Anhydrous melting of peridotite at 0–15 Kb pressure and the genesis of tholeiitic basalts (original) (raw)
Arndt NT (1977) Ultrabasic magmas and high degree melting of the mantle. Contrib Mineral Petrol 61:205–221 Google Scholar
Arndt NT, Naldrett AJ, Pyke DR (1977) Komatiitic and iron-rich tholeiitic lavas of Munro Township, northeast Ontario. J Petrol 18:319–369 Google Scholar
Arth JG, Arndt NT, Naldrett AJ (1977) Genesis of Archaean komatiites — trace element evidence from Munro Township, Ontario. Geology 5:590–594 Google Scholar
Atkins FB (1969) Pyroxenes of the Bushveld Intrusion, South Africa. J Petrol 10:222–249 Google Scholar
Bottinga Y, Weill FF (1970) Densities of liquid silicate systems calculated from partial molar volumes of oxide components. Am J Sci 269:169–192 Google Scholar
Brey G, Green DH (1975) The role of CO2 in the genesis of olivine melilitite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 49:93–103 Google Scholar
Bryan WB, Moore JG (1977) Compositional variations of young basalts in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge rift valley near lat. 36°49′N. Geol Soc Am Bull 88:556–570 Google Scholar
Bryan WB, Thompson G, Frey FA, Dickey JS (1976) Inferred geological settings and differentiation in basalts from the Deep Sea Drilling Project. J Geophys Res 81:4285–4304 Google Scholar
Cann JR (1974) A model for oceanic crustal structure developed. Geophys J R Astron Soc 39:169–184 Google Scholar
Cawthorn RG, Ford CE, Biggar GM, Bravo MS, Clarke DB (1973) Determination of the liquid composition in experimental samples: discrepancies between microprobe analyses and other methods. Earth Planet Sci Lett 21:1–5 Google Scholar
Christensen NI, Salisbury MH (1975) Structure and constitution of the lower oceanic crust. Rev Geophys Space Phys 13:57–86 Google Scholar
Church WR, Riccio L (1977) Fractionation trends in the Bay of Islands ophiolite of Newfoundland: polycyclic cumulate sequences in ophiolites and their classification. Can J Earth Sci 14:1156–1165 Google Scholar
Clarke DB (1970) Tertiary basalts of Baffin Bay: possible primary magma from the mantle. Contrib Mineral Petrol 25:203–224 Google Scholar
Clarke DB, Pedersen AK (1976) Tertiary volcanic province of West Greenland. In: A Escher, WS Watts (eds) Geology of Greenland. Geol Surv Greenland, pp 365–385
Coleman RG (1977) Ophiolites. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Google Scholar
Cox KG (1972) The Karroo volcanic cycle. J Geol Soc London 128:311–336 Google Scholar
Cox KG, Jamieson BG (1974) The olivine-rich lavas of Nuanetsi: a study of polybaric magmatic evolution. J Petrol 14:269–301 Google Scholar
Delaney JR, Muenow D, Ganguly J, Royce D (1977) Anhydrous glass-vapour inclusions from phenocrysts in oceanic tholeiite pillow basalts. Trans Am Geophys Union 58:530 Google Scholar
Dewey JF, Kidd WSF (1977) Geometry of plate accretion. Geol Soc Am Bull 88:960–968 Google Scholar
Dickey JS, Yoder HS Jr (1972) Partitioning of chromium and aluminium between clinopyroxene and spinel. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 71:384–392 Google Scholar
Duncan RA, Green DH (1980) The role of multi-stage melting in the formation of oceanic crust. Geology 8:22–28 Google Scholar
Eggler DH (1974) Volatiles in ultrabasic and derivative rock systems. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 73:215–224 Google Scholar
Eggler DH (1978) The effect of CO2 upon partial melting of peridotite in the system Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2-CO2 to 35 kb, with an analysis of melting in a peridotite-H2O-CO2 system. Am J Sci 278:305–343 Google Scholar
England RN, Davies HL (1973) Mineralogy of ultramafic cumulates and tectonites from eastern Papua. Earth Planet Sci Lett 17:416–425 Google Scholar
Frey FA, Green DH (1974) The mineralogy, geochemistry and origin of lherzolite inclusions in Victorian basanites. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 38:1023–1059 Article Google Scholar
Frey FA, Green DH, Roy SD (1978) Integrated models of basalt petrogenesis: a study of quartz tholeiites to olivine melilitites from S.E. Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data. J Petrol 19:463–513 Google Scholar
Frey FA, Prinz M (1977) Ultramafic inclusions from San Carlos, Arizona: Petrologic and geochemical data bearing on their petrogenesis. Earth Planet Sci Lett 38:129–176 Google Scholar
Gast PW (1968) Trace element fractionation and the origin of tholeiitic and alkaline magma types. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 32:1057–1086 Google Scholar
Green DH (1963) Alumina content of enstatite in a Venezuelan high temperature peridotite. Geol Soc Am Bull 74:1397–1402 Google Scholar
Green DH (1970) The origin of basaltic and nephelinitic magmas. Trans Leicester Lit Phil Soc 64:26–54 Google Scholar
Green DH (1971) Compositions of basaltic magmas as indicators of conditions of origin; application to oceanic volcanism. Phil Trans R Soc London 268A:707–725 Google Scholar
Green DH (1973a) Contrasted melting relations in a pyrolite upper mantle under mid-oceanic ridge, stable crust and island arc environments. Tectonophysics 17:285–297 Article Google Scholar
Green DH (1973b) Experimental melting studies on a model upper mantle composition at high pressure under water-saturated and water-undersaturated conditions. Earth Planet Sci Lett 19:37–53 Article Google Scholar
Green DH (1976a) Experimental petrology in Australia — A review. Earth Sci Rev 12:99–138 Google Scholar
Green DH (1976b) Experimental testing of ‘equilibrium’ partial melting of peridotite under water-saturated, high pressure conditions. Can Mineral 14:255–268 Google Scholar
Green DH (1976c) Orthopyroxene in the lunar interior and constraints on early lunar differentiation. Lunar Sci VII:336–338 Google Scholar
Green DH, Hibberson WO, Jaques AL (1979) Petrogenesis of mid-ocean ridge basalts. In: MW McElhinny (ed) The Earth: its origin, structure and evolution. Academic Press, pp 265–299
Green DH, Lieberman RC (1976) Phase equilibria and elastic properties of a pyrolite model for the oceanic upper mantle. Tectonophysics 32:61–92 Article Google Scholar
Green DH, Nicholls IA, Viljoen M, Viljoen R (1975) Experimental demonstration of the existence of peridotite liquids in earliest Archaean magmatism. Geology 3:11–14 Google Scholar
Green DH, Ringwood AE (1967a) The genesis of basaltic magmas. Contrib Mineral Petrol 15:103–190 Google Scholar
Green DH, Ringwood AE (1967b) The stability fields of aluminous pyroxene peridotite and garnet peridotite and their relevance in upper mantle structure Earth Planet Sci Lett 3:151–160 Google Scholar
Green DH, Ringwood AE (1970) Mineralogy of peridotitic compositions under upper mantle conditions. Phys Earth Planet Inter 3:359–371 Google Scholar
Green TH, Green DH, Ringwood AE (1967) The origin of high alumina basalts and their relationships to quartz tholeiites and alkali basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 2:41–51 Article Google Scholar
Harris PG, Reay A, White IG (1967) Chemical composition of the upper mantle. J Geophys Res 72:6359–6369 Google Scholar
Hensen BJ (1973) Pyroxenes and garnets as geothermometers and geobarometers. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 72:527–534 Google Scholar
Hodges FN, Papike JJ (1976) DSDP Site 334: magmatic cumulates from oceanic layer 3. J Geophys Res 81:4135–4151 Google Scholar
Ito K, Kennedy GC (1967) Melting and phase relations in a natural peridotite to 40 kilobars. Am J Sci 265:519–538 Google Scholar
Jaques AL, Green DH (1979) Determination of liquid compositions in experimental, high pressure melting of peridotite. Am Mineral 64:1312–1321 Google Scholar
Kay R, Hubbard NJ, Gast PW (1970) Chemical characteristics of ocean ridge volcanic rocks. J Geophys Res 75:1585–1613 Google Scholar
Kuno H, Aoki K (1970) Chemistry of ultramafic nodules and their bearing on the origin of basaltic magmas. Phys Earth Planet Int 3:273–301 Google Scholar
Kushiro I (1969) The system forsterite — diopside — silica with and without water at high pressures. Am J Sci 267A:269–294 Google Scholar
Kushiro I (1972) Effect of water on the composition of magmas formed at high pressures. J Petrol 13:311–334 Google Scholar
Kushiro I, Yoder HS, Mysen BO (1977) Viscosities of basalt and andesite melts at high pressures. J Geophys Res 81:6351–6356 Google Scholar
Langmuir CH, Bender JB, Bence AE, Hanson GN, Taylor SR (1977) Petrogenesis of basalts from the FAMOUS area: Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Earth Planet Sci Lett 36:133–156 Article Google Scholar
Lindsley DH, Dixon SA (1976) Diopside-enstatite equilibria at 850°–1400° C, 5–35 kb. Am J Sci 276:1285–1301 Google Scholar
Maaløe S, Aoki K (1977) The major element composition of the upper mantle estimated from the composition of lherzolites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 64:161–173 Google Scholar
MacGregor ID (1974) The system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2: Solubility of Al2O3 in enstatite for spinel and garnet peridotite compositions. Am Mineral 50:110–119 Google Scholar
Matsui Y, Nishazawa O (1974) Iron (II)-magnesium exchange equilibrium between olivine and calcium-free pyroxene and a temperature range 800° to 1300° C. Bull Soc Mineral Cristallogr 97:122–130 Google Scholar
McDougall I (1976) Geochemistry and origin of basalt of the Columbia River Group, Oregon and Washington. Geol Soc Am Bull 87:777–792 Google Scholar
Merrill RB, Wyllie PJ (1973) Absorption of iron by platinum capsules in high pressure rock melting experiments. Am Mineral 58:16–20 Google Scholar
Moore JG (1970) Water content of basalt erupted on the ocean floor. Contrib Mineral Petrol 28:272–279 Google Scholar
Mori T (1978) Experimental study of pyroxene equilibria in the system CaO-MgO-FeO-SiO2. J Petrol 19:45–65 Google Scholar
Mori T, Green DH (1975) Pyroxenes in the system Mg2Si2O6- CaMgSi2O6at high pressure. Earth Planet Sci Lett 26:277–286 Article Google Scholar
Mori T, Green DH (1978) Laboratory duplication of phase equilibria observed in natural garnet lherzolites. J Geol 86:83–97 Google Scholar
Muenow DW, Graham DG, Liu NWK, Delaney JR (1979) Water poor glass-vapour inclusions in phenocrysts from Hawaiian tholeiitic pillow basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 42:71–76 Article Google Scholar
Mysen BO, Boettcher AL (1975) Melting of a hydrous mantle: II. Geochemistry of crystals and liquids formed by anatexis of mantle peridotite at high pressures and high temperatures as a function of controlled activities of water, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. J Petrol 16:549–593 Google Scholar
Mysen BO, Kushiro I (1977) Compositional variations of coexisting phases with degree of melting of peridotite in the upper mantle. Am Mineral 62:843–865 Google Scholar
Nicholls IA (1974) Liquids in equilibrium with peridotitic mineral assemblages at high water pressures. Contrib Mineral Petrol 45:289–316 Google Scholar
Nicholls IA, Ringwood AE (1973) Effect of water on olivine stability in tholeiites and the production of silica saturated magmas in the island arc environment. J Geol 81:285–300 Google Scholar
Obata M (1976) The solubility of Al2O3 in orthopyroxenes in spinel and plagioclase peridotites and spinel pyroxenite. Am Mineral 61:804–816 Google Scholar
O'Hara MJ (1968) The bearing of phase equilibria studies in synthetic and natural systems on the origin and evolution of basic and ultrabasic rocks. Earth-Sci Rev 4:69–133 Google Scholar
Philpotts JA, Schnetzler CC, Thomas HH (1972) Petrogenetic implications of some new geochemical data on eclogitic and ultrabasic inclusions. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 36:1131–1166 Article Google Scholar
Presnall DC (1969) The geometrical analysis of partial fusion. Am J Sci 267:1178–1194 Google Scholar
Presnall DC (1976) Alumina content of enstatite as a geobarometer for plagioclase and spinel lherzolites. Am Mineral 61:582–588 Google Scholar
Presnall DC, Dixon JR, O'Donnell Th, Dixon SA (1979) Generation of mid-ocean ridge tholeiites. J Petrol 20:3–36 Google Scholar
Reed SJB, Ware NG (1975) Quantitative electron microprobe analysis of silicates using energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry. J Petrol 16:499–519 Google Scholar
Ringwood AE (1966) The chemical composition and origin of the earth. In: PM Hurley (ed) Advances in Earth Science, pp 287–356
Ringwood AE (1975) Composition and petrology of the earth's mantle. New York, McGraw-Hill Google Scholar
Roeder PL, Emslie RF (1970) Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contrib Mineral Petrol 29:275–289 Google Scholar
Simonian KO, Gass IG (1978) Arakapas fault belt, Cyprus: A fossil transform fault. Geol Soc Am Bull 89:1220–1230 Google Scholar
Smewing JD, Potts PJ (1976) Rare-earth abundances in basalts and metabasalts from the Troodos Massif, Cyprus. Contrib Mineral Petrol 57:245–258 Google Scholar
Smewing JD, Simonian KO, Gass IG (1975) Metabasalts from the Troodos Massif, Cyprus: Genetic implication deduced from petrography and trace element geochemistry. Contrib Mineral Petrol 51:49–64 Google Scholar
Stern CR, Wyllie PJ (1975) Effect of iron absorption by noble metal capsules on phase boundaries in rock melting experiments at 30 kb. Am Mineral 60:681–689 Google Scholar
Stolper E (1980) A phase diagram for mid-ocean ridge basalts: preliminary results and implications for petrogenesis (in press)
Stroh JM (1976) Solubility of alumina in orthopyroxene plus spinel as a geobarometer in complex systems. Applications to spinelbearing alpine-type peridotite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 54:173–188 Google Scholar
Sun SS, Hanson GN (1975) Origin of Ross Island basanitoids and limitations on the heterogeneity of mantle sources for alkali basalts and nephelinites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 52:77–106 Google Scholar
Sun SS, Nesbitt RW (1977) Chemical heterogeneity of the Archaean mantle, composition of the earth and mantle evolution. Earth Planet Sci Lett 35:429–448 Article Google Scholar
Sun SS, Nesbitt RW (1978a) Petrogenesis of Archaean ultrabasic and basic volcanics: Evidence from rare earth elements. Contrib Mineral Petrol 65:301–325 Google Scholar
Thompson RN (1975) Primary basalts and magma genesis II. Snake River plain, Idaho, U.S.A. Contrib Mineral Petrol 52:157–164 Google Scholar
Tröger WE (1956) Optische Bestimmung der gesteinbildenden Minerale, Teil 1. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart Google Scholar
Wager LR, Brown GM (1968) Layered igneous rocks. Oliver and Boyd, London Google Scholar
Warner RD, Luth WC (1974) The diopside-orthoenstatite twophase region in the system CaMgSi2O6-Mg2Si2O6. Am Mineral 59:98–109 Google Scholar
Wilkinson JFG, Binns RA (1977) Relatively iron-rich lherzolite xenoliths of the Cr-Diopside suite: a guide to the primary nature of anorogenic tholeiite andesite magmas. Contrib Mineral Petrol 65:199–212 Google Scholar
Williams DAC (1972) Archaean ultramafic, mafic and associated rocks, Mt. Monger, Western Australia. J Geol Soc Austr 19:163–188 Google Scholar
Wood BJ, Nicholls J (1978) The thermodynamic properties of reciprocal solid solutions. Contrib Mineral Petrol 66:389–400 Google Scholar
Wyllie PJ (1979) Kimberlite magmas from the system peridotite- H2O-CO2. In: FR Boyd, HOA Meyer (eds) Kimberlites, Diatremes and Diamonds: their geology, petrology and geochemistry. Proc. 2nd Int Kimberlite Conference, American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 319–338 Google Scholar
Wyllie PJ (1971) The dynamic earth: Text book in geosciences. John Wiley, New York Google Scholar