Signal transduction events elicited by natural products: Role of MAPK and caspase pathways in homeostatic response and induction of apoptosis (original) (raw)
References
NSAIDs may prevent colon cancer through apoptosis, not anti- inflammatory effects [news].Oncology, 10, 624 (1996).
Prevention of cancer in the next millenium: Report of the chemoprevention working group to the American Association for Cancer Research.Cancer Research, 59, 4743–4758 (1999). Google Scholar
Ahmad, N., Feyes, D. K., Nieminen, A. L., Agarwal, R. and Mukhtar, H., Green tea constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate and induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human carcinoma cells.J Natl Cancer Inst, 89, 1881–1886 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Alam, J., Stewart, D., Touchard, C., Boinapally, S., Choi, A. M. and Cook, J. L., Nrf2, a Cap’n’Collar transcription factor, regulates induction of the heme oxygenase-1 gene.J Biol Chem, 274, 26071–26078 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Alnemri, E. S., Livingston, D. J., Nicholson, D. W., Salvesen, G., Thornberry, N. A., Wong, W. W. and Yuan, J., Human ICE/CED-3 protease nomenclature [letter].Cell, 87, 171 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Alvarez, E., Northwood, I. C., Gonzalez, F. A., Latour, D. A., Seth, A., Abate, C., Curran, T. and Davis, R. J., Pro-Leu-Ser/Thr-Pro is a consensus primary sequence for substrate protein phosphorylation. Characterization of the phosphorylation of c- myc and c-jun proteins by an epidermal growth factor receptor threonine 669 protein kinase.J Biol Chem, 266, 15277–15285 (1991). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Ashkenazi, A. and Dixit, V. M., Death receptors: signaling and modulation.Science, 281, 1305–1308 (1998). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Batzinger, R. P., Ou, S. Y. and Bueding, E., Antimutagenic effects of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and of antimicrobial agents.Cancer Res, 38, 4478–4485 (1978). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Benson, A. M., Barretto, P. B. and Stanley, J. S., Induction of DT-diaphorase by anticarcinogenic sulfur compounds in mice.J Natl Cancer Inst, 76, 467–473 (1986). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Benson, A. M., Batzinger, R. P., Ou, S. Y., Bueding, E., Cha, Y. N. and Talalay, P., Elevation of hepatic glutathione S-transferase activities and protection against mutagenic metabolites, of benzo(a)pyrene by dietary antioxidants.Cancer Res, 38, 4486–4495 (1978). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Bogaards, J. J., van Ommen, B., Falke, H. E., Willems, M. I. and van Bladeren, P. J., Glutathione S-transferase subunit induction patterns of Brussels sprouts, allyl isothiocyanate and goitrin in rat liver and small intestinal mucosa: a new approach for the identification of inducing xenobiotics.Food Chem Toxicol, 28, 81–88 (1990). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Brewster, J. L., de Valoir, T., Dwyer, N. D., Winter, E. and Gustin, M. C. An osmosensing signal transduction pathway in yeast.Science, 259, 1760–1763 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Briehl, M. M. and Baker, A. F., Modulation of the antioxidant defense as a factor in apoptosis.Cell Death and Differentiation, 3, 63–70 (1996). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Buetler, T. M., Gallagher, E. P., Wang, C., Stahl, D. L., Hayes, J. D. and Eaton, D. L., Induction of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzyme mRNA, protein, and activity by BHA, ethoxyquin, and oltipraz.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 135, 45–57 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Burgering, B. M. and Bos, J. L., Regulation of Ras-mediated signalling: more than one way to skin a cat.Trends Biochem Sci, 20, 18–22 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Busciglio, J. and Yankner, B. A., Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down’s syndrome neurons in vitro.Nature, 378, 776–779 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Buttke, T. M. and Sandstrom, P. A., Oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis [see comments].Immunol Today, 15, 7–10 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Cano, E., Hazzalin, C. A. and Mahadevan, L. C., Anisomycin-activated protein kinases p45 and p55 but not mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK-1 and −2 are implicated in the induction of c-fos and c-jun.Mol Cell Biol, 14, 7352–7362 (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Cano, E. and Mahadevan, L. C., Parallel signal processing among mammalian MAPKs.Trends Biochem Sci, 20, 117–122 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Castillo, M. H., Perkins, E., Campbell, J. H., Doerr, R., Hassett, J. M., Kandaswami, C. and Middleton, E., Jr., The effects of the bioflavonoid quercetin on squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck origin.Am J Surg, 158, 351–355 (1989). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Cha, Y. N. and Bueding, E., Effects of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole administration on the activities of several hepatic microsomal and cytoplasmic enzymes in mice.Biochem Pharmacol, 28, 1917–1921 (1979). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Cha, Y. N. and Heine, H. S., Comparative effects of dietary administration of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene on several hepatic enzyme activities in mice and rats.Cancer Res, 42, 2609–2615 (1982). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Chan, K. and Kan, Y. W., Nrf2 is essential for protection against acute pulmonary injury in mice [In Process Citation].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 12731–12736 [Record as supplied by publisher] (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Chen, Y. R., Meyer, C. F. and Tan, T. H., Persistent activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) in gamma radiation-induced apoptosis.J Biol Chem, 271, 631–634 (1996a). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Chen, Y. R., Wang, X., Templeton, D., Davis, R. J. and Tan, T. H., The role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in apoptosis induced by ultraviolet C and gamma radiation. Duration of JNK activation may determine cell death and proliferation.J Biol Chem, 271, 31929–31936 (1996b). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Chinnaiyan, A. M., K, O. R., Lane, B. R. and Dixit, V. M., Interaction of CED-4 with CED-3 and CED-9: a molecular framework for cell death [see comments].Science, 275, 1122–1126 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Choi, H. S. and Moore, D. D., Induction of c-fos and c-jun gene expression by phenolic antioxidants.Mol Endocrinol, 7, 1596–1602 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Clayson, D. B., Iverson, F., Nera, E. A. and Lok, E., The significance of induced forestomach tumors.Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 30, 441–463 (1990). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Cobb, M. H. and Goldsmith, E. J., How MAP kinases are regulated.J Biol Chem, 270 14843–14846 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Conney, A. H., Induction of microsomal enzymes by foreign chemicals and carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: G. H. A. Clowes Memorial Lecture.Cancer Res, 42, 4875–4917 (1982). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Crowell, P. L., Prevention and therapy of cancer by dietary monoterpenes.J Nutr, 129, 775S-778S (1999). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Darzynkiewicz, Z., Juan, G., Li, X., Gorczyca, W., Murakami, T. and Traganos, F., Cytometry in cell necrobiology: analysis of apoptosis and accidental cell death (necrosis).Cytometry, 27, 1–20 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
De Long, M. J., Prochaska, H. J. and Talalay, P., Tissue-specific induction patterns of cancer-protective enzymes in mice by tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and related substituted phenols.Cancer Res, 45, 546–551 (1985). PubMed Google Scholar
Delia, D., Aiello, A., Lombardi, L., Pelicci, P. G., Grignani, F., Formelli, F., Menard, S., Costa, A., Veronesi, U. and_et al._, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide induces apoptosis of malignant hemopoietic cell lines including those unresponsive to retinoic acid.Cancer Res, 53, 6036–6041 (1993). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Derijard, B., Raingeaud, J., Barrett, T., Wu, I. H., Han, J., Ulevitch, R. J. and Davis, R. J., Independent human MAP-kinase signal transduction pathways defined by MEK and MKK isoforms [published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jul 7;269(5220):17].Science, 267, 682–685 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Egan, S. E., Giddings, B. W., Brooks, M. W., Buday, L., Sizeland, A. M. and Weinberg, R. A., Association of Sos Ras exchange protein with Grb2 is implicated in tyrosine kinase signal transduction and transformation [see comments].Nature, 363, 45–51 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Favreau, L. V. and Pickett, C. B., Transcriptional regulation of the rat NAD(P)H:quinone reductase gene. Identification of regulatory elements controlling basal level expression and inducible expression by planar aromatic compounds and phenolic antioxidants.J. Biol Chem, 266, 4556–4561 (1991). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Fei, P., Matwyshyn, G. A., Rushmore, T. H. and Kong, A. N. T., Transcription regulation of rat glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene expression by chemopreventive agents.Pharm Res., 13, 1043–1048 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Litwack, G. and Alnemri, E. S., CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme.J Biol Chem, 269, 30761–30764 (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Fesus, L., Szondy, Z. and Uray, I., Probing the molecular program of apoptosis by cancer chemopreventive agents.J Cell Biochem Suppl, 22, 151–161 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Freshney, N. W., Rawlinson, L., Guesdon, F., Jones, E., Cowley, S., Husan, J. and Saklatvala, J., Interleukin-1 activates a novel protein kinase cascade that results in the phosphorylation of Hsp27.Cell, 78, 1039–1049 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Friling, R. S., Bensimon, A., Tichauer, Y. and Daniel, V., Xenobiotic-inducible expression of murine glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene is controlled by an electrophile-responsive element.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 87, 6258–6262 (1990). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Fuijta, Y., Yamane, T., Tanaka, M., Kuwata, K., Okuzumi, J., Takahashi, T., Fujiki, H. and Okuda, T., Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on carcinogenesis with N-ethyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in mouse duodenum.Jpn J Cancer Res, 80, 503–505 (1989). Google Scholar
Gerhauser, C., You, M., Liu, J., Moriarty, R. M., Hawthorne, M., Mehta, R. G., Moon, R. C. and Pezzuto, J. M., Cancer chemopreventive potential of sulforamate, a novel analogue of sulforaphane that induces phase 2 drug-metabolizing enzymes.Cancer Res, 57, 272–278 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Glatt, H., Sulfation and sulfotransferases 4: bioactivation of mutagens via sulfation.Faseb J, 11, 314–321 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Gonzalez, F. A., Raden, D. L. and Davis, R. J., Identification of substrate recognition determinants for human ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases.J. Biol Chem, 266, 22159–22163 (1991). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Guenthner, T., Epoxide Hydrolase. In Mulder, G., (Eds).Conjugation Reactions in Drug Metabolism. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 365–404, 1990. Google Scholar
Guo, Z., Smith, T. J., Wang, E., Eklind, K. I., Chung, F. L. and Yang, C. S., Structure-activity relationships of arylalkyl isothiocyanates for the inhibition of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone metabolism and the modulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rats and mice.Carcinogenesis, 14, 1167–1173 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Guo, Z., Smith, T. J., Wang, E., Sadrieh, N., Ma, Q., Thomas, P. E. and Yang, C. S., Effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate, a carcinogenesis inhibitor, on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and nitrosamine metabolism in rats.Carcinogenesis, 13, 2205–2210 (1992). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Han, J., Lee, J. D., Bibbs, L. and Ulevitch, R. J., A MAP kinase targeted by endotoxin and hyperosmolarity in mammalian cells.Science, 265, 808–811 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Hengstler, J. G., Arand, M., Herrero, M. F. and Oesch, F., Polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferases, glutathione S-transferases, microsomal epoxide hydrolase and sulfotransferases, influence on cancer susceptibility.Recent Results Cancer Res, 154, 47–85 (1998). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Hibi, M., Lin, A., Smeal, T., Minden, A. and Karin, M., Identification of an oncoprotein- and UV-responsive protein kinase that binds and potentiates the c-Jun activation domain.Genes Dev, 7, 2135–2148 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Hirano, T., Oka, K. and Akiba, M., Antiproliferative effects of synthetic and naturally occurring flavonoids on tumor cells of the human breast carcinoma cell line, ZR-75-1.Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol, 64, 69–78 (1989). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Igarashi, K., Kataoka, K., Itoh, K., Hayashi, N., Nishizawa, M. and Yamamoto, M., Regulation of transcription by dimerization of erythroid factor NF-E2 p45 with small Maf proteins [see comments].Nature, 367, 568–572 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Itoh, K., Chiba, T., Takahashi, S., Ishii, T., Igarashi, K., Katoh, Y., Oyake, T., Hayashi, N., Satoh, K., Hatayama, I., Yamamoto, M. and Nabeshima, Y., An Nrf2/small Maf heterodimer mediates the induction of phase II detoxifying enzyme genes through antioxidant response elements.Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 236, 313–322 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Itoh, K., Wakabayashi, N., Katoh, Y., Ishii, T., Igarashi, K., Engel, J. D. and Yamamoto, M., Keap1 represses nuclear activation of antioxidant responsive elements by Nrf2 through binding to the amino-terminal Neh2 domain.Genes Dev, 13, 76–86 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Jaiswal, A. K., Jun and Fos regulation of NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase gene expression.Pharmacogenetics, 4, 1–10 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Jang, M., Cai, L., Udeani, G. O., Slowing, K. V., Thomas, C. F., Beecher, C. W., Fong, H. H., Farnsworth, N. R., Kinghorn, A. D., Mehta, R. G., Moon, R. C. and Pezzuto, J. M., Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes.Science, 275, 218–220 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Jiao, D., Smith, T. J., Yang, C. S., Pittman, B., Desai, D., Amin, S. and Chung, F. L., Chemopreventive activity of thiol conjugates of isothiocyanates for lung tumorigenesis.Carcinogenesis, 18, 2143–2147 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Karin, M., The regulation of AP-1 activity by mitogenactivated protein kinases.J Biol Chem, 270, 16483–16486 (1995). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Karin, M., Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades as regulators of stress responses.Ann N Y Acad Sci, 851, 139–146 (1998). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kashfi, K., Yang, E. K., Chowdhury, J. R., Chowdhury, N. R. and Dannenberg, A. J., Regulation of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase expression by phenolic antioxidants.Cancer Res, 54, 5856–5859 (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kataoka, K., Noda, M. and Nishizawa, M., Maf nuclear oncoprotein recognizes sequences related to an AP-1 site and forms heterodimers with both Fos and Jun.Mol Cell Biol, 14, 700–712 (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Katiyar, S. K., Agarwal, R. and Mukhtar, H., Protection against malignant conversion of chemically induced benign skin papillomas to squamous cell carcinomas in SENCAR mice by a polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea.Cancer Res, 53, 5409–5412 (1993). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kelloff, G. J., Boone, C. W., Steele, V. E., Crowell, J. A., Lubet, R. A., Greenwald, P., Hawk, E. T., Fay, J. R. and Sigman, C. C., Mechanistic considerations in the evaluation of chemopreventive data.IARC Sci Publ, 203–219 (1996).
Kensler, T. W., Egner, P. A., Dolan, P. M., Groopman, J. D. and Roebuck, B. D., Mechanism of protection against aflatoxin tumorigenicity in rats fed 5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (oltipraz) and related 1,2-dithiol-3-thiones and 1,2-dithiol-3-ones.Cancer Res, 47, 4271–4277 (1987). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kensler, T. W., Groopman, J. D., Eaton, D. L., Curphey, T. J. and Roebuck, B. D., Potent inhibition of aflatoxin-induced hepatic tumorigenesis by the monofunctional enzyme inducer 1,2-dithiole-3-thione.Carcinogenesis, 13, 95–100 (1992). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kim, N. D. and Kim, S. G., Chemopreventive effects of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine.Arch Pharm Res, 22, 99–107 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
King, M. M. and McCay, P. B., Modulation of tumor incidence and possible mechanisms of inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis by dietary antioxidants.Cancer Res, 43, 2485s-2490s (1983). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kirlin, W. G., Cai, J., DeLong, M. J., Patten, E. J. and Jones, D. P., Dietary compounds that induce cancer preventive phase 2 enzymes activate apoptosis at comparable doses in HT29 colon carcinoma cells.J Nutr, 129, 1827–1835 (1999). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kitchen, I., Tremblay, J., Andre, J., Dring, L. G., Idle, J. R., Smith, R. L. and Williams, R. T., Interindividual and interspecies variation in the metabolism of the hallucinogen 4-methoxyamphetamine.Xenobiotica, 9, 397–404 (1979). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kluck, R. M., Bossy-Wetzel, E., Green, D. R. and Newmeyer, D. D., The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis [see comments].Science, 275, 1132–1136 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kyriakis, J. M. and Avruch, J., Protein kinase cascades activated by stress and inflammatory cytokines.Bioessays, 18, 567–577 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kyriakis, J. M., Banerjee, P., Nikolakaki, E., Dai, T., Rubie, E. A., Ahmad, M. F., Avruch, J. and Woodgett, J. R., The stress-activated protein kinase subfamily of c-Jun kinases.Nature, 369, 156–160 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lam, L. K., Fladmoe, A. V., Hochalter, J. B. and Wattenberg, L. W., Short time interval effects of butylated hydroxyanisole on the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene.Cancer Res, 40, 2824–2828 (1980). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lee, J. C., Laydon, J. T., McDonnell, P. C., Gallagher, T. F., Kumar, S., Green, D., McNulty, D., Blumenthal, M. J., Heys, J. R., Landvatter, S. W. and et al., A protein kinase involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine biosynthesis.Nature, 372, 739–746 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lei, W., Yu, R., Mandlekar, S. and Kong, A. N., Induction of apoptosis and activation of interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme/Ced-3 protease (caspase-3) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1 by benzo(a)pyrene.Cancer Res, 58, 2102–2106 (1998). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Li, P., Nijhawan, D., Budihardjo, I., Srinivasula, S. M., Ahmad, M., Alnemri, E. S. and Wang, X., Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade.Cell, 91, 479–489 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Li, Y. and Jaiswal, A. K., Regulation of human NAD (P)H: quinone oxidoreductase gene. Role of AP1 binding site contained within human antioxidant response element [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1993 Oct 5;268(28):21454].J Biol Chem, 267, 15097–15104 (1992). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lin, J. K., Liang, Y. C. and Lin-Shiau, S. Y., Cancer chemoprevention by tea polyphenols through mitotic signal transduction blockade.Biochem Pharmacol, 58, 911–915 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Liu, X., Zou, H., Slaughter, C. and Wang, X., DFF, a heterodimeric protein that functions downstream of caspase-3 to trigger DNA fragmentation during apoptosis.Cell, 89, 175–184 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lotan, R., Retinoids in cancer chemoprevention.Faseb J, 10, 1031–1039 (1996). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lupulescu, A. P., Hormones, vitamins, and growth factors in cancer treatment and prevention. A critical appraisal.Cancer, 78, 2264–2280 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Mackenzie, P. I., Owens, I. S., Burchell, B., Bock, K. W., Bairoch, A., Belanger, A., Fournel-Gigleux, S., Green, M., Hum, D. W., Iyanagi, T., Lancet, D., Louisot, P., Magdalou, J., Chowdhury, J. R., Ritter, J. K., Schachter, H., Tephly, T. R., Tipton, K. F. and Nebert, D. W., The UDP glycosyltransferase gene superfamily: recommended nomenclature update based on evolutionary divergence.Pharmacogenetics, 7, 255–269 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Marshall, C. J., MAP kinase kinase kinase, MAP kinase kinase and MAP kinase.Curr Opin Genet Dev, 4, 82–89 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Martin, S. J. and Green, D. R., Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts?Cell, 82, 349–352 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
McGowan, A. J., Ruiz-Ruiz, M. C., Gorman, A. M., Lopez-Rivas, A. and Cotter, T. G., Reactive oxygen intermediate(s) (ROI): common mediator(s) of poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) cleavage and apoptosis.FEBS Lett, 392, 299–303 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Mizutani, T., Nomura, H., Nakanishi, K. and Fujita, S., Hepatotoxicity of butylated hydroxytoluene and its analogs in mice depleted of hepatic glutathione.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 87, 166–176 (1987). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Moi, P., Chan, K., Asunis, I., Cao, A. and Kan, Y. W., Isolation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a NF-E2-like basic leucine zipper transcriptional activator that binds to the tandem NF-E2/AP1 repeat of the beta-globin locus control region.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91, 9926–9930 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Moinova, H. R. and Mulcahy, R. T., Up-regulation of the human gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase regulatory subunit gene involves binding of Nrf-2 to an electrophile responsive element.Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 261, 661–668 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Mulder, G., Coughtrie, MWH, and Burchell, B., Glucuronidation. In GJ, M., (Eds).Conjugation Reactions in Drug Metabolism. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 51–106, 1990. Google Scholar
Munzel, P. A., Schmohl, S., Heel, H., Kalberer, K., Bock-Hennig, B. S. and Bock, K. W., Induction of human UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) by t-butylhydroquinone and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Caco-2 cells.Drug Metab Dispos, 27, 569–573 (1999). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Nelson, D. R., Kamataki, T., Waxman, D. J., Guengerich, F. P., Estabrook, R. W., Feyereisen, R., Gonzalez, F. J., Coon, M. J., Gunsalus, I. C., Gotoh, O. and et al., The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers, early trivial names of enzymes, and nomenclature.DNA Cell Biol, 12, 1–51 (1993). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Okuda, A., Imagawa, M., Maeda, Y., Sakai, M. and Muramatsu, M., Structural and functional analysis of an enhancer GPEI having a phorbol 12-O-tetradecanoate 13-acetate responsive element-like sequence found in the rat glutathione transferase P gene.J Biol Chem, 264, 16919–16926 (1989). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Pascale, R. M., Marras, V., Simile, M. M., Daino, L., Pinna, G., Bennati, S., Carta, M., Seddaiu, M. A., Massarelli, G. and Feo, F., Chemoprevention of rat liver carcinogenesis by S-adenosyl-L-methionine: a long-term study.Cancer Res, 52, 4979–4986 (1992). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Patten, E. J. and DeLong, M. J., Temporal effects of the detoxification enzyme inducer, benzyl isothiocyanate: activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase prior to the transcription factors AP-1 and NFkappaB.Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 257, 149–155 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Pezzuto, J.,Cancer chemopreventive agents: from plant materials to clinical intervention trials. American Chemical Society Books, Washington, DC, 1993. Google Scholar
Pezzuto, J.,Natural product cancer chemopreventive agents. Plenum Press, New York, 1995. Google Scholar
Pinkus, R., Weiner, L. M. and Daniel, V., Role of oxidants and antioxidants in the induction of AP-1, NF-kappaB, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression.J Biol Chem, 271, 13422–13429 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Prestera, T., Holtzclaw, W. D., Zhang, Y. and Talalay, P., Chemical and molecular regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 2965–2969 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Prochaska, H. J. and Talalay, P., Regulatory mechanisms of monofunctional and bifunctional anticarcinogenic enzyme inducers in murine liver.Cancer Res, 48, 4776–4782 (1988). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Raingeaud, J., Gupta, S., Rogers, J. S., Dickens, M., Han, J., Ulevitch, R. J. and Davis, R. J., Pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress cause p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase activation by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine.J Biol Chem, 270, 7420–7426 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Rouse, J., Cohen, P., Trigon, S., Morange, M., Alonso-Llamazares, A., Zamanillo, D., Hunt, T. and Nebreda, A. R., A novel kinase cascade triggered by stress and heat shock that stimulates MAPKAP kinase-2 and phosphorylation of the small heat shock proteins.Cell, 78, 1027–1037 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Rushmore, T., Pickett, CB, and Lu AYH.,Regulation fo expression of rat liver glutathione S-transferases: Xenobiotic and antioxidant induction of the Ya subunit gene. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. Google Scholar
Rushmore, T. H., Morton, M. R. and Pickett, C. B., The antioxidant responsive element. Activation by oxidative stress and identification of the DNA consensus sequence required for functional activity.J Biol Chem, 266, 11632–11639 (1991). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Rushmore, T. H. and Pickett, C. B., Transcriptional regulation of the rat glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene. Characterization of a xenobiotic-responsive element controlling inducible expression by phenolic antioxidants.J Biol Chem, 265, 14648–14653 (1990). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Samaha, H. S., Kelloff, G. J., Steele, V., Rao, C. V. and Reddy, B. S., Modulation of apoptosis by sulindac, curcumin, phenylethyl-3-methylcaffeate, and 6-phenylhexyl isothiocyanate: apoptotic index as a biomarker in colon cancer chemoprevention and promotion.Cancer Res, 57, 1301–1305 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Shao, Z. M., Wu, J., Shen, Z. Z. and Barsky, S. H., Genistein exerts multiple suppressive effects on human breast carcinoma cells.Cancer Res, 58, 4851–4857 (1998). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Skolnik, E. Y., Lee, C. H., Batzer, A., Vicentini, L. M., Zhou, M., Daly, R., Myers, M. J., Jr., Backer, J. M., Ullrich, A., White, M. F. and et al., The SH2/SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 interacts with tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS1 and Shc: implications for insulin control of ras signalling.Embo J, 12, 1929–1936 (1993). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Slater, A., Stefan, C, Nobel, I, Van Den Dobbelsteen, DJ, and Orrenius, S., Intracellular redox changes during apoptosis.Cell Death and Differentiation, 3, 57–62 (1996). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Smith, C. A., Farrah, T. and Goodwin, R. G., The TNF receptor superfamily of cellular and viral proteins: activation, costimulation, and death.Cell, 76, 959–962 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Sparnins, V. L., Chuan, J. and Wattenberg, L. W., Enhancement of glutathione S-transferase activity of the esophagus by phenols, lactones, and benzyl isothiocyanate.Cancer Res, 42, 1205–1207 (1982a). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Sparnins, V. L., Venegas, P. L. and Wattenberg, L. W., Glutathione S-transferase activity: enhancement by compounds inhibiting chemical carcinogenesis and by dietary constituents.J Natl Cancer Inst, 68, 493–496 (1982b). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Stokoe, D., Macdonald, S. G., Cadwallader, K., Symons, M. and Hancock, J. F., Activation of Raf as a result of recruitment to the plasma membrane [see comments] [published erratum appears in Science 1994 Dec 16;266(5192):1792-3].Science, 264, 1463–1467 (1994). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Stoner, G. D., Morrissey, D. T., Heur, Y. H., Daniel, E. M., Galati, A. J. and Wagner, S. A., Inhibitory effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate on N-nitrosobenzylmethylamine carcinogenesis in the rat esophagus.Cancer Res, 51, 2063–2068 (1991). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Talalay, P., De Long, M.J., and Prochaska, H.J.,Molecular Mechanisms in protection against carcinogenesis. Plenum, New York, 1987. Google Scholar
Talalay, P., Mechanisms of induction of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogenesis.Adv Enzyme Regul, 28, 237–250 (1989). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Tartaglia, L. A., Rothe, M., Hu, Y. F. and Goeddel, D. V., Tumor necrosis factor’s cytotoxic activity is signaled by the p55 TNF receptor.Cell, 73, 213–216 (1993). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Tewari, M., Quan, L. T., K, O. R., Desnoyers, S., Zeng, Z., Beidler, D. R., Poirier, G. G., Salvesen, G. S. and Dixit, V. M., Yama/CPP32 beta, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.Cell, 81, 801–809 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Thompson, C. B., Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease.Science, 267, 1456–1462 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Thornberry, N. A. and Lazebnik, Y., Caspases: enemies within.Science, 281, 1312–1316 (1998). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Ulland, B. M., Weisburger, J. H., Yamamoto, R. S. and Weisburger, E. K., Antioxidants and carcinogenesis: butylated hydroxytoluene, but not diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, inhibits cancer induction by N-2-fluorenylacetamide and by N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide in rats.Food Cosmet Toxicol, 11, 199–207 (1973). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Venugopal, R. and Jaiswal, A. K., Nrf1 and Nrf2 positively and c-Fos and Fra1 negatively regulate the human antioxidant response element-mediated expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase1 gene.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 14960–14965 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Verheij, M., Bose, R., Lin, X. H., Yao, B., Jarvis, W. D., Grant, S., Birrer, M. J., Szabo, E., Zon, L. I., Kyriakis, J. M., Haimovitz-Friedman, A., Fuks, Z. and Kolesnick, R. N., Requirement for ceramide-initiated SAPK/JNK signalling in stress-induced apoptosis.Nature, 380, 75–79 (1996). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wang, X. S., Diener, K., Manthey, C. L., Wang, S., Rosenzweig, B., Bray, J., Delaney, J., Cole, C. N., Chan-Hui, P.Y., Mantlo, N., Lichenstein, H. S., Zukowski, M. and Yao, Z., Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.J Biol Chem, 272, 23668–23674 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wang, Z. Y., Cheng, S. J., Zhou, Z. C., Athar, M., Khan, W. A., Bickers, D. R. and Mukhtar, H., Antimutagenic activity of green tea polyphenols.Mutat Res, 223, 273–285 (1989). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wang, Z. Y., Huang, M. T., Lou, Y. R., Xie, J. G., Reuhl, K. R., Newmark, H. L., Ho, C. T., Yang, C. S. and Conney, A. H., Inhibitory effects of black tea, green tea, decaffeinated black tea, and decaffeinated green tea on ultraviolet B light-induced skin carcinogenesis in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated SKH-1 mice.Cancer Res, 54, 3428–3435 (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wasserman, W. W. and Fahl, W. E., Functional antioxidant responsive elements.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 5361–5366 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Inhibition of chemical carcinogen-induced pulmonary neoplasia by butylated hydroxyanisole.J Natl Cancer Inst, 50, 1541–1544 (1973). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Inhibition of carcinogenic effects of polycyclic hydrocarbons by benzyl isothiocyanate and related compounds.J. Natl Cancer Inst, 58, 395–398 (1977). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Inhibition of neoplasia by minor dietary constituents.Cancer Res, 43, 2448s-2453s. (1983). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Protective effects of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole on chemical carcinogenesis.Food Chem Toxicol, 24, 1099–1102 (1986). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Prevention-therapy-basic science and the resolution of the cancer problem.Cancer Res, 53, 5890–5896 (1993). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W. and Bueding, E., Inhibitory effects of 5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (Oltipraz) on carcinogenesis induced by benzo[a]pyrene, diethyl-nitrosamine and uracil mustard.Carcinogenesis, 7, 1379–1381 (1986). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Coccia, J. B. and Lam, L. K., Inhibitory effects of phenolic compounds on benzo(a)pyrene-induced neoplasia.Cancer Res, 40, 2820–2823 (1980). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wattenberg, L. W., Lam, L. K., Fladmoe, A. V. and Borchert, P., Inhibits of of colon carcinogenesis.Cancer, 40, 2432–2435 (1977). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Weinshilboum, R. M., Otterness, D. M., Aksoy, I. A., Wood, T. C., Her, C. and Raftogianis, R. B., Sulfation and sulfotransferases 1: Sulfotransferase molecular biology: cDNAs and genes.Faseb J, 11, 3–14 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Weinstein, I. B., Begemann, M., Zhou, P., Han, E. K., Sgambato, A., Doki, Y., Arber, N., Ciaparrone, M. and Yamamoto, H., Disorders in cell circuitry associated with multistage carcinogenesis: exploitable targets for cancer prevention and therapy.Clin Cancer Res, 3, 2696–2702 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Weisburger, E. K. and Evarts, R. P., Inhibitory effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on intestinal carcinogenesis in rats by azoxymethane.Food Cosmet Toxicol, 15, 139–141 (1977). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Williams, R. T., Species variations in the pathways of drug metabolism.Environ Health Perspect, 22, 133–138 (1978). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wormhoudt, L. W., Commandeur, J. N. and Vermeulen, N. P., Genetic polymorphisms of human N-acetyl-transferase, cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase, and epoxide hydrolase enzymes: relevance to xenobiotic metabolism and toxicity.Crit Rev Toxicol, 29, 59–124 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Xu, Y., Ho, C. T., Amin, S. G., Han, C. and Chung, F. L., Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and its major polyphenol as antioxidants.Cancer Res, 52, 3875–3879 (1992). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yan, Y. S., [Effect of Chinese green tea extracts on the human gastric carcinoma cell in vitro].Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih, 24, 80–82 (1990). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yang, C. S., Brady, J. F. and Hong, J. Y., Dietary effects on cytochromes P450, xenobiotic metabolism, and toxicity.Faseb J, 6, 737–744 (1992). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yang, C. S., Smith, T. J. and Hong, J. Y., Cytochrome P-450 enzymes as targets for chemoprevention against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity: opportunities and limitations.Cancer Res, 54, 1982s-1986s (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yang, G. Y., Liao, J., Kim, K., Yurkow, E. J. and Yang, C. S., Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in human cancer cell lines by tea polyphenols.Carcinogenesis, 19, 611–616 (1998). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yang, J., Liu, X., Bhalla, K., Kim, C. N., Ibrado, A. M., Cai, J., Peng, T. I., Jones, D. P. and Wang, X., Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked [see comments].Science, 275, 1129–1132 (1997). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Ye, H., Kelly, T. F., Samadani, U., Lim, L., Rubio, S., Overdier, D. G., Roebuck, K. A. and Costa, R. H., Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head homolog 11 is expressed in proliferating epithelial and mesenchymal cells of embryonic and adult tissues.Mol Cell Biol, 17, 1626–1641 (1997). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Mandlekar, S., Harvey, K.J., Ucker, D.S., and Kong, A.-N. T., Chemopreventive isothiocyanates induce apoptosis and caspase-3-like protease activity.Cancer Res., 58, 402–408 (1998a). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Mandlekar, S., and Kong, A.-N.T., Distinct roles of intracellular calcium in the activation of c-jun N-terminal kinases and caspases during apoptosis induced by phenolic antioxidant BHA. In_37th Annual Meeting of Society of Toxicology, Seattle, WA, Toxicological Sciences (Formerly Fund. Appl. Tox.)_. pp. 356. Seattle, WA (1998b).
Yu, R., Mandlekar, S., Lei, W., Fahl, W.E., Tan, T.-H., and Kong, A.-N.T., p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase negatively regulates the induction of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes that detoxify carcinogens.J. Biol. Chem., 275 (February 2000 (in the press)).
Yu, R., Jiao, J. J., Duh, J. L., Gudehithlu, K., Tan, T. H. and Kong, A. N. T., Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by green tea polyphenols: potential signaling pathways in the regulation of antioxidant-responsive element-mediated phase II enzyme gene expression.Carcinogenesis, 18, 451–456 (1997a). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Jiao, J. J., Duh, J. L., Tan, T. H. and Kong, A. N. T., Phenethyl isothiocyanate, a natural chemopreventive agent, activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1.Cancer Res, 56, 2954–2959 (1996a). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Lei, W., Mandlekar, S., Weber, M. J., Der, C. J., Wu, J. and Kong, A. T., Role of a Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in the Induction of Phase II Detoxifying Enzymes by Chemicals.J Biol Chem, 274, 27545–27552 (1999). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Shtil, A. A., Tan, T. H., Roninson, I. B. and Kong, A. N. T., Adriamycin activates c-jun N-terminal kinase in human leukemia cells: a relevance to apoptosis.Cancer Lett, 107, 73–81 (1996b). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yu, R., Tan, T. H. and Kong, A. T., Butylated hydroxyanisole and its metabolite tert-butylhydroquinone differentially regulate mitogen-activated protein kinases. The role of oxidative stress in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by phenolic antioxidants.J Biol Chem, 272, 28962–28970 (1997b). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Kolm, R. H., Mannervik, B. and Talalay, P., Reversible conjugation of isothiocyanates with glutathione catalyzed by human glutathione transferases.Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 206, 748–755 (1995). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Zhang, Y. and Talalay, P., Anticarcinogenic activities of organic isothiocyanates: chemistry and mechanisms.Cancer Res., 54, 1976s-1981s (1994). PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Talalay, P., Cho, C. G. and Posner, G. H., A major inducer of anticarcinogenic protective enzymes from broccoli: isolation and elucidation of structure.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 89, 2399–2403 (1992). ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar