Nadia Kamaruddin | Kyoto University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Nadia Kamaruddin

Research paper thumbnail of Performance Monitoring on Using Reactive Perlis Rice Husk Ash as Partial Mortar Replacement

Key Engineering Materials

Cement industry is a major carbon dioxide emission contributor, which could be reduced by impleme... more Cement industry is a major carbon dioxide emission contributor, which could be reduced by implementing supplementary cementitious materials. Rice husk ash (RHA) exhibits high pozzolanic characteristics when properly produced using controlled incineration. In this study, rice husk (RH) collected from rice milling industry in Perlis, Malaysia was burned at 650 °C for 1 hour. The completed burning process produced dark-grey 78 μm sized amorphous ash particles containing almost 89% silica content. To understand the compressive strength in early age mortar, varying composition of RHA between 5 to 20% was purposely replaced with OPC. It was found that replacing RHA at 5% produced the highest strength followed by RHA replacement up to 15% in relation to the conventional OPC mortar. However, adding up to 20 % results in a steep decrease in the compressive strength due to the densification and space ratio factors in the mortar. In addition, the environmental performance of 20% RHA mixture we...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment on Optimal Level of Reactive Biosilica Affected by Incineration Conditions in Perlis Rice Husk Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete

Key Engineering Materials

Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste transformed to produce secondary by-products and is widel... more Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste transformed to produce secondary by-products and is widely accepted as a substitution of cement or concrete mixtures. This paper deals with the optimal level of SiO2 content due to various incineration conditions of rice husk grown in Perlis, Malaysia. RH was burnt in a controlled environment with a targeted temperature of 650, 750 and 850 °C at various incineration period between 1 and 6 h. All the ashes were assessed for visual inspection and physiochemical and mineralogical properties using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). From the analysis, a significant amount of SiO2 in the range of 89–93 wt % was successfully obtained with the preferable properties of supplementary cementitious materials: amorphous silica with high reactivity, ultrafine size, and large surface area. Contrary, the burning temperature of 850 °C greater than 4 h incineration period is not advisable to be used as it transformed into a crystalline phase....

Research paper thumbnail of Durability and Seismic Resistance of an Aged Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Based on Field Inspections and Laboratory Testing

Precast prestressed concrete (PCaPC) moment-resisting frames have been applied to building constr... more Precast prestressed concrete (PCaPC) moment-resisting frames have been applied to building constructions over 60 years in Japan. A concern recently arises about the serviceability and the seismic capacity of such existing building structures, which have often been hit by earthquakes or exposed to severe corrosion-prone environment. In this research, the former City Hall of Nandan Town in Awaji Island has been selected as a case study, which was built in 1957 as the first Japanese building using PCaPC beams. Because of its close location to the coast, the target building is considered to be exposed to a severe environment. Moreover, it was severely shaken by the Kobe earthquake in 1995, although noticeable damage was not reported by an inspection carried out several months after the earthquake. Since then several moderate earthquakes have hit it. This paper introduces the building, and describes the results of field inspection, corrosion and strength test results on concrete samples ...

Research paper thumbnail of Efficiency of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection in Repaired Reinforced Concrete

—Corrosion attack in reinforced concrete and thus contribute to degradation of concrete influence... more —Corrosion attack in reinforced concrete and thus contribute to degradation of concrete influenced by aggressive environment, represent a great concern in relation to the durability of reinforced concrete structures. In this respect, an interesting need is required that is patch repair with additional protection known as ICCP method to prolong the serviceability of the concrete structures. However, details inspection is crucial to understand the effect of different repairing materials and chloride content towards application of ICCP. To clarify this issue, non-protected and protected test specimens were prepared, and analyzed up to 175 days of protection. The result reveals that, reference specimen was found as most corroded specimen unable to obtain 100 mV depolarization at 56 days installation compared to repaired ones. However, all specimens show only greater depolarization values beyond 129 days of installation. To clarity further effectiveness of ICCP system to the studied specimens, time-dependence within 24 hours disconnecting CP current has been carried out and depolarization values was recorded every 4 hours interval. In the final analysis, all specimens are satisfying the CP criteria by obtaining depolarization potential ranging 100 to 250 mV at 4 and 24 hours monitoring period. Index Terms— corrosion attacks, reinforced concrete, repaired concrete, repairing materials, impressed current

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

Abstract. Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Mal... more Abstract. Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To date, the FM player only provided services sufficiently without the desires to enhance their services by taking into account the standard of practice which should form the basis. The extent of the services in Facilities Management based companies in Malaysia is not known and this paper aimed to identify within the context. The scope of study is limited to respondents in Klang Valley area. Literature review is used as a basis and questionnaires survey distributed to 20 companies, representing 56% of the total FM companies in Klang Valley are used to capture the data. The senior management level is assessed to represent. The results revealed that the implementation of facilities management services is limited, but still evolving. The majority of the FM based companies provides facilities services under the category of building operation and maintenance as their core business and ...

Research paper thumbnail of 2017 Fédération Internationale du Béton / International Federation for Structural Concrete (<i>fib</i>) Symposium

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2014

Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To ... more Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To date, the FM player only provided services sufficiently without the desires to enhance their services by taking into account the standard of practices which should form the basis. the extent of the services in FM based companies in Malaysia is not known and this paper aimed to identify within the context. the scope of study is limited to respondents in Klang Valley area. Literature review is used as a basis and questionnaires survey distributed to 20 companies, representing 56% of the total FM companies in Klang Valley, are used to capture the data. the senior management level is assessed to represent. the results revealed that the implementation of FM services is limited, but still evolving. the majority of the FM based companies provides facilities services under the category of building operation and maintenance as their core business and procured them in-house. the core services comprise of Mechanical &amp; Electrical System, Cleaning, HVAC System, Plumbing &amp; Sewerage system, Fire Protection, Landscape, Lifts and Escalator, Security &amp; Safety, Parking Management, Consultancy &amp; Advisory Services, Waste Management, ICT System, Pest Control, Energy Management &amp; Conservation, Building Audit Services, Customer Care Management, Transition Management, and Catering &amp; Vending services. Based on what FM can offer, there is the necessity to reinforce the awareness to ensure continuously improve the management of national asset and facilities.

Research paper thumbnail of Performance Monitoring on Using Reactive Perlis Rice Husk Ash as Partial Mortar Replacement

Key Engineering Materials

Cement industry is a major carbon dioxide emission contributor, which could be reduced by impleme... more Cement industry is a major carbon dioxide emission contributor, which could be reduced by implementing supplementary cementitious materials. Rice husk ash (RHA) exhibits high pozzolanic characteristics when properly produced using controlled incineration. In this study, rice husk (RH) collected from rice milling industry in Perlis, Malaysia was burned at 650 °C for 1 hour. The completed burning process produced dark-grey 78 μm sized amorphous ash particles containing almost 89% silica content. To understand the compressive strength in early age mortar, varying composition of RHA between 5 to 20% was purposely replaced with OPC. It was found that replacing RHA at 5% produced the highest strength followed by RHA replacement up to 15% in relation to the conventional OPC mortar. However, adding up to 20 % results in a steep decrease in the compressive strength due to the densification and space ratio factors in the mortar. In addition, the environmental performance of 20% RHA mixture we...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment on Optimal Level of Reactive Biosilica Affected by Incineration Conditions in Perlis Rice Husk Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete

Key Engineering Materials

Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste transformed to produce secondary by-products and is widel... more Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste transformed to produce secondary by-products and is widely accepted as a substitution of cement or concrete mixtures. This paper deals with the optimal level of SiO2 content due to various incineration conditions of rice husk grown in Perlis, Malaysia. RH was burnt in a controlled environment with a targeted temperature of 650, 750 and 850 °C at various incineration period between 1 and 6 h. All the ashes were assessed for visual inspection and physiochemical and mineralogical properties using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). From the analysis, a significant amount of SiO2 in the range of 89–93 wt % was successfully obtained with the preferable properties of supplementary cementitious materials: amorphous silica with high reactivity, ultrafine size, and large surface area. Contrary, the burning temperature of 850 °C greater than 4 h incineration period is not advisable to be used as it transformed into a crystalline phase....

Research paper thumbnail of Durability and Seismic Resistance of an Aged Precast Prestressed Concrete Building Based on Field Inspections and Laboratory Testing

Precast prestressed concrete (PCaPC) moment-resisting frames have been applied to building constr... more Precast prestressed concrete (PCaPC) moment-resisting frames have been applied to building constructions over 60 years in Japan. A concern recently arises about the serviceability and the seismic capacity of such existing building structures, which have often been hit by earthquakes or exposed to severe corrosion-prone environment. In this research, the former City Hall of Nandan Town in Awaji Island has been selected as a case study, which was built in 1957 as the first Japanese building using PCaPC beams. Because of its close location to the coast, the target building is considered to be exposed to a severe environment. Moreover, it was severely shaken by the Kobe earthquake in 1995, although noticeable damage was not reported by an inspection carried out several months after the earthquake. Since then several moderate earthquakes have hit it. This paper introduces the building, and describes the results of field inspection, corrosion and strength test results on concrete samples ...

Research paper thumbnail of Efficiency of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection in Repaired Reinforced Concrete

—Corrosion attack in reinforced concrete and thus contribute to degradation of concrete influence... more —Corrosion attack in reinforced concrete and thus contribute to degradation of concrete influenced by aggressive environment, represent a great concern in relation to the durability of reinforced concrete structures. In this respect, an interesting need is required that is patch repair with additional protection known as ICCP method to prolong the serviceability of the concrete structures. However, details inspection is crucial to understand the effect of different repairing materials and chloride content towards application of ICCP. To clarify this issue, non-protected and protected test specimens were prepared, and analyzed up to 175 days of protection. The result reveals that, reference specimen was found as most corroded specimen unable to obtain 100 mV depolarization at 56 days installation compared to repaired ones. However, all specimens show only greater depolarization values beyond 129 days of installation. To clarity further effectiveness of ICCP system to the studied specimens, time-dependence within 24 hours disconnecting CP current has been carried out and depolarization values was recorded every 4 hours interval. In the final analysis, all specimens are satisfying the CP criteria by obtaining depolarization potential ranging 100 to 250 mV at 4 and 24 hours monitoring period. Index Terms— corrosion attacks, reinforced concrete, repaired concrete, repairing materials, impressed current

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

Abstract. Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Mal... more Abstract. Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To date, the FM player only provided services sufficiently without the desires to enhance their services by taking into account the standard of practice which should form the basis. The extent of the services in Facilities Management based companies in Malaysia is not known and this paper aimed to identify within the context. The scope of study is limited to respondents in Klang Valley area. Literature review is used as a basis and questionnaires survey distributed to 20 companies, representing 56% of the total FM companies in Klang Valley are used to capture the data. The senior management level is assessed to represent. The results revealed that the implementation of facilities management services is limited, but still evolving. The majority of the FM based companies provides facilities services under the category of building operation and maintenance as their core business and ...

Research paper thumbnail of 2017 Fédération Internationale du Béton / International Federation for Structural Concrete (<i>fib</i>) Symposium

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of The Core Services of the Facilities Management Based Company in Malaysia

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2014

Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To ... more Many questions rose on defining the implementation of Facilities Management (FM) in Malaysia. To date, the FM player only provided services sufficiently without the desires to enhance their services by taking into account the standard of practices which should form the basis. the extent of the services in FM based companies in Malaysia is not known and this paper aimed to identify within the context. the scope of study is limited to respondents in Klang Valley area. Literature review is used as a basis and questionnaires survey distributed to 20 companies, representing 56% of the total FM companies in Klang Valley, are used to capture the data. the senior management level is assessed to represent. the results revealed that the implementation of FM services is limited, but still evolving. the majority of the FM based companies provides facilities services under the category of building operation and maintenance as their core business and procured them in-house. the core services comprise of Mechanical &amp; Electrical System, Cleaning, HVAC System, Plumbing &amp; Sewerage system, Fire Protection, Landscape, Lifts and Escalator, Security &amp; Safety, Parking Management, Consultancy &amp; Advisory Services, Waste Management, ICT System, Pest Control, Energy Management &amp; Conservation, Building Audit Services, Customer Care Management, Transition Management, and Catering &amp; Vending services. Based on what FM can offer, there is the necessity to reinforce the awareness to ensure continuously improve the management of national asset and facilities.