Søren Berg | Lund University (original) (raw)

Papers by Søren Berg

Research paper thumbnail of Mandibular advancement device therapy for obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective study on predictors of treatment success

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical vertebral column morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea assessed using lateral cephalograms and cone beam CT. A comparative study

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical vertebral column morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea assessed using lateral cephalograms and cone beam CT. A comparative study

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Jun 1, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of 24-hour and 36-hour sleep deprivation on smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements

Journal of Vestibular Research, 2008

Sleep restrictions and sleep deprivation have become common in modern society, as many people rep... more Sleep restrictions and sleep deprivation have become common in modern society, as many people report daily sleep below the recommended 8 hours per night. This study aimed to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on oculomotor performance by recording smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements after 24 and 36 hours of sleep deprivation. Another objective was to determine whether detected changes in oculomotor performance followed fluctuations according to a circadian rhythm and/or subjective Visuo-Analogue sleepiness Scale scores. Oculomotor responses were recorded from 18 subjects using electronystagmography, and comprised measurements of accuracy (i.e., the percentage of time the eye movement velocity was within the target velocity boundaries), velocity and latency. Continuous EEG recordings were used to validate that subjects had remained awake throughout the 36-hour period. Our findings showed that sleep deprivation deteriorated smooth pursuit gain, smooth pursuit accuracy and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of 24-h and 36-h sleep deprivation on human postural control and adaptation

Experimental Brain Research, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Arousals and Nocturnal Respiration in Symptomatic Snorers and NonSnorers

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of experimental changes in nasal airway pressure on mucosal output of plasma

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 2003

SummaryMicrovascular extravasation, lamina propria flooding and luminal entry of plasma are key f... more SummaryMicrovascular extravasation, lamina propria flooding and luminal entry of plasma are key features of airway inflammation. We have suggested that the extravasated plasma moves across the epithelial lining along hydrostatic pressure gradients. The present study, involving healthy subjects, tests this hypothesis by examining effects of experimentally applied negative and positive luminal pressures on nasal output of plasma at baseline and at histamine‐induced plasma exudation. The negative (−10 cmH2O) and positive (10 cmH2O) pressures were applied for 10 min after nasal spray administrations of diluent (saline) and histamine (0·5 mg). The mucosa was then lavaged and the lavage fluid levels of α2‐macroglobulin were measured as index of plasma exudation. Nasal administrations of diluent and histamine (0·5 mg) were also carried out without any pressure applications. Histamine produced significant mucosal exudation of plasma. The negative luminal pressure augmented this response sig...

Research paper thumbnail of Standard procedures for adults in accredited sleep medicine centres in Europe

Journal of Sleep Research, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of European guidelines for the certification of professionals in sleep medicine: report of the task force of the European Sleep Research Society

Journal of Sleep Research, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Pharyngeal Airway Dimensions and Head Posture in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with and without Morphological Deviations in the Upper Cervical Spine

Journal of oral & maxillofacial research

The aim of the study was to analyse differences in pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture ... more The aim of the study was to analyse differences in pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture between obstructive sleep apnea patients with and without morphological deviations in the upper cervical spine and to analyse associations between pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture in the total sample. The sample comprised 53 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients of which 32.1% had upper spine morphological deviations. Accordingly two groups were defined: 17 OSA patients with morphological deviations in the upper spine and 36 without upper spine deviations. Pharyngeal airway dimensions in terms of distances, cross-sectional areas and volume and upper spine morphological deviations were evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography. Head posture was evaluated on two-dimensional generated lateral cephalograms. Differences were analysed and adjusted for age and gender by multiple linear regression analysis. OSA patients with upper spine morphological deviations had a significantly...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of sexual satisfaction between normal and patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea and after 2 months of treatment with CPAP

Journal of Sleep Research, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of increased upper airway resistance in snorers : methodological and diagnostic considerations /

Research paper thumbnail of Sexual function in male patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: Sexual function in males with OSA

Research paper thumbnail of Definition of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux for studies on respiratory diseases

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2016

Objective Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) has been associated with respiratory diseases.... more Objective Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) has been associated with respiratory diseases. Our aim was to study a questionnaire method to identify nGER subjects with respiratory involvement in a general population. Material and methods A subgroup of Icelandic participants in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (ECRHS III) reporting symptoms of nGER (n = 48) as well as age and gender paired controls (n = 42) were studied further by a structured interview, questionnaires, laryngeal fibrescopy, and exhaled breath condensate. A subgroup underwent 24-h oesophageal pH impedance (24-h MII-pH) measurements. Symptoms of nGER were assessed with a modified version of the reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ), where symptoms were divided into daytime and nocturnal. A report of nGER both at baseline and at follow-up was defined as persistent nGER. Results Participants reporting persistent nGER had significantly more signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux according to the reflux finding score than those without nGER (Mean ± SD: 5.1 ± 2.3 vs. 3.9 ± 2.2, p = 0.02). Of the 16 persistent nGER subjects that underwent 24-h MII-pH, 11 had abnormal gastroesophageal reflux, but none of three control subjects (69% vs. 0%). Pepsin was more commonly found in exhaled breath condensate in the nGER group (67% vs. 45%, p = 0.04). Conclusions Participants with nGER symptoms at least once a month, reported on two occasions, had a high level of positive 24-h MII-pH measurements, laryngeal inflammation and pepsin in exhaled breath condensate. This nGER definition identified a representable group for studies on nGER and respiratory diseases in a general population.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of reduced reverberation time on sound-induced arousals during sleep

Sleep, 2001

The effect of reducing reverberation time was studied in 12 subjects during sleep. EEG-arousals f... more The effect of reducing reverberation time was studied in 12 subjects during sleep. EEG-arousals following specific sound stimuli were significantly reduced (p<0.007) when reverberation time was reduced with sound-absorbing ceiling-tiles. On average reverberation was reduced 0.124 seconds at similar sound levels. It is proposed that increased sound absorption, i.e. reduced reverberation time, by contributing to a better acoustic environment may reduce sound-induced sleep fragmentation.

Research paper thumbnail of Upper Airway Pressures in Snorers and Nonsnorers during Wakefulness and Sleep

The Journal of Otolaryngology, 2001

To compare upper airway pressures in snorers and nonsnorers during sleep and wakefulness. Case se... more To compare upper airway pressures in snorers and nonsnorers during sleep and wakefulness. Case series of snorers and nonsnoring controls. Sleep clinic of a university hospital. We used open catheters to measure differential nasopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal pressures in 8 nonapneic snorers with excessive daytime tiredness and 10 healthy nonsnoring controls. Measurements were performed during sleep (with the mouth taped to ensure exclusively nasal breathing) and wakefulness. When awake, the subjects were either seated (with the head neutral, flexed, extended, or rotated) or recumbent (dorsal and lateral positions). Comparison of pressures within the group as a function of body position and between the groups as a function of snoring. Differential nasal and pharyngeal pressures were similar in seated snorers and nonsnorers independently of head position. Assumption of recumbency resulted in significantly increased pharyngeal pressures in nonsnorers (26 +/- 18 Pa seated vs. 52 +/- 46 Pa recumbent, p &amp;amp;lt; .05) and snorers (50 +/- 35 Pa seated vs. 93 +/- 38 recumbent, p &amp;amp;lt; .01). The increase was higher in snorers than nonsnorers. During snoring, sleep differential pharyngeal pressures in snorers were markedly increased compared to quiet sleep (567 +/- 450 Pa during snoring epochs vs. 117 +/- 82 Pa during nonsnoring epochs, p &amp;amp;lt; .01). Compared to nonsnorers, recumbent nonapneic snorers have elevated differential pharyngeal pressures indicative of increased upper airway resistance and reduced airway patency; this is present during wakefulness and sleep.

Research paper thumbnail of Home mechanical ventilation in Sweden—inequalities within a homogenous health care system

Respiratory Medicine, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Catalogue of knowledge and skills for sleep medicine

Journal of Sleep Research, 2014

Sleep medicine is evolving globally into a medical subspeciality in its own right, and in paralle... more Sleep medicine is evolving globally into a medical subspeciality in its own right, and in parallel, behavioural sleep medicine and sleep technology are expanding rapidly. Educational programmes are being implemented at different levels in many European countries. However, these programmes would benefit from a common, interdisciplinary curriculum. This &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;catalogue of knowledge and skills&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; for sleep medicine is proposed, therefore, as a template for developing more standardized curricula across Europe. The Board and The Sleep Medicine Committee of the European Sleep Research Society (ESRS) have compiled the catalogue based on textbooks, standard of practice publications, systematic reviews and professional experience, validated subsequently by an online survey completed by 110 delegates specialized in sleep medicine from different European countries. The catalogue comprises 10 chapters covering physiology, pathology, diagnostic and treatment procedures to societal and organizational aspects of sleep medicine. Required levels of knowledge and skills are defined, as is a proposed workload of 60 points according to the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). The catalogue is intended to be a basis for sleep medicine education, for sleep medicine courses and for sleep medicine examinations, serving not only physicians with a medical speciality degree, but also PhD and MSc health professionals such as clinical psychologists and scientists, technologists and nurses, all of whom may be involved professionally in sleep medicine. In the future, the catalogue will be revised in accordance with advances in the field of sleep medicine.

Research paper thumbnail of Sexual Function in Female Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Acidification of Distal Esophagus and Sleep-Related Breathing Disturbances<xref rid="AFF1"><sup>*</sup></xref>

CHEST Journal, 2004

To investigate whether distal esophageal acidification occurs during sleep in patients suspected ... more To investigate whether distal esophageal acidification occurs during sleep in patients suspected of sleep-disordered breathing, and whether such acidification is related to respiratory abnormalities. Fourteen middle-aged, snoring men all complaining of daytime sleepiness and suspected of having obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep laboratory, Pulmonary Department, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. Each patient underwent full nocturnal polysomnography testing, which included continuous monitoring of esophageal pressure (Pes) and pH. We identified all pH events, which were defined as a reduction in esophageal pH of &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;/= 1.0. During each pH event, the respiratory recordings where examined for the presence of apneas or hypopneas, and Pes was recorded. The data were analyzed to determine the possible relationships between pH events and respiratory events, and between changes in pH and changes in Pes. We found that there were more respiratory events than pH events. The mean (+/- SD) number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep was 33 +/- 22, whereas the mean number of pH events per hour of sleep was 7 +/- 6. Overall, 81% of all pH events were associated with respiratory events. Correlation analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between pH events and the magnitude of Pes or apnea-hypopnea index. Episodes of esophageal acidification are common in patients with sleep apnea, and are usually associated with respiratory and pressure events. However, changes in pH were independent of the magnitude of the Pes.

Research paper thumbnail of Mandibular advancement device therapy for obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective study on predictors of treatment success

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical vertebral column morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea assessed using lateral cephalograms and cone beam CT. A comparative study

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical vertebral column morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea assessed using lateral cephalograms and cone beam CT. A comparative study

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Jun 1, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of 24-hour and 36-hour sleep deprivation on smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements

Journal of Vestibular Research, 2008

Sleep restrictions and sleep deprivation have become common in modern society, as many people rep... more Sleep restrictions and sleep deprivation have become common in modern society, as many people report daily sleep below the recommended 8 hours per night. This study aimed to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on oculomotor performance by recording smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements after 24 and 36 hours of sleep deprivation. Another objective was to determine whether detected changes in oculomotor performance followed fluctuations according to a circadian rhythm and/or subjective Visuo-Analogue sleepiness Scale scores. Oculomotor responses were recorded from 18 subjects using electronystagmography, and comprised measurements of accuracy (i.e., the percentage of time the eye movement velocity was within the target velocity boundaries), velocity and latency. Continuous EEG recordings were used to validate that subjects had remained awake throughout the 36-hour period. Our findings showed that sleep deprivation deteriorated smooth pursuit gain, smooth pursuit accuracy and ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of 24-h and 36-h sleep deprivation on human postural control and adaptation

Experimental Brain Research, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Arousals and Nocturnal Respiration in Symptomatic Snorers and NonSnorers

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of experimental changes in nasal airway pressure on mucosal output of plasma

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 2003

SummaryMicrovascular extravasation, lamina propria flooding and luminal entry of plasma are key f... more SummaryMicrovascular extravasation, lamina propria flooding and luminal entry of plasma are key features of airway inflammation. We have suggested that the extravasated plasma moves across the epithelial lining along hydrostatic pressure gradients. The present study, involving healthy subjects, tests this hypothesis by examining effects of experimentally applied negative and positive luminal pressures on nasal output of plasma at baseline and at histamine‐induced plasma exudation. The negative (−10 cmH2O) and positive (10 cmH2O) pressures were applied for 10 min after nasal spray administrations of diluent (saline) and histamine (0·5 mg). The mucosa was then lavaged and the lavage fluid levels of α2‐macroglobulin were measured as index of plasma exudation. Nasal administrations of diluent and histamine (0·5 mg) were also carried out without any pressure applications. Histamine produced significant mucosal exudation of plasma. The negative luminal pressure augmented this response sig...

Research paper thumbnail of Standard procedures for adults in accredited sleep medicine centres in Europe

Journal of Sleep Research, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of European guidelines for the certification of professionals in sleep medicine: report of the task force of the European Sleep Research Society

Journal of Sleep Research, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Pharyngeal Airway Dimensions and Head Posture in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with and without Morphological Deviations in the Upper Cervical Spine

Journal of oral & maxillofacial research

The aim of the study was to analyse differences in pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture ... more The aim of the study was to analyse differences in pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture between obstructive sleep apnea patients with and without morphological deviations in the upper cervical spine and to analyse associations between pharyngeal airway dimensions and head posture in the total sample. The sample comprised 53 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients of which 32.1% had upper spine morphological deviations. Accordingly two groups were defined: 17 OSA patients with morphological deviations in the upper spine and 36 without upper spine deviations. Pharyngeal airway dimensions in terms of distances, cross-sectional areas and volume and upper spine morphological deviations were evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography. Head posture was evaluated on two-dimensional generated lateral cephalograms. Differences were analysed and adjusted for age and gender by multiple linear regression analysis. OSA patients with upper spine morphological deviations had a significantly...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of sexual satisfaction between normal and patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea and after 2 months of treatment with CPAP

Journal of Sleep Research, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of increased upper airway resistance in snorers : methodological and diagnostic considerations /

Research paper thumbnail of Sexual function in male patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: Sexual function in males with OSA

Research paper thumbnail of Definition of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux for studies on respiratory diseases

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2016

Objective Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) has been associated with respiratory diseases.... more Objective Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) has been associated with respiratory diseases. Our aim was to study a questionnaire method to identify nGER subjects with respiratory involvement in a general population. Material and methods A subgroup of Icelandic participants in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (ECRHS III) reporting symptoms of nGER (n = 48) as well as age and gender paired controls (n = 42) were studied further by a structured interview, questionnaires, laryngeal fibrescopy, and exhaled breath condensate. A subgroup underwent 24-h oesophageal pH impedance (24-h MII-pH) measurements. Symptoms of nGER were assessed with a modified version of the reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ), where symptoms were divided into daytime and nocturnal. A report of nGER both at baseline and at follow-up was defined as persistent nGER. Results Participants reporting persistent nGER had significantly more signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux according to the reflux finding score than those without nGER (Mean ± SD: 5.1 ± 2.3 vs. 3.9 ± 2.2, p = 0.02). Of the 16 persistent nGER subjects that underwent 24-h MII-pH, 11 had abnormal gastroesophageal reflux, but none of three control subjects (69% vs. 0%). Pepsin was more commonly found in exhaled breath condensate in the nGER group (67% vs. 45%, p = 0.04). Conclusions Participants with nGER symptoms at least once a month, reported on two occasions, had a high level of positive 24-h MII-pH measurements, laryngeal inflammation and pepsin in exhaled breath condensate. This nGER definition identified a representable group for studies on nGER and respiratory diseases in a general population.

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of reduced reverberation time on sound-induced arousals during sleep

Sleep, 2001

The effect of reducing reverberation time was studied in 12 subjects during sleep. EEG-arousals f... more The effect of reducing reverberation time was studied in 12 subjects during sleep. EEG-arousals following specific sound stimuli were significantly reduced (p<0.007) when reverberation time was reduced with sound-absorbing ceiling-tiles. On average reverberation was reduced 0.124 seconds at similar sound levels. It is proposed that increased sound absorption, i.e. reduced reverberation time, by contributing to a better acoustic environment may reduce sound-induced sleep fragmentation.

Research paper thumbnail of Upper Airway Pressures in Snorers and Nonsnorers during Wakefulness and Sleep

The Journal of Otolaryngology, 2001

To compare upper airway pressures in snorers and nonsnorers during sleep and wakefulness. Case se... more To compare upper airway pressures in snorers and nonsnorers during sleep and wakefulness. Case series of snorers and nonsnoring controls. Sleep clinic of a university hospital. We used open catheters to measure differential nasopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal pressures in 8 nonapneic snorers with excessive daytime tiredness and 10 healthy nonsnoring controls. Measurements were performed during sleep (with the mouth taped to ensure exclusively nasal breathing) and wakefulness. When awake, the subjects were either seated (with the head neutral, flexed, extended, or rotated) or recumbent (dorsal and lateral positions). Comparison of pressures within the group as a function of body position and between the groups as a function of snoring. Differential nasal and pharyngeal pressures were similar in seated snorers and nonsnorers independently of head position. Assumption of recumbency resulted in significantly increased pharyngeal pressures in nonsnorers (26 +/- 18 Pa seated vs. 52 +/- 46 Pa recumbent, p &amp;amp;lt; .05) and snorers (50 +/- 35 Pa seated vs. 93 +/- 38 recumbent, p &amp;amp;lt; .01). The increase was higher in snorers than nonsnorers. During snoring, sleep differential pharyngeal pressures in snorers were markedly increased compared to quiet sleep (567 +/- 450 Pa during snoring epochs vs. 117 +/- 82 Pa during nonsnoring epochs, p &amp;amp;lt; .01). Compared to nonsnorers, recumbent nonapneic snorers have elevated differential pharyngeal pressures indicative of increased upper airway resistance and reduced airway patency; this is present during wakefulness and sleep.

Research paper thumbnail of Home mechanical ventilation in Sweden—inequalities within a homogenous health care system

Respiratory Medicine, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Catalogue of knowledge and skills for sleep medicine

Journal of Sleep Research, 2014

Sleep medicine is evolving globally into a medical subspeciality in its own right, and in paralle... more Sleep medicine is evolving globally into a medical subspeciality in its own right, and in parallel, behavioural sleep medicine and sleep technology are expanding rapidly. Educational programmes are being implemented at different levels in many European countries. However, these programmes would benefit from a common, interdisciplinary curriculum. This &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;catalogue of knowledge and skills&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; for sleep medicine is proposed, therefore, as a template for developing more standardized curricula across Europe. The Board and The Sleep Medicine Committee of the European Sleep Research Society (ESRS) have compiled the catalogue based on textbooks, standard of practice publications, systematic reviews and professional experience, validated subsequently by an online survey completed by 110 delegates specialized in sleep medicine from different European countries. The catalogue comprises 10 chapters covering physiology, pathology, diagnostic and treatment procedures to societal and organizational aspects of sleep medicine. Required levels of knowledge and skills are defined, as is a proposed workload of 60 points according to the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). The catalogue is intended to be a basis for sleep medicine education, for sleep medicine courses and for sleep medicine examinations, serving not only physicians with a medical speciality degree, but also PhD and MSc health professionals such as clinical psychologists and scientists, technologists and nurses, all of whom may be involved professionally in sleep medicine. In the future, the catalogue will be revised in accordance with advances in the field of sleep medicine.

Research paper thumbnail of Sexual Function in Female Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Acidification of Distal Esophagus and Sleep-Related Breathing Disturbances<xref rid="AFF1"><sup>*</sup></xref>

CHEST Journal, 2004

To investigate whether distal esophageal acidification occurs during sleep in patients suspected ... more To investigate whether distal esophageal acidification occurs during sleep in patients suspected of sleep-disordered breathing, and whether such acidification is related to respiratory abnormalities. Fourteen middle-aged, snoring men all complaining of daytime sleepiness and suspected of having obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep laboratory, Pulmonary Department, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. Each patient underwent full nocturnal polysomnography testing, which included continuous monitoring of esophageal pressure (Pes) and pH. We identified all pH events, which were defined as a reduction in esophageal pH of &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;/= 1.0. During each pH event, the respiratory recordings where examined for the presence of apneas or hypopneas, and Pes was recorded. The data were analyzed to determine the possible relationships between pH events and respiratory events, and between changes in pH and changes in Pes. We found that there were more respiratory events than pH events. The mean (+/- SD) number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep was 33 +/- 22, whereas the mean number of pH events per hour of sleep was 7 +/- 6. Overall, 81% of all pH events were associated with respiratory events. Correlation analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between pH events and the magnitude of Pes or apnea-hypopnea index. Episodes of esophageal acidification are common in patients with sleep apnea, and are usually associated with respiratory and pressure events. However, changes in pH were independent of the magnitude of the Pes.