Regeneration of Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Interferon-Gamma Transgenic Mice (original) (raw)
Abstract
There has been an enormous amount of research on the destruction of pancreatic islets, especially the β-cells, a condition which leads to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. On the contrary, not as much emphasis has been placed on the development and the maintenance of this endocrine tissue. In order to understand fully the pathogenesis of diabetes, it is equally important to gain insights into the growth and potential regenerative aspects of pancreatic islets. The mammalian pancreas first appears as dorsal and ventral buds from the embryonic gut.1-3 The rudimentary pancreas grows rapidly, increasing its length, and extends to the surrounding tissue. The endocrine cells are first detected either in the wall of ducts or adjacent to the newly formed ducts. They form clusters as they grow in size and are segregated from the ducts as islets of Langerhans. Under normal conditions, the pancreatic islets and ducts remain relatively quiescent with minimal cell turnover throughout adult life. In streptozotocin-treated animals, and in type 1 diabetes no further growth apparently occurs. It should be noted, however, that several exceptions have been recently reported. For example, in the mouse there is a transient increase in islet β-cell number and islet size during pregnancy.4,5 An increase in islet size and β-cell hyperplasia also occurs in mutant ob/ob mouse one month after birth and persists throughout life. These enlarged islets are only seen along the pancreatic ducts while those islets situated away from the ducts appear normal.5,6 Another example of β cell growth in adults is the transgenic mouse carrying SV 40 large T antigen (Tag) linked to the insulin regulator gene. The mice which inherit the Tag transgene all show hyperplasia of the islets some of which transform to β-cell tumors.5,7
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Authors and Affiliations
- Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Nora E. Sarvetnick Ph.D. & Dangling Gu M.D.
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- Nora E. Sarvetnick Ph.D.
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- The Diabetes Institutes, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 23510, Norfolk, VA, USA
Aaron I. Vinik
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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Sarvetnick, N.E., Gu, D. (1992). Regeneration of Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Interferon-Gamma Transgenic Mice. In: Vinik, A.I., Sirman, D.J. (eds) Pancreatic Islet Cell Regeneration and Growth. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 321. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3448-8\_10
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