likely to prefer a workplace with a payment system that maintains social order rather than one that rewards individual achievement. Furthermore, we found that Japanese tend to give greater consideration to family opinions in their choice of workplace. As predicted, desire for control (i.e., the motivation to have control over various events) was stronger for North Americans and Germans than Japanese, and explained cultural differences in choice of workplace.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact