Reduced Lymph Node Yield in Rectal Carcinoma Specimen After Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy Has No Prognostic Relevance (original) (raw)
Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E et al (2007) Cancer Statistics 2007. CA Cancer J Clin 57:43–66 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Tepper JE, O’Connell MJ, Petroni GR et al (1997) Adjuvant postoperative fluorouracil-modulated chemotherapy combined with pelvic radiation therapy for rectal cancer: initial results of Intergroup 0114. J Clin Oncol 15:2030–2039 PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kobayashi H, Ueno H, Hashiguchi Y et al (2006) Distribution of lymph node metastasis is a prognostic index in patients with stage III colon cancer. Surgery 139:516–522 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Berger AC, Sigurdson ER, LeVoyer T et al (2005) Colon cancer survival is associated with decreasing ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes. J Clin Oncol 23:8706–8712 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Tocchi A, Mazzoni G, Lepre L et al (2001) Total mesorectal excision and low rectal anastomosis for the treatment of rectal cancer and prevention of pelvic recurrences. Arch Surg 136:216–220 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
van den Brink M, Stiggelbout AM, van den Hout WB et al (2004) Clinical nature and prognosis of locally recurrent rectal cancer after total mesorectal excision with or without preoperative radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 22:3958–3964 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Johnson PM, Malatjalian D, Porter GA (2002) Adequacy of nodal harvest in colorectal cancer: a consecutive cohort study. J Gastrointest Surg 6:883–888 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Chang GJ, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Skibber JM et al (2007) Lymph node evaluation and survival after curative resection of colon cancer: systematic review. J Natl Cancer Inst 99:433–441 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
George S, Primrose J, Talbot R et al (2006) Will Rogers revisited: prospective observational study of survival of 3592 patients with colorectal cancer according to number of nodes examined by pathologists. Br J Cancer 95:841–847 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Swanson RS, Compton CC, Stewart AK et al (2003) The prognosis of T3N0 colon cancer is dependent on the number of lymph nodes examined. Ann Surg Oncol 10:65–71 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Lee HY, Choi HJ, Park KJ et al (2007) Prognostic significance of metastatic lymph node ratio in node-positive colon carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 14:1712–1717 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Maurel J, Launoy G, Grosclaude P et al (1998) Lymph node harvest reporting in patients with carcinoma of the large bowel: a French population-based study. Cancer 82:1482–1486 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Yoshimatsu K, Ishibashi K, Umehara A et al (2005) How many lymph nodes should be examined in Dukes’ B colorectal cancer? Determination on the basis of cumulative survival rate. Hepatogastroenterology 52:1703–1706 PubMed Google Scholar
Luna-Perez P, Trejo-Valdivia B, Labastida S et al (1999) Prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated with preoperative radiotherapy and surgery. World J Surg 23:1069–1074 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Prandi M, Lionetto R, Bini A et al (2002) Prognostic evaluation of stage B colon cancer patients is improved by an adequate lymphadenectomy: results of a secondary analysis of a large scale adjuvant trial. Ann Surg 235:458–463 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Sobin LH, Wittekind C (eds) (1997) TNM classification of malignant tumours, 5th edn. Wiley-Liss, New York
Sobin LH, Greene FL (2001) TNM classification: clarification of number of regional lymph nodes for pN0. Cancer 92:452 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Schmiegel W, Pox C, Adler G et al (2004) S3-Guidelines Conference “Colorectal Cancer” 2004. Z Gastroenterol 42:1129–1177 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Camma C, Giunta M, Fiorica M et al (2000) Preoperative radiotherapy for resectable rectal cancer. A meta-analysis. JAMA 284:1008–1015 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kapiteijn E, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID et al (2001) Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 345:638–646 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W et al (2004) Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 351:1731–1740 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Rosenberg R, Nekarda H, Zimmermann F et al (2008) Histopathological response after preoperative radiochemotherapy in rectal carcinoma is associated with improved overall survival. J Surg Oncol 97:8–13 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Party Medical Research Council Rectal Cancer Working (1982) A trial of preoperative radiotherapy in the management of operable rectal cancer. Br J Surg 69:513–519 Article Google Scholar
Horn A, Morild I, Dahl O (1990) Tumour shrinkage and down staging after preoperative radiation of rectal adenocarcinomas. Radiother Oncol 18:19–28 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Party Medical Research Council Rectal Cancer Working (1996) Randomised trial of surgery alone versus surgery followed by radiotherapy for mobile cancer of the rectum. Lancet 348:1610–1614 Article Google Scholar
Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, Klein Kranenbarg E et al (2001) No downstaging after short-term preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 19:1976–1984 PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Sermier A, Gervaz P, Egger JF et al (2006) Lymph node retrieval in abdominoperineal surgical specimen is radiation time-dependent. World J Surg Oncol 4:29 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Wheeler JM, Warren BF, Mortensen NJ et al (2002) Quantification of histologic regression of rectal cancer after irradiation: a proposal for a modified staging system. Dis Colon Rectum 45:1051–1056 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Wichmann MW, Muller C, Meyer G et al (2002) Effect of preoperative radiochemotherapy on lymph node retrieval after resection of rectal cancer. Arch Surg 137:206–210 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Wijesuriya RE, Deen KI, Hewavisenthi J et al (2005) Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer down-stages the tumour but reduces lymph node harvest significantly. Surg Today 35:442–445 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Baxter NN, Morris AM, Rothenberger DA et al (2005) Impact of preoperative radiation for rectal cancer on subsequent lymph node evaluation: a population-based analysis. Int J Radiol Oncol Biol Phys 61:426–431 Article Google Scholar
NIH consensus conference (1990) Adjuvant therapy for patients with colon and rectal cancer. JAMA 264:1444–1450 Article Google Scholar
O’Connell MJ, Martenson JA, Wieand HS et al (1994) Improving adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer by combining protracted-infusion fluorouracil with radiation therapy after curative surgery. N Engl J Med 331:502–507 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Becker K, Mueller JD, Schuhmacher C et al (2003) Histomorphology and grading of regression in gastric carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 98:1521–1530 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Francois Y, Nernoz CJ, Baulieux J et al (1999) Influence of the interval between preoperative radiation therapy and surgery on downstaging and on the rate of sphincter-sparing surgery for rectal cancer: the Lyon R90-01 randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 17:279–286 Google Scholar
Moore HG, Gittleman AE, Minsky BD et al (2004) Rate of pathologic complete response with increased interval between preoperative combined modality and rectal cancer resection. Dis Colon Rectum 47:279–286 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Farjardo LF (1994) Effects of ionizing radiation on lymph nodes. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 28:37–45 Google Scholar
Shvero J, Koren R, Marshak G et al (2001) Histological changes in the cervical lymph nodes after radiotherapy. Oncol Rep 8:909–911 PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Thorn CC, Woodcock NP, Scott N et al (2004) What factors affect lymph node yield in surgery for rectal cancer? Colorectal Dis 6:356–361 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Sarli L, Bader G, Iusco D et al (2005) Number of lymph nodes examined and prognosis of TNM stage II colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 41:272–279 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Jass JR, O’Brien MJ, Riddell RH et al (2007) Recommendations for the reporting of surgically resected specimens of colorectal carcinoma. Hum Pathol 38:537–545 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Kim NK, Baik SH, Seong JS et al (2006) Oncologic outcomes after neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by curative resection with tumour-specific mesorectal excision for fixed locally advanced rectal cancer: Impact of postirradiated pathologic downstaging on local recurrence and survival. Ann Surg 244:1024–1030 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Rosenberg R, Friederichs J, Gertler R et al (2004) Prognostic evaluation and review of immunohistochemically detected disseminated tumour cells in peritumoural lymph nodes of patients with pN0 colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 19:430–437 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Friederichs J, Rosenberg R, Mages J et al (2005) Gene expression profiles of different clinical stages of colorectal carcinoma: toward a molecular genetic understanding of tumour progression. Int J Colorectal Dis 20:391–402 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Beresford M, Glynne-Jones R, Richman P et al (2005) The reliability of lymph node staging in rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 17:448–455 CAS Google Scholar