Recognition of fungal pathogens by Toll-like receptors (original) (raw)

References

1. Lemaitre B, Nicolas E, Michaut L, Reichhart J-M, Hoffmann JA (1996) The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette Spaetzle/Toll/Cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults. Cell 86:973–983
   Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
2. Alarco A-M, Marcil A, Chen J, Suter B, Thomas D, Whiteway M (2004) Immune-deficient Drosophila melanogaster: a model for the innate immune response to human fungal pathogens. J Immunol 172:5622–5628
   CAS PubMed Google Scholar
3. Rock FL, Hardiman G, Timans JC, Kastelein JA, Bazan JF (1998) A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:588–593
   Google Scholar
4. Akira S, Hemmi H (2003) Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by TLR family. Immunol Lett 85:85–95
   Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
5. Takeda K, Kaisho T, Akira S (2003) Toll-like receptors. Annu Rev Immunol 21:335–376
   Google Scholar
6. Underhill DM, Ozinsky A (2002) Toll-like receptors: key mediators of microbe detection. Curr Opin Immunol 4:103–110
   Article Google Scholar
7. Kopp E, Medzhitov R (2003) Recognition of microbial infection by Toll-like receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 15:396–401
   Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
8. Underhill DM, Ozinski A, Hajjar AM, Stevens A, Wilson CB, Bassetti M, Aderem A (1999) The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens. Nature 401:811–815
   Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
9. Ozinsky A, Underhill DM, Fontenot JD, Hajjar AM, Smith KD, Wilson CB, Schroeder L, Aderem A (2000) The repertoire for pattern recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system is defined by cooperation between Toll-like receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:13766–13771
   Google Scholar
10. Klis FM, de Groot P, Hellingwerf K (2001) Molecular organization of the cell wall of Candida albicans. Med Mycol 39(Suppl 1):1–8
    CAS Google Scholar
11. Netea MG, de Graaf C, Vonk A, Verschueren I, Van der Meer JWM, Kullberg BJ (2002) The role of Toll-like receptors in the defense against disseminated candidiasis. J Infect Dis 185:1483–1489
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
12. Bellocchio S, Montagnoli C, Bozza S, Gaziano R, Rossi G, Mambula SS, Vecchi A, Mantovani A, Levitz SM, Romani L (2004) The contribution of Toll-like/IL-1 receptor superfamily to innate and adaptive immunity to fungal pathogens in vivo. J Immunol 172:3059–3069
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
13. Marr KA, Arunmozhi Balajee S, Hawn TR, Ozinsky A, Pham U, Akira S, Aderem A, Conrad Liles W (2003) Differential role of MyD88 in macrophage-mediated responses to opportunistic fungal pathogens. Infect Immun 71:5280–5286
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
14. Brown GD, Herre J, Williams DL, Willment JA, Marshall AS, Gordon S (2003) Dectin-1 mediates the biological effects of beta-glucans. J Exp Med 197:1119–1124
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
15. Gantner BN, Simmons RM, Canavera SJ, Akira S, Underhill DM (2003) Collaborative induction of inflammatory responses by dectin-1 and Toll-like receptor 2. J Exp Med 197:1107–1117
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
16. Villamon E, Gozalbo D, Roig P, O’Connor JE, Fradelizi D, Gil ML (2004) Toll-like receptor-2 is essential in murine defenses against Candida albicans infections. Microbes Infect 6:1–7
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
17. Netea MG, Sutmuller R, Hermann C, Van der Graaf CAA, Van der Meer JWM, Adema G, Kullberg BJ (2004) Toll-like receptor 2 inhibits cellular responses against Candida albicans through pathways mediated by IL-10 and CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells. J Immunol 172:3712–3718
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
18. Villamon E, Gozalbo D, Roig P, O’Connor JE, Ferrandiz ML, Fradelizi D, Gil ML (2004) Toll-like receptor 2 is dispensable for acquired host immune resistance to Candida albicans in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. Microbes Infect 6:542–548
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
19. Beck-Sagué CM, Jarvis WR (1993) Secular trends in the epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections in the United States, 1980–1990. J Infect Dis 167:1247–1251
    PubMed Google Scholar
20. Wang JE, Warris A, Ellingsen EA, Jorgensen PF, Flo TH, Espevik T, Solberg R, Verweij PE, Aasen AO (2001) Involvement of CD14 and Toll-like receptors in activation of human monocytes by Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae. Infect Immun 69:2402–2406
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
21. Mambula SS, Sau K, Henneke P, Golenbock DT, Levitz SM (2002) Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in response to Aspergillus fumigatus. J Biol Chem 277:39320–39326
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
22. Netea MG, Warris A, Van der Meer JWM, Fenton MJ, Jacobs L, Verver-Jansen T, Andressen T, Verweij P, Kullberg BJ (2003) Aspergillus fumigatus evades immune recognition during germination through loss of TLR4-mediated signal transduction. J Infect Dis 188:320–326
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
23. Meier A, Kirschning CJ, Nikolaus T, Wagner H, Heesemann J, Ebel F (2003) Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are essential for _Aspergillus_-induced activation of murine macrophages. Cell Microbiol 5:561–570
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
24. Braedel S, Radsak M, Einsele H, Latge J-P, Michan A, Loeffler J, Haddad Z, Grigoleit U, Schild H, Hebart H (2004) Aspergillus fumigatus antigens activate innate immune cells via Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Br J Haematol 125:392–399
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
25. Shoham S, Huang C, Chen J-M, Golenbock DT, Levitz SM (2001) Toll-like receptor 4 mediates intracellular signaling without TNF release in response to Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide capsule. J Immunol 166:4620–4626
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
26. Jouault T, Ibata-Ombetta S, Takeuchi O, Trinel P-A, Sacchetti P, Lefebvre P, Akira S, Poulain D (2003) Candida albicans phospholipomannan is sensed through Toll-like receptors. J Infect Dis 188:165–172
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
27. Tada H, Nemoto E, Shimauki H, Watanabe T, Mikami T, Matsumoto T, Ohna N, Tamura H, Shibata K, Akashi S, Miyake K, Sugawara S, Takada H (2002) _S. cerevisiae_- and _Candida albicans_-derived mannan induced production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by human monocytes in a CD14- and Toll-like receptor 4-dependent manner. Microbiol Immunol 46:503–512
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
28. Roeder A, Kirschning CJ, Rupec RA, Schaller M, Korting HC (2004) Toll-like receptors and innate antifungal responses. Trends Microbiol 12:44–49
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
29. Romani L (2004) Immunity to fungal infections. Nat Rev Immunol 4:1–13
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
30. Netea MG, Van der Graaf C, Van der Meer JWM, Kullberg BJ (2004) The role of Toll-like receptors in host defense: bringing specificity to the innate immune response. J Leuk Biol 75:749–755
    Article CAS Google Scholar

Download references