Adetunji Adeniji | Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (original) (raw)

Papers by Adetunji Adeniji

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

ABSTRACT 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of ... more ABSTRACT 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of labour), intervention following PROM, eventual mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. Results: A total of 2340 deliveries were recorded in the study period and 92 cases of PROM were on record for the period. However, only 74 PROM cases were included in the study, due to incomplete information. Incidence of PROM was therefore 3.9%. Length of latency period had a direct influence on the number of patients that went into spontaneous labour (P = 0.012) and subsequent vaginal delivery (P = 0.021). Induction of labour did not increase rate of caesarean section (P = 0.449) and had no effect on neonatal outcome (P = 0.239). Conclusion: Acceptable approach for the management of PROM at and beyond 34 weeks would be expectant management for the 1 st 24 hours and induction of labor afterwards in patients who have not progressed into spontaneous labour. Expectant management in the extended latency period in the late preterm PROM group is associated with increased NICU admission (OR 7.33, 95% C.I 2.45 – 21.98); however, this did not affect duration of NICU stay or neonatal mortality.

Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2008

This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria a... more This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria aims to identify the incidence, severity and obstetric factors predisposing to feto -maternal haemorrhage (FMH) in our population. The exclusion criteria were haemoglobinopathy and patient's refusal of consent to participate in the study. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer -Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula . Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, RhD and haemoglobin electrophoresis, route/mode of delivery, duration of labour, obstetric interventions, fetal blood group and birth weight. Data generated were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 11 software. Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and correlations were performed. Pearson's correlation was applied to continuous variables, while Spearman's correlation was utilised for discrete variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p 5 0.05. A total of 163 parturients were studied, of which eight were multifetal gestations. There were no significant differences in maternal age, parity, estimated gestational age at delivery and birth weight, in both groups of parturients with and without FMH. A total of 17 parturients (10.43%), four of which were multifetal gestations (2.45%), had demonstrable FMH. Large FMH (415 ml fetal cells) were noted in 10 (6.14%) parturients, of which, four were RhD-negative mothers. A total of 9.8% and 11.5% parturients in the vaginal and caesarean delivery groups, respectively, had significant FMH (p ¼ 0.736). Incidence of large FMH was similar with each of the routes of delivery. Antepartum complications of pregnancy, delivery manoeuvres and episiotomy were not significant determinants of FMH. Multiple gestations, fetal birth weight and complications in labour were significantly associated with risk of FMH. Risk-based approach to management, in RhD negative pregnant women, might lead to under-treatment, with attendant increased incidence of isoimmunisation. At least in all RhD-negative women, the cord blood should be tested to determine the baby's blood group and if RhD-positive, Kleihauer -Betke test should be done to determine the degree of FMH and anti-D immunoglobulin dose administered appropriately. Further studies are necessary to establish the determinants/risk factors for FMH.

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2012

PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR... more PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has modified the natural history of HIV infection by reducing both peripartal and neonatal HIV infections, but the pattern of the immunologic responses of these pregnant women to HAART remains speculative. It is hoped from this study, to describe the pattern of immunologic response of naïve, HIV positive pregnant women on their first initiation on HAART.

The Nigerian medical practitioner

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2013

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2012

PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR... more PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has modified the natural history of HIV infection by reducing both peripartal and neonatal HIV infections, but the pattern of the immunologic responses of these pregnant women to HAART remains speculative. It is hoped from this study, to describe the pattern of immunologic response of naïve, HIV positive pregnant women on their first initiation on HAART.

West African journal of medicine

Visual challenges compromise mobility, increase dependency on family members and constitute a maj... more Visual challenges compromise mobility, increase dependency on family members and constitute a major health problem mainly seen by the primary care physicians among the elderly. However, there is little information on the pattern of visual problems of elderly patients attending the primary care clinics in Nigeria. To describe the visual problems among elderly subjects in a hospital setting. Five hundred consecutive patients (311 females and 189 males) aged 60 years and above were interviewed using a structured questionnaire based on the World Organization of Family Doctors (Wonca) format between September 2004 and April 2005. The main outcome measurements were sociodemographic characteristics, visual acuity and ocular problems. The main visual problems reported by the elderly were impaired vision 224 (44.8%) and abnormal sensations in the eyes 64 (12.8%). Cataract 198 (39.7%) was the commonest eye disorder diagnosed by the Family Physician, followed by pterygium 32 (6.4%). Assessment...

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2005

ABSTRACT C-reactive protein, alpha–2-macroglobulin, transferrin and bacteraemia were studied in w... more ABSTRACT C-reactive protein, alpha–2-macroglobulin, transferrin and bacteraemia were studied in women with recurrent abortion and compared with the pregnant women as well as non-pregnant women with no history of abortion (controls). The results showed a significantly reduced level of transferrin but significantly raised levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin and C-reactive protein in the pregnant women with recurrent abortion (P+R) compared with pregnant women without recurrent abortion (P-R) or the controls. Four genera of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Klebsiella species and Clostridium perfringes) were isolated from the blood of women with recurrent abortion while there were 2 genera of bacteria (S. aureus and Strept. Agalactiae) were isolated from the blood of pregnant women without recurrent abortion. This study had shown that inflammation and bacterial infection contribute to spontaneous recurrent abortion.African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology Vol. 6 (3) 2005: 203-207

International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2013

Purpose: To compare the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status in women with pr... more Purpose: To compare the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status in women with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy in our environment. Materials & Methods: This was a 3-year, cross-sectional, case control study of 100 preeclamptic and 200 normotensive pregnant women at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by our Institutional Ethical Review Committee and all participants gave their consent. The fasting serum of recruited patients were analysed for Malondialdehyde (MDA) with rapid, sensitive and specific Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) assay, while the Total Antioxidant status (TAS) was determined using the capacity of the biological fluids to inhibit the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) from sodium benzoate under the influence of the free oxygen radicals derived from Fenton's reaction. Results: The mean serum MDA was significantly higher in the preeclamptic group (2.96 nmol/ mL) than the value recorded (1.23 nmol/mL) in the control group (P = 0.0001). Conversely, significantly lower mean TAS (0.46 nmol/mL vs 0.62 nmol/mL) was noticed in the preeclamptic group (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The study showed significant increase in lipid peroxidation and failure of compensatory antioxidant functions in preeclamptic pregnant Nigerian women.

Journal of Aids and Hiv Research, Jul 31, 2013

The reproductive health needs of sero-discordant couples are issues of concerns, especially in vi... more The reproductive health needs of sero-discordant couples are issues of concerns, especially in view of high cost of various assisted conception methods in the low-resource economies. Often times, many of these couples resort to un-informed and unsafe practices of unprotected heterosexual intercourse, leading to human immune deficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. The magnitude of the health burden of these populations in Nigeria and other developing economies are currently not fully determined. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in conjunction with other HIV prevention strategies provides the only veritable and possibly safe mean of achieving their reproductive desire. This is a cohort study of 42 HIV-1 sero-discordant male partners of known HIV-1 positive women who were desirous of conception. All the male participants recruited were aware of their female partners' status, had their HIV status determined by fourth generation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit and were HIV negative, but declined the offer of assisted conception. The HIV positive women were all on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Thirty sero-discordant partners were sequentially and equally randomised into the two treatment groups [TDF and daily tenofovi/emtricitabine (TDF-FTC)], while 12 participants who declined PrEp made up the control group. In resource constraint settings, where assisted conception methods are either unacceptable, declined or un-affordable to male serodiscordant couples in heterosexual relationships, pre-exposure prophylaxis, preferably oral daily tenofovir-emtricitabine combination may be considered in addition to other HIV prevention strategies and timed sexual exposure, towards achieving safe reproductive health needs.

Background Early identification of HIV status as well as necessary interventions, Partners of PLW... more Background Early identification of HIV status as well as necessary interventions, Partners of PLWHA might soon become HIV sero-positives. This will thereby worsen the disease burden. Objectives To determine the prevalence and pattern of HIV sero-discordance at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria. Methods Spouses of HIV reactive patients at Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital (PMTCT & HIV Day care clinic) were counselled and made to undergo voluntary testing for HIV, using Unigold® (Trinity Biotech Plc. Bray, Ireland) and determine® strips (Alere Medical Company Limited, Japan) to screening for HIV antibodies, with stat® pack (Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc. USA) as a tie-breaker. Data was analysed with the use of SPSS. Results Of the 356 participants, a total of 166 (46.7%) were males. Fifty-four (28.4%) of these females were pregnant. Among the participants, 216 (60.7%) were non-reactive and 140 (39.3%) were HIV reactive with the test strips. Of the non...

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 2015

Background: Abortion complications constitute 13% of maternal deaths worldwide and 40% of materna... more Background: Abortion complications constitute 13% of maternal deaths worldwide and 40% of maternal deaths in Nigeria, while 80% of patients with abortion complications are adolescents. Aims: Assessing the adolescents ' knowledge and attitude and the determinants of their sexual activities and contraceptive usage. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among high school students of Ogbomoso -a semi-urban settlement. Stratified multistage randomization was used to select one high school from each of five local government areas of the study site. Students were interviewed with pretested questionnaire to sought information on demographic status, family type, knowledge of sexuality, and contraceptive usages. Results: The age range of the respondents was 10 -19 years with mean ± SD age 13.7 ± 1.9 years. Among them, 6.5% were sexually active. Of the respondents, 56.8% scored good knowledge about sexuality and contraception and 57.5% respondents had good attitude to contraception. Age (p = 0.004) and father ' s education (p = 0.001) were factors associated with knowledge about sexuality and contraception, while mothers ' occupation (p = 0.02) and fathers ' occupation (p = 0.001) and education (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with positive attitude toward contraception. Conclusion: This study revealed that a significant percentage of the studied adolescents had poor knowledge and attitude toward contraception, and many of the sexually active respondents had inaccurate knowledge on the use of contraceptives and where it could be obtained.

Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences, 2013

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) or postcoital contraception has the potential to reduce ... more Background: Emergency contraception (EC) or postcoital contraception has the potential to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies and thus the abortion rate. Tertiary institutions' students are a unique group with very high social interaction, but by virtue of their level of education, probably forms a group in any community, which should have an overall higher level of awareness and use of available methods of contraception, including that of EC. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude toward EC, and as well to determine the prevalence of emergency contraceptive use among the students of tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study using the self-administered structured questionnaire on questions relating to the socio-demographic characteristics of the students, sexual relations, knowledge of contraception in general and EC, use and determinants of EC use. Results: A total of 384 of the 400 questionnaire were returned of which male respondents were178/384 (46.4%) while the females were 206/384 (53.6%). Two hundred and seven respondents 207/384 (53.9%) were university students, while 177/384 (46.1%) were polytechnic students. Most respondent 142/376 (37.8%) derived knowledge of EC from friends and family life education from school 186/373 (49.9%). More than half of respondents are in sexual relationships, with only 71/384 (18.5%) showing good knowledge of EC. However, use of EC was 106/384 (27.6%). Conclusion: Most tertiary institutions' students are involved in a sexual relationship, have poor knowledge of EC and use of EC also. Formal family life education, partner approval, and previous use of EC encourage further use. There is a need for carefully designed education programs and promotion of family life education with deliberate awareness on safe sex practices, including EC in existing students' health enlightenment programs on campuses.

Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2002

Context: Twinning being a very important high-risk condition in our environment requires detailed... more Context: Twinning being a very important high-risk condition in our environment requires detailed study. There are several studies reviewing factors in twin perinatal mortality in our environment but there is a need to ascertain the relative contributions of each of these factors.

Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2008

This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria a... more This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria aims to identify the incidence, severity and obstetric factors predisposing to feto -maternal haemorrhage (FMH) in our population. The exclusion criteria were haemoglobinopathy and patient's refusal of consent to participate in the study. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer -Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula . Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, RhD and haemoglobin electrophoresis, route/mode of delivery, duration of labour, obstetric interventions, fetal blood group and birth weight. Data generated were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 11 software. Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and correlations were performed. Pearson's correlation was applied to continuous variables, while Spearman's correlation was utilised for discrete variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p 5 0.05. A total of 163 parturients were studied, of which eight were multifetal gestations. There were no significant differences in maternal age, parity, estimated gestational age at delivery and birth weight, in both groups of parturients with and without FMH. A total of 17 parturients (10.43%), four of which were multifetal gestations (2.45%), had demonstrable FMH. Large FMH (415 ml fetal cells) were noted in 10 (6.14%) parturients, of which, four were RhD-negative mothers. A total of 9.8% and 11.5% parturients in the vaginal and caesarean delivery groups, respectively, had significant FMH (p ¼ 0.736). Incidence of large FMH was similar with each of the routes of delivery. Antepartum complications of pregnancy, delivery manoeuvres and episiotomy were not significant determinants of FMH. Multiple gestations, fetal birth weight and complications in labour were significantly associated with risk of FMH. Risk-based approach to management, in RhD negative pregnant women, might lead to under-treatment, with attendant increased incidence of isoimmunisation. At least in all RhD-negative women, the cord blood should be tested to determine the baby's blood group and if RhD-positive, Kleihauer -Betke test should be done to determine the degree of FMH and anti-D immunoglobulin dose administered appropriately. Further studies are necessary to establish the determinants/risk factors for FMH.

International Journal of General Medicine, 2013

Purpose: To determine whether low dose aspirin has any deleterious effects on renal function in e... more Purpose: To determine whether low dose aspirin has any deleterious effects on renal function in elderly patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study of 30 Nigerians older than 60 years with various chronic ailments necessitating the use of low dose aspirin. Patients gave their consent, and institutional ethical clearance was obtained. Each patient's baseline samples at enrolment (before commencing aspirin use) served as a control, and subsequent weekly samples were compared. The weekly mean of each parameter was calculated, and the differences of means from baseline were determined, and values were compared for statistical differences with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16. Results: We found that a majority of patients (86.67%) had basal renal functions at chronic kidney disease stages 1 and 2. When compared with the corresponding baseline parameters, the mean weekly serum and urinary electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and uric acid parameters did not change, and the P-value did not show any statistical significance. However, there was positive statistical significance for the creatinine clearance (P = 0.025). Also, unlike in previous studies, anemia and hypoalbuminemia did not affect the renal function parameters. Conclusion: This study did not show any deleterious effects with short-term, low dose (75 mg daily) aspirin use on kidney functions in elderly patients. However, caution should be exercised when dealing with patients in renal stages 3-5 and the very elderly, aged $ 80 years.

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

To compare the neonatal outcome in patients 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (t... more To compare the neonatal outcome in patients 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of labour), intervention following PROM, eventual mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. Results: A total of 2340 deliveries were recorded in the study period and 92 cases of PROM were on record for the period. However, only 74 PROM cases were included in the study, due to incomplete information. Incidence of PROM was therefore 3.9%. Length of latency period had a direct influence on the number of patients that went into spontaneous labour (P = 0.012) and subsequent vaginal delivery (P = 0.021). Induction of labour did not increase rate of caesarean section (P = 0.449) and had no effect on neonatal outcome (P = 0.239).

The Nigerian medical practitioner

South African Family Practice, 2013

ABSTRACT Objectives: Abortion is associated with significant healthproblem with short- and long-t... more ABSTRACT Objectives: Abortion is associated with significant healthproblem with short- and long-term complications that affect the quality of life of those who are fortunate enough to escape mortality. This study evaluated the population of patients with complications of abortion, identified the abortion providers and the pattern of contraceptive usage in these patients managed in our hospital, and suggests strategies on the required heath intervention.Design: The design was a descriptive study of cases of abortions with complications.Setting and subjects: We reviewed all (225) cases of abortions with complications managed at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria, over a five-year period.Outcome measures: Records of patients managed for abortion-related complications were retrieved, data were extracted and analysis was carried out for socio-demographic factors and other abortion-related characteristics.Results: The study showed a more common occurrence of abortions among middle-aged (64.4%), multiparous (53.3%) women with a low socio-economic background (62.6%), and they were performed mostly by medical doctors in private settings (37.8%). The low usage of contraception (11.1%) was of significance.Conclusion: This study provided considerable insight into the complications of abortion in a tertiary institution in Nigeria. Most of the patients were aware of contraception, but usage, which mainly constituted emergency contraception, was low. Despite prophylactic antibiotics, sepsis was the most common observed complication. Healthcare intervention should be re-focused through the encouragement of the adoption of effective methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Healthcare providers should re-appraise their antibiotics regimen.

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

ABSTRACT 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of ... more ABSTRACT 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of labour), intervention following PROM, eventual mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. Results: A total of 2340 deliveries were recorded in the study period and 92 cases of PROM were on record for the period. However, only 74 PROM cases were included in the study, due to incomplete information. Incidence of PROM was therefore 3.9%. Length of latency period had a direct influence on the number of patients that went into spontaneous labour (P = 0.012) and subsequent vaginal delivery (P = 0.021). Induction of labour did not increase rate of caesarean section (P = 0.449) and had no effect on neonatal outcome (P = 0.239). Conclusion: Acceptable approach for the management of PROM at and beyond 34 weeks would be expectant management for the 1 st 24 hours and induction of labor afterwards in patients who have not progressed into spontaneous labour. Expectant management in the extended latency period in the late preterm PROM group is associated with increased NICU admission (OR 7.33, 95% C.I 2.45 – 21.98); however, this did not affect duration of NICU stay or neonatal mortality.

Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2008

This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria a... more This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria aims to identify the incidence, severity and obstetric factors predisposing to feto -maternal haemorrhage (FMH) in our population. The exclusion criteria were haemoglobinopathy and patient's refusal of consent to participate in the study. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer -Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula . Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, RhD and haemoglobin electrophoresis, route/mode of delivery, duration of labour, obstetric interventions, fetal blood group and birth weight. Data generated were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 11 software. Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and correlations were performed. Pearson's correlation was applied to continuous variables, while Spearman's correlation was utilised for discrete variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p 5 0.05. A total of 163 parturients were studied, of which eight were multifetal gestations. There were no significant differences in maternal age, parity, estimated gestational age at delivery and birth weight, in both groups of parturients with and without FMH. A total of 17 parturients (10.43%), four of which were multifetal gestations (2.45%), had demonstrable FMH. Large FMH (415 ml fetal cells) were noted in 10 (6.14%) parturients, of which, four were RhD-negative mothers. A total of 9.8% and 11.5% parturients in the vaginal and caesarean delivery groups, respectively, had significant FMH (p ¼ 0.736). Incidence of large FMH was similar with each of the routes of delivery. Antepartum complications of pregnancy, delivery manoeuvres and episiotomy were not significant determinants of FMH. Multiple gestations, fetal birth weight and complications in labour were significantly associated with risk of FMH. Risk-based approach to management, in RhD negative pregnant women, might lead to under-treatment, with attendant increased incidence of isoimmunisation. At least in all RhD-negative women, the cord blood should be tested to determine the baby's blood group and if RhD-positive, Kleihauer -Betke test should be done to determine the degree of FMH and anti-D immunoglobulin dose administered appropriately. Further studies are necessary to establish the determinants/risk factors for FMH.

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2012

PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR... more PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has modified the natural history of HIV infection by reducing both peripartal and neonatal HIV infections, but the pattern of the immunologic responses of these pregnant women to HAART remains speculative. It is hoped from this study, to describe the pattern of immunologic response of naïve, HIV positive pregnant women on their first initiation on HAART.

The Nigerian medical practitioner

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2013

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2012

PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR... more PURPOSE: PMTCT interventions, especially initiation of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has modified the natural history of HIV infection by reducing both peripartal and neonatal HIV infections, but the pattern of the immunologic responses of these pregnant women to HAART remains speculative. It is hoped from this study, to describe the pattern of immunologic response of naïve, HIV positive pregnant women on their first initiation on HAART.

West African journal of medicine

Visual challenges compromise mobility, increase dependency on family members and constitute a maj... more Visual challenges compromise mobility, increase dependency on family members and constitute a major health problem mainly seen by the primary care physicians among the elderly. However, there is little information on the pattern of visual problems of elderly patients attending the primary care clinics in Nigeria. To describe the visual problems among elderly subjects in a hospital setting. Five hundred consecutive patients (311 females and 189 males) aged 60 years and above were interviewed using a structured questionnaire based on the World Organization of Family Doctors (Wonca) format between September 2004 and April 2005. The main outcome measurements were sociodemographic characteristics, visual acuity and ocular problems. The main visual problems reported by the elderly were impaired vision 224 (44.8%) and abnormal sensations in the eyes 64 (12.8%). Cataract 198 (39.7%) was the commonest eye disorder diagnosed by the Family Physician, followed by pterygium 32 (6.4%). Assessment...

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2005

ABSTRACT C-reactive protein, alpha–2-macroglobulin, transferrin and bacteraemia were studied in w... more ABSTRACT C-reactive protein, alpha–2-macroglobulin, transferrin and bacteraemia were studied in women with recurrent abortion and compared with the pregnant women as well as non-pregnant women with no history of abortion (controls). The results showed a significantly reduced level of transferrin but significantly raised levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin and C-reactive protein in the pregnant women with recurrent abortion (P+R) compared with pregnant women without recurrent abortion (P-R) or the controls. Four genera of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Klebsiella species and Clostridium perfringes) were isolated from the blood of women with recurrent abortion while there were 2 genera of bacteria (S. aureus and Strept. Agalactiae) were isolated from the blood of pregnant women without recurrent abortion. This study had shown that inflammation and bacterial infection contribute to spontaneous recurrent abortion.African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology Vol. 6 (3) 2005: 203-207

International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2013

Purpose: To compare the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status in women with pr... more Purpose: To compare the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status in women with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy in our environment. Materials & Methods: This was a 3-year, cross-sectional, case control study of 100 preeclamptic and 200 normotensive pregnant women at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by our Institutional Ethical Review Committee and all participants gave their consent. The fasting serum of recruited patients were analysed for Malondialdehyde (MDA) with rapid, sensitive and specific Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) assay, while the Total Antioxidant status (TAS) was determined using the capacity of the biological fluids to inhibit the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) from sodium benzoate under the influence of the free oxygen radicals derived from Fenton's reaction. Results: The mean serum MDA was significantly higher in the preeclamptic group (2.96 nmol/ mL) than the value recorded (1.23 nmol/mL) in the control group (P = 0.0001). Conversely, significantly lower mean TAS (0.46 nmol/mL vs 0.62 nmol/mL) was noticed in the preeclamptic group (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The study showed significant increase in lipid peroxidation and failure of compensatory antioxidant functions in preeclamptic pregnant Nigerian women.

Journal of Aids and Hiv Research, Jul 31, 2013

The reproductive health needs of sero-discordant couples are issues of concerns, especially in vi... more The reproductive health needs of sero-discordant couples are issues of concerns, especially in view of high cost of various assisted conception methods in the low-resource economies. Often times, many of these couples resort to un-informed and unsafe practices of unprotected heterosexual intercourse, leading to human immune deficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. The magnitude of the health burden of these populations in Nigeria and other developing economies are currently not fully determined. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in conjunction with other HIV prevention strategies provides the only veritable and possibly safe mean of achieving their reproductive desire. This is a cohort study of 42 HIV-1 sero-discordant male partners of known HIV-1 positive women who were desirous of conception. All the male participants recruited were aware of their female partners' status, had their HIV status determined by fourth generation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit and were HIV negative, but declined the offer of assisted conception. The HIV positive women were all on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Thirty sero-discordant partners were sequentially and equally randomised into the two treatment groups [TDF and daily tenofovi/emtricitabine (TDF-FTC)], while 12 participants who declined PrEp made up the control group. In resource constraint settings, where assisted conception methods are either unacceptable, declined or un-affordable to male serodiscordant couples in heterosexual relationships, pre-exposure prophylaxis, preferably oral daily tenofovir-emtricitabine combination may be considered in addition to other HIV prevention strategies and timed sexual exposure, towards achieving safe reproductive health needs.

Background Early identification of HIV status as well as necessary interventions, Partners of PLW... more Background Early identification of HIV status as well as necessary interventions, Partners of PLWHA might soon become HIV sero-positives. This will thereby worsen the disease burden. Objectives To determine the prevalence and pattern of HIV sero-discordance at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria. Methods Spouses of HIV reactive patients at Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital (PMTCT & HIV Day care clinic) were counselled and made to undergo voluntary testing for HIV, using Unigold® (Trinity Biotech Plc. Bray, Ireland) and determine® strips (Alere Medical Company Limited, Japan) to screening for HIV antibodies, with stat® pack (Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc. USA) as a tie-breaker. Data was analysed with the use of SPSS. Results Of the 356 participants, a total of 166 (46.7%) were males. Fifty-four (28.4%) of these females were pregnant. Among the participants, 216 (60.7%) were non-reactive and 140 (39.3%) were HIV reactive with the test strips. Of the non...

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 2015

Background: Abortion complications constitute 13% of maternal deaths worldwide and 40% of materna... more Background: Abortion complications constitute 13% of maternal deaths worldwide and 40% of maternal deaths in Nigeria, while 80% of patients with abortion complications are adolescents. Aims: Assessing the adolescents ' knowledge and attitude and the determinants of their sexual activities and contraceptive usage. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among high school students of Ogbomoso -a semi-urban settlement. Stratified multistage randomization was used to select one high school from each of five local government areas of the study site. Students were interviewed with pretested questionnaire to sought information on demographic status, family type, knowledge of sexuality, and contraceptive usages. Results: The age range of the respondents was 10 -19 years with mean ± SD age 13.7 ± 1.9 years. Among them, 6.5% were sexually active. Of the respondents, 56.8% scored good knowledge about sexuality and contraception and 57.5% respondents had good attitude to contraception. Age (p = 0.004) and father ' s education (p = 0.001) were factors associated with knowledge about sexuality and contraception, while mothers ' occupation (p = 0.02) and fathers ' occupation (p = 0.001) and education (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with positive attitude toward contraception. Conclusion: This study revealed that a significant percentage of the studied adolescents had poor knowledge and attitude toward contraception, and many of the sexually active respondents had inaccurate knowledge on the use of contraceptives and where it could be obtained.

Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences, 2013

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) or postcoital contraception has the potential to reduce ... more Background: Emergency contraception (EC) or postcoital contraception has the potential to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies and thus the abortion rate. Tertiary institutions' students are a unique group with very high social interaction, but by virtue of their level of education, probably forms a group in any community, which should have an overall higher level of awareness and use of available methods of contraception, including that of EC. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude toward EC, and as well to determine the prevalence of emergency contraceptive use among the students of tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study using the self-administered structured questionnaire on questions relating to the socio-demographic characteristics of the students, sexual relations, knowledge of contraception in general and EC, use and determinants of EC use. Results: A total of 384 of the 400 questionnaire were returned of which male respondents were178/384 (46.4%) while the females were 206/384 (53.6%). Two hundred and seven respondents 207/384 (53.9%) were university students, while 177/384 (46.1%) were polytechnic students. Most respondent 142/376 (37.8%) derived knowledge of EC from friends and family life education from school 186/373 (49.9%). More than half of respondents are in sexual relationships, with only 71/384 (18.5%) showing good knowledge of EC. However, use of EC was 106/384 (27.6%). Conclusion: Most tertiary institutions' students are involved in a sexual relationship, have poor knowledge of EC and use of EC also. Formal family life education, partner approval, and previous use of EC encourage further use. There is a need for carefully designed education programs and promotion of family life education with deliberate awareness on safe sex practices, including EC in existing students' health enlightenment programs on campuses.

Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2002

Context: Twinning being a very important high-risk condition in our environment requires detailed... more Context: Twinning being a very important high-risk condition in our environment requires detailed study. There are several studies reviewing factors in twin perinatal mortality in our environment but there is a need to ascertain the relative contributions of each of these factors.

Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2008

This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria a... more This prospective study of parturients at a tertiary health institution in south-western Nigeria aims to identify the incidence, severity and obstetric factors predisposing to feto -maternal haemorrhage (FMH) in our population. The exclusion criteria were haemoglobinopathy and patient's refusal of consent to participate in the study. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer -Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula . Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, RhD and haemoglobin electrophoresis, route/mode of delivery, duration of labour, obstetric interventions, fetal blood group and birth weight. Data generated were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 11 software. Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and correlations were performed. Pearson's correlation was applied to continuous variables, while Spearman's correlation was utilised for discrete variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p 5 0.05. A total of 163 parturients were studied, of which eight were multifetal gestations. There were no significant differences in maternal age, parity, estimated gestational age at delivery and birth weight, in both groups of parturients with and without FMH. A total of 17 parturients (10.43%), four of which were multifetal gestations (2.45%), had demonstrable FMH. Large FMH (415 ml fetal cells) were noted in 10 (6.14%) parturients, of which, four were RhD-negative mothers. A total of 9.8% and 11.5% parturients in the vaginal and caesarean delivery groups, respectively, had significant FMH (p ¼ 0.736). Incidence of large FMH was similar with each of the routes of delivery. Antepartum complications of pregnancy, delivery manoeuvres and episiotomy were not significant determinants of FMH. Multiple gestations, fetal birth weight and complications in labour were significantly associated with risk of FMH. Risk-based approach to management, in RhD negative pregnant women, might lead to under-treatment, with attendant increased incidence of isoimmunisation. At least in all RhD-negative women, the cord blood should be tested to determine the baby's blood group and if RhD-positive, Kleihauer -Betke test should be done to determine the degree of FMH and anti-D immunoglobulin dose administered appropriately. Further studies are necessary to establish the determinants/risk factors for FMH.

International Journal of General Medicine, 2013

Purpose: To determine whether low dose aspirin has any deleterious effects on renal function in e... more Purpose: To determine whether low dose aspirin has any deleterious effects on renal function in elderly patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study of 30 Nigerians older than 60 years with various chronic ailments necessitating the use of low dose aspirin. Patients gave their consent, and institutional ethical clearance was obtained. Each patient's baseline samples at enrolment (before commencing aspirin use) served as a control, and subsequent weekly samples were compared. The weekly mean of each parameter was calculated, and the differences of means from baseline were determined, and values were compared for statistical differences with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16. Results: We found that a majority of patients (86.67%) had basal renal functions at chronic kidney disease stages 1 and 2. When compared with the corresponding baseline parameters, the mean weekly serum and urinary electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and uric acid parameters did not change, and the P-value did not show any statistical significance. However, there was positive statistical significance for the creatinine clearance (P = 0.025). Also, unlike in previous studies, anemia and hypoalbuminemia did not affect the renal function parameters. Conclusion: This study did not show any deleterious effects with short-term, low dose (75 mg daily) aspirin use on kidney functions in elderly patients. However, caution should be exercised when dealing with patients in renal stages 3-5 and the very elderly, aged $ 80 years.

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

To compare the neonatal outcome in patients 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (t... more To compare the neonatal outcome in patients 1389 gestational age (EGA) at PROM, latency period (time interval from PROM to onset of labour), intervention following PROM, eventual mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. Results: A total of 2340 deliveries were recorded in the study period and 92 cases of PROM were on record for the period. However, only 74 PROM cases were included in the study, due to incomplete information. Incidence of PROM was therefore 3.9%. Length of latency period had a direct influence on the number of patients that went into spontaneous labour (P = 0.012) and subsequent vaginal delivery (P = 0.021). Induction of labour did not increase rate of caesarean section (P = 0.449) and had no effect on neonatal outcome (P = 0.239).

The Nigerian medical practitioner

South African Family Practice, 2013

ABSTRACT Objectives: Abortion is associated with significant healthproblem with short- and long-t... more ABSTRACT Objectives: Abortion is associated with significant healthproblem with short- and long-term complications that affect the quality of life of those who are fortunate enough to escape mortality. This study evaluated the population of patients with complications of abortion, identified the abortion providers and the pattern of contraceptive usage in these patients managed in our hospital, and suggests strategies on the required heath intervention.Design: The design was a descriptive study of cases of abortions with complications.Setting and subjects: We reviewed all (225) cases of abortions with complications managed at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria, over a five-year period.Outcome measures: Records of patients managed for abortion-related complications were retrieved, data were extracted and analysis was carried out for socio-demographic factors and other abortion-related characteristics.Results: The study showed a more common occurrence of abortions among middle-aged (64.4%), multiparous (53.3%) women with a low socio-economic background (62.6%), and they were performed mostly by medical doctors in private settings (37.8%). The low usage of contraception (11.1%) was of significance.Conclusion: This study provided considerable insight into the complications of abortion in a tertiary institution in Nigeria. Most of the patients were aware of contraception, but usage, which mainly constituted emergency contraception, was low. Despite prophylactic antibiotics, sepsis was the most common observed complication. Healthcare intervention should be re-focused through the encouragement of the adoption of effective methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Healthcare providers should re-appraise their antibiotics regimen.