Immediate upstream promoter regions required for neurospecific expression of SNAP-25 (original) (raw)

References

• Bark I. C. (1993) Structure of the chicken gene for SNAP-25 reveals duplicated exons encoding distinct isoforms of the protein.J. Mol. Biol. 233, 67–76.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bark I. C., Hahn K. M., Ryabinin A. E., and Wilson M. C. (1995) Differential expression of SNAP-25 protein isoforms during divergent vesicle fusion events of neural development.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1510–1524.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bark I. C. and Wilson M. C. (1994) Regulated vesicular fusion in neurons—snapping together the details.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 4621–4624.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Basi G. S., Jacobson R. D., Virag I., Schilling J., and Skene J. H. P. (1987) Primary structure and transcriptional regulation of GAP-43, a protein associated with nerve growth.Cell 49, 785–791.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bradford M. M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.Anal. Biochem. 72, 248–254.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Calzone F. J., Britten R. J., and Davidson E. H. (1987) Mapping of gene transcripts by nuclease protection assays and cDNA primer extension.Meth. Enzymol. 152, 611–632.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Catsicas S., Catsicas M., Keyser K., Karten H. J., Wilson M. C., and Milner R. J. (1992) Differential expression of the presynaptic protein SNAP-25 in mammalian retina.J. Neurosci. Res. 33, 1–9.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Catsicas S., Larhammar D., Blomqvist A., Sanna P. P., Milner R. J., and Wilson M. C. (1991) Expression of a conserved, cell-type specific protein in nerve terminals coincides with synaptogenesis.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 785–789.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Gorman C. M. (1985) High efficiency gene transfer into mammalian cells, in_DNA Cloning, A Practical Approach_, vol. 2 (Glover D. M., ed.), IRL, Oxford, pp. 143–150.
  Google Scholar
• Greene L. A. and Tishler A. S. (1976) Establishment of noradrenergic clonal cell line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell which respond to nerve growth factor.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 2424–2428.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• He X. and Rosenfeld M. G. (1991) Mechanisms of complex transcriptional regulation: implications for brain development.Neuron 7, 183–196.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hess E. J., Collins K. A., and Wilson M. C. (1994) Deletion mutation of the_Snap_ gene in mouse models attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 20, 171.
  Google Scholar
• Jacobsson G., Bean A. J., Scheller R. H., Junti-Berggren L., Deeney J. T., Berggren P. O., and Meister B. (1994) Identification of synaptic protein and their isoform mRNAs in compartments of pancreatic endocrine cells.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 12,487–12,491.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Jainchill J. L., Aaronson S. A., and Todaro G. J. (1969) Murine sarcoma and leukemia viruses: assay using clonal lines of contact-inhibited mouse cells.J. Virol. 4, 549–553.
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Karns L. R., Ng S.-C., Freeman J. A., and Fishman M. C. (1987) Cloning of complementary DNA for GAP-43, a neuronal growth-associated protein.Science 236, 597–600.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lakin N. D., Morris P. J., Theil T., Sato T., Möröy T., Wilson M. C., and Latchman D. S. (1995) Regulation of neurite outgrowth and SNAP-25 gene expression by Brn-3a.J. Biol. Chem. 270, 15,858–15,863.
  CAS Google Scholar
• Lillycrop K. A., Budhram V. S., Lakin N. D., Terrenghi G., Wood J. N., Polak J. M., and Latchman D. S. (1992) A novel POU family transcription factor is closely related to Brn-3 but has a distinct expression pattern in neuronal cells.Nucleic Acid. Res. 20, 5093–5096.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lustig R. H., Hua P., Wilson M. C., and Federoff H. J. (1993) Ontogeny, sex dimorphism, and neonatal sex hormone determination of synapse-associated messenger RNAs in rat brain.Mol. Brain Res. 20, 101–110.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Macpherson I. and Russell W. (1966) Transformations in hamster cells mediated by mycoplasmas.Nature 210, 1343–1345.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Mandel G. and McKinnon D. (1993) Molecular basis of neural-specific gene expression.Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 16, 323–345.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Morgan J. I. and Curran T. (1991) Stimulus-transcription coupling in the nervous system: involvement of the inducible proto-oncogenes_fos_ and_jun_.Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 14, 421–451.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Neve R. L., Perrone-Bizzozero N. L., Finklenstein S., Zwiers H., Bird E., Kurnit D. M., and Benowitz L. I. (1987) The neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43 (B-50, F1): neuronal specificity, developmental regulation, distribution of the human and rat mRNAs.Mol. Brain Res. 2, 177–183.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nevidi E., Basi G. S., Akey I. V., and Skene J. H. P. (1992) A neural-specific GAP-43 core promoter located between unusual DNA elements that interact to regulate its activity.J. Neurosci. 12, 691–704.
  Google Scholar
• Osen-Sand A., Catsicas M., Staple J. K., Jones K. A., Ayala G., Knowles J., Grenningloh G., and Catsicas S. (1993) Inhibition of axonal growth by SNAP-25 antisense oligonucleotides in vitro and in vivo.Nature 364, 445–448.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Oyler G. A., Higgins G. A., Hart R. A., Battenberg E., Billingsley M., Bloom F. E., and Wilson M. C. (1989) The identification of a novel synaptosomal-associated protein, SNAP-25, differentially expressed by neuronal subpopulations.J. Cell Biol. 109, 3039–3052.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Oyler G. A., Polli J. W., Higgins G. A., Wilson M. C., and Billingsley M. L. (1992) Distribution and expression of SNAP-25 immunoreactivity in rat brain, rat PC12 cells and human SMS-KCNR neuroblastoma cells.Dev. Brain Res. 65, 133–146.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Oyler G. A., Polli J. W., Wilson M. C., and Billingsley M. L. (1991) Developmental expression of the synaptosomal associated protein (SNAP-25) in rat brain.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 5247–5251.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Rosenthal A., Chan S. Y., Henzel W., Haskell C., Kuang W.-J., Chen E., Willcox J. N., Ullrich A., Goeddel D. V., and Routtenberg A. (1987) Primary structure and mRNA localization of protein F1, a growth related protein kinase C substrate associated with synaptic plasticity.EMBO J. 6, 3641–3646.
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sadoul K., Lang J., Montecucco C., Weller U., Regazzi R., Catsicas S., Wollheim C. B., and Hablan P. A. (1995) SNAP-25 is expressed in islets of Langerhans and is involved in insulin release.J. Cell Biol. 128, 1019–1028.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F., and Maniatis T. (1989)Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Springer Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
  Google Scholar
• Sanger F., Nicklen S., and Coulsen A. R. (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 5463–5467.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sanna P. P., Bloom F. E., and Wilson M. C. (1991) Dibutyril-cAMP induces SNAP-25 translocation into the neurites of PC12.Dev. Brain Res. 59, 104–108.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Shapiro D. J., Sharp P. A., Wahli W. W., and Keller M. J. (1988) A high-efficiency HeLa cell nuclear transcription extract.DNA 7, 47–55.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sierra F. (1990)A Laboratory Guide to In Vitro Transcription. Birkhauser, Basel, Boston.
  Google Scholar
• Söllner T., Bennett M. K., Whiteheart S. W., Scheller R. H., and Rothman J. E. (1993) A protein assembly-disassembly pathway in vitro that may correspond to sequential steps of the synaptic vesicle docking, activation and fusion.Cell 75, 409–418.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Struhl K. (1991) Mechanisms for diversity in gene expression patterns.Neuron 7, 177–181.
  Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Südhof T. C. (1995) Synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.Nature 375, 645–653.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Wood J. N., Bevan S. J., Coote P., Darn P., Hogan P., Latchman D. S., Morrison C., Rougon G., Thevenian M., and Wheatley S. C. (1990) Novel cell lines display properties of nociceptive sensory neurons.Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Biol. Sci. 241, 187–194.
  Article CAS Google Scholar

Download references