Federico Campanile | Leiden University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Federico Campanile

In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecution... more In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecutions against Christianity in North Korea. The rationale at the basis of such human rights violation is sold into a narrative of national humiliation. Particularly, Christianity is seen by the DPRK regime as an imperialistic tool in the hands of the United States. Moreover, the ousting of any foreign religion is a prerequisite for establishing and reproducing a political cult constructed around the deified figures of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jung Il.

Liang Qichao (1873-1929) is commonly regarded worldwide as one of the most important advocate of... more Liang Qichao (1873-1929) is commonly regarded worldwide as one of the most important advocate of China’s modernity. His contribution in education, politics, literature, and journalism gave Chinese people a new lens trough which observe, incorporate, or refuse Western modernization in the late-Qing period, as well as during the first republican era. Through the observation of Western countries, along with the booming Japanese empire, Liang Qichao, following the precepts of his master and friend Kang Youwei, realized the pivotal importance of the civil religion in shaping the national identity. Actually, both of them regarded the Western secularism as the principal reason that brought the Christian powers to the main stage of global dominance. Yet, he was very aware of the need of adapting laicism to the context of his own country. Particularly, during what Levenson label as Liang Qichao’s second intellectual phase, namely from the collapse of One Hunded Day Reform (1898) movement up to the end of World War First (1919), the secularism argument was redundant in his thoughts. At this particularly stage of his life, Liang understood that China’s cultural change should find roots in the old-new opposition, rather than on the West-East dichotomy. Secularism was the way to development and self-strengthening, but a typical Chinese component was to be adopted. Confucianism resulted to be the best choice for his purpose as it is a deeply-rooted tradition in Chinese history, culture, politics, and religious realms. However, being Confucianism generally considered as the “Chinese Tradition”, many Liang’s contemporaries interpreted this system of thought in a speculative nativist way. In this regard, a question arise. Was Liang Qichao a nativist during this period too? Or, being more accurate, had Liang Qichao’s theories about the nation from 1898 to 1911 a nativist strand?

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In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecution... more In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecutions against Christianity in North Korea. The rationale at the basis of such human rights violation lies is constructed on a narrative of national humiliation. Particularly, Christianity is seen by the DPRK regime as an imperialistic tool in the hands of the United States. Moreover, the ousting of any foreign religion is a prerequisite for establishing and reproducing a political cult constructed around the deified figures of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jung Il.

In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecution... more In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecutions against Christianity in North Korea. The rationale at the basis of such human rights violation is sold into a narrative of national humiliation. Particularly, Christianity is seen by the DPRK regime as an imperialistic tool in the hands of the United States. Moreover, the ousting of any foreign religion is a prerequisite for establishing and reproducing a political cult constructed around the deified figures of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jung Il.

Liang Qichao (1873-1929) is commonly regarded worldwide as one of the most important advocate of... more Liang Qichao (1873-1929) is commonly regarded worldwide as one of the most important advocate of China’s modernity. His contribution in education, politics, literature, and journalism gave Chinese people a new lens trough which observe, incorporate, or refuse Western modernization in the late-Qing period, as well as during the first republican era. Through the observation of Western countries, along with the booming Japanese empire, Liang Qichao, following the precepts of his master and friend Kang Youwei, realized the pivotal importance of the civil religion in shaping the national identity. Actually, both of them regarded the Western secularism as the principal reason that brought the Christian powers to the main stage of global dominance. Yet, he was very aware of the need of adapting laicism to the context of his own country. Particularly, during what Levenson label as Liang Qichao’s second intellectual phase, namely from the collapse of One Hunded Day Reform (1898) movement up to the end of World War First (1919), the secularism argument was redundant in his thoughts. At this particularly stage of his life, Liang understood that China’s cultural change should find roots in the old-new opposition, rather than on the West-East dichotomy. Secularism was the way to development and self-strengthening, but a typical Chinese component was to be adopted. Confucianism resulted to be the best choice for his purpose as it is a deeply-rooted tradition in Chinese history, culture, politics, and religious realms. However, being Confucianism generally considered as the “Chinese Tradition”, many Liang’s contemporaries interpreted this system of thought in a speculative nativist way. In this regard, a question arise. Was Liang Qichao a nativist during this period too? Or, being more accurate, had Liang Qichao’s theories about the nation from 1898 to 1911 a nativist strand?

In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecution... more In this paper, I analyzed the historical, political, and epistemological reasons for persecutions against Christianity in North Korea. The rationale at the basis of such human rights violation lies is constructed on a narrative of national humiliation. Particularly, Christianity is seen by the DPRK regime as an imperialistic tool in the hands of the United States. Moreover, the ousting of any foreign religion is a prerequisite for establishing and reproducing a political cult constructed around the deified figures of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jung Il.