PHAROS Femtosecond Lasers - LIGHT CONVERSION (original) (raw)
Modular-Design Femtosecond Lasers for Industry and Science PHAROS Lasers
- Tunable pulse duration, 100 fs – 20 ps
- Maximum pulse energy of up to 4 mJ
- Down to < 100 fs right at the output
- Pulse-on-demand and BiBurst for pulse control
- Up to 5th harmonic or tunable extensions
- CEP stabilization or repetition rate locking
- Thermally-stabilized and sealed design
Features
- Tunable pulse duration, 100 fs – 20 ps
- Maximum pulse energy of up to 4 mJ
- Down to < 100 fs right at the output
- Pulse-on-demand and BiBurst for pulse control
- Up to 5th harmonic or tunable extensions
- CEP stabilization or repetition rate locking
- Thermally-stabilized and sealed design
PHAROS is a series of femtosecond lasers combining multi‑millijoule pulse energy and high average power. PHAROS features a mechanical and optical design optimized for both scientific and industrial applications. Its compact, thermally‑stabilized, and sealed design enables PHAROS integration into various optical setups and machining workstations. The robust optomechanical design provides an exceptional laser lifetime and stable operation in varying environments.
The tunability of PHAROS allows the system to cover applications normally requiring multiple different laser systems. Tunable parameters include pulse duration (100 fs – 20 ps), repetition rate (single-shot – 1 MHz), pulse energy (up to 4 mJ), and average power (up to 20 W).
A pulse-on-demand mode is available using the built-in pulse picker. The versatility of PHAROS femtosecond lasers can be extended by a variety of options, including carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stabilization, repetition rate locking to an external source, automated harmonic modules, and optical parametric amplifiers.
PHAROS lasers have an option for tunable GHz and MHz burst with burst-in-burst capability – called BiBurst. In standard mode, a single pulse is emitted at some fixed frequency. In burst mode, the output consists of pulse packets instead of single pulses. Each packet consists of a certain number of equally separated pulses. MHz‑Burst contains N pulses with a nanosecond period, GHz‑Burst contains P pulses with a picosecond period. If both bursts are used, the equally separated pulse packets contain sub‑packets of pulses (burst‑in‑burst, BiBurst).
PHAROS lasers equipped with automated harmonic generators (HGs) provide a selection of fundamental (1030 nm), second (515 nm), third (343 nm), fourth (257 nm), or fifth (206 nm) harmonic outputs using software control. HGs are perfect for industrial applications that require a single-wavelength output. Modules, mounted directly at the output of the laser, are fully integrated into the system.
The industrial-grade optical parametric amplifier I-OPA series marks a new era of simplicity in the world of wavelength‑tunable femtosecond sources. Based on decades of experience with optical parametric amplifiers, this solution combines wavelength tunability with robust industrial design. The I-OPA is integrated into the laser; thus, the single-box solution provides mechanical stability and eliminates the effects of air turbulence, minimizing energy fluctuations and ensuring stable long-term performance.
PHAROS lasers can be equipped with feedback electronics for carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stabilization of the output pulses. The carrier-envelope offset (CEO) of the PHAROS oscillator is actively locked to 1/4th of the repetition rate with a < 100 mrad standard deviation. The CEP stable pulses from the synchronized amplifier have a < 350 mrad standard deviation. The CEP drift occurring inside the amplifier and the user’s setup can be compensated with an out of loop f-2f interferometer, which is a part of the complete PHAROS active CEP stabilization package.
The oscillator of PHAROS laser can be customized for repetition rate locking applications. Coupled with the necessary feedback electronics, the repetition rate is synchronized to an external RF source using the two piezo stages installed inside the cavity. The repetition rate locking system can assure an integrated timing jitter of less than 200 fs for RF reference frequencies larger than 500 MHz. Continuous phase shifting is available on request.
X. Li, C. Li, Y. Xu, Q. Liu, M. Bahri, L. Zhang, N. D. Browning, A. J. Cowan, and J. Tang, Nature Energy 9 (8), 1013–1022 (2023).
H. Yang, C. Li, T. Liu, T. Fellowes, S. Y. Chong, L. Catalano, M. Bahri, W. Zhang, Y. Xu, L. Liu et al., Nature Nanotechnology 3 (18), 307-315 (2023).
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