Sulphur isotopes from the gruvåsen sulphide skarn deposit, Bergslagen, Sweden (original) (raw)
Summary
The Gruvåsen sulphide skarns in Western Bergslagen are hosted by a sequence of marbles and metacherts, intruded by a number of thin mafic sills and dykes of midProterozoic age. The sulphide skarns show a zonal distribution with Cu-Zn-Fesulphide-rich pyroxene skarns (± scheelite, molybdenite, cassiterite, bismuth) in the central, and Zn-Fe-Pb-As-sulphide-rich amphibole skarns in the peripheral zones of mineralization. The sulphide skarns in the central zone are closely related to a phase of local potassic alteration that affected the marbles, cherts and mafic intrusions. σ34S values of sulphides range between + 0.5 and + 1.3% for the central zone, and between-1.4 and + 1.5% for the peripheral zone. Sulphide-pair sulphur isotope geothermometry (Ohmoto and Rye, 1979) yields temperatures around 555°C corresponding with the temperature of 550–600°C estimated from silicate and sulphide parageneses. Although the Gruvâsen deposit is situated close to the Filipstad-type granitic intrusion, this granite is unlikely to have a genetic relationship with the sulphide mineralization, because the sulphide skarns were deformed at about 1,860 Ma, whereas the postkinematic Filipstad-type granite is dated at +- 1,640Ma (Oen, 1982). Hydrothermal fluids at estimated temperatures around 550°C, presumably heated by the coeval solidifying mafic sills and dykes, are considered responsible for the dissolution and transport of sulphur from the mafic rocks, and of metals from both mafic and felsic rocks underlying the Gruvåsen marbles, and for the redeposition of metals and sulphur in the Gruvåsen sulphide skarn deposit.
Zusammenfassung
Die sulfidischen Skarne von Gruvåsen, West-Bergslagen, sitzen in Mergeln and Metaquarziten auf, die von zahlreichen mitelproterozoischen, geringmächtigen mafischen Sills und Gängen durchdrungen werden. Die Sulfid-Skarne sind zoniert. Im zentralen Bereich der Mineralisation treten Cu-Zn-Fe-sulfidreiche Pyroxen-Skarne auf (+- Scheelit, Molybdenit, Cassiterit, Wismuth), während die Randzonen vorwiegend aus Zn-Fe-Pb-As-sulfidreichen Amphibol-Skarnen bestehen. Die zentralen Skarnanteile zeigen engen Zusammenhang mit einer lokalen K-Alteration der Mergel, Metaquarzite und mafischen Intrusionen. In der zentralen Zone liegen die σ34 S-Werte der Sulfide zwischen + 0.5 und + 1.3%, in der Randzone zwischen - 1.43 und + 1.5%. SchwefelisotopenGeothermometrie von Sulfidpaaren (Ohmoto & Rye, 1979) ergaben Temperaturen um 550°C. Diese stimmen mit den Temperaturen aus den Silikat- und Sulfidparagenesen von 550–600°C gut überein. Obwohl die Gruvåsen Lagerstätte nahe der FilipstadTyp Granitintrusion liegt, erscheint eine genetische Verbindung mit der Sulfidmineralisation unwahrscheinlich, da die Sulfid-Skarne ein Deformationsalter von 1860 Mio zeigen, während der postkinematische Filipstad-Typ Granit auf +- 1640 mio datiert ist (Oen, 19982). Es wird vermutet, daß hydrothermale Lösungen, die durch die erstarrenden mafischen Sills und Gänge auf etwa 550°C aufgeheizt worden sind, für die Vererzung verantwortlich sind. Der Schwefel kann aus den mafischen Gesteinen bezogen werden, die Metalle aus mafischen und felsischen Gesteinen, die die Gruvåsen Mergel unterlagern. Hydrothermale Aktivität verursachte Lösung, Transport und Umlagerung des Schwefels und der Metalle in die Gruväsen Sulfid-Skarn Lagerstätte.
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- Geologisch Museum, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
R. H. Hellingwerf - Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, Postbus 1, 1755 ZG, Petten, The Netherlands
J. G. van Raaphorst
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Hellingwerf, R.H., van Raaphorst, J.G. Sulphur isotopes from the gruvåsen sulphide skarn deposit, Bergslagen, Sweden.Mineralogy and Petrology 38, 161–170 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01164699
- Received: 26 June 1987
- Accepted: 03 February 1988
- Issue Date: May 1988
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01164699