Sadia Khan | LUMS - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sadia Khan

Annals of Surgical Oncology

Continuously monitoring the Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool for Cardiovascular Disea... more Continuously monitoring the Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) patients. In low-resource countries, the hospitals and health centers do not have adequate ECG systems, and this unavailability exacerbates the patients’ health condition. Lack of skilled physicians, limited availability of continuous ECG monitoring devices, and their high prices, all lead to a higher CVD burden in the developing countries. To address these challenges, we present a low-cost, low-power, and wireless ECG monitoring system with deep learning-based automatic arrhythmia detection. Flexible fabric-based design and the wearable nature of the device enhances the patient’s comfort while facilitating continuous monitoring. An AD8232 chip is used for the ECG Analog Front-End (AFE) with two 450 mi-Ah Li-ion batteries for powering the device. The acquired ECG signal can be transmitted to a smart-device over Bluetooth and subsequently sent to a cloud server for analysis. A 1-...

Open Heart

ObjectiveAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. Undiagnosed and poorly managed A... more ObjectiveAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. Undiagnosed and poorly managed AF increases risk of stroke. The Hounslow AF quality improvement (QI) initiative was associated with improved quality of care for patients with AF through increased detection of AF and appropriate anticoagulation. This study aimed to evaluate whether there has been a change in stroke and bleeding rates in the Hounslow population following the QI initiative.MethodsUsing hospital admissions data from January 2011 to August 2018, interrupted time series analysis was performed to investigate the changes in standardised rates of admission with stroke and bleeding, following the start of the QI initiative in October 2014.ResultsThere was a 17% decrease in the rate of admission with stroke as primary diagnosis (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.83; 95% CI 0.712 to 0.963; p<0.014). There was an even larger yet not statistically significant decrease in admission with stroke as primary diagnosis and ...

Microorganisms

The indoor microbial community is a mixture of microorganisms resulting from outdoor ecosystems t... more The indoor microbial community is a mixture of microorganisms resulting from outdoor ecosystems that seed the built environment. However, the biogeography of the indoor microbial community is still inadequately studied. Dust from more than 3000 dwellings across France was analyzed by qPCR using 17 targets: 10 molds, 3 bacteria groups, and 4 mites. Thus, the first spatial description of the main indoor microbial allergens on the French territory, in relation with biogeographical factors influencing the distribution of microorganisms, was realized in this study. Ten microorganisms out of 17 exhibited increasing abundance profiles across the country: Five microorganisms (Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoïdes spp., Streptomyces spp., Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Epicoccum nigrum) from northeast to southwest, two (Cryptococcus spp., Alternaria alternata) from northwest to southeast, Mycobacteria from east to west, Aspergillus fumigatus from south to north, and Penicillium chry...

Postdigital Science and Education

The new media environment, through multitudinous entanglements with processes of digitization and... more The new media environment, through multitudinous entanglements with processes of digitization and commodification, has contributed to the formation of extreme distrust in media and institutions in advanced democracies, and fluctuations in trust relations worldwide, according to Pew Research and Gallup polling. Resulting from threats of fake news, the overabundance of information, and intentional misguidance by bad actors, individuals find it increasingly difficult to evaluate information and make informed decisions. Ideally, in democracies, institutions help foster trust between citizens and information sources by encouraging trustworthy institutions that are responsible to citizens, since trust is so fundamental to a functional democracy. This paper draws a link between trust, which is crucial to democracy, and media and information literacy (MIL), which empowers democratic principles, to suggest how the implicit reciprocity and negotiability of trust relations can be seized to advance democratization through a media and information literacy policy framework. Using the UNESCO Media and Information Literacy Policy and Strategy Guideline as a reference, this paper builds an approach to show how, through the negotiability of trust, MIL and the democratizing principle of civic agency might be concurrently advanced and mutually reinforcing by educating a citizenry more literate about media and information systems and generating democratic institutional change concurrent with greater trust between actors.

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background The diagnosis and management of sepsis remain a global health care challenge. Digital ... more Background The diagnosis and management of sepsis remain a global health care challenge. Digital technologies have the potential to improve sepsis care. Objective The aim of this paper was to systematically review the evidence on the impact of digital alerting systems on sepsis related outcomes. Methods The following databases were searched for studies published from April 1964 to February 12, 2019, with no language restriction: EMBASE, MEDLINE, HMIC, PsycINFO, and Cochrane. All full-text reports of studies identified as potentially eligible after title and abstract reviews were obtained for further review. The search was limited to adult inpatients. Relevant articles were hand searched for other studies. Only studies with clear pre- and postalerting phases were included. Primary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and intensive care LOS, whereas secondary outcomes were time to antibiotics and mortality. Studies based solely on intensive care, case reports, narrative reviews...

Environmental Chemistry Letters

The presence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and their genes in water supply system is an eme... more The presence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and their genes in water supply system is an emerging issue. Resistant bacteria are difficult to treat and tend to horizontally transfer genes to other populations, including pathogens, thus complicating clinical treatments. However, the acute (short-term) response of bacteria to disinfection and exposure to various pipe materials remain unknown, and require investigation. Their responses to chlorination may mirror those of other microbial toxicants (e.g., subinhibitory antibiotics); as such, we test the hypothesis that pipe materials and the presence of chlorine could immediately stress bacteria and differentially select for antimicrobial resistant bacteria and biofilms. Microcosm were created with polyvinylchloride, copper, and cement pipes, in which susceptible and resistant bacteria were competitively challenged to the presence of chlorination (0.5 mg/mL) over 5 days. Viable counts determined bacterial survival; while quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to discern those with resistance genes. Physico-chemical parameters and chlorine levels monitored the environmental conditions to which the bacteria were exposed. Results demonstrated that, in 56% of the cases, resistant bacteria became immediately enriched into biofilms due to chlorine exposure. In respects to pipe materials, greater proportion of resistant bacteria were found in biofilms on PVC and copper pipes, which represent common plumbing materials. The consequence is if bacteria contaminate drinking water systems, chemical conditions may immediately select for resistant strains, which could have unforeseen consequences in water safety.

Turkish journal of urology, 2018

as a promising alternative to treat urinary tract infection due to multidrug resistant uropathogens.

Annals of surgical oncology, Jan 2, 2018

Two prospective, randomized trials, TARGIT-A and ELIOT, have shown intraoperative radiation thera... more Two prospective, randomized trials, TARGIT-A and ELIOT, have shown intraoperative radiation therapy to be a safe alternative, with a low-risk of local recurrence, compared with whole breast radiation therapy, following breast-conserving surgery, for selected low-risk patients. We report the first 1000 tumors treated with this modality at our facility. A total of 1000 distinct breast cancers in 984 patients (16 bilateral) were treated with breast conserving surgery and X-ray IORT from June 2010 to August 2017. Patients were enrolled in an IORT registry trial. Local recurrence was the primary endpoint. There have been 28 ipsilateral local recurrences, ten DCIS and 18 invasive. Four local recurrences were within the IORT field, 13 outside of the IORT field but within the same quadrant as the index cancer, and 11 were new cancers in different quadrants. There have been four regional nodal recurrences and one distant recurrence. There have been no breast cancer related deaths and 14 non-...

To understand the mechanics of hyperpycnal flow generated from the plunging of small and medium s... more To understand the mechanics of hyperpycnal flow generated from the plunging of small and medium size rivers and how these extreme events affect the transport of terrestrial sediment and how they influence the mixing processes in the coastal ocean.

Journal of Medical Microbiology & Diagnosis

Transit-Oriented Development in the United States Transit-oriented development (TOD) has attracte... more Transit-Oriented Development in the United States Transit-oriented development (TOD) has attracted interest as a tool for promoting smart growth, leveraging economic development, and catering to shifting market demands and lifestyle preferences. This study, based on a combination of stakeholder survey responses, interviews, and in-depth case studies, paints a national portrait of contemporary TOD practice in the United States. TOD is viewed and defined differently throughout the country, with its most common traits being compact, mixeduse development near transit facilities and high-quality walking environments. Joint development is a form of TOD that is often project specific, taking place on, above, or adjacent to transit-agency property. The results of a national survey suggest that the principal aim of TOD and joint development is to boost ridership and, thereby, boost revenue income. Community economic development and broader smart-growth agendas are secondary objectives.

European Journal of Echocardiography

... an important predictive index of the extension of myocardial transmural necrosis in pt with s... more ... an important predictive index of the extension of myocardial transmural necrosis in pt with successful percutaneusly reperfused STEMI ... Tissue Doppler data were analyzed offline using EchoPAC software and isovolumetric acceleration (IVA), peak systolic (s-wave), and e-wave ...

Tropical doctor, 2017

Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular organism which is well recognised for its ability to c... more Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular organism which is well recognised for its ability to cause meningeal infections in neonates, immunosuppressed, debilitated and elderly individuals. (1) Other less common central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by Listeria spp. include rhomboencephalitis, cerebritis and abscesses in the brain, brain stem and spinal cord. The neuroradiological appearance of Listeria brain abscesses is similar to other types and may also mimic primary or metastatic brain tumours. (2 , 3) We report a case of Listeria brain abscesses in a patient who was being treated for atypical parkinsonism. A good clinical outcome was achieved after appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Indian journal of medical microbiology

Archives of pharmacal research, Jan 15, 2017

Colucins A (1) and B (2), new flavonoids and colucone (3), the new chalcone derivative, have been... more Colucins A (1) and B (2), new flavonoids and colucone (3), the new chalcone derivative, have been isolated from the CHCl3-soluble fraction of the whole plant of Colutea armata along with luteolin (4), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside (5), isoliquiritigenin (6), trans-caffeic acid (7) and stigmasterol (8) reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including MS and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive and three Gram negative bacterial strains while 3 was moderately active.

Ecotoxicology (London, England), 2017

The use of antimicrobial compounds is indispensable in many industries, especially drinking water... more The use of antimicrobial compounds is indispensable in many industries, especially drinking water production, to eradicate microorganisms. However, bacterial growth is not unusual in the presence of disinfectant concentrations that would be typically lethal, as bacterial populations can develop resistance. The common metric of population resistance has been based on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), which is based on bacteria lethality. However, sub-lethal concentrations may also select for resistant bacteria due to the differences in bacterial growth rates. This study determined the Minimal Selective Concentrations (MSCs) of bacterial populations exposed to free chlorine and monochloramine, representing a metric that possibly better reflects the selective pressures occurring at lower disinfectant levels than MIC. Pairs of phylogenetically similar bacteria were challenged to a range of concentrations of disinfectants. The MSCs of free chlorine and monochloramine were found...