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Papers by Teresa de Lemos

Since 1992, when the United Kingdom (UK) government introduced the Private Finance Initiative (PF... more Since 1992, when the United Kingdom (UK) government introduced the Private Finance Initiative (PFI), the market for PFI projects across Europe has steadily increased. Large construction companies with great financial capacity have become the major private players. Some concerns have been raised that Small and Medium Enterprises (SME's) are being left out of the PFI market. In view of the importance of SME's in the national economies and in the construction sector a study was conducted on the how SME's perform within PFI.

Risk is related to the unknown outcome of future events and to the prospect that these outcomes m... more Risk is related to the unknown outcome of future events and to the prospect that these outcomes might be undesired. To control risk -to minimise potentially adverse consequences -risk-based considerations must be integrated into an analytical Risk Management framework, which entails an iterative and multidisciplinary process, involving all stakeholders. This paper presents the Whole Life Cycle Risk Management model and argues its adequacy for environmental risk studies. The objectives of our model are two-fold: first, to provide a framework for risk analysis and management, and second, to assure that acquired knowledge and expertise are always incorporated in the decision process. It values the intellectual assets, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing. The model provides a proactive approach to risk management, rather than a reactive/crisis management, thus improving the effectiveness of risk related decision-making.

Crc Construction Innovation Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, 2000

The High Level Group (HLG) mandate included the definition of a permanent system for setting long... more The High Level Group (HLG) mandate included the definition of a permanent system for setting long-term visions for Key Technologies by 2009/2010 when FP8 would be under discussion. The first task was to assess the potential and the emerging scientific and technological research topics in the fifteen selected areas. The second task was to provide a holistic and forward-looking view to develop guidance for new research agendas based on the conjoint analysis of all reports, exploiting the potential synergies across these technologies and including the insights drawn from the overall analysis of all the Key Technologies.

The Journal of Structured Finance, 2001

The Journal of Structured Finance, 2003

O objectivo deste trabalho foi contribuir para a caracterização das TIC no ensino superior e no s... more O objectivo deste trabalho foi contribuir para a caracterização das TIC no ensino superior e no sistema científico-tecnológico nacional, através da recolha e análise dos dados que se considerou mais relevantes para o sector.

International Journal of Project Management, 2004

The case study of Lusoponte illustrates the concession awarded by the Portuguese Government to fi... more The case study of Lusoponte illustrates the concession awarded by the Portuguese Government to finance, design, build and operate two bridges over the Tagus in Lisbon, Portugal. It includes an overview of the project's background and an analysis of the main risk categories stating both the actual risks encountered and the mitigation measures adopted. Throughout the project a great attention was given to whole life cycle costs, and gains in efficiency and cost control. Among the lessons that can be learned from both the public and private sector is that a complete risk management analysis must include not only the technical factors but also a realistic assessment of environmental and social risks. These were the risks that were somewhat overseen and that caused the main problems to the project's development. #

Construction Innovation: Information, Process, Management, 2003

The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is a long-term concession of services used by the UK governm... more The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is a long-term concession of services used by the UK government to capture private capital to fund public projects.

Construction Innovation: Information, Process, Management, 2007

Purpose -The objective of this research is to identify the cross-cultural similarities and differ... more Purpose -The objective of this research is to identify the cross-cultural similarities and differences of the implementation of the UK PFI procurement process in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach -The research methodology adopted was the SLEEPT approach. The identified features are examined from source material of various projects within the stated nations. A Delphic approach of confirmation by national collaborators from each country is utilised. Confirming and disaffirming features are examined utilising exogenous cultural drivers. Findings -The conclusion of this research identifies cross-cultural features of six different cultures presented as a "cultural compass" which will inform the development of future private finance initiative (PFI)/public private partnership (PPP) projects. The impact of this research will have implications for the appreciation of cultural similarities and differences of national "construction cultures" for effective project delivery of future PFI/PPP projects. Originality/value -This paper offers an approach that can be generalised for adoption by nations considering the introduction of PFI as a procurement process.

Thesis Chapters by Teresa de Lemos

The assessment of the PFI’ CSFs used Cognitive Mapping as the analytical tool to analyse the qual... more The assessment of the PFI’ CSFs used Cognitive Mapping as the analytical tool to analyse the qualitative data obtained in interviews to PFI’s stakeholders. It is considered a ‘neutral’ tool, in that the ideas and structure developed express the representation of the PFI project. The methodological approach to identify the CSFs avoids subjective interpretations and combines the perceptions of actual PFI’ stakeholders and is based on the PFI’ operational issues. It is Inductive rather than Deductive where conclusions are drawn from general principles assumed to be true

The PFI project was signed and Indáqua Feira was awarded the concession for water distribution an... more The PFI project was signed and Indáqua Feira was awarded the concession for water distribution and wastewater in Stª Maria da Feira. The Municipality commited itself to build part of the necessary infrastructure, for which it needed the contribution of the Cohesion Funds. However, in the meantime the political guidelines changed and the Municipalities were not allowed direct access to the funds. This has left the Stª Maria da Feira unable to fulfil its contractual obligations, and has led to a standstill in the construction of the sewerage networks.

The PFI Contract, dated 5 June 1998 awards to Defence Management the design, construction, financ... more The PFI Contract, dated 5 June 1998 awards to Defence Management the design, construction, financing and the operation and maintenance of the JSCSC for 30 years. This College merges the educational activities of three services: Army, Navy and Royal Air Force. It provides command and staff training at junior, advanced and higher levels for all 3 services. The concession covers the academic teaching – military teaching is MOD’s responsibility - management of classrooms, teaching theatres and offices, facilities for singles accommodation and 290 homes

Country – Kingston-Upon-Hull, East Yorkshire, United Kingdom (UK). Project Cost - Total cost was ... more Country – Kingston-Upon-Hull, East Yorkshire, United Kingdom (UK). Project Cost - Total cost was £1 million. Sector – Education. Status - Operating since January 1999. Sponsors – The Victoria Dock School PFI Limited owned by Sewell Construction. Purchaser – Kingston-Upon-Hull City Council Education Authority. Financing Package – The City Council contributed with £200,000 covered by the Central Government. The Private partner applied £250,000 of their own funds and recurred to a traditional corporate finance bank loan over 10 years for financial leverage for the remainder of the financing. Special Features - It was the first school in the UK to be built under a PFI scheme. The PFI project was negotiated in 1998 between the Hull City Council and Sewell Group to become the first school PFI which was opened by Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott in January 1999 . It was such a successful project that an extension of facilities soon had to be contemplated. The new building was completed in January 2001, and opened by Lord Puttnam in September 2001. The land where the school was built has been leased to the Sewell group for 40 years, although the PFI contract is for only 25 years. After this period and for 15 years the buildings and land can have alternative usages such as: continue as a school, disco, nursery, homecare, according to the local residents’ needs in 25 years

An increasingly global marketplace, combined with a deep internal economic crisis, forced Portug... more An increasingly global marketplace, combined with a deep internal economic crisis, forced Portuguese technologic firms to turn into foreign countries to maintain its competitiveness. For a small enterprise, an international expansion needs to be carefully planned, being the objective of this research to develop an internationalization strategy for ABC, a Portuguese molecular diagnostics firm, and a generalization for an approach which could stand as a framework to small Portuguese molecular diagnostics companies' internationalization process. The existing literature on distinct pattern models for firms internationalization is revisited, from economic approaches to the most recent " born-global " and " born-global again " firms. Moreover, the factors which influence the internationalization process and the different market entry modes used by firms are reviewed. A case study approach was used as research methodology, providing the structure to develop an extensive analysis of the molecular diagnostics industry, its market and an internal analysis of ABC, to evaluate its current strategy and competitive position in the marketplace. According to the developed research, ABC should pursue a competitive advantage through differentiation, aiming the narrow niche market of molecular diagnostics. Its international competing approach should be global, however differentiating the strategic objective in three different segments: Eastern-Europe countries, where partnerships should be pursued for testing outsourcing (to ABC), fast growing economies like China and Brazil, where alliances should aim for crossed-shareholding and licensing, and the rest of the world, where ABC should improve its international network and develop an image of high quality laboratory for rare diseases diagnostics.

Risk management in medical waste needs extra care since many health professionals are in contact ... more Risk management in medical waste needs extra care since many health professionals are in contact with this type of waste. Medical waste can induce infections in result of handling accidents, or when they are treated with neglect. It is the responsibility of the producing entities to establish a waste management plan and prevention, and to train and equip their staff against the risks that this waste represents. The purposes of this research are to identify risks and gaps in the processes of medical waste management, created in human and animal healthcare in the island of Pico-Azores, and investigate current practices regarding training in this area, proposing improvements in the process. This research is based on a case study in the island of Pico, covering entities such as health centers, medical clinics, pharmacies, veterinary clinics, nursing homes and physical therapy clinics. The data collection is done through interviews and surveys to healthcare professionals in order to investigate the risk throughout the life cycle of medical waste. This research concludes that, although there are already some procedures implemented, there are still many risks that can be minimized. It was also concluded that these risks are mainly associated with the lack of training and awareness of health professionals. Identified the risks, its proposed viable solutions for the gaps found.

Crc Construction Innovation Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, 2000

The Journal of Structured Finance, 2001

The Journal of Structured Finance, 2003

International Journal of Project Management, 2004

Construction Innovation: Information, Process, Management, 2003

Construction Innovation: Information, Process, Management, 2007

An adequate Risk management system for manufacturing medical devices - orthopaedic and dentistry ... more An adequate Risk management system for manufacturing medical devices - orthopaedic and dentistry implants - is critical due to sensitive nature of these devices. The main goal of this research is to apply a risk management system based on International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14971 to Medbone® Medical Devices, an orthopaedic medical devices manufacturer. The Whole Life Cycle Risk Management model is the framework for risk analysis and management that was used to guarantee that acquired knowledge and expertise are always present in the process. The risks were classified with a top-down approach as global risks and elemental risks. The elemental risks arising from the production and usage of the product, according to ISO 14971 were identified. A Risk Matrix shows the characteristics of the risks their allocation Probability of Occurrence, Impact and Risk Severity of Harm. The analysis showed that risks with a High level of Severity of Harm were the following: from the responsibility of the Government: Inflation, Will of Government and Licences and authorisation from Regulatory Agencies; from the responsibility of the Manufacturer: Price variations, payment and from the doctor not Single Usage of the product and from the patient subdue the product to mechanical loads. Afterwards, risk control measures were considered and applied to the company, As a result of the appropriate control measures some risks can be mitigated or even extinguished, including risks related to the handling/usage of the product by the patient, helping the product to achieve its main goal: to heal the patient and give them a better quality of life. In conclusion, medical companies usually have a generic risk plan, but that sometimes overlooks important risks over the entire industry value chain. In addition, feedback from doctors is critical regarding the conception and production of new products.

Since its establishment in 1998 to nowadays, ANDC implemented and developed inclusive microcredit... more Since its establishment in 1998 to nowadays, ANDC implemented and developed inclusive microcredit in Portugal – more than 2.200 new micro-businesses and more than 15 million euros in loans granted.
This book analyses ANDC’s activity and draws a profile of the micro-entrepreneurs, their businesses and loans, and the results obtained.

A melhoria das condições de vida na Europa e também em Portugal, nos últimos 30 anos, traduziu-se... more A melhoria das condições de vida na Europa e também em Portugal, nos últimos 30 anos, traduziu-se no aumento da esperança média de vida da população, e consequentemente no aumento do número de Condutores Seniores (condutores a partir dos 65 anos). Com o envelhecimento há uma diminuição das capacidades físicas, motoras e cognitivas que se traduz na redução da velocidade de processamento das actividades cognitivas como a atenção e a memória, na redução da força muscular, dos reflexos, da agilidade, da coordenação motora, da flexibilidade e numa maior fragilidade física, diminuindo a capacidade de resistência a situações de impacto. A maior fragilidade dos Condutores Seniores ressalta da informação divulgada pelo European Road Safety Observatory (ERSO), constatando-se nesta faixa etária dos condutores uma elevada taxa de mortalidade resultante da sinistralidade rodoviária. Em Portugal a situação é semelhante, sendo a taxa de mortalidade dos Condutores Seniores envolvidos em acidentes elevada. As problemáticas relacionadas com a Condução Sénior na faixa etária a partir dos 65 anos têm sido abordadas e estudadas em vários países. Em Portugal, a informação sobre a Condução Sénior era praticamente inexistente. O presente estudo permitiu efectuar uma primeira caracterização do Condutor Sénior em Portugal, definir a matriz de risco da Condução Sénior e um modelo de avaliação e gestão de indicadores de risco adaptado aos Condutores Seniores que inclui a evolução desses indicadores com a idade. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo recorreu-se a entrevistas a um painel de peritos e a um questionário dirigido aos Condutores Seniores. As principais características do Condutor Sénior em Portugal são: – Dois terços são homens, com idade média de 69 anos e a maioria são reformados (89%). Cerca de metade (45%) tem como habilitações literárias a antiga 4ªclasse, e reside em ambiente urbano – 56% na cidade e 37% em vilas; – A maioria conduz todos os dias (65%) percorrendo, por semana, entre 50 e 150km (49%) ou de 1 a 50km (27%). A distância percorrida e a frequência com que conduzem diminuem com a idade, sendo significativa essa diminuição a partir dos 76 anos; AZS — Associação Zona Segura — “Projecto Condutor Sénior” 9 – Só 13,1% dos Condutores Seniores tem viaturas com menos de 4 anos. Para escolher um carro novo, os factores de decisão mais importantes são o consumo (81%) e o conforto (58%). A importância do factor número de portas aumenta com a idade e é relevante a partir dos 76 anos (58%); – Poucos têm acidentes, mas as ocorrências aumentam com a idade e causam principalmente danos materiais; – São seguidos maioritariamente pelo médico de família, tornando-o fundamental no seguimento clínico e no despiste de situações patológicas que possam vir a implicar inibição de conduzir. As opiniões dos Condutores Seniores sobre a prática da condução são as seguintes: – Consideram que deixar de conduzir tem consequências marcantes quer para o dia-adia (55%) quer para passearem (41%). A iniciativa de deixar de conduzir por vontade própria é a opção para todas as faixas etárias (57%), seguida de indicação médica (55%) e do contexto legal (38%). A opinião da família é desvalorizada – só 5% a aceita; – Consideram que conduzem bem, que são cuidadosos e que a experiência compensa a diminuição de capacidades com o avançar da idade. Conduzem com atenção e respeitando as regras. Consideram-se mais tolerantes do que os jovens e adultos. A admissão do erro quando conduzem vai diminuindo com a idade; – Reconhecem algumas limitações – agilidade, reflexos, visão, audição, cansaço e sono - mas apenas depois dos 70 anos; – Reconhecem que têm mais dificuldade em conduzir em situações complexas – cruzamentos, muito trânsito e estacionamento; – Consideram que devia haver formação teórica de código da estrada e formação prática em condução com regularidade; – Consideram que as campanhas de prevenção, a melhoria da sinalização e as condições das estradas são as medidas fundamentais para reduzir a sinistralidade dos Condutores Seniores. AZS — Associação Zona Segura — “Projecto Condutor Sénior” 10 Na matriz de risco da Condução Sénior os riscos dividem-se em duas categorias: Globais – incluem todos os riscos que afectam todos os Condutores Seniores tais como os riscos políticos e regulatórios, económicos e financeiros, legislação, sociais e infra-estrutura rodoviária; e Individuais — incluem todos os riscos inerentes ao Condutor Sénior como um indivíduo, tais como os humanos, envelhecimento e estado de saúde do Condutor Sénior. A matriz inclui a caracterização destes riscos no Condutor Sénior, o seu impacto – alto, médio ou baixo, e qual a alocação da responsabilidade da gestão do risco – a autoridade, a sociedade, os médicos e/ou os Condutores Seniores. Na definição do modelo de gestão de risco o passo seguinte foi a definição dos indicadores de risco. Tendo como base a matriz de risco conduziu-se um questionário a mais de 900 Condutores Seniores que permitiu definir os indicadores dos riscos individuais do Condutor Sénior – humanos, envelhecimento e estado de saúde. Considerou-se que estes indicadores são os factores que apresentam mais incerteza ao longo da vida do Condutor Sénior e são representados pelas questões cujas respostas apresentam maior variabilidade com a idade. A descrição detalhada dos indicadores de risco encontra-se no Capítulo 7.3 — Riscos da Condução Sénior, sua evolução ao longo da vida do Condutor Sénior e identificação dos indicadores de risco.Quanto maior for a incerteza dos riscos,
maior será a necessidade de se implementarem medidas de gestão do risco para que
estes sejam ou eliminados, e/ou evitados, e/ou reduzidos, e/ou transferidos e/ou
absorvidos (retenção).