Ola Andersson | Lund University (original) (raw)
Papers by Ola Andersson
BMC research notes, Jan 31, 2018
Delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) (≥ 60 s) is recognized to improve iron status and neurodeve... more Delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) (≥ 60 s) is recognized to improve iron status and neurodevelopment compared to early umbilical cord clamping. The aim of this study is to identify current umbilical cord clamping practice and factors determining the timing of clamping in a low-resource setting where prevalence of anemia in infants is high. A cross-sectional study design including 128 observations of clinical practice in a tertiary-level maternity hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Overall 48% of infants received DCC. The mean and median cord clamping times were 61 ± 33 and 57 (38-79) s, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that infants born during the night shift were five times more likely to receive DCC (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.4-38.0). Additionally, infants born after an obstetric complication were 2.5 times more likely to receive DCC (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.3), and babies requiring ventilation had a 65% lower likelihood of receiving DCC (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.88). Despite the existen...
Pediatric Research, 2018
Iron deficiency anemia in childhood is a serious public health problem worldwide. Reticulocyte he... more Iron deficiency anemia in childhood is a serious public health problem worldwide. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-He) is a novel biomarker of iron deficiency adopted for adults but there is a lack of reference intervals for Ret-He in infants. The aim of this study was to provide data from healthy infants. METHODS: Swedish infants (n = 456), born at term after normal pregnancies were included. Ret-He was measured at birth (umbilical cord sample), 48-72 h, 4 months, and 12 months. Reference intervals were calculated as ±2 standard deviations from the mean of Ret-He. RESULTS: Reference intervals for newborn Ret-He were 27.4 to 36.0 pg/L (N = 376) in the cord sample, 28.1-37.7 pg/L (N = 253) at 48-72 h, 25.6-33.4 pg/L (N = 341) at four months and 24.9-34.1 pg/L (N = 288) at 12 months. Ret-He was significantly lower among iron-deficient infants, at 4 months mean difference (95% CI) −4.2 pg/L (−6.1 to −2.4) and at 12 months mean difference (95% CI) −3.4 pg/L (−5.0 to −1.8). CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study presents Ret-He reference intervals based on non-anemic and non-iron-deficient infants and constitutes a step towards standardizing Ret-He as a pre-anemia biomarker of iron deficiency in children.
BMJ, 2011
Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clam... more Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting Swedish county hospital. Participants 400 full term infants born after a low risk pregnancy. Intervention Infants were randomised to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤10 seconds after delivery). Main outcome measures Haemoglobin and iron status at 4 months of age with the power estimate based on serum ferritin levels. Secondary outcomes included neonatal anaemia, early respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, and need for phototherapy. Results At 4 months of age, infants showed no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the groups, but infants subjected to delayed cord clamping had 45% (95% confidence interval 23% to 71%) higher mean ferritin concentration (117 μg/L v 81 μg/L, P<0.001) and a lower prevalence of iron deficiency (1 (0.6%) v 10 (5.7%), P=0.01, relative risk reduction 0.90; number needed to treat=20 (17 to 67)). As for secondary outcomes, the delayed cord clamping group had lower prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age (2 (1.2%) v 10 (6.3%), P=0.02, relative risk reduction 0.80, number needed to treat 20 (15 to 111)). There were no significant differences between groups in postnatal respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy. Conclusions Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, delayed cord clamping seems to benefit full term infants even in regions with a relatively low prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia.
Children (Basel), Apr 6, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology, 2019
ANOVA analysis including post-hoc multiple comparisons comparing the infants divided into three g... more ANOVA analysis including post-hoc multiple comparisons comparing the infants divided into three groups, intact cord resuscitation per protocol (CC ≥ 180 s), intact cord resuscitation protocol violaton (CC
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2020
Background With prelabour caesarean section rates growing globally, there is direct and indirect ... more Background With prelabour caesarean section rates growing globally, there is direct and indirect evidence of negative cognitive outcomes in childhood. The objective of this study was to assess the short-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after prelabour caesarean section as compared to vaginally born infants. Methods We conducted a prospective, observational study of infants delivered by prelabour caesarean section at the Hospital of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden and compared their development with an historical group of infants born by non-instrumental vaginal delivery. Results Infants born by prelabour caesarean section were compared with a group of vaginally born infants. Follow-up assessments were performed at 4 and 12 months. Prelabour caesarean infants (n = 66) had significantly lower Ages and Stages Questionnaire, second edition (ASQ-II) scores in all domains (communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social) at 4 months of age with an adjusted mean diffe...
Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology, 2019
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2016
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation
Infants are at risk for iron deficiency. Despite research advances, assessing iron stores during ... more Infants are at risk for iron deficiency. Despite research advances, assessing iron stores during infancy remains a challenge to the clinician. Ferritin is the first-choice laboratory marker for measuring iron stores but it is today still unclear how to evaluate reference intervals among infants. We have studied Swedish infants (n ¼ 456), born at term after normal pregnancies. Ferritin was measured at birth (umbilical cord sample), 48-72 h, 4 months and 12 months. Lower and upper reference interval limits were constructed as the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. By a large study population, we were able to use more stringent measures to avoid interference from the acute phase response than previous reports on ferritin reference intervals. When we used mathematical transformation we furthermore avoided potential information loss in precision and confirmed earlier reports of sex differences. At the lower reference interval limits there were small differences between sexes. For the higher limits, the differences were more pronounced in the older infant. At 0-3 d of age we observed a difference between the sexes of only 5% at the upper limits. The differences peaked at 12 months, where the boys' upper 97.5th percentile was 56% compared to girls.
Introduction: Timing of cord clamping and other cord management strategies may improve outcomes a... more Introduction: Timing of cord clamping and other cord management strategies may improve outcomes at preterm birth. However, it is unclear whether benefits apply to all preterm subgroups such as those who usually receive immediate neonatal care. Previous and current trials compare various policies, including immediate cord clamping, time- or physiology-based deferred cord clamping, and cord milking. Individual participant data (IPD) enables exploration of different strategies within subgroups. Network meta-analysis (NMA) enables comparison and ranking of all available interventions using a combination of direct and indirect comparisons. Objectives: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of cord management strategies for preterm infants on neonatal mortality and morbidity overall and for different participant characteristics using IPD meta-analysis; and 2) to evaluate and rank the effect of different cord management strategies for preterm births on mortality and other key outcomes using NMA....
Neonatology, Jan 2, 2018
Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is associated with an improved iron status at 8 months, a reduction o... more Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is associated with an improved iron status at 8 months, a reduction of anemia at 12 months, and an improved development at 4 years. Assessment of the development after DCC has not been performed earlier in a setting with a high prevalence of iron deficiency. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of DCC compared to early cord clamping (ECC) on the development evaluated with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) at 12 months of age. We conducted a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of DCC (≥180 s) versus ECC (≤60 s) in 540 full-term deliveries. Twelve months after delivery, the parents reported their infant's development by ASQ. Infants having a score < 1 standard deviation (SD) under the mean score were considered "at risk" of affected neurodevelopment. At 12 months of age, 332 (61.5%) infants were assessed. Fewer children in the DCC group were "at risk" of having affected neurodevelopment measu...
BMJ open, Dec 29, 2017
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umb... more Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping. Prospective observational study with two historical controls. A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden. Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected...
JAMA Pediatrics
Delayed umbilical cord clamping has been shown to improve iron stores in infants to 6 months of a... more Delayed umbilical cord clamping has been shown to improve iron stores in infants to 6 months of age. However, delayed cord clamping has not been shown to prevent iron deficiency or anemia after 6 months of age. To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on hemoglobin and ferritin levels at 8 and 12 months of age in infants at high risk for iron deficiency anemia. This randomized clinical trial included 540 late preterm and term infants born vaginally at a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, from October 2 to November 21, 2014. Follow-up included blood levels of hemoglobin and ferritin at 8 and 12 months of age. Follow-up was completed on December 11, 2015. Analysis was based on intention to treat. Infants were randomized to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤60 seconds after delivery). Main outcomes included hemoglobin and anemia levels at 8 months of age with the power estimate based on the prevalence of anemia. Secondary outcomes included hemoglobin and anemia levels at 12 months of age and ferritin level, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia at 8 and 12 months of age. In this study of 540 infants (281 boys [52.0%] and 259 girls [48.0%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 39.2 [1.1] weeks), 270 each were randomized to the delayed and early clamping groups. At 8 months of age, 212 infants (78.5%) from the delayed group and 188 (69.6%) from the early clamping group returned for blood sampling. After multiple imputation analysis, infants undergoing delayed clamping had higher levels of hemoglobin (10.4 vs 10.2 g/dL; difference, 0.2 g/dL; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.4 g/dL). Delayed cord clamping also reduced the prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin level &amp;amp;amp;lt;11.0 g/dL) at 8 months in 197 (73.0%) vs 222 (82.2%) infants (relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.98; number needed to treat [NNT], 11; 95% CI, 6-54). At 8 months, the risk for iron deficiency was reduced in the delayed clamping group in 60 (22.2%) vs 103 (38.1%) patients (relative risk, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.77; NNT, 6; 95% CI, 4-13). At 12 months, delayed cord clamping still resulted in a hemoglobin level of 0.3 (95% CI, 0.04-0.5) g/dL higher than in the early cord clamping group and a relative risk for anemia of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98), resulting in a NNT of 12 (95% CI, 7-78). Delayed cord clamping reduces anemia at 8 and 12 months of age in a high-risk population, which may have major positive effects on infants&amp;amp;amp;#39; health and development. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02222805.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2013
To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) ... more To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) on maternal postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and umbilical cord blood gas sampling. Secondary analysis of a parallel-group, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Swedish county hospital. 382 term deliveries after a low-risk pregnancy. Deliveries were randomized to DCC (≥180 seconds, n = 193) or ECC (≤10 seconds, n = 189). Maternal blood loss was estimated by the midwife. Samples for blood gas analysis were taken from one umbilical artery and the umbilical vein, from the pulsating unclamped cord in the DCC group and from the double-clamped cord in the ECC group. Samples were classified as valid when the arterial-venous difference was -0.02 or less for pH and 0.5 kPa or more for pCO2 . Main outcome measures. PPH and proportion of valid blood gas samples. The differences between the DCC and ECC groups with regard to PPH (1.2%, p = 0.8) and severe PPH (-2.7%, p = 0.3) were small and non-significant. The proportion of valid blood gas samples was similar between the DCC (67%, n = 130) and ECC (74%, n = 139) groups, with 6% (95% confidence interval: -4%-16%, p = 0.2) fewer valid samples after DCC. Delayed cord clamping, compared with early, did not have a significant effect on maternal postpartum hemorrhage or on the proportion of valid blood gas samples. We conclude that delayed cord clamping is a feasible method from an obstetric perspective.
BMC research notes, Jan 31, 2018
Delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) (≥ 60 s) is recognized to improve iron status and neurodeve... more Delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) (≥ 60 s) is recognized to improve iron status and neurodevelopment compared to early umbilical cord clamping. The aim of this study is to identify current umbilical cord clamping practice and factors determining the timing of clamping in a low-resource setting where prevalence of anemia in infants is high. A cross-sectional study design including 128 observations of clinical practice in a tertiary-level maternity hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Overall 48% of infants received DCC. The mean and median cord clamping times were 61 ± 33 and 57 (38-79) s, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that infants born during the night shift were five times more likely to receive DCC (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.4-38.0). Additionally, infants born after an obstetric complication were 2.5 times more likely to receive DCC (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.3), and babies requiring ventilation had a 65% lower likelihood of receiving DCC (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.88). Despite the existen...
Pediatric Research, 2018
Iron deficiency anemia in childhood is a serious public health problem worldwide. Reticulocyte he... more Iron deficiency anemia in childhood is a serious public health problem worldwide. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-He) is a novel biomarker of iron deficiency adopted for adults but there is a lack of reference intervals for Ret-He in infants. The aim of this study was to provide data from healthy infants. METHODS: Swedish infants (n = 456), born at term after normal pregnancies were included. Ret-He was measured at birth (umbilical cord sample), 48-72 h, 4 months, and 12 months. Reference intervals were calculated as ±2 standard deviations from the mean of Ret-He. RESULTS: Reference intervals for newborn Ret-He were 27.4 to 36.0 pg/L (N = 376) in the cord sample, 28.1-37.7 pg/L (N = 253) at 48-72 h, 25.6-33.4 pg/L (N = 341) at four months and 24.9-34.1 pg/L (N = 288) at 12 months. Ret-He was significantly lower among iron-deficient infants, at 4 months mean difference (95% CI) −4.2 pg/L (−6.1 to −2.4) and at 12 months mean difference (95% CI) −3.4 pg/L (−5.0 to −1.8). CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study presents Ret-He reference intervals based on non-anemic and non-iron-deficient infants and constitutes a step towards standardizing Ret-He as a pre-anemia biomarker of iron deficiency in children.
BMJ, 2011
Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clam... more Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting Swedish county hospital. Participants 400 full term infants born after a low risk pregnancy. Intervention Infants were randomised to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤10 seconds after delivery). Main outcome measures Haemoglobin and iron status at 4 months of age with the power estimate based on serum ferritin levels. Secondary outcomes included neonatal anaemia, early respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, and need for phototherapy. Results At 4 months of age, infants showed no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the groups, but infants subjected to delayed cord clamping had 45% (95% confidence interval 23% to 71%) higher mean ferritin concentration (117 μg/L v 81 μg/L, P<0.001) and a lower prevalence of iron deficiency (1 (0.6%) v 10 (5.7%), P=0.01, relative risk reduction 0.90; number needed to treat=20 (17 to 67)). As for secondary outcomes, the delayed cord clamping group had lower prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age (2 (1.2%) v 10 (6.3%), P=0.02, relative risk reduction 0.80, number needed to treat 20 (15 to 111)). There were no significant differences between groups in postnatal respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy. Conclusions Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, delayed cord clamping seems to benefit full term infants even in regions with a relatively low prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia.
Children (Basel), Apr 6, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology, 2019
ANOVA analysis including post-hoc multiple comparisons comparing the infants divided into three g... more ANOVA analysis including post-hoc multiple comparisons comparing the infants divided into three groups, intact cord resuscitation per protocol (CC ≥ 180 s), intact cord resuscitation protocol violaton (CC
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2020
Background With prelabour caesarean section rates growing globally, there is direct and indirect ... more Background With prelabour caesarean section rates growing globally, there is direct and indirect evidence of negative cognitive outcomes in childhood. The objective of this study was to assess the short-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after prelabour caesarean section as compared to vaginally born infants. Methods We conducted a prospective, observational study of infants delivered by prelabour caesarean section at the Hospital of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden and compared their development with an historical group of infants born by non-instrumental vaginal delivery. Results Infants born by prelabour caesarean section were compared with a group of vaginally born infants. Follow-up assessments were performed at 4 and 12 months. Prelabour caesarean infants (n = 66) had significantly lower Ages and Stages Questionnaire, second edition (ASQ-II) scores in all domains (communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social) at 4 months of age with an adjusted mean diffe...
Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology, 2019
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2016
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation
Infants are at risk for iron deficiency. Despite research advances, assessing iron stores during ... more Infants are at risk for iron deficiency. Despite research advances, assessing iron stores during infancy remains a challenge to the clinician. Ferritin is the first-choice laboratory marker for measuring iron stores but it is today still unclear how to evaluate reference intervals among infants. We have studied Swedish infants (n ¼ 456), born at term after normal pregnancies. Ferritin was measured at birth (umbilical cord sample), 48-72 h, 4 months and 12 months. Lower and upper reference interval limits were constructed as the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. By a large study population, we were able to use more stringent measures to avoid interference from the acute phase response than previous reports on ferritin reference intervals. When we used mathematical transformation we furthermore avoided potential information loss in precision and confirmed earlier reports of sex differences. At the lower reference interval limits there were small differences between sexes. For the higher limits, the differences were more pronounced in the older infant. At 0-3 d of age we observed a difference between the sexes of only 5% at the upper limits. The differences peaked at 12 months, where the boys' upper 97.5th percentile was 56% compared to girls.
Introduction: Timing of cord clamping and other cord management strategies may improve outcomes a... more Introduction: Timing of cord clamping and other cord management strategies may improve outcomes at preterm birth. However, it is unclear whether benefits apply to all preterm subgroups such as those who usually receive immediate neonatal care. Previous and current trials compare various policies, including immediate cord clamping, time- or physiology-based deferred cord clamping, and cord milking. Individual participant data (IPD) enables exploration of different strategies within subgroups. Network meta-analysis (NMA) enables comparison and ranking of all available interventions using a combination of direct and indirect comparisons. Objectives: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of cord management strategies for preterm infants on neonatal mortality and morbidity overall and for different participant characteristics using IPD meta-analysis; and 2) to evaluate and rank the effect of different cord management strategies for preterm births on mortality and other key outcomes using NMA....
Neonatology, Jan 2, 2018
Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is associated with an improved iron status at 8 months, a reduction o... more Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is associated with an improved iron status at 8 months, a reduction of anemia at 12 months, and an improved development at 4 years. Assessment of the development after DCC has not been performed earlier in a setting with a high prevalence of iron deficiency. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of DCC compared to early cord clamping (ECC) on the development evaluated with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) at 12 months of age. We conducted a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of DCC (≥180 s) versus ECC (≤60 s) in 540 full-term deliveries. Twelve months after delivery, the parents reported their infant's development by ASQ. Infants having a score < 1 standard deviation (SD) under the mean score were considered "at risk" of affected neurodevelopment. At 12 months of age, 332 (61.5%) infants were assessed. Fewer children in the DCC group were "at risk" of having affected neurodevelopment measu...
BMJ open, Dec 29, 2017
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umb... more Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping. Prospective observational study with two historical controls. A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden. Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected...
JAMA Pediatrics
Delayed umbilical cord clamping has been shown to improve iron stores in infants to 6 months of a... more Delayed umbilical cord clamping has been shown to improve iron stores in infants to 6 months of age. However, delayed cord clamping has not been shown to prevent iron deficiency or anemia after 6 months of age. To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on hemoglobin and ferritin levels at 8 and 12 months of age in infants at high risk for iron deficiency anemia. This randomized clinical trial included 540 late preterm and term infants born vaginally at a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, from October 2 to November 21, 2014. Follow-up included blood levels of hemoglobin and ferritin at 8 and 12 months of age. Follow-up was completed on December 11, 2015. Analysis was based on intention to treat. Infants were randomized to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤60 seconds after delivery). Main outcomes included hemoglobin and anemia levels at 8 months of age with the power estimate based on the prevalence of anemia. Secondary outcomes included hemoglobin and anemia levels at 12 months of age and ferritin level, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia at 8 and 12 months of age. In this study of 540 infants (281 boys [52.0%] and 259 girls [48.0%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 39.2 [1.1] weeks), 270 each were randomized to the delayed and early clamping groups. At 8 months of age, 212 infants (78.5%) from the delayed group and 188 (69.6%) from the early clamping group returned for blood sampling. After multiple imputation analysis, infants undergoing delayed clamping had higher levels of hemoglobin (10.4 vs 10.2 g/dL; difference, 0.2 g/dL; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.4 g/dL). Delayed cord clamping also reduced the prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin level &amp;amp;amp;lt;11.0 g/dL) at 8 months in 197 (73.0%) vs 222 (82.2%) infants (relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.98; number needed to treat [NNT], 11; 95% CI, 6-54). At 8 months, the risk for iron deficiency was reduced in the delayed clamping group in 60 (22.2%) vs 103 (38.1%) patients (relative risk, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.77; NNT, 6; 95% CI, 4-13). At 12 months, delayed cord clamping still resulted in a hemoglobin level of 0.3 (95% CI, 0.04-0.5) g/dL higher than in the early cord clamping group and a relative risk for anemia of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98), resulting in a NNT of 12 (95% CI, 7-78). Delayed cord clamping reduces anemia at 8 and 12 months of age in a high-risk population, which may have major positive effects on infants&amp;amp;amp;#39; health and development. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02222805.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2013
To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) ... more To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) on maternal postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and umbilical cord blood gas sampling. Secondary analysis of a parallel-group, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Swedish county hospital. 382 term deliveries after a low-risk pregnancy. Deliveries were randomized to DCC (≥180 seconds, n = 193) or ECC (≤10 seconds, n = 189). Maternal blood loss was estimated by the midwife. Samples for blood gas analysis were taken from one umbilical artery and the umbilical vein, from the pulsating unclamped cord in the DCC group and from the double-clamped cord in the ECC group. Samples were classified as valid when the arterial-venous difference was -0.02 or less for pH and 0.5 kPa or more for pCO2 . Main outcome measures. PPH and proportion of valid blood gas samples. The differences between the DCC and ECC groups with regard to PPH (1.2%, p = 0.8) and severe PPH (-2.7%, p = 0.3) were small and non-significant. The proportion of valid blood gas samples was similar between the DCC (67%, n = 130) and ECC (74%, n = 139) groups, with 6% (95% confidence interval: -4%-16%, p = 0.2) fewer valid samples after DCC. Delayed cord clamping, compared with early, did not have a significant effect on maternal postpartum hemorrhage or on the proportion of valid blood gas samples. We conclude that delayed cord clamping is a feasible method from an obstetric perspective.