Olusegun Afolabi | Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (original) (raw)

Papers by Olusegun Afolabi

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences, 2016

To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E on electrolyte profile and the activity of acetylch... more To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E on electrolyte profile and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Aluminium (Al) chloride exposed rats, thirty-six male rats were used for this study. The animals were randomly grouped into six (n=6); group I (Control) was given normal saline. Group II (Al only) was exposed to 20mg/kg body weight (BW) of Al. Groups III (Vitamin C only) and IV (Vitamin E only) were administered 200mg/kg BW of vitamin C and vitamin E respectively. Groups V (Al + Vit C) and VI (Al + Vit E) were exposed to 20mg/kg Al and were treated with 200mg/kg vitamin C and vitamin E respectively. Al exposure resulted in a significant (P<0.05) increase in plasma calcium and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations compared with control. The erythrocyte sodium concentration of group treated with Al alone was significantly (P<0.05) higher by 2.01folds than the control group. While the two vitamins were unable to correct the disruption in calcium homeostasis, they...

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Jan 2, 2014

Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics widely used because of their broad spectrum activity ... more Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics widely used because of their broad spectrum activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were administered to rats at therapeutic doses to evaluate their effects on plasma arylesterase activity, as well as, on hepatic advanced oxidized protein products (AOPPs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as measures of oxidative stress. Ciprofloxacin (80 mg/kg body weight) and levofloxacin (40 mg/kg body weight) were administered to male albino rats for 7 and 14 days. The data obtained demonstrated that plasma arylesterase activity was significantly decreased by both drugs with ciprofloxacin administration inhibiting the activity by 29% and 30% while Levofloxacin treatment resulted in 35% and 30% inhibition, after 7 and 14 days treatment respectively. Hepatic AOPP and MDA levels were both elevated by these antibiotics. This study supplies further evidence that fluoroquinolones at therapeutic doses promote oxidative stress.

Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent in... more Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent inorganic arsenic in drinking water

International Journal of Biological Research, 2019

Background: Taurine is a conditional essential nutrient in man, with proven antioxidant property.... more Background: Taurine is a conditional essential nutrient in man, with proven antioxidant property. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of taurine against atrazine (ATZ)-induced hepatic and renal oxidative toxicity in rats.Methods: Wistar rats were orally exposed to ATZ (1/10 LD50) alone or in combination with taurine at 1.5% w/v and 3% w/v in their drinking water for 30 days. After treatment, the liver and kidney were excised for biochemical assays by spectrophotometric methods.Results: Exposure to ATZ significantly elevated hepatic and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels when compared to control (p < 0.05). Advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) were equally increased in these tissues on exposure to ATZ. In addition, reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were markedly depleted in both organs on exposure to ATZ. Furthermore, activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were inhibited by ATZ c...

EXCLI Journal, 2012

To investigate the subchronic effect of cadmium intoxication on lipid metabolism and the inflamma... more To investigate the subchronic effect of cadmium intoxication on lipid metabolism and the inflammatory responses accompanying it, rats were administered 50 and 100 ppm cadmium through their drinking water for 7 weeks. At both concentrations, cadmium exposure resulted in significant elevation (p < 0.05) of total cholesterol and gave rise to hypertriglyceridemia in the plasma of the animals. The proinflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, were highly expressed in the animals. At the 50 ppm dose level, plasma IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased by 20 %, 87 % and 336 % respectively, while the 100 ppm dose yielded 32 %, 57 % and 470 % increases, respectively. A drastic build-up of MDA in the liver elicited by the metal led to an 85 % increase in lipid peroxidation at high dose. A 3-fold increase of lipid hydroperoxidation (LOOH) products was obtained on exposure to cadmium at 100 ppm. Cadmium caused more than a 2-fold increase in oxLDL levels at both doses tested. Paraoxona...

American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 2015

Objective: Corchorus olitorius is a household leafy vegetable with several medicinal uses. The ... more Objective: Corchorus olitorius is a household leafy vegetable with several medicinal uses. The anti-oxidative and certain biochemical indices of the methanol leaves extract in an in-vivo and in-vitro experiments were studied. Method: Phenols, Flavonoids were determined by Folin Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride assays while Hydroxyl, 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydraxyl (DPPH) radicals and Malondialdehyde levels measured using deoxyribose assay, DPPH and the reaction of Malondialdehyde with Thiobarbituric acid. Cholesterol, reduced glutathione (GSH) and enzyme assays were carried out using standardized methods. Results: Extract showed antioxidant activities as it scavenged hydroxyl, DPPH radicals and inhibited lipid peroxidation respectively in-vitro . Animals fed with extract for 21 days at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight significantly (p<0.05) decrease MDA in a concentration- dependent manner by 2.02, 1.34, 0.76 and 0.02 mg/ml respectively. However, significant increases (p...

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2016

Arsenic and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are environmentally ubiquitous and epidemiological... more Arsenic and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are environmentally ubiquitous and epidemiologically important toxic agents that millions of people are currently exposed to, worldwide. Although the adverse impact due to exposure to either arsenic or DEHP are documented, the toxicological effects of co-exposure to these agents are largely unknown. In this study, exposure to these chemicals was investigated for their effects on ATPase activities in the brain, liver and kidney of rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed daily to 100 mg L-1 arsenic via drinking water and to 100 mg DEHP kg-1 body weight in corn oil either individually or concurrently for 30 days. Toxicity was assessed by evaluating changes in body and organ weights, as well as, Na+/K+-, Ca2+-, Mg2+- and total ATPase activities in the brain, liver and kidney. Exposure to either arsenic or DEHP resulted in drastic reduction in activities of the enzymes in the compartments investigated, except in the brain where Na+/K+- and Mg2+-...

Oxidative damage is a factor in human diseases. In this study, effects of extract and fractions o... more Oxidative damage is a factor in human diseases. In this study, effects of extract and fractions of Solanium aethiopicum leaves on certain liver function indices, anti oxidative and anti-lipid peroxidation potentials were investigated. Phenols, flavonoids, antioxidative potentials, enzyme assays were determined spectrophotometrically using standardized methods. Results showed rats fed methanol extract (ME) at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight for 21 days showed significant (P<0.05) decreases in liver Malondialdehyde and cholesterol concentrations by 2.530±0.050, 1.780±0.020, 1.670±0.030, 1.480±0.040 mg/ml protein and 69.290±2.660, 46.980±2.500, 39.030±4.820, 34.650±1.660 mg/dl respectively. At these concentrations, ME exhibited significant (p<0.05) decreases in serum Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity by 3.810± 0.010, 2.380 ± 0.010, 2.020 ± 0.010 and 1.190±0.010 IU/L compared with controls (3.830 ± 0.020 IU/L). Phenols and flavonoids of ME, Ethyl acetate fraction (E...

To investigate the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) in the deviation of tissue lipid profil... more To investigate the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) in the deviation of tissue lipid profiles and ways to reduce its effect using antioxidant vitamins C and E, thirty-six male albino rats (120-150g) were divided into six groups with six rats each. Group (1) received normal saline and served as control, Group (2) was administered with AlCl 3 (20mg/kg body weight b.wt)), Group (3) was administered with vitamin C (200mg/kg b.wt), Group (4) was administered with vitamin E (200mg/kg b.wt), Groups (5) and (6) were administered aluminium (20mg/kg b.wt) along with vitamins C and E (200mg/kg b.wt) respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and organs (liver, testis, heart, kidney and brain) were harvested and used for lipid profile determination. The results showed that oral administration of aluminum significantly (p 0.05) in rats supplemented with vitamin C and vitamin E compared with control. The vitamins significantly attenuated the affected lipid levels in the tissu...

Aluminium phosphide is an oral rodenticide and insecticide that is toxic to multiple organs in no... more Aluminium phosphide is an oral rodenticide and insecticide that is toxic to multiple organs in non-target organisms with no known antidote. This study investigated aluminium phosphide-induced hematotoxicity and ovarian oxidative damage in rat and evaluated the effectiveness of hesperidin as a therapeutic agent against the toxic effects. Rats receiving a sub-lethal dose of aluminium phosphide (1.15 mg kg-1 body weight) for 30 days, exhibited significant impaired hematological parameters with distorted leucocyte and thrombocytic indices. Aluminium phosphide exposure produced macrocytic, hyperchromic anemia. The toxicity also included a reduction in the white blood cell, lymphocyte, and granulocyte counts. Ovarian oxidative stress indicators comprising malonaldehyde and lipid hydroperoxides levels were markedly increased, while the antioxidant enzymatic system was inhibited. Co-treatment with hesperidin ameliorated the aluminum phosphide-induced anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia ...

Arsenic poisoning is a major environmental event affecting millions worldwide and its treatment w... more Arsenic poisoning is a major environmental event affecting millions worldwide and its treatment with chelating agents has met with limited success. While arsenic toxicity affects multiple systems in the human body, its mode of action has not been fully elucidated. The present study therefore, investigated the possible protective effects of catechin against hepatorenal damage and dyslipidemia induced by arsenic exposure. Rats were exposed to arsenic (100 ppm) through their drinking water and were treated with catechin (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, body weight) for 30 days. Arsenic exposure resulted in liver dysfunction obvious with increased activities of the hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). This was accompanied with significant elevation of kidney function markers urea and creatinine (p < 0.05). Furthermore, arsenic caused the distortion of lipid metabolism resulting in hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceri...

Arsenic exposure has been associated with diverse diseased states, including cancer and atheroscl... more Arsenic exposure has been associated with diverse diseased states, including cancer and atherosclerosis. Changes linked with these states include heightened oxidative stress and immunological responses promoted by this intoxication. This study aimed to find the relationships between lipid peroxidation products and proinflammatory cytokines on exposure to arsenic. Method: Rats were exposed to sodium arsenite in their drinking water at doses of 50 and 100 ppm for 7 weeks. At the end of the exposure period, lipid peroxidation products and paraoxonase activity were measured spectrophotometrically while inflammatory cytokines were assayed using ELISA kits. Results: Plasma hydroperoxide levels were increased by more than 150%, while hepatic MDA concentration was raised by 2 fold at high dose of exposure. Arsenite resulted in depression of paraoxonase activity. Concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines: IL-2, IL-6 nd TNF-α were also higher a control group. Rats exposed to arsenite showed...

International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch, 2020

International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences, 2016

Heliyon, 2019

Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic pyrethroid is a common environmental toxicant owing to its wide u... more Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic pyrethroid is a common environmental toxicant owing to its wide usage as a broad-spectrum insecticide. Its exposure to non-target organisms, including man, elicits numerous adverse effects making it a major public health issue. Epicatechin (EC) has proven anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of epicatechin with regards to altered oxidative and inflammatory parameters subsequent to CYP treatment in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group served as the control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were orally treated with EC (30 mg kg À1 body weight), CYP (25 mg kg À1 body weight), and CYP plus EC, respectively. Oral administration of CYP for 14 days increased the levels of oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and advanced oxidized protein products in the liver and kidney. These were accompanied by a decrease in glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels. The activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase was increased while catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in these organs. Moreover, CYP increased plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The plasma content of the nitrative nucleic acid marker, 8-nitroguanine was also markedly elevated by CYP. Administration of EC to CYPexposed rats mitigated the induced oxidative and inflammatory effects. These data suggest that EC can attenuate the toxic effects induced by CYP exposure.

Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2019

Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019

Thaumatococcus danielli (Benn.) Benth, a member of the Maranthaceae family has continued to be of... more Thaumatococcus danielli (Benn.) Benth, a member of the Maranthaceae family has continued to be of immense benefit to the people in the tropics especially in Nigeria. The leaf is widely used among the “Yoruba’s” as a wrapping leaf and for the management of diabetes mellitus. Aim: This study, evaluated the anti-diabetic and possible mode of action(s) of ethanol leaves extract of Thaumatococcus danielli using in vivo and in vitro approach. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of Streptozotocin (65 mg/kg/b.wt, i.p). The ethanol leave extract of Thaumatococcus danielli (at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered at single dose per day to diabetes induced rats for a period of 14 days. The possible mode of action of extract was assessed through in vitro inhibitory effect on alpha amylase, non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin and glucose uptake in yeast cell. Results: The results showed that the plant extracts demonstrated dose and time...

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences, 2016

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analogue that is used as an anti-cancer drug but its therap... more 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analogue that is used as an anti-cancer drug but its therapeutic potential is limited by its hepatotoxicity. This study therefore, aimed at investigating the protective effect of crocin, a natural supplement, against 5-FU-induced liver injury. Male rats were administered with 5-FU (30 mg/kg b.wt i.p.) for 5 days. Two groups of animals were either orally treated 3 days prior to or 3 days after 5-FU administration with crocin (40 mg/kg bwt). Another group was concurrently treated with crocin along with 5-FU administration. Biochemical variables indicative of liver injury, oxidative stress and liver histopathological alterations were thereafter determined. 5-FU administration markedly increased oxidative stress and markers of hepatic injury. Pre-, concurrent and post-treatment with crocin significantly reduced MDA, AOPP and LOOH levels and increased total antioxidant capacity compared to the 5-FU alone group, with improvement in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT and PONase. Liver injury was markedly reversed when AST, ALT and ALP activities estimated in the three treatment groups were compared to 5-FU group, but the restoration was incomplete, compared to the control. These biochemical variables were supported by histopathological examinations. The results indicate that crocin supplementation can ameliorate 5-FU-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rat.

Toxicology Research and Application, 2018

The present study was designed to investigate aluminium phosphide (ALP)-induced testicular toxici... more The present study was designed to investigate aluminium phosphide (ALP)-induced testicular toxicity, including its effects on sperm parameters and histological alterations in Wistar rats, and the possible protective role of hesperidin (HSD). Oral administration of ALP at 1.15 mg/kg body weight (1/10 LD50) for 30 days resulted in a significant increase in testicular malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and oxidized protein levels. These indicators of oxidative stress were accompanied by decreased activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, followed by a drastic reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant indices of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity when compared to control. Furthermore, ALP treatment produced a marked reduction in sperm count, motility and viability while increasing abnormal sperm morphology and adverse histopathological changes in testis. Co-administration with HSD significantly ameliorated ALP-induced tes...

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences, 2016

To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E on electrolyte profile and the activity of acetylch... more To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E on electrolyte profile and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Aluminium (Al) chloride exposed rats, thirty-six male rats were used for this study. The animals were randomly grouped into six (n=6); group I (Control) was given normal saline. Group II (Al only) was exposed to 20mg/kg body weight (BW) of Al. Groups III (Vitamin C only) and IV (Vitamin E only) were administered 200mg/kg BW of vitamin C and vitamin E respectively. Groups V (Al + Vit C) and VI (Al + Vit E) were exposed to 20mg/kg Al and were treated with 200mg/kg vitamin C and vitamin E respectively. Al exposure resulted in a significant (P<0.05) increase in plasma calcium and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations compared with control. The erythrocyte sodium concentration of group treated with Al alone was significantly (P<0.05) higher by 2.01folds than the control group. While the two vitamins were unable to correct the disruption in calcium homeostasis, they...

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Jan 2, 2014

Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics widely used because of their broad spectrum activity ... more Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics widely used because of their broad spectrum activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were administered to rats at therapeutic doses to evaluate their effects on plasma arylesterase activity, as well as, on hepatic advanced oxidized protein products (AOPPs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as measures of oxidative stress. Ciprofloxacin (80 mg/kg body weight) and levofloxacin (40 mg/kg body weight) were administered to male albino rats for 7 and 14 days. The data obtained demonstrated that plasma arylesterase activity was significantly decreased by both drugs with ciprofloxacin administration inhibiting the activity by 29% and 30% while Levofloxacin treatment resulted in 35% and 30% inhibition, after 7 and 14 days treatment respectively. Hepatic AOPP and MDA levels were both elevated by these antibiotics. This study supplies further evidence that fluoroquinolones at therapeutic doses promote oxidative stress.

Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent in... more Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent inorganic arsenic in drinking water

International Journal of Biological Research, 2019

Background: Taurine is a conditional essential nutrient in man, with proven antioxidant property.... more Background: Taurine is a conditional essential nutrient in man, with proven antioxidant property. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of taurine against atrazine (ATZ)-induced hepatic and renal oxidative toxicity in rats.Methods: Wistar rats were orally exposed to ATZ (1/10 LD50) alone or in combination with taurine at 1.5% w/v and 3% w/v in their drinking water for 30 days. After treatment, the liver and kidney were excised for biochemical assays by spectrophotometric methods.Results: Exposure to ATZ significantly elevated hepatic and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels when compared to control (p < 0.05). Advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) were equally increased in these tissues on exposure to ATZ. In addition, reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were markedly depleted in both organs on exposure to ATZ. Furthermore, activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were inhibited by ATZ c...

EXCLI Journal, 2012

To investigate the subchronic effect of cadmium intoxication on lipid metabolism and the inflamma... more To investigate the subchronic effect of cadmium intoxication on lipid metabolism and the inflammatory responses accompanying it, rats were administered 50 and 100 ppm cadmium through their drinking water for 7 weeks. At both concentrations, cadmium exposure resulted in significant elevation (p < 0.05) of total cholesterol and gave rise to hypertriglyceridemia in the plasma of the animals. The proinflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, were highly expressed in the animals. At the 50 ppm dose level, plasma IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased by 20 %, 87 % and 336 % respectively, while the 100 ppm dose yielded 32 %, 57 % and 470 % increases, respectively. A drastic build-up of MDA in the liver elicited by the metal led to an 85 % increase in lipid peroxidation at high dose. A 3-fold increase of lipid hydroperoxidation (LOOH) products was obtained on exposure to cadmium at 100 ppm. Cadmium caused more than a 2-fold increase in oxLDL levels at both doses tested. Paraoxona...

American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 2015

Objective: Corchorus olitorius is a household leafy vegetable with several medicinal uses. The ... more Objective: Corchorus olitorius is a household leafy vegetable with several medicinal uses. The anti-oxidative and certain biochemical indices of the methanol leaves extract in an in-vivo and in-vitro experiments were studied. Method: Phenols, Flavonoids were determined by Folin Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride assays while Hydroxyl, 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydraxyl (DPPH) radicals and Malondialdehyde levels measured using deoxyribose assay, DPPH and the reaction of Malondialdehyde with Thiobarbituric acid. Cholesterol, reduced glutathione (GSH) and enzyme assays were carried out using standardized methods. Results: Extract showed antioxidant activities as it scavenged hydroxyl, DPPH radicals and inhibited lipid peroxidation respectively in-vitro . Animals fed with extract for 21 days at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight significantly (p<0.05) decrease MDA in a concentration- dependent manner by 2.02, 1.34, 0.76 and 0.02 mg/ml respectively. However, significant increases (p...

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2016

Arsenic and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are environmentally ubiquitous and epidemiological... more Arsenic and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are environmentally ubiquitous and epidemiologically important toxic agents that millions of people are currently exposed to, worldwide. Although the adverse impact due to exposure to either arsenic or DEHP are documented, the toxicological effects of co-exposure to these agents are largely unknown. In this study, exposure to these chemicals was investigated for their effects on ATPase activities in the brain, liver and kidney of rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed daily to 100 mg L-1 arsenic via drinking water and to 100 mg DEHP kg-1 body weight in corn oil either individually or concurrently for 30 days. Toxicity was assessed by evaluating changes in body and organ weights, as well as, Na+/K+-, Ca2+-, Mg2+- and total ATPase activities in the brain, liver and kidney. Exposure to either arsenic or DEHP resulted in drastic reduction in activities of the enzymes in the compartments investigated, except in the brain where Na+/K+- and Mg2+-...

Oxidative damage is a factor in human diseases. In this study, effects of extract and fractions o... more Oxidative damage is a factor in human diseases. In this study, effects of extract and fractions of Solanium aethiopicum leaves on certain liver function indices, anti oxidative and anti-lipid peroxidation potentials were investigated. Phenols, flavonoids, antioxidative potentials, enzyme assays were determined spectrophotometrically using standardized methods. Results showed rats fed methanol extract (ME) at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight for 21 days showed significant (P<0.05) decreases in liver Malondialdehyde and cholesterol concentrations by 2.530±0.050, 1.780±0.020, 1.670±0.030, 1.480±0.040 mg/ml protein and 69.290±2.660, 46.980±2.500, 39.030±4.820, 34.650±1.660 mg/dl respectively. At these concentrations, ME exhibited significant (p<0.05) decreases in serum Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity by 3.810± 0.010, 2.380 ± 0.010, 2.020 ± 0.010 and 1.190±0.010 IU/L compared with controls (3.830 ± 0.020 IU/L). Phenols and flavonoids of ME, Ethyl acetate fraction (E...

To investigate the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) in the deviation of tissue lipid profil... more To investigate the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) in the deviation of tissue lipid profiles and ways to reduce its effect using antioxidant vitamins C and E, thirty-six male albino rats (120-150g) were divided into six groups with six rats each. Group (1) received normal saline and served as control, Group (2) was administered with AlCl 3 (20mg/kg body weight b.wt)), Group (3) was administered with vitamin C (200mg/kg b.wt), Group (4) was administered with vitamin E (200mg/kg b.wt), Groups (5) and (6) were administered aluminium (20mg/kg b.wt) along with vitamins C and E (200mg/kg b.wt) respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and organs (liver, testis, heart, kidney and brain) were harvested and used for lipid profile determination. The results showed that oral administration of aluminum significantly (p 0.05) in rats supplemented with vitamin C and vitamin E compared with control. The vitamins significantly attenuated the affected lipid levels in the tissu...

Aluminium phosphide is an oral rodenticide and insecticide that is toxic to multiple organs in no... more Aluminium phosphide is an oral rodenticide and insecticide that is toxic to multiple organs in non-target organisms with no known antidote. This study investigated aluminium phosphide-induced hematotoxicity and ovarian oxidative damage in rat and evaluated the effectiveness of hesperidin as a therapeutic agent against the toxic effects. Rats receiving a sub-lethal dose of aluminium phosphide (1.15 mg kg-1 body weight) for 30 days, exhibited significant impaired hematological parameters with distorted leucocyte and thrombocytic indices. Aluminium phosphide exposure produced macrocytic, hyperchromic anemia. The toxicity also included a reduction in the white blood cell, lymphocyte, and granulocyte counts. Ovarian oxidative stress indicators comprising malonaldehyde and lipid hydroperoxides levels were markedly increased, while the antioxidant enzymatic system was inhibited. Co-treatment with hesperidin ameliorated the aluminum phosphide-induced anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia ...

Arsenic poisoning is a major environmental event affecting millions worldwide and its treatment w... more Arsenic poisoning is a major environmental event affecting millions worldwide and its treatment with chelating agents has met with limited success. While arsenic toxicity affects multiple systems in the human body, its mode of action has not been fully elucidated. The present study therefore, investigated the possible protective effects of catechin against hepatorenal damage and dyslipidemia induced by arsenic exposure. Rats were exposed to arsenic (100 ppm) through their drinking water and were treated with catechin (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, body weight) for 30 days. Arsenic exposure resulted in liver dysfunction obvious with increased activities of the hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). This was accompanied with significant elevation of kidney function markers urea and creatinine (p < 0.05). Furthermore, arsenic caused the distortion of lipid metabolism resulting in hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceri...

Arsenic exposure has been associated with diverse diseased states, including cancer and atheroscl... more Arsenic exposure has been associated with diverse diseased states, including cancer and atherosclerosis. Changes linked with these states include heightened oxidative stress and immunological responses promoted by this intoxication. This study aimed to find the relationships between lipid peroxidation products and proinflammatory cytokines on exposure to arsenic. Method: Rats were exposed to sodium arsenite in their drinking water at doses of 50 and 100 ppm for 7 weeks. At the end of the exposure period, lipid peroxidation products and paraoxonase activity were measured spectrophotometrically while inflammatory cytokines were assayed using ELISA kits. Results: Plasma hydroperoxide levels were increased by more than 150%, while hepatic MDA concentration was raised by 2 fold at high dose of exposure. Arsenite resulted in depression of paraoxonase activity. Concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines: IL-2, IL-6 nd TNF-α were also higher a control group. Rats exposed to arsenite showed...

International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch, 2020

International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences, 2016

Heliyon, 2019

Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic pyrethroid is a common environmental toxicant owing to its wide u... more Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic pyrethroid is a common environmental toxicant owing to its wide usage as a broad-spectrum insecticide. Its exposure to non-target organisms, including man, elicits numerous adverse effects making it a major public health issue. Epicatechin (EC) has proven anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of epicatechin with regards to altered oxidative and inflammatory parameters subsequent to CYP treatment in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group served as the control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were orally treated with EC (30 mg kg À1 body weight), CYP (25 mg kg À1 body weight), and CYP plus EC, respectively. Oral administration of CYP for 14 days increased the levels of oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and advanced oxidized protein products in the liver and kidney. These were accompanied by a decrease in glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels. The activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase was increased while catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in these organs. Moreover, CYP increased plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The plasma content of the nitrative nucleic acid marker, 8-nitroguanine was also markedly elevated by CYP. Administration of EC to CYPexposed rats mitigated the induced oxidative and inflammatory effects. These data suggest that EC can attenuate the toxic effects induced by CYP exposure.

Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2019

Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019

Thaumatococcus danielli (Benn.) Benth, a member of the Maranthaceae family has continued to be of... more Thaumatococcus danielli (Benn.) Benth, a member of the Maranthaceae family has continued to be of immense benefit to the people in the tropics especially in Nigeria. The leaf is widely used among the “Yoruba’s” as a wrapping leaf and for the management of diabetes mellitus. Aim: This study, evaluated the anti-diabetic and possible mode of action(s) of ethanol leaves extract of Thaumatococcus danielli using in vivo and in vitro approach. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of Streptozotocin (65 mg/kg/b.wt, i.p). The ethanol leave extract of Thaumatococcus danielli (at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered at single dose per day to diabetes induced rats for a period of 14 days. The possible mode of action of extract was assessed through in vitro inhibitory effect on alpha amylase, non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin and glucose uptake in yeast cell. Results: The results showed that the plant extracts demonstrated dose and time...

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences, 2016

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analogue that is used as an anti-cancer drug but its therap... more 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analogue that is used as an anti-cancer drug but its therapeutic potential is limited by its hepatotoxicity. This study therefore, aimed at investigating the protective effect of crocin, a natural supplement, against 5-FU-induced liver injury. Male rats were administered with 5-FU (30 mg/kg b.wt i.p.) for 5 days. Two groups of animals were either orally treated 3 days prior to or 3 days after 5-FU administration with crocin (40 mg/kg bwt). Another group was concurrently treated with crocin along with 5-FU administration. Biochemical variables indicative of liver injury, oxidative stress and liver histopathological alterations were thereafter determined. 5-FU administration markedly increased oxidative stress and markers of hepatic injury. Pre-, concurrent and post-treatment with crocin significantly reduced MDA, AOPP and LOOH levels and increased total antioxidant capacity compared to the 5-FU alone group, with improvement in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT and PONase. Liver injury was markedly reversed when AST, ALT and ALP activities estimated in the three treatment groups were compared to 5-FU group, but the restoration was incomplete, compared to the control. These biochemical variables were supported by histopathological examinations. The results indicate that crocin supplementation can ameliorate 5-FU-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rat.

Toxicology Research and Application, 2018

The present study was designed to investigate aluminium phosphide (ALP)-induced testicular toxici... more The present study was designed to investigate aluminium phosphide (ALP)-induced testicular toxicity, including its effects on sperm parameters and histological alterations in Wistar rats, and the possible protective role of hesperidin (HSD). Oral administration of ALP at 1.15 mg/kg body weight (1/10 LD50) for 30 days resulted in a significant increase in testicular malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and oxidized protein levels. These indicators of oxidative stress were accompanied by decreased activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, followed by a drastic reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant indices of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity when compared to control. Furthermore, ALP treatment produced a marked reduction in sperm count, motility and viability while increasing abnormal sperm morphology and adverse histopathological changes in testis. Co-administration with HSD significantly ameliorated ALP-induced tes...