Mike J Fray | Loughborough University (original) (raw)

Papers by Mike J Fray

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring Women's Perception of High Metabolic Clothing

Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Jan 10, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Building Trust and Nurturing Relationships – How Occupational Health and Safety Consultants Work with Small and Medium Enterprises

Research paper thumbnail of Factors contributing to task success: Safety II in the context of community-based patient discharge

This explorative study investigated Safety-I and Safety-II elements in six focus groups with expe... more This explorative study investigated Safety-I and Safety-II elements in six focus groups with experienced staff involved in the patient discharge process from a community perspective. The elements explored included defining a good discharge, potential errors, influencing factors, weak signals, learning opportunities, and elements that assisted in achieving a successful task outcome. Key findings included identifying person-, task-, and organization-related examples that promote a good discharge. The weak signals and elements aiding success were categorised using the SEIPS 2.0 model.

Research paper thumbnail of Moving Forward: Occupational Health Broadening the Scope of Physiotherapy Practice in Work Injury Prevention and Management

Research paper thumbnail of Unravelling the relationship between patient handling performance and safety climate: a mesoergonomic analysis

In this paper we describe our use of the Karsh et al. (2014) mesoergonomics framework in order to... more In this paper we describe our use of the Karsh et al. (2014) mesoergonomics framework in order to provide a clearer understanding of the relationship between patient safety climate and patient handling within a neurological rehabilitation setting. Six acute medical wards in a large UK teaching hospital took part. Data were collected using the TROPHI (Tool for Risk Outstanding in Patient Handling Interventions) and SCS (Safety Climate Survey). The results highlighted strengths and weakness in safety climate and patient handling performance. Correlations were achieved between TROPHI Safety Climate scores and SCS Overall Mean. The results suggest that the differences between scores across a variety of measures indicate that a wider range of data may be required to best represent the measure of safety climate in this occupational setting.

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence-Based Patient Handling

Routledge eBooks, Jul 5, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding buttock deformation in a seated posture

Proceedings of the 7th International Digital Human Modeling Symposium (DHM 2022) and Iowa Virtual Human Summit 2022 -, Aug 23, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Making a difference: using a participatory design process to give a voice to people with disabilities

Loughborough University, Nov 10, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change the force applied when moving a person up a bed

Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change th... more Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change the force applied when moving a person up a bed

Research paper thumbnail of Using patient handling equipment to manage mobility in and around a bed

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a framework for the analysis of weak signals within a healthcare environment

Weak signals provide an opportunity for pro-activeness that can assist in improving safety. Throu... more Weak signals provide an opportunity for pro-activeness that can assist in improving safety. Through a review of literature and evaluated with three different case studies, this study proposed a framework for the analysis of weak signals in the healthcare environment.

Research paper thumbnail of A Tool to Compare All Patient Handling Interventions

Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics Series, 2010

Patient handling intervention strategies are many and varied. The focus of interventions has prim... more Patient handling intervention strategies are many and varied. The focus of interventions has primarily been on the health, safety and welfare of care givers. Data from 4 EU focus groups and 2 worldwide expert panels were used to evaluate whether other types of outcomes were perceived as having relative importance. Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that organisational and patient outcomes were also highly rated by the participants. The data showed 12 outcomes as being of the highest priority with good agreement between the 4 EU sources (Kendall's Concordance significant at 0.005). In parallel, a systematic analysis of patient handling intervention literature was considered to evaluate the qualities of each study. Using the 12 most important outcomes from the initial study and the most appropriate and accessible measurement tools from the literature analysis, the Intervention Evaluation Tool (IET) is proposed. The IET is a single set of measurements that can be used for evaluating all organisational and individual patient handling interventions. The IET has been trialled at 2 sites in 4 EU countries.

Research paper thumbnail of Two Case Studies Using Mock-Ups for Planning Adult and Neonatal Intensive Care Facilities

Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2010

This paper describes two case studies using a 5-step protocol to determine functional space requi... more This paper describes two case studies using a 5-step protocol to determine functional space requirements for cardiac and neonatal intensive care clinical activities. Functional space experiments were conducted to determine the spatial requirements (defined as the minimumsized rectangle to encompass the Link Analysis). The data were collected with multi-directional filming and analysed frame-by-frame to plot the movements between the nurses and other components in the space. The average clinical functional space for the adult critical care unit was 22.83 m 2 (excluding family and hygiene space and in-room storage). The average functional clinical space for neonatal intensive care unit was 13.5 m 2 (excluding circulation and storage). The use of the 5-step protocol is reviewed, with limitations in case study 1 addressed in case study 2. The findings from both case studies have been incorporated into government guidance and achieved knowledge transfer by being implemented in building design.

Research paper thumbnail of Does the use of friction reducing devices actually reduce the exposure to high force lateral transfers

The activity of transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. b... more The activity of transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, treatment tables, theatre departments and ambulance services. These positional changes can include lateral transfers (bed to bed), moving up a bed (boosting), or supine to side lying (turning). Transferring patients has long been identified as a contributory cause of MSD in healthcare processes. This study explored routes to error in a UK national healthcare provider for the range of transfers indicated and investigated the level of knowledge within the workforce to complete these transfers. A survey (n=170) showed that a high percentage of staff reported that transfers that using slide sheet devices were being performed in a way which did not following the evidence based guidance. 31.6% of the descriptions of how to set up a transfer were incorrect and a further 13.0% were less than optimal. Only 31/170 respondents showed no errors in their survey responses. A secondary l...

Research paper thumbnail of An Efficiency Evaluation of Different Hoisting Devices to Complete Three Frequent Patient Transfers

Health and Social Care Systems of the Future: Demographic Changes, Digital Age and Human Factors, 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and staff preferences of three different hois... more The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and staff preferences of three different hoisting devices when completing lying to sitting and sitting-to-sitting transfers. The study explored time, task steps, physical environments and staff preferences.

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of medical devices with healthy people

Much of the research of thermal and physical comfort is completed with healthy participants in re... more Much of the research of thermal and physical comfort is completed with healthy participants in regular life scenarios. The translation of these findings into clinical settings for people with disease, deficiency or restrictions adds a level of complexity. As an example this study evaluated the effectiveness of a patient warming mattress device on body temperature and ratings of thermal comfort/sensation. Hypothermia has been linked to higher mortality rates in trauma patients admitted to hospital. Patient warming devices have been developed to assist the temperature of the patient and studies on these report varied effects. Laboratory trials with shivering inhibition (Goheen et al, 1997, Greif et al, 2000) found improvements from forced air and resistive blankets but without shivering inhibition (Williams et al, 2005) showed no benefit in warming from 35°C. A physical evaluation of the warming mattress device with a thermal manikin reported an energy contribution to the user (~70W)....

Research paper thumbnail of Stopping incidents in their tracks: identifying weak signals for error prevention in healthcare

In order to adjust performance to ensure the success of a task and prevent error, it is necessary... more In order to adjust performance to ensure the success of a task and prevent error, it is necessary to anticipate, identify and respond to signals indicating changes in the system. The objectives of this study were to investigate weak signals within two different healthcare case studies by identifying key elements and behaviours of these tasks. This study investigated both Safety-I and Safety-II elements with four expert groups, two from the field of patient handling and two from the field of patient discharge. The Safety-I and Safety-II elements explored included potential errors, influencing factors, weak signals and learning opportunities arising from the investigated situations. The errors identified by the focus groups were related to skill, knowledge, inappropriate equipment, equipment misuse, lack of communication, missing or incomplete information, incorrect technique, and preconditions not being fulfilled. The influencing factors identified by the two case studies included pa...

Research paper thumbnail of CURE (Community Urgent Response Environment)

Research paper thumbnail of Does the use of friction reducing devices reduce the exposure to high-force horizontal transfers

Transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, t... more Transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, treatment tables, theatre departments and ambulance services. Transferring patients has long been identified as a contributory cause of MSD in healthcare processes. The provision of friction removing material is accepted as a sensible solution to reduce the biomechanical load for horizontal transfers. Little evidence has reported the consequences of not following best practice guidelines when using friction removing devices. This study explored routes to error in an NHS Trust for a range of horizontal transfers and investigated the level of knowledge within the workforce to complete these transfers. A questionnaire survey (n=170) showed that a high percentage of staff reported that horizontal transfers using slide sheet devices were not being performed optimally. A laboratory study quantified the force differences between a best practice transfer and the various erroneous methods. The add...

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a worldwide method for cost benefit analysis for safe patient handling interventions, to be completed by safe patient handling practitioners. A pilot study

The International Panel of Patient Handling Ergonomics (IPPHE) is a collaborative, academic and p... more The International Panel of Patient Handling Ergonomics (IPPHE) is a collaborative, academic and practitioner group that have been developing best practice and research projects since 2003. The publication of the ISO Technical Report TR12296 indicated that a clearer understanding of the methods for costing safe patient handling (SPH) programmes was required. This paper is the first exploratory investigation towards developing a worldwide approach to reporting and utilising a cost benefit analysis method for SPH programmes. An electronic survey was developed to gain the background and baseline knowledge of a range of individuals from the IPPHE group and their organisations. An explorative qualitative methodology was adopted to develop the broad items that would need to be reported in the costings methods moving forward. 47 surveys were completed from 9 countries from 74 individuals. The survey responses were analysed for content and themes. The analysis described a template to be take...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring Women's Perception of High Metabolic Clothing

Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Jan 10, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Building Trust and Nurturing Relationships – How Occupational Health and Safety Consultants Work with Small and Medium Enterprises

Research paper thumbnail of Factors contributing to task success: Safety II in the context of community-based patient discharge

This explorative study investigated Safety-I and Safety-II elements in six focus groups with expe... more This explorative study investigated Safety-I and Safety-II elements in six focus groups with experienced staff involved in the patient discharge process from a community perspective. The elements explored included defining a good discharge, potential errors, influencing factors, weak signals, learning opportunities, and elements that assisted in achieving a successful task outcome. Key findings included identifying person-, task-, and organization-related examples that promote a good discharge. The weak signals and elements aiding success were categorised using the SEIPS 2.0 model.

Research paper thumbnail of Moving Forward: Occupational Health Broadening the Scope of Physiotherapy Practice in Work Injury Prevention and Management

Research paper thumbnail of Unravelling the relationship between patient handling performance and safety climate: a mesoergonomic analysis

In this paper we describe our use of the Karsh et al. (2014) mesoergonomics framework in order to... more In this paper we describe our use of the Karsh et al. (2014) mesoergonomics framework in order to provide a clearer understanding of the relationship between patient safety climate and patient handling within a neurological rehabilitation setting. Six acute medical wards in a large UK teaching hospital took part. Data were collected using the TROPHI (Tool for Risk Outstanding in Patient Handling Interventions) and SCS (Safety Climate Survey). The results highlighted strengths and weakness in safety climate and patient handling performance. Correlations were achieved between TROPHI Safety Climate scores and SCS Overall Mean. The results suggest that the differences between scores across a variety of measures indicate that a wider range of data may be required to best represent the measure of safety climate in this occupational setting.

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence-Based Patient Handling

Routledge eBooks, Jul 5, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding buttock deformation in a seated posture

Proceedings of the 7th International Digital Human Modeling Symposium (DHM 2022) and Iowa Virtual Human Summit 2022 -, Aug 23, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Making a difference: using a participatory design process to give a voice to people with disabilities

Loughborough University, Nov 10, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change the force applied when moving a person up a bed

Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change th... more Test of effort needed to move a patient up in bed. Does the carer position around a bed change the force applied when moving a person up a bed

Research paper thumbnail of Using patient handling equipment to manage mobility in and around a bed

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a framework for the analysis of weak signals within a healthcare environment

Weak signals provide an opportunity for pro-activeness that can assist in improving safety. Throu... more Weak signals provide an opportunity for pro-activeness that can assist in improving safety. Through a review of literature and evaluated with three different case studies, this study proposed a framework for the analysis of weak signals in the healthcare environment.

Research paper thumbnail of A Tool to Compare All Patient Handling Interventions

Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics Series, 2010

Patient handling intervention strategies are many and varied. The focus of interventions has prim... more Patient handling intervention strategies are many and varied. The focus of interventions has primarily been on the health, safety and welfare of care givers. Data from 4 EU focus groups and 2 worldwide expert panels were used to evaluate whether other types of outcomes were perceived as having relative importance. Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that organisational and patient outcomes were also highly rated by the participants. The data showed 12 outcomes as being of the highest priority with good agreement between the 4 EU sources (Kendall's Concordance significant at 0.005). In parallel, a systematic analysis of patient handling intervention literature was considered to evaluate the qualities of each study. Using the 12 most important outcomes from the initial study and the most appropriate and accessible measurement tools from the literature analysis, the Intervention Evaluation Tool (IET) is proposed. The IET is a single set of measurements that can be used for evaluating all organisational and individual patient handling interventions. The IET has been trialled at 2 sites in 4 EU countries.

Research paper thumbnail of Two Case Studies Using Mock-Ups for Planning Adult and Neonatal Intensive Care Facilities

Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2010

This paper describes two case studies using a 5-step protocol to determine functional space requi... more This paper describes two case studies using a 5-step protocol to determine functional space requirements for cardiac and neonatal intensive care clinical activities. Functional space experiments were conducted to determine the spatial requirements (defined as the minimumsized rectangle to encompass the Link Analysis). The data were collected with multi-directional filming and analysed frame-by-frame to plot the movements between the nurses and other components in the space. The average clinical functional space for the adult critical care unit was 22.83 m 2 (excluding family and hygiene space and in-room storage). The average functional clinical space for neonatal intensive care unit was 13.5 m 2 (excluding circulation and storage). The use of the 5-step protocol is reviewed, with limitations in case study 1 addressed in case study 2. The findings from both case studies have been incorporated into government guidance and achieved knowledge transfer by being implemented in building design.

Research paper thumbnail of Does the use of friction reducing devices actually reduce the exposure to high force lateral transfers

The activity of transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. b... more The activity of transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, treatment tables, theatre departments and ambulance services. These positional changes can include lateral transfers (bed to bed), moving up a bed (boosting), or supine to side lying (turning). Transferring patients has long been identified as a contributory cause of MSD in healthcare processes. This study explored routes to error in a UK national healthcare provider for the range of transfers indicated and investigated the level of knowledge within the workforce to complete these transfers. A survey (n=170) showed that a high percentage of staff reported that transfers that using slide sheet devices were being performed in a way which did not following the evidence based guidance. 31.6% of the descriptions of how to set up a transfer were incorrect and a further 13.0% were less than optimal. Only 31/170 respondents showed no errors in their survey responses. A secondary l...

Research paper thumbnail of An Efficiency Evaluation of Different Hoisting Devices to Complete Three Frequent Patient Transfers

Health and Social Care Systems of the Future: Demographic Changes, Digital Age and Human Factors, 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and staff preferences of three different hois... more The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and staff preferences of three different hoisting devices when completing lying to sitting and sitting-to-sitting transfers. The study explored time, task steps, physical environments and staff preferences.

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of medical devices with healthy people

Much of the research of thermal and physical comfort is completed with healthy participants in re... more Much of the research of thermal and physical comfort is completed with healthy participants in regular life scenarios. The translation of these findings into clinical settings for people with disease, deficiency or restrictions adds a level of complexity. As an example this study evaluated the effectiveness of a patient warming mattress device on body temperature and ratings of thermal comfort/sensation. Hypothermia has been linked to higher mortality rates in trauma patients admitted to hospital. Patient warming devices have been developed to assist the temperature of the patient and studies on these report varied effects. Laboratory trials with shivering inhibition (Goheen et al, 1997, Greif et al, 2000) found improvements from forced air and resistive blankets but without shivering inhibition (Williams et al, 2005) showed no benefit in warming from 35°C. A physical evaluation of the warming mattress device with a thermal manikin reported an energy contribution to the user (~70W)....

Research paper thumbnail of Stopping incidents in their tracks: identifying weak signals for error prevention in healthcare

In order to adjust performance to ensure the success of a task and prevent error, it is necessary... more In order to adjust performance to ensure the success of a task and prevent error, it is necessary to anticipate, identify and respond to signals indicating changes in the system. The objectives of this study were to investigate weak signals within two different healthcare case studies by identifying key elements and behaviours of these tasks. This study investigated both Safety-I and Safety-II elements with four expert groups, two from the field of patient handling and two from the field of patient discharge. The Safety-I and Safety-II elements explored included potential errors, influencing factors, weak signals and learning opportunities arising from the investigated situations. The errors identified by the focus groups were related to skill, knowledge, inappropriate equipment, equipment misuse, lack of communication, missing or incomplete information, incorrect technique, and preconditions not being fulfilled. The influencing factors identified by the two case studies included pa...

Research paper thumbnail of CURE (Community Urgent Response Environment)

Research paper thumbnail of Does the use of friction reducing devices reduce the exposure to high-force horizontal transfers

Transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, t... more Transferring a person from lying to lying frequently occurs in healthcare, e.g. bed to trolley, treatment tables, theatre departments and ambulance services. Transferring patients has long been identified as a contributory cause of MSD in healthcare processes. The provision of friction removing material is accepted as a sensible solution to reduce the biomechanical load for horizontal transfers. Little evidence has reported the consequences of not following best practice guidelines when using friction removing devices. This study explored routes to error in an NHS Trust for a range of horizontal transfers and investigated the level of knowledge within the workforce to complete these transfers. A questionnaire survey (n=170) showed that a high percentage of staff reported that horizontal transfers using slide sheet devices were not being performed optimally. A laboratory study quantified the force differences between a best practice transfer and the various erroneous methods. The add...

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a worldwide method for cost benefit analysis for safe patient handling interventions, to be completed by safe patient handling practitioners. A pilot study

The International Panel of Patient Handling Ergonomics (IPPHE) is a collaborative, academic and p... more The International Panel of Patient Handling Ergonomics (IPPHE) is a collaborative, academic and practitioner group that have been developing best practice and research projects since 2003. The publication of the ISO Technical Report TR12296 indicated that a clearer understanding of the methods for costing safe patient handling (SPH) programmes was required. This paper is the first exploratory investigation towards developing a worldwide approach to reporting and utilising a cost benefit analysis method for SPH programmes. An electronic survey was developed to gain the background and baseline knowledge of a range of individuals from the IPPHE group and their organisations. An explorative qualitative methodology was adopted to develop the broad items that would need to be reported in the costings methods moving forward. 47 surveys were completed from 9 countries from 74 individuals. The survey responses were analysed for content and themes. The analysis described a template to be take...