Michelle L Osborn | Louisiana State University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Michelle L Osborn

The FASEB Journal, 2018

Navicular disease is a common form of chronic lameness in horses that currently can only be manag... more Navicular disease is a common form of chronic lameness in horses that currently can only be managed but not effectively treated. The navicular apparatus is a functional enthesis organ very similar ...

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

Journal of Biomedical Optics

Significance: X-ray imaging serves as the mainstream imaging in dentistry, but it involves risk o... more Significance: X-ray imaging serves as the mainstream imaging in dentistry, but it involves risk of ionizing radiation. Aim: This study presents the feasibility of indocyanine green-assisted near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) dental imaging with 785-nm NIR laser in the first (ICG-NIRF-I: 700 to 1000 nm) and second (ICG-NIRF-II: 1000 to 1700 nm) NIR wavelengths. Approach: Sprague Dawley rats with different postnatal days were used as animal models. ICG, as a fluorescence agent, was delivered to dental structures by subcutaneous injection (SC) and oral administration (OA). Results: For SC method, erupted and unerupted molars could be observed from ICG-NIRF images at a short imaging time (<1 min). ICG-NIRF-II could achieve a better image contrast in unerupted molars at 24 h after ICG injection. The OA could serve as a non-invasive method for ICG delivery; it could also cause the glow-in-dark effect in unerupted molars. For erupted molars, OA can be considered as mouthwash and exhibits outstanding performance for delivery of ICG dye; erupted molar structures could be observed at a short imaging time (<1 min) and low ICG dose (0.05 mg∕kg). Conclusions: Overall, ICG-NIRF with mouthwash could perform in-vivo dental imaging in two NIR wavelengths at a short time and low ICG dose.

Toxicological Sciences, 2021

Excessive ethanol consumption is a risk factor for osteopenia. Since a previous study showed that... more Excessive ethanol consumption is a risk factor for osteopenia. Since a previous study showed that transgenic female mice with overexpression of catalase are partially protected from ethanol-mediated trabecular bone loss, we investigated the role of endogenous catalase in skeletal ethanol toxicity comparing catalase knockout to wild-type mice. We hypothesized that catalase depletion would exacerbate ethanol effects. The mice were tested in a newly designed binge ethanol model, in which 12-week-old mice were exposed to four consecutive days of gavage with ethanol at 3, 3, 4, and 4.5 g ethanol/kg body weight. Binge ethanol decreased the concentration of serum osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation. The catalase genotype did not affect the osteocalcin levels. RNA sequencing of femoral shaft RNA from males was conducted. Ethanol exposure led to significant downregulation of genes expressed in cells of the osteoblastic lineage with a role in osteoblastic function and collagen synthesis, ...

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2020

Cracked teeth are the third most common cause of tooth loss, but there is no reliable imaging too... more Cracked teeth are the third most common cause of tooth loss, but there is no reliable imaging tool for the diagnosis of cracks. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of indocyanine green near‐infrared fluorescence (ICG‐NIRF) dental imaging for the detection of enamel cracks and enamel–dentin cracks in vitro in the first (ICG‐NIRF‐I, 700–950 nm) and second (ICG‐NIRF‐II, 950–1700 nm) imaging windows with transmission excitation light, and compared ICG‐NIRF with conventional NIR illumination‐II (NIRi‐II) and X‐ray imaging. Dentin cracks were detected by CT scan, while most enamel cracks, undetectable under X‐ray imaging, were clearly visible in NIR images. We found that ICG‐NIRF‐II detected cracks more effectively than NIRi‐II, and that light orientation is an important factor for crack detection: an angled exposure obtained better image contrast of cracks than parallel exposure, as it created a shadow under the crack. Crack depth could be evaluated from the crack shadow in ICG‐NIRF and NIRi‐II images; from this shadow we could determine crack depth and discriminate enamel–dentin cracks from craze lines. Cracks could be observed clearly from ICG‐NIRF images with 1‐min ICG tooth immersion, although longer ICG immersion produced images with greater contrast. Overall, our data show that ICG‐NIRF dental imaging is a useful tool for diagnosing cracked teeth at an early stage.

The biological processes in macroevolutionary transformations, which result in the origin of new ... more The biological processes in macroevolutionary transformations, which result in the origin of new species and supraspecific taxa, are not directly observable in organisms with long reproductive generations and need to be extrapolated and reconstructed from physiological, anatomical, and microevolutionary processes. This dissertation reconstructs the anatomical and biomechanical changes that affected the head-neck-shoulder apparatus during the macroevolutionary transformation of a quadrupedal mammal to a bipedal one by studying two model organisms, namely the human and the cat. I hypothesize that the anatomical differences in the head-neck-shoulder apparatus of the two organisms are caused by different force regimes that act on them. I first show that the head-neck-shoulder apparatus of humans suspends the shoulders from the skull. I then demonstrate that the head-neck-shoulder apparatus of cats suspends the head from the thorax. A comparison of the two head-neck-shoulder apparatus sh...

The FASEB Journal, 2019

Degenerative joint disease (DJD), the most common disease affecting humans and animals, has long ... more Degenerative joint disease (DJD), the most common disease affecting humans and animals, has long been believed to result from failure of the joints from ‘wear and tear’ in which damage exceeds repa...

Veterinary Surgery, 2021

Navicular syndrome has been traditionally characterized by progressive lameness with chronic dege... more Navicular syndrome has been traditionally characterized by progressive lameness with chronic degeneration of the navicular bone. Advances in imaging techniques have revealed that its associated soft tissue structures are also affected. This distribution of lesions is explained by conceptualizing the equine navicular apparatus as an enthesis organ that facilitates the dissemination of mechanical stress throughout the tissues of the foot. The navicular apparatus has the same structural adaptations to mechanical stress as the human Achilles tendon complex. These adaptations efficiently dissipate mechanical force away from the tendon's bony attachment site, thereby protecting it from failure. The comparison of these two anatomically distinct structural systems demonstrates their similar adaptations to mechanical forces, and illustrates that important functional insights can be gained from studying anatomic convergences and cross-species comparisons of function. Such a functional conceptualization of the equine navicular apparatus resolves confusion about the diagnosis of navicular syndrome and offers insights for the development of mechanically based therapies. Through comparison with the human Achilles complex, this review (1) re-conceptualizes the equine navicular apparatus as an enthesis organ in which mechanical forces are distributed throughout the structures of the organ; (2) describes the relationship between failure of the navicular enthesis organ and lesions of navicular syndrome; (3) considers the therapeutic implications of navicular enthesis organ degeneration as a form of chronic osteoarthritis; and based upon these implications (4) proposes a focus on whole body posture/motion for the development of prehabilitative and rehabilitative therapies similar to those that have already proven effective in humans.

International Journal

Abstract: Ridges on the internal side of the upper bill tip (ie,“filing ridges”) of parrots and s... more Abstract: Ridges on the internal side of the upper bill tip (ie,“filing ridges”) of parrots and some cockatoosform patterns that are characteristic of genera and, therefore, can be used for the classification ofparrots and cockatoos. These patterns are also individually variable ...

Anatomical record, 2022

We imaged the lungs of five Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) via computed tomo... more We imaged the lungs of five Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) via computed tomography (CT) and micro-computed tomography (μCT) and compared these data to the lungs of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). These data demonstrate anatomical commonalities between the lungs of P. palpebrosus and A. mississippiensis, and a few notable differences. The structural similarities are (a) a proximally narrow, distally widened, hook-shaped primary bronchus; (b) a cervical ventral bronchus that branches of the primary bronchus and immediately makes a hairpin turn toward the apex of the lung; (c) a sequential series of dorsobronchi arising from the primary bronchus caudal to the cervical ventral bronchus; (d) intraspecifically highly variable medial sequence of secondary airways; (e) sac-like laterobronchi; and (f) grossly dead-ended caudal group bronchi in the caudal and ventral aspects of the lung. The primary differences between the two taxa are in the overall ...

The FASEB Journal, 2012

Although there exists a general tetrapod Bauplan, major transformations seem to have occurred dur... more Although there exists a general tetrapod Bauplan, major transformations seem to have occurred during evolutionary history. Using biomechanical analyses, we tested our hypothesis that the drastic di...

The FASEB Journal, 2011

The unique human mastoid processes and clavicles are a consequence of the shoulder girdle being s... more The unique human mastoid processes and clavicles are a consequence of the shoulder girdle being suspended from the skull. When one arm is used, the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles c...

The FASEB Journal, 2013

Clinical issues arising from bad posture and misalignment of the neck can significantly affect th... more Clinical issues arising from bad posture and misalignment of the neck can significantly affect the quality of life of individuals. An understanding of the physical configuration and biomechanics of...