Philip Peck | Lund University (original) (raw)
Papers by Philip Peck
Journal of Cleaner Production, Jun 1, 2017
Despite promises that they can contribute toward more environmentally beneficial transportation t... more Despite promises that they can contribute toward more environmentally beneficial transportation there are many sustainability concerns about liquid transport biofuels. In response to pressure from civil society, the European Union (EU) has introduced sustainability criteria for biofuels. A hybrid regulatory system involving state and non-state actors stipulates that retailers and producers must comply to be eligible for fiscal support such as tax exemptions. Flexibility in the system allows choice between different means of compliance, including a range of voluntary schemes. We present an analysis of views within the Swedish liquid transport biofuel sector in 2012 – a year after the introduction of EU sustainability criteria. Using document analysis, official statistics, and a survey, we use four key structures of global value chains — input–output structure, territorial configuration, institutional framework, and firm-level chain governance structure — to structure an analysis of biofuel value chain coordination. This yields three main findings regarding how the Swedish liquid transport biofuel system operates within, and views, the new regulatory framework. Firstly that it uses a broad portfolio of feedstock mainly from within Europe, seemingly avoiding countries where any supply conditions may be in doubt; second, larger retailers and producers achieve compliance without the need to provide additional social sustainability information; third, that actors exhibit predominantly Eurocentric perspectives on sustainability, express confidence that their supply chains have strong ‘sustainability performance’ and desire long-term policy stability. We conclude that despite a deep critique of the sustainability of biofuels amongst civil society and academia, EU regulation allows for production systems that reflect a European- and climate change mitigation-centred view on biofuel ‘sustainability’.
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In this short Briefing Paper we consider a number of issues in response to the Draft Tasmanian Re... more In this short Briefing Paper we consider a number of issues in response to the Draft Tasmanian Renewable Hydrogen Action Plan, published November 2019. Our research team has been exploring the potential role renewable hydrogen could play in bolstering Australia's and Tasmania's energy autonomy and energy security. We are a social science research team, comprising expertise in law, industrial economics, public policy, private governance, sociology and human geography. The Draft Tasmanian Renewable Hydrogen Action Plan (hereafter 'the Action Plan') sets out an ambitious plan for renewable hydrogen in Tasmania, which makes use of the natural attributes of Tasmania as well as its existing energy infrastructure. Here we briefly review the Action Plan and highlight additional perspectives on the potential role of renewable hydrogen in Tasmania. Defining renewable hydrogen Renewable hydrogen, also known as 'green' or 'clean' hydrogen, is defined in the Action Plan as follows: "Renewable energy can be used to electrolyse water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen produced in this way is commonly termed renewable hydrogen or 'green hydrogen', and has no carbon emissions associated with its production or use" (p.8). The 2019 National Hydrogen Strategy uses the slightly different terminology of 'clean hydrogen': "…produced using renewable energy or fossil fuels with substantial carbon capture and storage" (p.xiv).
Irrigation and Drainage - IRRIG DRAIN, 2009
BIOPOL is a two-year research project funded by the European Commission since 2007 through the Si... more BIOPOL is a two-year research project funded by the European Commission since 2007 through the Sixth Framework Programme. The overall goal of BIOPOL is to assess the status (technical, social, environmental, political, and implementation) of innovative BIOrefinery concepts and the implications for agricultural and forestry POLicy. Biorefinery concepts are aimed at relevant market-competitive and environmental-friendly synthesis of bio-products (chemicals and/or materials) together with the production of secondary energy carriers (transportation fuels, power and/or CHP). BIOPOL was conceived to address the fact that the wider expectations for biorefineries have not yet yielded clear definitions for biorefinery concepts, or an understanding of the current status and prospective benefits of biorefining in Europe. Therefore the BIOPOL project was designed to assess the current status of biorefinery activities in Europe and explore future scenarios for development. By systematically accounting for potential technical, political, social and industrial impacts of such scenarios their outputs will be utilised to inform policy formulation in this area. By drawing from several complimentary research disciplines the insights gained will be able to inform EU policy-making and help frame future research directions both in Europe and elsewhere.
Resources Conservation and Recycling, Sep 1, 2021
With the burgeoning transition towards electrified vehicle fleets, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) h... more With the burgeoning transition towards electrified vehicle fleets, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have come into focus for different stakeholders due to high costs, supply risks, production-related resource and energy demands and environmental concerns. Circular business models (CBMs) and Circular Economy (CE) strategies to slow and close resource loops are discussed as potential solutions. With a focus on circular business model elements and influencing factors, this research reviews literature on CE strategies for LIBs and benchmarks their current adoption amongst European vehicle manufacturers. These were identified by analysing companies' websites and interviewing representatives from six companies. In addition, observation of a single manufacturer revealed further context-specific and internal factors. Finally, it reviews the external policy drivers and barriers for CE strategies for LIBs and discusses how policy can be further developed. The results demonstrate that many manufacturers are pursuing CE strategies, mostly focussed on repair, refurbishing, and repurposing. Variation in the operationalisation appears to be linked to the degree of manufacturer involvement, indicating that CBMs are context-specific and dependant on internal factors. All CBMs were found to require close collaboration between different stakeholders to build trust and reduce uncertainties. The necessity to design for disassembly and to build expertise to thoroughly diagnose the state of health of LIBs to enable life extending CBMs was highlighted. While the late 2020 proposal for new EU legislation for batteries contains ambitious new requirements that will incentivise CE strategies, there is still a need to consider further policy development to ensure adherence to the waste hierarchy.
This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the Master of Science degree awarded as a result of su... more This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the Master of Science degree awarded as a result of successful completion of the Erasmus Mundus Masters course in Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management (MESPOM) jointly operated by the University of the Aegean (Greece), Central European University (Hungary), Lund University (Sweden) and the University of Manchester (United Kingdom). Supported by the European Commission’s Erasmus Mundus Programme
Investigating potential contract models to stimulate commercial production of energy crops Risk p... more Investigating potential contract models to stimulate commercial production of energy crops Risk perceptions and risk reduction options for agro-biofuel production in
Renewal of forest based manufacturing towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy Environmental pro... more Renewal of forest based manufacturing towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy Environmental problems, combined with European Union environmental and energy policies shaped to address them, have created pressures for change. Some of these open significant opportunities to renew industries. This report delivers new understanding of the potential of circular economy for sustainable renewal of manufacturing in bio-based industries. With particular focus on novel value chains, it provides novel insights into the role of innovation policies in facilitating the shift towards sustainable, circular bioeconomy in Finland and Sweden. The textile and multi-storey wood construction sectors, and emergent biorefineries are utilised as case studies that deepen understanding of the circular bioeconomy, its opportunities, barriers, and impacts, and the policies that affect its emergence. Recent developments of bioeconomy and circular economy solutions and governance in the Netherlands are also summarised in order to deliver contrasting context to the Nordic focus countries. In this work, the bioeconomy is conceptualised as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals and energy are derived from renewable biological resources, such as plant and animal biomass. The essence of the circular economy, that is used here, lies in maximisation of added value and in making the best use of any extracted raw material. This analysis shows that to date discussions and activities related to the promotion of bioeconomy and circular economy have largely been separate efforts, but there are signs that the discussions may converge. It finds that while the form of developments are similar in Finland and in Sweden in the case areas (i.e. textiles, wood construction and biorefineries), there are also clear differences in the strengths of the countries. Evidence is found that such strengths offer potential to develop world leadership in a circular bioeconomy. The report identifies policy recommendations to support renewal of manufacturing in the wood based industries towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
This report has been compiled within the framework of the programme on Regional Air Pollution in ... more This report has been compiled within the framework of the programme on Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries (RAPIDC), Phase III, conducted during the period 2005-2008. RAPIDC has been funded by the Department of Infrastructure and Economic Cooperation (INEC) of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). It is coordinated by the Stockholm Environmental Institute (SEI) and carried out in collaboration with Swedish Universities and research organisations together with inter-governmental agencies and research organisations in Asia and Africa. This report has been principally produced for eight countries – Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka – that are signatories to the Male Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution and Its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia. The Male Declaration developed from the policy dialogue held in 1998 under the auspices of UNEP as part of the RAPIDC programme. This re...
The study carried out within the Bioenergy Network of Excellence analyses the implementation of i... more The study carried out within the Bioenergy Network of Excellence analyses the implementation of important EU directives and policies relating to bioenergy in Europe to identify major RD&D needs in the field. Major EU directives, commonly known as the Promotion of Renewable Electricity, Biofuels and Landfill Directives, along with the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and parts of the Common Agricultural Policy, are some of the most important drivers behind the growth of bioenergy in the EU27 today. The report compares how Germany, Finland and the Netherlands have implemented the directives, examining the policy frameworks in each country and the plans and mechanisms in place to reach national targets. A wider European perspective for each directive is then drawn out, and recommendations for RD&D actions to meet the EU directive targets or obligations in each area are outlined. The report also takes a broader look at the effects the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and the Common Agricultural P...
First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the participants, which have of... more First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the participants, which have offered me the most valuable of gifts-their time. Their perspectives not only made the study possible, but they also deepened my understanding of cleantech investments in China Thank you Tanja Tanskanen and Magnus Agerstrom from Cleantech Scandinavia. Tanja's input and ideas on how to initiate the process were very valuable. Also, by providing me with access to their network of people with experience from cleantech and investments in this sector in China, it has been possible to conduct this study. I would also like to thank my supervisor Philip Peck for all the guidance and support he has given me over the last few months, and his flexibility in providing this Thank you Lars Hansson for sharing your time and ideas, and for connecting me to the IIIEE Chinese Alumni Network. I would like to thank the members of this network for sharing their ideas, and for further connecting me to other people. Also, I would like to thank the following people for sharing their ideas and for further connecting me with their networks:
The production and use of vehicle fuels results in both environmental and socio-economic impacts.... more The production and use of vehicle fuels results in both environmental and socio-economic impacts.In the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) the European Union (EU) implemented mandatory sustainability ...
Journal of Cleaner Production, Jun 1, 2017
Despite promises that they can contribute toward more environmentally beneficial transportation t... more Despite promises that they can contribute toward more environmentally beneficial transportation there are many sustainability concerns about liquid transport biofuels. In response to pressure from civil society, the European Union (EU) has introduced sustainability criteria for biofuels. A hybrid regulatory system involving state and non-state actors stipulates that retailers and producers must comply to be eligible for fiscal support such as tax exemptions. Flexibility in the system allows choice between different means of compliance, including a range of voluntary schemes. We present an analysis of views within the Swedish liquid transport biofuel sector in 2012 – a year after the introduction of EU sustainability criteria. Using document analysis, official statistics, and a survey, we use four key structures of global value chains — input–output structure, territorial configuration, institutional framework, and firm-level chain governance structure — to structure an analysis of biofuel value chain coordination. This yields three main findings regarding how the Swedish liquid transport biofuel system operates within, and views, the new regulatory framework. Firstly that it uses a broad portfolio of feedstock mainly from within Europe, seemingly avoiding countries where any supply conditions may be in doubt; second, larger retailers and producers achieve compliance without the need to provide additional social sustainability information; third, that actors exhibit predominantly Eurocentric perspectives on sustainability, express confidence that their supply chains have strong ‘sustainability performance’ and desire long-term policy stability. We conclude that despite a deep critique of the sustainability of biofuels amongst civil society and academia, EU regulation allows for production systems that reflect a European- and climate change mitigation-centred view on biofuel ‘sustainability’.
╨╧*αí▒*ß>*■ *æ[<*e<*ß;*Γ;π;Σ;σ;µ;τ;Φ;Θ;Ω;δ;∞;φ;ε;∩;≡; ⁿ;²;■; ;<. &... more ╨╧*αí▒*ß>*■ *æ[<*e<*ß;*Γ;π;Σ;σ;µ;τ;Φ;Θ;Ω;δ;∞;φ;ε;∩;≡; ⁿ;²;■; ;<. &<'<(<0<1<2<3<4<5<6<7<8<9<:<;<A ...
In this short Briefing Paper we consider a number of issues in response to the Draft Tasmanian Re... more In this short Briefing Paper we consider a number of issues in response to the Draft Tasmanian Renewable Hydrogen Action Plan, published November 2019. Our research team has been exploring the potential role renewable hydrogen could play in bolstering Australia's and Tasmania's energy autonomy and energy security. We are a social science research team, comprising expertise in law, industrial economics, public policy, private governance, sociology and human geography. The Draft Tasmanian Renewable Hydrogen Action Plan (hereafter 'the Action Plan') sets out an ambitious plan for renewable hydrogen in Tasmania, which makes use of the natural attributes of Tasmania as well as its existing energy infrastructure. Here we briefly review the Action Plan and highlight additional perspectives on the potential role of renewable hydrogen in Tasmania. Defining renewable hydrogen Renewable hydrogen, also known as 'green' or 'clean' hydrogen, is defined in the Action Plan as follows: "Renewable energy can be used to electrolyse water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen produced in this way is commonly termed renewable hydrogen or 'green hydrogen', and has no carbon emissions associated with its production or use" (p.8). The 2019 National Hydrogen Strategy uses the slightly different terminology of 'clean hydrogen': "…produced using renewable energy or fossil fuels with substantial carbon capture and storage" (p.xiv).
Irrigation and Drainage - IRRIG DRAIN, 2009
BIOPOL is a two-year research project funded by the European Commission since 2007 through the Si... more BIOPOL is a two-year research project funded by the European Commission since 2007 through the Sixth Framework Programme. The overall goal of BIOPOL is to assess the status (technical, social, environmental, political, and implementation) of innovative BIOrefinery concepts and the implications for agricultural and forestry POLicy. Biorefinery concepts are aimed at relevant market-competitive and environmental-friendly synthesis of bio-products (chemicals and/or materials) together with the production of secondary energy carriers (transportation fuels, power and/or CHP). BIOPOL was conceived to address the fact that the wider expectations for biorefineries have not yet yielded clear definitions for biorefinery concepts, or an understanding of the current status and prospective benefits of biorefining in Europe. Therefore the BIOPOL project was designed to assess the current status of biorefinery activities in Europe and explore future scenarios for development. By systematically accounting for potential technical, political, social and industrial impacts of such scenarios their outputs will be utilised to inform policy formulation in this area. By drawing from several complimentary research disciplines the insights gained will be able to inform EU policy-making and help frame future research directions both in Europe and elsewhere.
Resources Conservation and Recycling, Sep 1, 2021
With the burgeoning transition towards electrified vehicle fleets, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) h... more With the burgeoning transition towards electrified vehicle fleets, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have come into focus for different stakeholders due to high costs, supply risks, production-related resource and energy demands and environmental concerns. Circular business models (CBMs) and Circular Economy (CE) strategies to slow and close resource loops are discussed as potential solutions. With a focus on circular business model elements and influencing factors, this research reviews literature on CE strategies for LIBs and benchmarks their current adoption amongst European vehicle manufacturers. These were identified by analysing companies' websites and interviewing representatives from six companies. In addition, observation of a single manufacturer revealed further context-specific and internal factors. Finally, it reviews the external policy drivers and barriers for CE strategies for LIBs and discusses how policy can be further developed. The results demonstrate that many manufacturers are pursuing CE strategies, mostly focussed on repair, refurbishing, and repurposing. Variation in the operationalisation appears to be linked to the degree of manufacturer involvement, indicating that CBMs are context-specific and dependant on internal factors. All CBMs were found to require close collaboration between different stakeholders to build trust and reduce uncertainties. The necessity to design for disassembly and to build expertise to thoroughly diagnose the state of health of LIBs to enable life extending CBMs was highlighted. While the late 2020 proposal for new EU legislation for batteries contains ambitious new requirements that will incentivise CE strategies, there is still a need to consider further policy development to ensure adherence to the waste hierarchy.
This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the Master of Science degree awarded as a result of su... more This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the Master of Science degree awarded as a result of successful completion of the Erasmus Mundus Masters course in Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management (MESPOM) jointly operated by the University of the Aegean (Greece), Central European University (Hungary), Lund University (Sweden) and the University of Manchester (United Kingdom). Supported by the European Commission’s Erasmus Mundus Programme
Investigating potential contract models to stimulate commercial production of energy crops Risk p... more Investigating potential contract models to stimulate commercial production of energy crops Risk perceptions and risk reduction options for agro-biofuel production in
Renewal of forest based manufacturing towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy Environmental pro... more Renewal of forest based manufacturing towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy Environmental problems, combined with European Union environmental and energy policies shaped to address them, have created pressures for change. Some of these open significant opportunities to renew industries. This report delivers new understanding of the potential of circular economy for sustainable renewal of manufacturing in bio-based industries. With particular focus on novel value chains, it provides novel insights into the role of innovation policies in facilitating the shift towards sustainable, circular bioeconomy in Finland and Sweden. The textile and multi-storey wood construction sectors, and emergent biorefineries are utilised as case studies that deepen understanding of the circular bioeconomy, its opportunities, barriers, and impacts, and the policies that affect its emergence. Recent developments of bioeconomy and circular economy solutions and governance in the Netherlands are also summarised in order to deliver contrasting context to the Nordic focus countries. In this work, the bioeconomy is conceptualised as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals and energy are derived from renewable biological resources, such as plant and animal biomass. The essence of the circular economy, that is used here, lies in maximisation of added value and in making the best use of any extracted raw material. This analysis shows that to date discussions and activities related to the promotion of bioeconomy and circular economy have largely been separate efforts, but there are signs that the discussions may converge. It finds that while the form of developments are similar in Finland and in Sweden in the case areas (i.e. textiles, wood construction and biorefineries), there are also clear differences in the strengths of the countries. Evidence is found that such strengths offer potential to develop world leadership in a circular bioeconomy. The report identifies policy recommendations to support renewal of manufacturing in the wood based industries towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
This report has been compiled within the framework of the programme on Regional Air Pollution in ... more This report has been compiled within the framework of the programme on Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries (RAPIDC), Phase III, conducted during the period 2005-2008. RAPIDC has been funded by the Department of Infrastructure and Economic Cooperation (INEC) of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). It is coordinated by the Stockholm Environmental Institute (SEI) and carried out in collaboration with Swedish Universities and research organisations together with inter-governmental agencies and research organisations in Asia and Africa. This report has been principally produced for eight countries – Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka – that are signatories to the Male Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution and Its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia. The Male Declaration developed from the policy dialogue held in 1998 under the auspices of UNEP as part of the RAPIDC programme. This re...
The study carried out within the Bioenergy Network of Excellence analyses the implementation of i... more The study carried out within the Bioenergy Network of Excellence analyses the implementation of important EU directives and policies relating to bioenergy in Europe to identify major RD&D needs in the field. Major EU directives, commonly known as the Promotion of Renewable Electricity, Biofuels and Landfill Directives, along with the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and parts of the Common Agricultural Policy, are some of the most important drivers behind the growth of bioenergy in the EU27 today. The report compares how Germany, Finland and the Netherlands have implemented the directives, examining the policy frameworks in each country and the plans and mechanisms in place to reach national targets. A wider European perspective for each directive is then drawn out, and recommendations for RD&D actions to meet the EU directive targets or obligations in each area are outlined. The report also takes a broader look at the effects the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and the Common Agricultural P...
First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the participants, which have of... more First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the participants, which have offered me the most valuable of gifts-their time. Their perspectives not only made the study possible, but they also deepened my understanding of cleantech investments in China Thank you Tanja Tanskanen and Magnus Agerstrom from Cleantech Scandinavia. Tanja's input and ideas on how to initiate the process were very valuable. Also, by providing me with access to their network of people with experience from cleantech and investments in this sector in China, it has been possible to conduct this study. I would also like to thank my supervisor Philip Peck for all the guidance and support he has given me over the last few months, and his flexibility in providing this Thank you Lars Hansson for sharing your time and ideas, and for connecting me to the IIIEE Chinese Alumni Network. I would like to thank the members of this network for sharing their ideas, and for further connecting me to other people. Also, I would like to thank the following people for sharing their ideas and for further connecting me with their networks:
The production and use of vehicle fuels results in both environmental and socio-economic impacts.... more The production and use of vehicle fuels results in both environmental and socio-economic impacts.In the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) the European Union (EU) implemented mandatory sustainability ...