Kabindra Bajracharya | Lumbini Buddhist Unversity (original) (raw)
Papers by Kabindra Bajracharya
Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal
IntroductionRefractive errors are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye doe... more IntroductionRefractive errors are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye does not properly bend or refract light to focus it on the retina. The objective of this research was to estimate the prevalence among children under-five years of age in Lumbini, Nepal.MethodsA hospital-based observational study was conducted among children attending the Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center. Participants were selected over three months using systematic random sampling. Ophthalmic examination with retinoscopy (dry and wet) was used to determine refractive errors. The proportion of children with spherical equivalent myopia ≤-0.50 diopter (D), SE hyperopia ≥+2.00 D and SE astigmatism >0.5 in both eyes were calculated. Prevalence of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism was reported by age, gender and religion.ResultsAmong 1,561 recruited children, the prevalence of refractive errors was 15.4% (n=240, 95% CI: 13.6% to 17.3%). The prevalence was significantly higher among o...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Jul 1, 2021
Background: An ocular emergency is any condition in which early action is necessary to prevent se... more Background: An ocular emergency is any condition in which early action is necessary to prevent severe and permanent damage to the eye. Aims and Objective: To describe the pattern of common ocular diseases presenting in emergency department. Materials and Methods: This was descriptive retrospective study conducted for the period of six months from 1st March 2019 to
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Jul 26, 2020
Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was ... more Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the visual outcome of pediatric traumatic cataract and causes of poor visual acuity. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective study, all children visiting the pediatric department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center with traumatic cataract and visual outcome after surgery from July 2018 to August 2019 were evaluated. A total of 136 children ranging from age (0 months to 15 years) with traumatic cataract were included in the study. Data on age of presentation, sex and diagnosis were collected from clinical charts and analyzed. Results: The study enrolled 136 cases with traumatic cataract. 72.1% male and 27.9% female patients were involved with the average age being 9.46 years (SD 2.95). Final visual acuity was better than 20/60 in 73 percent of the children. Visual acuity was poor in 27 percent of children. In children with poor visual acuity 44 percent of the patients had corneal opacity, 23 percent had retinal detachment and 18 percent had vitreous opacification secondary to trauma. Closed globe injury was seen in 72 percent of children and 28 percent had open globe injury. Conclusion: Male children were more prone to traumatic cataract than female children. Open globe injury with corneal laceration and opacity was the major cause of decreased visual acuity.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Mar 1, 2018
Background: Paediatric blindness presents as an enormous problem to developing countries in terms... more Background: Paediatric blindness presents as an enormous problem to developing countries in terms of human morbidity, economic loss and social burden. Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the visual outcome of congenital and developmental cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: This study was prospective, longitudinal and interventional. The patients aged ≤15 years, diagnosed either congenital or developmental cataract and planned for cataract surgery were enrolled during March 2014 to February 2015 at Lumbini Eye Institute, Nepal. The patients underwent either: a) Lens aspiration + PPC+ Anterior Vitrectomy; b) Lens aspiration + PPC+ Anterior Vitrectomy + PCIOL; c) Lens Aspiration + PCIOL depending upon age of patient. The patients were examined after surgery day 1, day 2, after 2 weeks and after 6 weeks. Glasses were prescribed at 6 weeks from the date of surgery. Occlusion therapy was initiated in cases wherever necessary. Results: A total of 54 eyes of 43 children were included in the study. The sex ratio was 1.26 female per male with mean age of 3 years (SD ± 2.16). In the verbal group, 61.1% (33 eyes) had final visual acuity (6/6-6/18). In the non verbal group, 16.7% (9 eyes) had final visual acuity of good fixation and follow. There was a statistically highly significant improvement in post surgical Best corrected visual acuity (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Good visual outcome after pediatric cataract surgery can be obtained if surgery is performed by skilled surgeon. The awareness of pediatric cataract, early diagnosis and timely intervention to surgical treatment, and postoperative management of residual uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia are important factors for the prevention of childhood blindness from cataract.
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Nov 18, 2021
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Jul 22, 2014
Background: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the common retinal disorders causing ... more Background: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the common retinal disorders causing severe visual impairment. Objective: To study the clinical profile, risk factors and visual outcome in central retinal vein occlusion. Materials and methods: Seventy-four eyes of 74 patients with central retinal vein occlusion were retrospectively enrolled during the period of one year. All the patients in the study were classified with regard to their ischemic status into two groups, ischemic CRVO and non-ischemic CRVO. The demographic pattern of the patients was recorded. The other parameters studied were visual acuity, history of glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. The patients were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment.Results: The majority of the patients (n = 49, 66.2 %) had the ischemic type of CRVO, whereas, 25 (33.8 %) of them had the non-ischemic type. The CRVO was more commonly observed in males in both the groups. Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with CRVO. The visual improvement was significantly better in non-ischemic CRVO (RR = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01-0.31, p = 0.000). Conclusion: The CRVO was more common in males than in females. It was associated with systemic hypertension. The ischemic type of the CRVO was more prevalent than the non-ischemic one in this study. Visual outcome was better in the non-ischemic CRVO.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Jul 2, 2018
Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evid... more Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evidence that the cataract surgical quality is maintained in the camp setting and that patients achieve cost savings. Aims and Objective: To know whether the same quality cataract surgical care could be maintained in the Primary Eye Care Centres (PECCs) as the base hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective study at was carried out at Palpa Lions Lacoul Eye hospital (PLLEH) Gulmi, Arghakhanchi and Rampur PECCs. Total 1038 patients were examined and admitted one day prior to or on the same day of surgery. All patients were examined first post-operative day and after 2-3 weeks. Surgical complications, Visual acuity(VA) at discharge, 2-3 weeks were reported. Result: Out of 1038 patients, the male patients were 556 (53.6%) and females were 482 (46.4%). Five hundred six eyes (47.2%) had VA <3/60 and 179 eyes (16.7%) had VA <6/60-3/60 and 385 eyes (36%) had <6/18-6/60 preoperatively. On first postoperative day, 853 eyes (80%) had good, 144 (13 %) had borderline and 74 (7 %) had poor outcome. 5.6% eyes had intra-operative complications. On day one, Arghakhanchi had significantly worse (p < 0.05) Gulmi not significantly different and Rampur significantly better (p < 0.05
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Jan 11, 2016
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Optic atrophy is a clinical presentation in which the optic disc appears pale due to ... more Background: Optic atrophy is a clinical presentation in which the optic disc appears pale due to irreversible damage of retinal ganglion cells and axons in the anterior visual pathway. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the profile of optic atrophy cases in the neuro-ophthalmology department of a tertiary eye hospital and to identify the common causes and associated visual impairments. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, using convenience sampling method for data collection. Demographic data, medical history, and examinations were conducted on all included patients. Optic atrophy secondary to glaucomatous optic nerve damage was excluded. This study included both children and adults with both congenital and acquired patients with optic atrophy. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded and anterior segment examinations were conducted using a torchlight to assess pupillary reaction and sl...
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2014
Introduction. In children congenital cataracts represent 25% to 30% of avoidable blindness, and m... more Introduction. In children congenital cataracts represent 25% to 30% of avoidable blindness, and microphthalmus has been found in 7% to 17% of these patients. Our purpose is to report the outcomes and complications of congenital cataract sugery with Intraocular-Lens(IOL) implantation in microphthalmic eyes. In microphthalmic eyes IOL implantation is more challenging due to small anatomy, but it gives better visual prognosis than eyes left aphasic. SOX2 gene has been identified as a major causative gene of microphthalmus. Screening of SOX2 was performed.
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology
We read with keen interest the article by Shah et al "Pathologic Risk Factor in Retinoblasto... more We read with keen interest the article by Shah et al "Pathologic Risk Factor in Retinoblastoma: An Institutional Experience Based on Analysis of Enucleated Eyes"(Shah A et al, 2012). They have highlighted high-risk histopathological features in Retinoblastoma with retrolaminar optic nerve invasion being the most common and also showed statistically significant correlation of high risk histological features with tumor size and AJCC stage of tumor. Their aim to assess the frequency and spectrum of high risk histopathological features in enucleated specimens of retinoblastoma was successful which may guide the clinician in timely planning for subsequent neoadjuvant therapy and prevent further ocular morbidity and mortality in children. We would like to congratulate authors for this article and with invoked interest it led us to go in more depth and we wish to discuss several aspects of the study that can potentially influence the results.
Birat Journal of Health Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of bilateral blindness in Nepal. Surgery is the accepted... more Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of bilateral blindness in Nepal. Surgery is the accepted treatment option for cataract with Small incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and Phacoemusification being the common procedures being performed with comparable results. Corneal astigmatism has been a byproduct of cataract surgery since the first limbal incision was made with improved techniques. Self-sealing scleral pocket incisions are stable and provides early healing, faster visual restoration and more importantly superior astigmatism control. A variety of scleral incisions are being used in manual SICS, with the aim of keeping the post-operative astigmatism to a minimum. Despite having many techniques of scleral incision, there have been only few studies which compares surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) between them Objective: To determine surgical induced astigmatism following frown, chevron and straight incision forms in suture-less small incision cataract surgery(SICS). Methodology:...
Original Research Ar cle Yadav RD et al 1. Ophthalmologist, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Cen... more Original Research Ar cle Yadav RD et al 1. Ophthalmologist, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Center, Bhairahawa, Nepal. 2. Associate Professor, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Center, Bhairahawa, Nepal. 3. Lecturer, Universal Collage of Nursing Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. * Corresponding Author Dr. Roshan Dev Yadav Lecturer General Ophthalmology Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Centre, Nepal Email ID: ro_rosn@yahoo.com ORCID ID: h ps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8356-3436 Affilia on © Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publica on with the work simultaneously licensed under Crea ve Commons A ribu on License CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and ini al publica on in this journal. A R T I C L E I N F O Received : 30 July, 2020 Accepted : 17 January, 2021 Published : 15 June, 2021
Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens ... more Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens (IOL) power is a common practice. However, long-term refractive status of these children is largely unknown. Aims and Objective: To analyse refractive status after cataract surgery with undercorrected IOL power implantation in congenital and developmental cataract. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive, retrospective conducted for three years from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2015. The children (> 6 months to <=7 years of age) who underwent cataract surgery for congenital and developmental cataract with a primary IOL implantation and had reached the age of 8 years were studied. The data were collected in terms of demography, axial length, biometry, IOL implanted, hyperopic correction and postoperative refractive status at 8 years. Results: Total numbers of children operated were 181 with total eyes 288. Unilateral cases were 74 (40.88%) and bilateral 107 (59.12%). ...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Infantile esotropia is misalignment of eyes from bifoveal fixation where surgical cor... more Background: Infantile esotropia is misalignment of eyes from bifoveal fixation where surgical correction at an early age usually presents with good outcomes. Aims and Objective: To compare the surgical outcome between bilateral medial rectus recession (BMR) and recession- resection (RR) surgery in infantile esotropia. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairahawa, from December 2017 to December 2018. Patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgical correction were included in the study. Patients were examined pre operatively, and post operatively at day one and third month, where the angle of deviation was measured and the level of binocular single vision (BSV) was assessed. Data was entered and analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Total 79 patients were included in the study out of which 33 underwent BMR and 46 underwent RR. The mean pre-operative angle by PBCT was 52.58 PD (SD ±15.468) in the BMR group and 47.83 PD (SD ±12.140) in...
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology
Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was ... more Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the visual outcome of pediatric traumatic cataract and causes of poor visual acuity. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective study, all children visiting the pediatric department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center with traumatic cataract and visual outcome after surgery from July 2018 to August 2019 were evaluated. A total of 136 children ranging from age (0 months to 15 years) with traumatic cataract were included in the study. Data on age of presentation, sex and diagnosis were collected from clinical charts and analyzed. Results: The study enrolled 136 cases with traumatic cataract. 72.1% male and 27.9% female patients were involved with the average age being 9.46 years (SD 2.95). Final visual acuity was better than 20/60 in 73 percent of the children. Visual acuity was poor in 27 percent of children. In children with poor visual acuit...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Enterobius vermiculari which is often referred as pinworm, is an intestinal nematode which is tra... more Enterobius vermiculari which is often referred as pinworm, is an intestinal nematode which is transmitted through fecal-oral route. The extraintestinal presentation of the worm is rare. A live worm, Enterobius vermicularis in anterior chamber is a very rare case. To present an unusual case of Enterobius vermicularis in anterior chamber of right eye in a 3 years old girl. Visual acuity assessment, slit lamp examination and ultrasonography of the eye were performed. The worm was found in anterior chamber of right eye at 8-9 o' clock hour position, coiling at the presentation. The living, white worm was freely moving and changing position frequently. There was hypopyon with exudates inferiorly. The pupil was irregular, posterior synechiae was present with cataractous lens. The living worm was removed surgically under general anesthesia and sent for microbiological examination. Synecholysis with lens aspiration and Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was done in second ...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evid... more Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evidence that the cataract surgical quality is maintained in the camp setting and that patients achieve cost savings.Aims and Objective: To know whether the same quality cataract surgical care could be maintained in the Primary Eye Care Centres (PECCs) as the base hospital.Material and Methods: A prospective study at was carried out at Palpa Lions Lacoul Eye hospital (PLLEH) Gulmi, Arghakhanchi and Rampur PECCs. Total 1038 patients were examined and admitted one day prior to or on the same day of surgery. All patients were examined first post-operative day and after 2 - 3 weeks. Surgical complications, Visual acuity(VA) at discharge, 2-3 weeks were reported.Result: Out of 1038 patients, the male patients were 556 (53.6%) and females were 482 (46.4%). Five hundred six eyes (47.2%) had VA <3/60 and 179 eyes (16.7%) had VA…
Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal
IntroductionRefractive errors are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye doe... more IntroductionRefractive errors are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye does not properly bend or refract light to focus it on the retina. The objective of this research was to estimate the prevalence among children under-five years of age in Lumbini, Nepal.MethodsA hospital-based observational study was conducted among children attending the Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center. Participants were selected over three months using systematic random sampling. Ophthalmic examination with retinoscopy (dry and wet) was used to determine refractive errors. The proportion of children with spherical equivalent myopia ≤-0.50 diopter (D), SE hyperopia ≥+2.00 D and SE astigmatism >0.5 in both eyes were calculated. Prevalence of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism was reported by age, gender and religion.ResultsAmong 1,561 recruited children, the prevalence of refractive errors was 15.4% (n=240, 95% CI: 13.6% to 17.3%). The prevalence was significantly higher among o...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Jul 1, 2021
Background: An ocular emergency is any condition in which early action is necessary to prevent se... more Background: An ocular emergency is any condition in which early action is necessary to prevent severe and permanent damage to the eye. Aims and Objective: To describe the pattern of common ocular diseases presenting in emergency department. Materials and Methods: This was descriptive retrospective study conducted for the period of six months from 1st March 2019 to
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Jul 26, 2020
Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was ... more Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the visual outcome of pediatric traumatic cataract and causes of poor visual acuity. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective study, all children visiting the pediatric department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center with traumatic cataract and visual outcome after surgery from July 2018 to August 2019 were evaluated. A total of 136 children ranging from age (0 months to 15 years) with traumatic cataract were included in the study. Data on age of presentation, sex and diagnosis were collected from clinical charts and analyzed. Results: The study enrolled 136 cases with traumatic cataract. 72.1% male and 27.9% female patients were involved with the average age being 9.46 years (SD 2.95). Final visual acuity was better than 20/60 in 73 percent of the children. Visual acuity was poor in 27 percent of children. In children with poor visual acuity 44 percent of the patients had corneal opacity, 23 percent had retinal detachment and 18 percent had vitreous opacification secondary to trauma. Closed globe injury was seen in 72 percent of children and 28 percent had open globe injury. Conclusion: Male children were more prone to traumatic cataract than female children. Open globe injury with corneal laceration and opacity was the major cause of decreased visual acuity.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Mar 1, 2018
Background: Paediatric blindness presents as an enormous problem to developing countries in terms... more Background: Paediatric blindness presents as an enormous problem to developing countries in terms of human morbidity, economic loss and social burden. Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the visual outcome of congenital and developmental cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: This study was prospective, longitudinal and interventional. The patients aged ≤15 years, diagnosed either congenital or developmental cataract and planned for cataract surgery were enrolled during March 2014 to February 2015 at Lumbini Eye Institute, Nepal. The patients underwent either: a) Lens aspiration + PPC+ Anterior Vitrectomy; b) Lens aspiration + PPC+ Anterior Vitrectomy + PCIOL; c) Lens Aspiration + PCIOL depending upon age of patient. The patients were examined after surgery day 1, day 2, after 2 weeks and after 6 weeks. Glasses were prescribed at 6 weeks from the date of surgery. Occlusion therapy was initiated in cases wherever necessary. Results: A total of 54 eyes of 43 children were included in the study. The sex ratio was 1.26 female per male with mean age of 3 years (SD ± 2.16). In the verbal group, 61.1% (33 eyes) had final visual acuity (6/6-6/18). In the non verbal group, 16.7% (9 eyes) had final visual acuity of good fixation and follow. There was a statistically highly significant improvement in post surgical Best corrected visual acuity (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Good visual outcome after pediatric cataract surgery can be obtained if surgery is performed by skilled surgeon. The awareness of pediatric cataract, early diagnosis and timely intervention to surgical treatment, and postoperative management of residual uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia are important factors for the prevention of childhood blindness from cataract.
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Nov 18, 2021
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, Jul 22, 2014
Background: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the common retinal disorders causing ... more Background: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the common retinal disorders causing severe visual impairment. Objective: To study the clinical profile, risk factors and visual outcome in central retinal vein occlusion. Materials and methods: Seventy-four eyes of 74 patients with central retinal vein occlusion were retrospectively enrolled during the period of one year. All the patients in the study were classified with regard to their ischemic status into two groups, ischemic CRVO and non-ischemic CRVO. The demographic pattern of the patients was recorded. The other parameters studied were visual acuity, history of glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. The patients were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment.Results: The majority of the patients (n = 49, 66.2 %) had the ischemic type of CRVO, whereas, 25 (33.8 %) of them had the non-ischemic type. The CRVO was more commonly observed in males in both the groups. Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with CRVO. The visual improvement was significantly better in non-ischemic CRVO (RR = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01-0.31, p = 0.000). Conclusion: The CRVO was more common in males than in females. It was associated with systemic hypertension. The ischemic type of the CRVO was more prevalent than the non-ischemic one in this study. Visual outcome was better in the non-ischemic CRVO.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Jul 2, 2018
Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evid... more Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evidence that the cataract surgical quality is maintained in the camp setting and that patients achieve cost savings. Aims and Objective: To know whether the same quality cataract surgical care could be maintained in the Primary Eye Care Centres (PECCs) as the base hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective study at was carried out at Palpa Lions Lacoul Eye hospital (PLLEH) Gulmi, Arghakhanchi and Rampur PECCs. Total 1038 patients were examined and admitted one day prior to or on the same day of surgery. All patients were examined first post-operative day and after 2-3 weeks. Surgical complications, Visual acuity(VA) at discharge, 2-3 weeks were reported. Result: Out of 1038 patients, the male patients were 556 (53.6%) and females were 482 (46.4%). Five hundred six eyes (47.2%) had VA <3/60 and 179 eyes (16.7%) had VA <6/60-3/60 and 385 eyes (36%) had <6/18-6/60 preoperatively. On first postoperative day, 853 eyes (80%) had good, 144 (13 %) had borderline and 74 (7 %) had poor outcome. 5.6% eyes had intra-operative complications. On day one, Arghakhanchi had significantly worse (p < 0.05) Gulmi not significantly different and Rampur significantly better (p < 0.05
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Jan 11, 2016
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Optic atrophy is a clinical presentation in which the optic disc appears pale due to ... more Background: Optic atrophy is a clinical presentation in which the optic disc appears pale due to irreversible damage of retinal ganglion cells and axons in the anterior visual pathway. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the profile of optic atrophy cases in the neuro-ophthalmology department of a tertiary eye hospital and to identify the common causes and associated visual impairments. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, using convenience sampling method for data collection. Demographic data, medical history, and examinations were conducted on all included patients. Optic atrophy secondary to glaucomatous optic nerve damage was excluded. This study included both children and adults with both congenital and acquired patients with optic atrophy. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded and anterior segment examinations were conducted using a torchlight to assess pupillary reaction and sl...
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2014
Introduction. In children congenital cataracts represent 25% to 30% of avoidable blindness, and m... more Introduction. In children congenital cataracts represent 25% to 30% of avoidable blindness, and microphthalmus has been found in 7% to 17% of these patients. Our purpose is to report the outcomes and complications of congenital cataract sugery with Intraocular-Lens(IOL) implantation in microphthalmic eyes. In microphthalmic eyes IOL implantation is more challenging due to small anatomy, but it gives better visual prognosis than eyes left aphasic. SOX2 gene has been identified as a major causative gene of microphthalmus. Screening of SOX2 was performed.
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology
We read with keen interest the article by Shah et al "Pathologic Risk Factor in Retinoblasto... more We read with keen interest the article by Shah et al "Pathologic Risk Factor in Retinoblastoma: An Institutional Experience Based on Analysis of Enucleated Eyes"(Shah A et al, 2012). They have highlighted high-risk histopathological features in Retinoblastoma with retrolaminar optic nerve invasion being the most common and also showed statistically significant correlation of high risk histological features with tumor size and AJCC stage of tumor. Their aim to assess the frequency and spectrum of high risk histopathological features in enucleated specimens of retinoblastoma was successful which may guide the clinician in timely planning for subsequent neoadjuvant therapy and prevent further ocular morbidity and mortality in children. We would like to congratulate authors for this article and with invoked interest it led us to go in more depth and we wish to discuss several aspects of the study that can potentially influence the results.
Birat Journal of Health Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of bilateral blindness in Nepal. Surgery is the accepted... more Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of bilateral blindness in Nepal. Surgery is the accepted treatment option for cataract with Small incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and Phacoemusification being the common procedures being performed with comparable results. Corneal astigmatism has been a byproduct of cataract surgery since the first limbal incision was made with improved techniques. Self-sealing scleral pocket incisions are stable and provides early healing, faster visual restoration and more importantly superior astigmatism control. A variety of scleral incisions are being used in manual SICS, with the aim of keeping the post-operative astigmatism to a minimum. Despite having many techniques of scleral incision, there have been only few studies which compares surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) between them Objective: To determine surgical induced astigmatism following frown, chevron and straight incision forms in suture-less small incision cataract surgery(SICS). Methodology:...
Original Research Ar cle Yadav RD et al 1. Ophthalmologist, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Cen... more Original Research Ar cle Yadav RD et al 1. Ophthalmologist, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Center, Bhairahawa, Nepal. 2. Associate Professor, Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Center, Bhairahawa, Nepal. 3. Lecturer, Universal Collage of Nursing Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. * Corresponding Author Dr. Roshan Dev Yadav Lecturer General Ophthalmology Lumbini Eye Ins tute and Research Centre, Nepal Email ID: ro_rosn@yahoo.com ORCID ID: h ps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8356-3436 Affilia on © Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publica on with the work simultaneously licensed under Crea ve Commons A ribu on License CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and ini al publica on in this journal. A R T I C L E I N F O Received : 30 July, 2020 Accepted : 17 January, 2021 Published : 15 June, 2021
Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens ... more Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens (IOL) power is a common practice. However, long-term refractive status of these children is largely unknown. Aims and Objective: To analyse refractive status after cataract surgery with undercorrected IOL power implantation in congenital and developmental cataract. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive, retrospective conducted for three years from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2015. The children (> 6 months to <=7 years of age) who underwent cataract surgery for congenital and developmental cataract with a primary IOL implantation and had reached the age of 8 years were studied. The data were collected in terms of demography, axial length, biometry, IOL implanted, hyperopic correction and postoperative refractive status at 8 years. Results: Total numbers of children operated were 181 with total eyes 288. Unilateral cases were 74 (40.88%) and bilateral 107 (59.12%). ...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Infantile esotropia is misalignment of eyes from bifoveal fixation where surgical cor... more Background: Infantile esotropia is misalignment of eyes from bifoveal fixation where surgical correction at an early age usually presents with good outcomes. Aims and Objective: To compare the surgical outcome between bilateral medial rectus recession (BMR) and recession- resection (RR) surgery in infantile esotropia. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairahawa, from December 2017 to December 2018. Patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgical correction were included in the study. Patients were examined pre operatively, and post operatively at day one and third month, where the angle of deviation was measured and the level of binocular single vision (BSV) was assessed. Data was entered and analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Total 79 patients were included in the study out of which 33 underwent BMR and 46 underwent RR. The mean pre-operative angle by PBCT was 52.58 PD (SD ±15.468) in the BMR group and 47.83 PD (SD ±12.140) in...
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology
Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was ... more Introduction: There are not many studies of pediatric trauma in Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the visual outcome of pediatric traumatic cataract and causes of poor visual acuity. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective study, all children visiting the pediatric department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center with traumatic cataract and visual outcome after surgery from July 2018 to August 2019 were evaluated. A total of 136 children ranging from age (0 months to 15 years) with traumatic cataract were included in the study. Data on age of presentation, sex and diagnosis were collected from clinical charts and analyzed. Results: The study enrolled 136 cases with traumatic cataract. 72.1% male and 27.9% female patients were involved with the average age being 9.46 years (SD 2.95). Final visual acuity was better than 20/60 in 73 percent of the children. Visual acuity was poor in 27 percent of children. In children with poor visual acuit...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Enterobius vermiculari which is often referred as pinworm, is an intestinal nematode which is tra... more Enterobius vermiculari which is often referred as pinworm, is an intestinal nematode which is transmitted through fecal-oral route. The extraintestinal presentation of the worm is rare. A live worm, Enterobius vermicularis in anterior chamber is a very rare case. To present an unusual case of Enterobius vermicularis in anterior chamber of right eye in a 3 years old girl. Visual acuity assessment, slit lamp examination and ultrasonography of the eye were performed. The worm was found in anterior chamber of right eye at 8-9 o' clock hour position, coiling at the presentation. The living, white worm was freely moving and changing position frequently. There was hypopyon with exudates inferiorly. The pupil was irregular, posterior synechiae was present with cataractous lens. The living worm was removed surgically under general anesthesia and sent for microbiological examination. Synecholysis with lens aspiration and Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was done in second ...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evid... more Background: Base hospitals that provide cataract surgical services in outreach settings need evidence that the cataract surgical quality is maintained in the camp setting and that patients achieve cost savings.Aims and Objective: To know whether the same quality cataract surgical care could be maintained in the Primary Eye Care Centres (PECCs) as the base hospital.Material and Methods: A prospective study at was carried out at Palpa Lions Lacoul Eye hospital (PLLEH) Gulmi, Arghakhanchi and Rampur PECCs. Total 1038 patients were examined and admitted one day prior to or on the same day of surgery. All patients were examined first post-operative day and after 2 - 3 weeks. Surgical complications, Visual acuity(VA) at discharge, 2-3 weeks were reported.Result: Out of 1038 patients, the male patients were 556 (53.6%) and females were 482 (46.4%). Five hundred six eyes (47.2%) had VA <3/60 and 179 eyes (16.7%) had VA…