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Courses by Dr. Roula-Maria Dib

In this course, Dr. Roula-Maria Dib will talk about the importance of creative online communities... more In this course, Dr. Roula-Maria Dib will talk about the importance of creative online communities, which can be considered as inspirational learning environments for researchers, writers, and artists. You will learn more about the “distributed collective” model of digital communities such as journals and blogs, and how they can impact scholars and creatives. Dr. Dib will share her experience with her online literary and arts journal and will give some tips for opening your own digital collective or helping other founders with such initiatives.

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Conference Presentations by Dr. Roula-Maria Dib

Location: October 14: The Association of Jungian Analysts’ Centre in London and Online October 15... more Location:
October 14: The Association of Jungian Analysts’ Centre in London and Online
October 15: Online

“You see, man is in need of a symbolic life – badly in need… Only the symbolic life can express the need of the soul”– Carl Jung, London 1939 seminar for the Guild for Pastoral Psychology

We are delighted to announce our “Psyche and Symbol” conference, a transdisciplinary event that seeks to explore the captivating intersection of symbolism and psychology. The conference aims to delve into the profound connections between the human psyche and the myriad symbols that permeate our lives, shaping our understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

About the Conference:

The “Psyche and Symbol Conference” will serve as a platform for scholars, creatives, researchers, and practitioners from diverse fields, including psychology, literature, anthropology, art, mythology, and more, to come together and engage in stimulating discussions about the profound influence of symbols on the human mind.

Themes and Topics:

We invite abstract submissions for 15-minute presentations that explore various aspects of symbolism and psychology, including but not limited to:

Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious: Exploring the universal symbols embedded in the human psyche and their role in shaping cultures and societies.
Dreams and Symbols: Analyzing the role of symbolism in dreams and their significance in understanding the unconscious mind.
Symbolism in Literature and Art: Examining the use of symbols in different forms of arts-based research, such as literary works, visual arts, and other creative expressions, and their impact on individual and collective psyche.
Poetic Inquiry: how symbols appear in, arise from, and create both poetry and knowledge in arts-based research
Rituals and Symbolic Gestures: Investigating the symbolic nature of rituals and ceremonial practices in various cultures and their psychological implications.
Mythology and Symbolic Narratives: Unravelling the symbolic dimensions of mythological stories and their relevance in understanding human behaviour and belief systems.
Psychoanalysis and Symbolism: Discussing the contributions of psychoanalysis in deciphering the intricate web of symbols and their therapeutic applications.
Symbolism in Religion and Spirituality: Delving into the role of symbols in religious and spiritual practices, their transformative potential, and their psychological impact on believers.
Symbolism in Culture and Society: Exploring how symbols shape cultural identities, social norms, and collective worldviews.
Nature and Symbolism: Investigating the symbolism of the natural world and its profound influence on human perception and inner life.
The Future of Symbolism: Speculating on the evolving role of symbols in contemporary society and the digital age.
**Participants interested in attending the conference without presenting a paper are also welcome.

Submission Guidelines:

Abstracts should be submitted through https://forms.gle/gDjkfzFFfGQ75wCg6 by September 3, 2023.

Publication Opportunities:

Selected papers presented at the conference will be invited for publication in a special post-conference proceeding. Further details on submission guidelines and timelines will be provided after the conference.

Contact Information:

For any inquiries or clarifications, please reach out to our conference team on info@labrc.co.uk

We hope you can join us for an intellectually stimulating and transformative journey as we explore the profound realm of “Psyche and Symbol.” We look forward to welcoming you to our vibrant conference community!

Psychology & the Other Conferences, 2024

Save the Date! Psychology & the Other at Northeastern University, London, July 13-14, 2024! A con... more Save the Date! Psychology & the Other at Northeastern University, London, July 13-14, 2024! A convening space for academics, clinicians, and students, seeking dialogue about the role of interdisciplinary engagement in understanding the human condition.

Spatiality and Temporality, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (February 7, 2021), 2021

Canons and Values in Contemporary Literary Studies, Centre for Contemporary Literature and Culture, University of Birmingham (December 12, 2020): , 2020

Culinary Evolutions, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (August 22, 2020), 2020

Poetry Between Creation and Interpretation, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, 2020 (September 19-20, 2020), 2020

in Feminism(s) and Technology: A Depth Psychology Inquiry (endorsed by IAJS and Essex University PPS Dept), 2020

IAJS London Conference--Katabasis: The Descent of the Soul, 2019

International Medieval Congress, Leeds , 2019

“The Charm of the Unfamiliar”: Myth and Alterity in Early Modern Literature Durham University (June 2015)

The purpose of this paper is to address the key role of the divine feminine in the hero’s journey... more The purpose of this paper is to address the key role of the divine feminine in the hero’s journey toward transcendence in Cervantes’ early modern novel, Don Quixote, where individuation, or “personal alchemy,” is the protagonist’s goal. Like the ancient belief in gold-making, alchemy’s main aim is to unite the male and female forces within each individual. However, the author points out the missing feminine element that is the key to man’s personal and spiritual growth, making references to mythic goddesses, using symbols of alchemy, goddess cults, and the sacred feminine. Consequently, there is a suppressed feminine voice waiting to be freed; projections of the divine feminine on the journeys of the hero- quester have largely been abused or diminished, resulting in an imbalance between the male and female counterparts of the hero’s psyche, which has hindered Don Quixote’s alchemical journey. Therefore, within the folds of the novel, Don Quixote calls for an awareness of the opposites, being the masculine (animus) and feminine (anima) within oneself. The protagonist’s failure to connect with his feminine counterparts hinders his personal journey toward the perfection of the self. In light of a Jungian view on alchemy, in a smooth individuation, a hero must work toward balance and integration of the polarities, or the coniunctio—the marriage of male and female in alchemical transformation. However, a hero must first recognize his female counterpart, the anima, and become aware of its place within himself and the world.

Not until the early years of the 20th century that medieval alchemy was given psychological signi... more Not until the early years of the 20th century that medieval alchemy was given psychological significance. With the advent of Carl Gustav Jung's studies on the nature of alchemy as a metaphor for psychological processes, medieval alchemy played a crucial role in of modern psychology and has led to the discovery of the collective unconscious, which is an inherited reservoir of collective racial memories. My study intends to show the influence of medieval alchemy on the idea of collective memory in modern-day developments in Jungian psychology, showing the impact of the once-arcane on daily modern life.

This paper examines the relationship between language, alchemy, and Vorticist symbolism in Yeats’... more This paper examines the relationship between language, alchemy, and Vorticist symbolism in Yeats’s poetry. It is my contention to engage with Vorticism in the literal and visual implications of alchemical metaphor in Yeats’s poetry. Specifically, my interest lies in the artistic use Yeats makes of his alchemical knowledge through geometric manifestation. Some of his works, notably A Vision, revolve around alchemical symbols, taking their meanings and structures from them, and Yeats employs a geometric vocabulary in such works, where he features a collection of wheels and gyres, which take on Vorticist valences. Within the context of his poetry, Yeats’s geometric language, however, is linked with other significances, namely those related to alchemy and transformation. Yeats’s geometric figures represent transcendent, archetypical patterns that emerge from the details of individual lives and events. It is Yeats’s interest in alchemy and the occult that spiked his interest in geometric manifestation, due to the late nineteenth-century surge of interest in Hermeticism and alchemy; this interest led to a focus on geometric figures and archetypal interpretation of them, both methods that Yeats employs in his mystical poetry, treating his esotericism as a convenient language of symbols. Yeats developed his own symbolic system, and his achievement in relation to a poetic use of ‘alchemy’ is palpable in his skill at communicating the power and significance of symbols—through both language and geometric shapes— and in his expression and organization of these symbols. Therefore, Yeatsian philosophy and poetic works, alongside those of Vorticism, further bring a sense of the importance of ‘alchemy’ into modernist poetics.

Articles by Dr. Roula-Maria Dib

Telos Magazine, November 2020, 2020

International Journal of Jungian Studies (Brill), 2021

My article re-reads John Milton’s Paradise Lost through a feminist post-Jungian perspective; the ... more My article re-reads John Milton’s Paradise Lost through a feminist post-Jungian perspective; the study will observe the implications of contemporary Jungian critical approaches toward Milton’s portrayal of Eve, who helps Adam find ‘a paradise within …, happier far’ (PL 12. 587). I will first highlight the negative portrayal of an evil, intellectually inferior Eve in Paradise Lost, and ultimately re-reading the poem—and the role of Eve in it—from the perspective of a feminist Jung. The initial reading of Paradise Lost, in which Eve was regarded as inferior and complementary to Adam, reflects Jung’s criticized notion that the anima’s role is to complement a man’s psychology. This, however, can be read differently through a post-Jungian feminist perspective. From this new viewpoint, Eve can be regarded as Adam’s equal, rather than an inferior company, and a catalyst in their ‘coniunctio’, in which they both individuate (rather than Eve, the anima be subservient to Adam’s individuation) in Paradise Lost. Despite the vast differences between John Milton’s and Carl Jung’s cultural and historical backgrounds, this novel reading of Paradise Lost in context of revisions to Jung’s anima theory and theory of individuation offers a more positive view on the poet’s depiction of Eve in keeping with more recent developments in Milton scholarship, which have drawn attention to the way the text questions conventions of gender hierarchy and patriarchy.

The Modernist Review, 2021

The Journal of Wyndham Lewis Studies, Volume 10, 2019

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“You see, man is in need of a symbolic life – badly in need… Only the symbolic life can express the need of the soul”– Carl Jung, London 1939 seminar for the Guild for Pastoral Psychology

About the Conference:

Themes and Topics:

We invite abstract submissions for 15-minute presentations that explore various aspects of symbolism and psychology, including but not limited to:

Submission Guidelines:

Abstracts should be submitted through https://forms.gle/gDjkfzFFfGQ75wCg6 by September 3, 2023.

Publication Opportunities:

Contact Information:

For any inquiries or clarifications, please reach out to our conference team on info@labrc.co.uk

Psychology & the Other Conferences, 2024

Spatiality and Temporality, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (February 7, 2021), 2021

Canons and Values in Contemporary Literary Studies, Centre for Contemporary Literature and Culture, University of Birmingham (December 12, 2020): , 2020

Culinary Evolutions, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (August 22, 2020), 2020

Poetry Between Creation and Interpretation, London Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, 2020 (September 19-20, 2020), 2020

in Feminism(s) and Technology: A Depth Psychology Inquiry (endorsed by IAJS and Essex University PPS Dept), 2020

IAJS London Conference--Katabasis: The Descent of the Soul, 2019

International Medieval Congress, Leeds , 2019

“The Charm of the Unfamiliar”: Myth and Alterity in Early Modern Literature Durham University (June 2015)

Telos Magazine, November 2020, 2020

International Journal of Jungian Studies (Brill), 2021

The Modernist Review, 2021

The Journal of Wyndham Lewis Studies, Volume 10, 2019

Interdisciplinary Discourses, Education and Analysis (IDEA) Journal Issue 1 - Myth: Intersections and Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 2021

My paper shall discuss Jung’s stance on literature, with the definitive point made that Jung’s ap... more My paper shall discuss Jung’s stance on literature, with the definitive point made that Jung’s approach to literature may be viewed as valid insofar as for him, literature and artistic creativity more generally are not reducible to analytical psychology but are in their totality analogous

repositories of the same. The psychological aspect that I explore in Jungian poetics is the formation of such art in the creative self, in what is to Jung a transformative ‘psyche’, for which mythological and alchemical symbols contribute to expressions of the individuation process. Although Jung called for logos in his theories, he stressed the importance of mythos. Logos alone was not enough for understanding the psyche, and in turn, humanity; however, mythos, which can manifest as narrative or poetry with its language of symbolism and imagery, is necessary to reveal the hidden aspects of the collective unconscious in the work of individuals. I shall discuss how, for Jung, myths were narratives that both expressed and shaped the psyche, which is where poetry and psychology meet. Archetypes are not wholly discrete essences separate from empirical experience. Rather, they exist in the empirical world like transcendental truths as the constructors of individual experience.

Indelible, June 2021, 2021

Poetry Salzburg Review, No. 37

The Beirut Call (Elyssar Press), 2021

Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, 2020

An ekphrastic poem in response to Jackson Pollock's painting by the same name

The Ekphrastic Review, 2019

The Ekphrastic Review, February 2019, 2019

An ekphrastic poem, in response to Barbara Graff's painting, "Cinderella Doesn't Live here Anymore"

A poem published in the 2nd issue of ARAS (Archive for Research in Archetypal Symbolism)

Indelible (January 2021), 2021

Indelible (October 2019), 2019

Durham University PGENG, 2019

Simply Being is a celebration of the various facets of life, its blessings, beauties, and challen... more Simply Being is a celebration of the various facets of life, its blessings, beauties, and challenges. Exploring the richness of our manifold existence seen through the many different lenses beyond the quotidian and the mundane, Roula-Maria Dib looks at the multifariousness of reality and nuances of the self with its different roles and experiences, peeking into the parallel worlds of myth, and art, which infuse our everyday life. The poems in this collection are a compilation of verses on memories, aspirations, ekphrasis, and the different forms of love that shape us into who we are.

Lockdown Therapy Jungian Perspectives on How the Pandemic Changed Psychoanalysis Edited By Stefano Carpani, Monica Luci, 2022

This article explores the soothing effects and boundary-breaking role of poetry during the recent... more This article explores the soothing effects and boundary-breaking role of poetry during the recent times of global crisis. A few months into the pandemic, more poets from around the world were sharing their work, experiences, and ideas with each other on creative online platforms. By interviewing several well-established poets who have had their poems featured in and read during virtual poetry events of literary and arts journal Indelible, this work will look at the therapeutic side of poetry, which manifested during the unfolding of a literary community. It was a healing ritual for many; this chapter seeks to highlight this aspect, shedding light on some of the poets whom poetry has helped in coping with the pandemic. The results of the interviews came to show how writing poetry became a healing practice, one that offers an outlet for thoughts and feelings to be explored, as well as expressed.

The Descent of the Soul and the Archaic Katábasis and Depth Psychology Edited By Paul Bishop, Terence Dawson, Leslie Gardner, 2022

The role of katabasis, or ‘descent’ in the development of the spiritual psyche is a topic that ha... more The role of katabasis, or ‘descent’ in the development of the spiritual psyche is a topic that has been relatively unexplored in hagiographic literature, particularly in the stories of the Byzantine Greek Orthodox matericon, or ‘mothers of the church’ in the Middle East. These female saints have, in one way or another, escaped patriarchy, embarking on journeys of ascension towards spirituality, but through the routes of descending into various circumstances of self-destitution. A post-Jungian revisiting of this literature will show how, in addition to eliding a patriarchic social system, female saints such as Barbara, Tala, Marina, and Anna-Simon have achieved spiritual development, or individuation, by seeking refuge in maternal landscapes; they fled to camouflaging natural environments, katabatic womb-like abysses such as dark settings, cavernous spaces, and forests, which were sites of an inner coniunctio. Some post-Jungian studies may be helpful in approaching this subject, especially those that have looked into topics such as the heroine, women in war, pregnant darkness, the goddess culture, ecocriticism, and sexuality and the religious imagination. Synthesizing these post-Jungian perspectives, and revisiting this hagiographic literature through the lens of this fusion allows for a new reading beyond the classical one. The latter type focuses on the ascension and reflects a challenge of ‘worldly’ patriarchy in favor of a ‘father god’. However, a new reading highlighting the psychically-nourishing aspects of descent into nature, withdrawal into the self and thus the ‘underworld’ of the psyche will show the fruitful katabasis resulting in the heroism of ‘sainthood’.

Individuation and Liberty in a Globalized World Psychosocial Perspectives on Freedom after Freedom, 2022

Lavinia, the silent epic character originally in Virgil’s Aeneid, is given a voice and transforme... more Lavinia, the silent epic character originally in Virgil’s Aeneid, is given a voice and transformed into a heroine in Ursula Le Guin’s novel Lavinia. My chapter explores how, in the novel version, Lavinia is not only a heroine, but she is re-written into freedom, animated and individuated within the space of fiction and language. The freedom given to the female protagonist within this new dimension is the product of vivid active imagination, textual individuation, and the realm of possibilities rendered by the combination of reality, surreality, and possibilities within the novel’s quantum-like structure. According to Susan Rowland, ‘active imagination is a way of improving and enhancing individuation’, which is what the novel does with Lavinia; myth-like in its archetypal manifestations, with its plot and characters, it is in an active dialogue and relationship with the Aeneid, performing a living conversation between Lavinia and Virgil. The protagonist is aware of her (textual) existence, which is an individuating re-telling of the myth through her own voice. Within this unique dimension of possibilities offered by Le Guin’s writing is a non-conventional form of fiction resembling the laws of quantum mechanics, bringing life and liberation to Lavinia through the novel’s alternative forms of reality.

Music, Poetry and Language: Sound, sight and Speech in Comparative and Creative Connection, 2021

This unprecedented time of global crisis, with all its uncertainty and harshness, has also prov... more This unprecedented time of global crisis, with all its uncertainty and harshness, has also proven to be vital for creativity. It can be a time to use imagination in a way that we might not otherwise have done, a time to explore the inner world and be receptive to its images, allowing them to appear to us so we can paint them, draw them, write about them, or craft them into reality in any way our creativity allows us to… Plus, with the current circumstances, more virtual poetry events are popping up, gathering poets from different corners of the globe to share and showcase their creative work with each other. With such events on the rise, poetry communities are growing. Perhaps this can be seen as a positive side of the coronavirus pandemic, which, personally, was actually the main impetus for me to come up with the idea of developing an online poetry event series to complement the issues of Indelible, the literary journal that I edit.
Out of this experience with writing poetry, editing a literary journal, and organizing poetry events, I have found the unifying power of poetry, which, at this time, has given people a sense of community, togetherness, and interconnectedness. It is through the artistic use of language that we express and connect with one another, for it has been said that language is the means by which the universe enters the mind, and in poetic terms it’s also the means by which the mind can travel the cosmos in the space of a few lines. Also, despite the fact that the world is vast, digital poetry platforms are offering poets around the world a cozy “artistic” space to share with one another wherever they are, which also helps in offsetting the feelings of being imprisoned and escaping feelings generated by confinement and isolation.

Women (Re)Writing Milton, eds. Drs. Sharihan Al-Akhras and Mandy Greene (Routledge), 2021

My research seeks to revisit Milton’s Paradise Lost from a feminist perspective, but through a mo... more My research seeks to revisit Milton’s Paradise Lost from a feminist perspective, but through a more modern, revisionist lens; the study will observe the modern implications of Milton’s portrayal of Eve, who helps Adam despite the expulsion from Eden, find “a paradise within …happier far” (as archangel Michael says in the poem).

Eve, commonly associated and equated with Sin, can be read differently through the way Milton presents her in Paradise Lost, which goes against the common stereotypes and highlights the importance of the new perception of Eve, by whom “the Promised Seed shall all restore”, and who might be the “paradise within” Adam. By presenting her as the potential producer of Mary and Jesus, there is a sacred-ization along the sexualization of “Eve” as a progressing, redemptive heroine, “Mother of all Mankind”, rather than a negative gender stereotype. I shall explore the themes of equality, union, and the role of the anima (or the portrayed feminine counterpart of the psyche).

I also propose that John Milton, a late Renaissance poet, and Carl Jung, a modernist psychologist have both been seen under the rubrics of misogyny; however, common criticism of Milton’s misogyny can be refuted by re-reading Paradise Lost from a different angle. Similarly, some very recent and timely feminist revisions of Jung’s theories on the feminine (done by women such as Susan Rowland, Ann Ulanov, Demaris Wehr, and Elizabeth Eowyn-Nelson to name a few) have found ways to develop his gender theories. Thus, reading Paradise Lost, today, within the framework of another feminist revision—that on Jung and gender— can change definitions and perceptions of ‘feminine’ qualities removing the anima from its inferior status, and emphasizes the importance of its union with the animus—its opposite, but equal male counterpart—in individuation. Thus, the new reading will present the icon and archetype of Eve in a new and important light: wise, sacrificing, rational, redemptive, and forgiving.

Indelible (June, 2021), 2021

Theme: Food and Nurture So many of the things around us, both the edible and the non-edible, are... more Theme: Food and Nurture

So many of the things around us, both the edible and the non-edible, are “food” for us—for the tummy, for the mind, and for the soul. We ingest and digest what we taste, see, and hear, and we are either nourished or intoxicated by various life experiences. In other words, the world is brimming with all sorts of nourishment: From the aesthetic side of things, beauty nurtures the soul; from the social side, food is a means of bonding and communicating; in every culture, special foods have specific functions in traditions and rituals; in myths, foods play a symbolic role and can build or destruct a nation. Food is medicine, food is love, food is beaty and art in all its forms. It is a need, a want, and a pleasure. Most importantly, it is a source of inspiration, and plays a huge role in our lives—a role bigger than to manifest itself consciously to us all the time (unless we’re constantly hungry!).

The menu of this special issue of Indelible promises an artistic feast—a delectable assortment of literary and visual meals, with plenty of poems and stories that are food for thought and so many culinary artworks that will linger in our memories. Issue no. 5 will show food as images of home, snapshots of holidays, sketches of traditions (like fig drying, olive-picking, molasses making, kibbe pounding) or futuristic visions (pasta and UFO’s). You will also feast your eyes on ekphrastic works responding to Rembrandt and Chagall; paintings are also featured depicting food in moments of history that herald new beginnings in faraway lands. And then there are the wordsmith (or rather, wordchef) poets and writers that will take you on a journey among the artichokes and ice-cream, Coffee and caviar, Fruits and fries, where you will find tales of love, friendship and family, as well as tales of mystery revolving around bananas and bean croissants. Of course, there are also pieces about the less salubrious aspects of food: its abuse, its scarcity, and its wastage—from hunger to food crisis and food disorders. However, with food being thy medicine, various Indelible poets share their input on how poetry had been “food for the soul” in helping them deal with the pandemic.

This is a scintillating new issue—to be enjoyed with your favorite drink, a dash of inspiration, and a pinch of marvel. Have a good feast!

Indelible (January, 2021), 2021

Theme: Escapism

Indelible (Issue 3, April 2020), 2020

Theme: Skin in the Game

Indelible (Issue 2, October 2019), 2019

Theme: Tolerance

Indelible (Issue 1, March 2019), 2019

Theme: Thresholds

Routledge eBooks, May 10, 2024

Routledge eBooks, Aug 3, 2022

International Journal of Jungian Studies, Mar 2, 2021

Postgraduate English: A Journal and Forum for Postgraduates in English, 2019

Routledge eBooks, Apr 2, 2021

Routledge eBooks, Feb 19, 2020

Routledge eBooks, Oct 6, 2022

International Journal of Jungian Studies, Jun 10, 2019

This paper takes Jung’s essay ‘Ulysses’ as a case study in order to elucidate his opinion on the ... more This paper takes Jung’s essay ‘Ulysses’ as a case study in order to elucidate his opinion on the relationship between modern artists and mental insanity. The study seeks to contradict a common misconception that Jung ‘diagnoses’ modern artists such as Pablo Picasso and James Joyce with schizophrenia; instead, the paper sheds light on the cultural (not pathological) connections he makes between modern artists and art. The study examines Jung’s writings on modern art and aesthetics, aiming to dismantle some misinterpretations that might make his attitude toward them appear to be a diagnostic one. Above all, I suggest that through his reading of Ulysses, Jung shows how the feelings of confusion that arose in him can actually be reconstructive; this leads to what I would dub a ‘psychic synthesis’ through modern art. Finally, after clarifying Jung’s standpoint on modern art and insanity, this paper seeks to significantly contribute a revaluation of Jung on modernism.

Routledge eBooks, Oct 6, 2022

Routledge eBooks, Aug 3, 2022

This thesis will argue for the centrality of Carl Jung’s theory of individuation and alchemy in m... more This thesis will argue for the centrality of Carl Jung’s theory of individuation and alchemy in modernist poetics. Jung’s position in this context is relatively unexamined, and published works often represent misreadings and distortions of Jung’s theory in this field; in particular, Jungian literary criticism’s use of Jung’s theories of the anima, the collective unconscious, alchemy, and individuation. The specific works discussed in this novel context are H.D.’s Trilogy, Yeats’s poems and A Vision, and Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses, and Finnegans Wake. These works will be read in light of Jung’s central theme of alchemy, which is a metaphor for ‘individuation’, or personal development, a process attained through an ‘alchemical marriage’, or union of antinomial (‘male’ and ‘female’) elements of the psyche. In the works of H.D., Yeats, and Joyce, there are attempts at developing a related alchemical model, a Jungian poetics, which serves to expand a reader’...

International Journal of Jungian Studies

Jungian Metaphor in Modernist Literature