Analyses of fatty acid isomers in two commercially hydrogenated soybean oils (original) (raw)

Abstract

A conventional shortening and a hydrogenated winterized oil have been investigated to determine their composition of natural and isomeric fatty acids. Two solvent systems were applied in countercurrent distributions: the acetonitrile pentane-hexane system for separation of monoenoates from dienoates and the methanolic silver nitrate pentane-hexane system for separation of geometric isomers. While_cis_ and_trans_ monoenoates were well resolved, the separation of_cis,cis_ from_cis,trans_ dienoates was complicated by the presence of positional isomers. The fractions isolated were oxidatively cleaved, and the esters of the resultant acids were quantitatively analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography.

Although the amounts of saturated components of the two fat products were similar, the percentage of_trans_ isomers of the shortening was more than twice that of the winterized oil. The amount of oleic acid (_cis_-9-octadecenoic) was 19.6% for the shortening and 25.4% for the winterized oil. The shortening contained 13.3% linoleic acid (_cis,cis_-9,12-octadecadienoic), whereas the winterized oil contained 30% linoleic acid.

Although our primary interest was in the estimation of_cis_-9-octadecenoic and_cis,cis_-9,12-octadecadienoic acids, the completeness of cleavage data makes it possible to estimate all geometric and positional monoenoate and dienoate isomers in the two fat products.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Northern Regional Research Laboratory, Peoria, Illinois
    E. P. Jones, C. R. Scholfield, V. L. Davison & H. J. Dutton

Authors

  1. E. P. Jones
  2. C. R. Scholfield
  3. V. L. Davison
  4. H. J. Dutton

Additional information

A laboratory of the No. Utiliz. Res. and Dev. Div., ARS, USDA.

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Jones, E.P., Scholfield, C.R., Davison, V.L. et al. Analyses of fatty acid isomers in two commercially hydrogenated soybean oils.J Am Oil Chem Soc 42, 727–730 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540049

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