Régulation naturelle des populations deCapitophorus horni Borner [Hom: Aphididae] par hyménoptèresAphidiidae et Entomophthorales (original) (raw)
Résumé
Le puceron_Capitophorus horni_ peut causer de graves préjudices aux cultures d’artichauts dans l’Ouest de la France.
La présente note fait l’inventaire des parasites (Aphidiides et Entomophthorales) de cet aphide et précise leur rôle dans la régulation de ses populations.
Summary
In western France, the aphid_Capitophorus horni_ develops anholocyclic populations during the whole year on the globe-artichoke of which it is the major pest.
A study of the parasites of this species was undertaken in 1967 and carried out until 1970. The observations have been done both on a plot of artichokes which never received any insecticidal treatment and on another one where such a treatment was done only once in April 1968.
C. horni is attacked by such fungi as_Entomophthora planchoniana_ and_E. aphidis_ and by Hymenopterae, the main species being_Aphidius matricariae_ and the other one_Praon flavicorne_ (tab. 1). A number of hyperparasites have been record of which_Charips tscheki_ and_Asaphes suspensus_ were the most numerous.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 show, comparatively on untreated and treated plots, the fluctuations of the populations of_C. horni_ on both young and older leaves of artichoke and the rate of parasitism by fungi and wasps. Fig. 3 gives numerical changes of the two main species of Hymenopterae encountered and shows the incidence of hyperparasitism.
From this study it appears that a good regulation of the populations of_C. horni_ may occur, due to the high percentage and persistence of the parasitism. But in those natural conditions, epizootics occur too late for practical purpose and as a consequence, whole populations collapse, preventing other parasites from multiplying.
Exposure of naturally or artificially lowered populations of aphids to constant parasitism seems far better for the prevention of outbreaks.
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Bibliographie
- Missonnier, J., Robert, Y. &Thoizon, G. — 1970. Circonstances épidémiologiques semblant favoriser le développement des mycoses à Entomophthorales chez trois aphides,Aphis fabae,Scop.,Capitophorus horni Börner et_Myzus persicae_ (Sulz.). —Entomophaga,15, 169–190.
Google Scholar - Robert, Y. — 1969a. Premières observations sur la biologie de_Capitophorus horni_ Börner [Homoptera: Aphididae_] dans l’Ouest de la France. —_Ann. Zool. Ecol. anim.,1, 39–54.
Google Scholar - Robert, Y. — 1969 b. Les pucerons de l’Artichaut dans l’Ouest de la France; sur une espèce particulièrement nuisible,Capitophorus horni Börner. —C. R. Acad. Agric. France., 410–420.
- Starý, P. — 1966. The_Aphidiidae_ of Italy [Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea_]. —_Boll. Ist. Ent. Bologna,28, 65–139.
Google Scholar - Starý, P., Remaudière, G. & Leclant, F. — 1971. Les_Aphidiidae_ [Hym.] de France et leurs hôtes (Hom.Aphididae_], description d’espèces nouvelles, écologie, lutte biologique. —_Entomophaga, Mém. H.S. no 5, 73 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
- I.N.R.A. Laboratoire de Zoologie, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Ronnes, France
Y. Robert, J. -M. Rabasse & Joëlle Rouze-Jouan
Authors
- Y. Robert
- J. -M. Rabasse
- Joëlle Rouze-Jouan
Additional information
Une partie des résultats inclus dans cette note a été exposée lors du «Second Meeting, I.B.P. — Working Party on Biological control of Aphids» tenu à Paris du 16 au 18 septembre 1970.
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Robert, Y., Rabasse, J.M. & Rouze-Jouan, J. Régulation naturelle des populations de_Capitophorus horni_ Borner [Hom: Aphididae_] par hyménoptères_Aphidiidae et Entomophthorales.Entomophaga 17, 59–69 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371073
- Issue date: March 1972
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371073