Dorota Liszczyk | Universiteit Leiden (original) (raw)
ARTICLES by Dorota Liszczyk
Polish Quaterly of International Affairs
The aim of this article is to give an overview of the European External Action Service (EEAS) sta... more The aim of this article is to give an overview of the European External Action Service (EEAS) staffing policy to date as a result of the interaction between its regulations, recruitment practices, the service’s hybrid structure and its expectations towards its performance.
Polish Quarterly of International Affairs
On 6 May 2012, the French chose a new president, François Hollande of the Socialist party. The fu... more On 6 May 2012, the French chose a new president, François Hollande of the Socialist party. The future shape of French European policy lies in the most important questions raised by this change. Traditionally, European issues were reluctantly included in the pre-election debate. Nevertheless, the problems affecting the EU and the accompanying discussions about the future of Europe meant the candidates for president could not remain completely indifferent to these issues. Because campaigns never take part in a political, economic or social vacuum, the EU debate was strongly influenced by the country’s economic situation, the public’s expectations as well as the dynamic EU agenda.
![Research paper thumbnail of French debate on the project of the European Defense Community (1950-1954). The biggest ideological and political dispute since the time of Dreyfus? [in Polish]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32221131/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](REPORTS by Dorota Liszczyk
PISM Report
In the context of the forthcoming review of the European External Action Service, scheduled for 2... more In the context of the forthcoming review of the European External Action Service, scheduled for 2013, staff issues may well find themselves in the spotlight given their importance for the efficiency of this structure. The current personnel policy and recruitment process – carefully watched by the Member States – have reduced the imbalances in the representation of individual EU members within the EEAS staff, but not eliminated them. The review should, therefore, provide an opportunity to search for further acceptable solutions to compensate existing deficits, so that European diplomacy is equipped with the competencies and skills to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century.
PISM Report, Oct 2011
The report seeks to explore the reasons behind the stark polarization of the European debate abou... more The report seeks to explore the reasons behind the stark polarization of the European debate about shale gas. Supporters of exploration and production from shale gas deposits consider it an opportunity to significantly alter the political and economic rules affecting Europe’s energy security. Critics tend to interpret the development of the shale gas industry as a threat to the environment, a challenge to the existing strategies of limiting the green-house gas emissions, or a competition to the well-entrenched economic interests.
Thus the report analyzes the politics of shale gas, looking into debates in the select European countries and probing the activities of the EU institutions (the EU Council, the Commission, the European Parliament) in this sphere. The authors investigated a broad array of factors that influence the preferences of the key players: approach to the optimal energy mix, desired level of diversification of energy supplies, or the perception of natural gas imports from an energy security angle. In addition, the report highlights the significance of the North American experience with shale gas exploration and development as a crucial determinant of the European debate.
![Research paper thumbnail of Shale Gas – Opportunities and Challenges for Poland and the European Union [in Polish]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32222054/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](
PISM Report, Dec 2012
Since the presidential election in the spring of 2012, French European policy has been in the spo... more Since the presidential election in the spring of 2012, French European policy has been in the spotlight. France’s position under the leadership of the new president, François Hollande, on the possible scenarios of the development of the European project, was the main theme of the conference organised by the Polish Institute of International Affairs. Invited to participate in the debate were: Alain Richard, senator and former defense minister of France, French Ambassador to Poland Pierre Buhler and Professor Zaki Laïdi from the Centre for European Studies Science Po. This report presents the main conclusions from the debate, as well as analysis of the situation within the Socialist Party, Franco-German relations and the French approach to future cooperation within the framework of the Common Security and Defence Policy."
ANALYSES by Dorota Liszczyk
PISM Strategic File
The March informal meeting of EU foreign ministers (Gymnich) marks the starting point of a channe... more The March informal meeting of EU foreign ministers (Gymnich) marks the starting point of a channelled discussion on EEAS review, creating the prospect for improvements in the institutional dimension of EU external activity. The exercise presents in particular an opportunity to develop a stronger sense of ownership in EU foreign policy. However, the review as such needs to be adequately managed and structured. Thus, the relevant actors should have a say as to the scope, timing and conduct of the review. Under this precondition, the effort invested in the review could contribute to a recommitment by the member states and consequently strengthen the EU’s performance on the international stage.
PISM Bulletin, May 2013
In the ongoing debate on the euro crisis, the strengthening of democracy in EU affa... more In the ongoing debate on the euro crisis, the strengthening of democracy in EU affairs is often
presented as a precondition for securing the adopted solutions. This has led to discussions on the role
and place of parliaments in the EU’s institutional architecture. While still in gestation, the Inter-
parliamentary Conference for the Common Foreign and Security Policy has already succeeded in
dealing with democratic constraints in this area of EU activity. The operating procedures of this
structure, laboriously worked out, can be instructive for other potential forums of parliamentary
cooperation on the EU level.
Expert opinion posted on the website of the European Commission Representation in Poland, Jan 2013
Bulletin PISM, Oct 18, 2012
The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union (fiscal c... more The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union (fiscal compact) adds little to the EU’s crisis-management repertoire compared to the EU law framework. Its intergovernmental character, separate from EU law, has thus been the subject of more attention than its instruments to enforce budgetary discipline. The debate around the ratification of the fiscal compact by a new French Parliament provides a useful bellwether for Poland and other pre-ins (Member States committed to join the eurozone) as to whether the new Socialist government will pursue exclusive forms of cooperation as its predecessor did.
Bulletin PISM, May 9, 2011
Although the new French president, Socialist François Hollande, will not introduce great changes ... more Although the new French president, Socialist François Hollande, will not introduce great changes in France’s European policy, his election may, however, lead to its re-evaluation. Whether he undertakes structural reforms to boost the French economy will be crucial to the economic condition of Europe. In declaring the opening of Franco–German relations to other EU players, he also offers opportunities for better cooperation with Poland. "
Bulletin PISM, Apr 20, 2012
European issues are a subject of controversy in France and there is reluctance to include them in... more European issues are a subject of controversy in France and there is reluctance to include them in pre-election debates. However, the debt crisis affecting Europe, along with the economic slowdown and accompanying discussions about the future of Europe, means the candidates for president of France cannot remain indifferent to the problems affecting the European Union. The current course of the campaign shows the candidates have chosen a defensive approach to the problem, avoiding the formulation of an ambitious vision for the functioning of the European Union.
Bulletin PISM, Mar 29, 2013
At the end of February, France was the first country in the European Union to launch a procedure ... more At the end of February, France was the first country in the European Union to launch a procedure for ratification of the Treaty Establishing the European Stability Mechanism. The houses of the French parliament adopted both this document as well as the European Council decision amending Article 136 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. The debate that accompanied ratification showed the differences between the main political parties and lack of unanimity on the left. Also, the wider European context and the influence of the ongoing French presidential election campaign characterized the discussion.
Expert opinion posted on the website of the European Commission Representation in Poland, Nov 2011
Events in North Africa have led to increased pressure on the southern borders of the European Uni... more Events in North Africa have led to increased pressure on the southern borders of the European Union. This has highlighted problems with the EU’s management of its external borders and affected the pace of work on reforms in the area of home affairs. The European Parliament on 13 September adopted a draft regulation amending the rules of the functioning of the Frontex Agency, finalizing negotiations in this regard. The Polish presidency faces a challenge in the coordination of the first phase of negotiations on the modification of Schengen law.
Bulletin PISM, May 31, 2011
A significant limitation of the rotating presidency’s powers within the area of the European Unio... more A significant limitation of the rotating presidency’s powers within the area of the European Union’s external activities, arising from the provisions of the Treaty of Lisbon, entails the need to develop a new formula of cooperation between the country holding the presidency of the EU Council and EU policy-makers responsible for implementing the EU’s foreign policy. The experience of the Belgian as well as Hungarian presidencies shows that a model for a “supporting presidency,” which is being shaped, is likely to prevail as the most optimal in this type of inter-institutional relation.
![Research paper thumbnail of France and the Crisis in the North Africa [in Polish]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32222371/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Bulletin PISM, Mar 17, 2011
Bulletin PISM, Feb 16, 2011
The post of the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR), created by t... more The post of the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR), created by the Lisbon Treaty (LT) in response to the former institutional dualism of EU foreign policy, intends both to improve the external representation of the EU and clearly to highlight the centre responsible for conducting the CFSP. After more than a year in office, HR Catherine Ashton has not yet overcome the dysfunction in the EU's foreign policy.
Bulletin PISM , Feb 10, 2011
Several weeks of violent anti-government demonstrations in Tunisia, which on 14 January led to th... more Several weeks of violent anti-government demonstrations in Tunisia, which on 14 January led to the resignation of President Zin al-Abidin Ben Ali are an unprecedented event in the history of the state. France's highly restrained position on these incidents is consistent with previous French policy towards Tunisia. For more than two decades, support from Paris for the former president was intended to guarantee stability in Tunisia and protect the country against the development of Islamic fundamentalism within its territory. In the future, any assistance to Tunisia should be conditioned on Tunisian authorities' respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Polish Quaterly of International Affairs
The aim of this article is to give an overview of the European External Action Service (EEAS) sta... more The aim of this article is to give an overview of the European External Action Service (EEAS) staffing policy to date as a result of the interaction between its regulations, recruitment practices, the service’s hybrid structure and its expectations towards its performance.
Polish Quarterly of International Affairs
On 6 May 2012, the French chose a new president, François Hollande of the Socialist party. The fu... more On 6 May 2012, the French chose a new president, François Hollande of the Socialist party. The future shape of French European policy lies in the most important questions raised by this change. Traditionally, European issues were reluctantly included in the pre-election debate. Nevertheless, the problems affecting the EU and the accompanying discussions about the future of Europe meant the candidates for president could not remain completely indifferent to these issues. Because campaigns never take part in a political, economic or social vacuum, the EU debate was strongly influenced by the country’s economic situation, the public’s expectations as well as the dynamic EU agenda.
PISM Report
In the context of the forthcoming review of the European External Action Service, scheduled for 2... more In the context of the forthcoming review of the European External Action Service, scheduled for 2013, staff issues may well find themselves in the spotlight given their importance for the efficiency of this structure. The current personnel policy and recruitment process – carefully watched by the Member States – have reduced the imbalances in the representation of individual EU members within the EEAS staff, but not eliminated them. The review should, therefore, provide an opportunity to search for further acceptable solutions to compensate existing deficits, so that European diplomacy is equipped with the competencies and skills to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century.
PISM Report, Oct 2011
The report seeks to explore the reasons behind the stark polarization of the European debate abou... more The report seeks to explore the reasons behind the stark polarization of the European debate about shale gas. Supporters of exploration and production from shale gas deposits consider it an opportunity to significantly alter the political and economic rules affecting Europe’s energy security. Critics tend to interpret the development of the shale gas industry as a threat to the environment, a challenge to the existing strategies of limiting the green-house gas emissions, or a competition to the well-entrenched economic interests.
Thus the report analyzes the politics of shale gas, looking into debates in the select European countries and probing the activities of the EU institutions (the EU Council, the Commission, the European Parliament) in this sphere. The authors investigated a broad array of factors that influence the preferences of the key players: approach to the optimal energy mix, desired level of diversification of energy supplies, or the perception of natural gas imports from an energy security angle. In addition, the report highlights the significance of the North American experience with shale gas exploration and development as a crucial determinant of the European debate.
PISM Report, Dec 2012
Since the presidential election in the spring of 2012, French European policy has been in the spo... more Since the presidential election in the spring of 2012, French European policy has been in the spotlight. France’s position under the leadership of the new president, François Hollande, on the possible scenarios of the development of the European project, was the main theme of the conference organised by the Polish Institute of International Affairs. Invited to participate in the debate were: Alain Richard, senator and former defense minister of France, French Ambassador to Poland Pierre Buhler and Professor Zaki Laïdi from the Centre for European Studies Science Po. This report presents the main conclusions from the debate, as well as analysis of the situation within the Socialist Party, Franco-German relations and the French approach to future cooperation within the framework of the Common Security and Defence Policy."
PISM Strategic File
The March informal meeting of EU foreign ministers (Gymnich) marks the starting point of a channe... more The March informal meeting of EU foreign ministers (Gymnich) marks the starting point of a channelled discussion on EEAS review, creating the prospect for improvements in the institutional dimension of EU external activity. The exercise presents in particular an opportunity to develop a stronger sense of ownership in EU foreign policy. However, the review as such needs to be adequately managed and structured. Thus, the relevant actors should have a say as to the scope, timing and conduct of the review. Under this precondition, the effort invested in the review could contribute to a recommitment by the member states and consequently strengthen the EU’s performance on the international stage.
PISM Bulletin, May 2013
In the ongoing debate on the euro crisis, the strengthening of democracy in EU affa... more In the ongoing debate on the euro crisis, the strengthening of democracy in EU affairs is often
presented as a precondition for securing the adopted solutions. This has led to discussions on the role
and place of parliaments in the EU’s institutional architecture. While still in gestation, the Inter-
parliamentary Conference for the Common Foreign and Security Policy has already succeeded in
dealing with democratic constraints in this area of EU activity. The operating procedures of this
structure, laboriously worked out, can be instructive for other potential forums of parliamentary
cooperation on the EU level.
Expert opinion posted on the website of the European Commission Representation in Poland, Jan 2013
Bulletin PISM, Oct 18, 2012
The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union (fiscal c... more The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union (fiscal compact) adds little to the EU’s crisis-management repertoire compared to the EU law framework. Its intergovernmental character, separate from EU law, has thus been the subject of more attention than its instruments to enforce budgetary discipline. The debate around the ratification of the fiscal compact by a new French Parliament provides a useful bellwether for Poland and other pre-ins (Member States committed to join the eurozone) as to whether the new Socialist government will pursue exclusive forms of cooperation as its predecessor did.
Bulletin PISM, May 9, 2011
Although the new French president, Socialist François Hollande, will not introduce great changes ... more Although the new French president, Socialist François Hollande, will not introduce great changes in France’s European policy, his election may, however, lead to its re-evaluation. Whether he undertakes structural reforms to boost the French economy will be crucial to the economic condition of Europe. In declaring the opening of Franco–German relations to other EU players, he also offers opportunities for better cooperation with Poland. "
Bulletin PISM, Apr 20, 2012
European issues are a subject of controversy in France and there is reluctance to include them in... more European issues are a subject of controversy in France and there is reluctance to include them in pre-election debates. However, the debt crisis affecting Europe, along with the economic slowdown and accompanying discussions about the future of Europe, means the candidates for president of France cannot remain indifferent to the problems affecting the European Union. The current course of the campaign shows the candidates have chosen a defensive approach to the problem, avoiding the formulation of an ambitious vision for the functioning of the European Union.
Bulletin PISM, Mar 29, 2013
At the end of February, France was the first country in the European Union to launch a procedure ... more At the end of February, France was the first country in the European Union to launch a procedure for ratification of the Treaty Establishing the European Stability Mechanism. The houses of the French parliament adopted both this document as well as the European Council decision amending Article 136 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. The debate that accompanied ratification showed the differences between the main political parties and lack of unanimity on the left. Also, the wider European context and the influence of the ongoing French presidential election campaign characterized the discussion.
Expert opinion posted on the website of the European Commission Representation in Poland, Nov 2011
Events in North Africa have led to increased pressure on the southern borders of the European Uni... more Events in North Africa have led to increased pressure on the southern borders of the European Union. This has highlighted problems with the EU’s management of its external borders and affected the pace of work on reforms in the area of home affairs. The European Parliament on 13 September adopted a draft regulation amending the rules of the functioning of the Frontex Agency, finalizing negotiations in this regard. The Polish presidency faces a challenge in the coordination of the first phase of negotiations on the modification of Schengen law.
Bulletin PISM, May 31, 2011
A significant limitation of the rotating presidency’s powers within the area of the European Unio... more A significant limitation of the rotating presidency’s powers within the area of the European Union’s external activities, arising from the provisions of the Treaty of Lisbon, entails the need to develop a new formula of cooperation between the country holding the presidency of the EU Council and EU policy-makers responsible for implementing the EU’s foreign policy. The experience of the Belgian as well as Hungarian presidencies shows that a model for a “supporting presidency,” which is being shaped, is likely to prevail as the most optimal in this type of inter-institutional relation.
Bulletin PISM, Mar 17, 2011
Bulletin PISM, Feb 16, 2011
The post of the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR), created by t... more The post of the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR), created by the Lisbon Treaty (LT) in response to the former institutional dualism of EU foreign policy, intends both to improve the external representation of the EU and clearly to highlight the centre responsible for conducting the CFSP. After more than a year in office, HR Catherine Ashton has not yet overcome the dysfunction in the EU's foreign policy.
Bulletin PISM , Feb 10, 2011
Several weeks of violent anti-government demonstrations in Tunisia, which on 14 January led to th... more Several weeks of violent anti-government demonstrations in Tunisia, which on 14 January led to the resignation of President Zin al-Abidin Ben Ali are an unprecedented event in the history of the state. France's highly restrained position on these incidents is consistent with previous French policy towards Tunisia. For more than two decades, support from Paris for the former president was intended to guarantee stability in Tunisia and protect the country against the development of Islamic fundamentalism within its territory. In the future, any assistance to Tunisia should be conditioned on Tunisian authorities' respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Bulletin PISM, Jan 24, 2011
The formation and strengthening of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) has been the sub... more The formation and strengthening of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) has been the subject of traditional and special interests in France, which sought to develop the civil and military potential of the EU, to improve the institutional dimension of this form of cooperation, to streamline and to enhance the competitiveness of the European defence industry and to draw up the CSDP's strategic foundation. In recent months, a noticeable decline has been observed in French interest in building a genuine l'Europe de la défense, which indicates a re-evaluation of the traditional French political line on this issue.
Bulletin PISM, Oct 22, 2010
In the context of the debate on the need to increase coherence, effectiveness and visibility of E... more In the context of the debate on the need to increase coherence, effectiveness and visibility of EU’s foreign policy, the problem of the conceptualisation of the European Union’s strategic partnership deserves special attention. Decisions taken by the European Council on 16 September are not ground-breaking in this respect and do not clarify the fundamental objections formulated with regard to this instrument. As announced by the President of the European Council, however, the developed guidelines are just the beginning of a process that consistent implementation could produce positive results.
Bulletin PISM, Sep 6, 2010
La création du Service européen d'action extérieure (SEAE) implique une reconstruction profonde d... more La création du Service européen d'action extérieure (SEAE) implique une reconstruction profonde de l'architecture institutionnelle existante de la PESC et à long terme met en question le sens de la continuité du fonctionnement des représentants spéciaux de l'UE (RSUE). Malgré l'absence,
au niveau de l'UE, d’un concept de longue durée pour l’avenir de ses fonctionnaires, le Conseil de l’UE le 11 août a décidé de liquider fin février 2011 les postes des SRUE pour le Caucase du Sud, la Moldavie, la Macédoine et pour le processus de paix au Moyen Orient. Les mandats des sept autres RSUE ont été prolongés d'un an.
Bulletin PISM, Jul 7, 2010
After almost three months of negotiations, on 21 June 2010 the presidency of the EU Council, the... more After almost three months of negotiations, on 21 June 2010 the presidency of the EU Council, the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR), the European Commission (EC) and the European Parliament (EP) reached a political agreement on a proposed Council decision establishing the organization and functioning of the EEAS. As announced by representatives of EU institutions, the EEAS is to become operational as of 1 December 2010.
Bulletin PISM, May 18, 2010
In the first half of 2010 the holder of the presidency of the Western European Union (WEU), Spain... more In the first half of 2010 the holder of the presidency of the Western European Union (WEU), Spain, announced in a statement made on 31 March this year that the organization was being dissolved. In accordance with the procedure provided for in the Modified Brussels Treaty, all WEU activity will cease by the end of June 2011. The treaty itself will also cease to be effective. These decisions will not have any adverse consequences for the development of European cooperation with respect to security and defense.
Service Public Europe, May 28, 2013
As public support for the European Union plummets, the bloc's competencies continue to grow. It m... more As public support for the European Union plummets, the bloc's competencies continue to grow. It makes the issue of democracy even more burning. In that context, cooperation between parliaments -national and European -inevitably features as an option. The logic is clear: interparliamentary cooperation is the only real means to scrutinise decisions that are taken on different political levels.
Warsaw Business Journal, Apr 30, 2011
![Research paper thumbnail of Catherine Ashton assisted by the Polish Presidency. Institutional cooperation in foreign policy of the European Union [in Polish]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32222213/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Gazeta Wyborcza, Nov 28, 2011
Polska prezydencja w Radzie Unii Europejskiej wkroczyła w finalną fazę. Do jej końca pozostał tyl... more Polska prezydencja w Radzie Unii Europejskiej wkroczyła w finalną fazę. Do jej końca pozostał tylko jeden miesiąc, który będzie okresem intensywnych prac. Grudzień to już ostatni dzwonek na podjęcie prób sfinalizowania poszczególnych punktów unijnej agendy, zanim urzędnicy i deputowani wybiorą się na zasłużoną przerwę świąteczną. Prezydencji na tym zależy, bowiem to jej skuteczność negocjacyjna, a co za tym idzie stopień realizacji priorytetów programowych poddane zostaną już niebawem wnikliwej ocenie decydentów, ośrodków analitycznych oraz dziennikarzy.
EUobserver.com, Oct 12, 2011
Foreign-policy activities were among the most important and prestigious prerogatives of the rotat... more Foreign-policy activities were among the most important and prestigious prerogatives of the rotating EU presidencies in the pre-Lisbon-Treaty era. The treaty ceded them mainly to the high representative and the European External Action Service (EEAS) and led to the marginalisation of the presidency in EU foreign policy.
More than any other Member State, Poland feels the dangers of the separation of the EU into insid... more More than any other Member State, Poland feels the dangers of the separation of the EU into insiders and outsiders. The country’s economic, political and security standing is bound up with its further integration into a strong European Union, but the intrusive reforms being carried out to restore the Eurozone risk excluding not just it and other non-euro members but the arc of states to its east. Poland has thus fallen victim to 2004’s “incomplete enlargement” of the bloc. So far, Poland has enjoyed sympathy and support from euro members such as Germany, and as a “pre-in” to the currency has been entitled to co-define the development of Eurozone governance. However, its EU partners appear increasingly intolerant of its demands for inclusion. When it ratified its EU accession treaty, they argue, Poland undertook to join the common currency. If it wants to ensure that it is included in decision-making, Warsaw simply needs to re-commit with a firm roadmap. This assertion that Poland’s ...