Unrealistic optimism about susceptibility to health problems: Conclusions from a community-wide sample (original) (raw)
References
Ajzen, I., and Fishbein, M. (1980).Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Behavior, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Google Scholar
Ausubel, D. P. (1954).Theory and Problems of Adolescent Development, Grune & Stratton, New York. Google Scholar
Becker, M. H., Haefner, D. P., Kasl, S. V., Kirscht, J. P., Maiman, L. A., and Rosenstock, I. M. (1977). Selected psychosocial models and correlates of individual health-related behaviors.Med. Care 15 (Suppl): 27–46. Google Scholar
Doob, L. (1971).The Patterning of Time, Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn. Google Scholar
Drake, R. A. (1984). Lateral asymmetry of personal optimism.J. Res. Personal. 18: 497–507. Google Scholar
Edwards, W. (1954). The theory of decision making.Psychol. Bull. 51: 380–417. Google Scholar
Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in adolescence.Child Dev. 38: 1025–1034. Google Scholar
Enright, R. D., and Lapsley, D. K. (1979). Adolescent egocentrism in early and late adolescence.Adolescence 14: 687–695. Google Scholar
Fishbein, M., and Ajzen, I. (1975).Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass. Google Scholar
Frey, J. H. (1983).Survey Research by Telephone, Sage, Beverly Hills, Calif. Google Scholar
Hakmiller, K. L. (1966). Threat as a determinant of downward comparison.J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 1: 32–39 Google Scholar
Hoch, S. J. (1985). Counterfactual reasoning and accuracy in predicting personal events_J. Exp. Psychol. Learning. Memory Cognit._ 11(4): 719–731. Google Scholar
Hultsch, D. F., and Bortner, R. W. (1974). Personal time perspective in adulthood: A time-sequential study.Dev. Psychol. 10(6): 835–837. Google Scholar
Janz, N. K., and Becker, M. H. (1984). The Health Belief Model: A decade later.Health Educ. Q. 11(1): 1–47. Google Scholar
Jones, E. E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A. H., Markus, H., Millner, D. T., and Scott, R. A. (1984).Social Stigma: The Psychology of Marked Relationships, W. H. Freeman, New York. Google Scholar
Kirscht, J. P., Haefner, D. P., Kegeles, F. S., and Rosenstock, I. M. (1966). A national study of health beliefs.J. Health Hum. Behav. 7: 248–254. Google Scholar
Knapper, C. K., Cropley, A. J., and Moore, R. J. (1976). Attitudinal factors in the non-use of seat belts.Accident Anal. Prevent. 8: 241–246. Google Scholar
Larwood, L. (1978). Swine flu: A field study of self-serving biases.J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 8(3): 283–289. Google Scholar
McCandless, B. R. (1970).Adolescents: Behavior and Development, Dryden, Hindsdale, Ill. Google Scholar
National Opinion Research Center (1983).General Social Survey, 1982–1983, Author, Chicago. Google Scholar
Newport, E. M. (1981). National Safety Belt Study. Final report of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Contact DTNH22 81 C 05224 (Sept. 4).
Perloff, L. S., and Fetzer, B. K. (1986). Self-other judgments and perceived vulnerability to victimization.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 50(3): 502–511. Google Scholar
Rogers, R. W. (1975). A protection motivation theory of fear appeals and attitude change.J. Psychol. 91: 93–114. Google Scholar
Rogers, R. W. (1983). Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation. In Cacioppo, J. T., and Petty, R. E. (eds.),Social Psychophysiology, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 153–176. Google Scholar
Rogers, R. W., and Mewborn, C. R. (1976). Fear appeals and attitude change: Effects of threat's noxiousness, probability of occurrence, and the efficacy of coping responses.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 34: 54–61. Google Scholar
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). The health belief model: Origins and correlates.Health Educ. Monogr. 2(4): 336–353. Google Scholar
Ross, M., and Sicoly, F. (1979). Egocentric biases in availability and attribution.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 37: 322–337. Google Scholar
Sutton, S. R. (1982). Fear arousing communications: A critical examination of theory and research. In Eiser, J. R. (ed.),Social Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Wiley, New York, pp. 303–338. Google Scholar
Svenson, O. (1984). Time perception and long-term risks.Can. J. Operat. Res. Inform. Process. 22(2): 196–214. Google Scholar
Svenson, O., Fischhoff, B., and MacGregor, D. (1985). Perceived driving safety and seatbelt usage.Accident Anal. Prevent. 17(2) 119–133. Google Scholar
Tyler, T., and Cook, F. L. (1984). The mass media and judgments of risk: Distinguishing impact on personal and societal level judgments.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 47(4): 693–708. Google Scholar
Tversky, A., and Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases.Science 185: 1124–1131. Google Scholar
Watts, W., and Free, L. A. (1978).State of the Nation III, D. C. Heath, Lexington, Mass. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D. (1980). Unrealistic optimism about future life events.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 39: 806–820. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D. (1982). Unrealistic optimism about susceptibility to health problems.J. Behav. Med. 5: 441–460. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D. (1983). Reducing unrealistic optimism about illness susceptibility.Health Psychol. 2: 11–20. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D. (1984) Why it won't happen to me: Perceptions of risk factors and illness susceptibility.Health Psychol. 3: 431–457. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D., and Lachendro, E. (1982). Egocentrism as a source of unrealistic optimism.Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 8: 195–200. Google Scholar
Weinstein, N. D., Grubb, P. D., and Vautier, J. S. (1986). Increasing automobile seat belt use: An intervention emphasizing risk susceptibility.J. Appl. Psychol. 71(2): 285–290. Google Scholar
Wills, T. A. (1981). Downward comparison principles in social psychology.Psychol. Bull. 90: 245–271. Google Scholar
Wood, J. V., Taylor, S. E., and Lichtman, R. R. (1985). Social comparison in adjustment to breast cancer.J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 49(5): 1169–1183. Google Scholar
Zakay, D. (1983). The relationship between the probability assessor and the outcomes of an event as a determiner of subjective probability.Acta Psychol. 53: 271–280. Google Scholar
Zakay, D. (1984). The influence of perceived event's controllability on its subjective occurrence probability.Psychol. Rec. 34: 233–240. Google Scholar