magdi mussa | Libyan Academy Of Graduate Studies (original) (raw)

Papers by magdi mussa

Research paper thumbnail of Ultrasensitive prostate cancer marker PCA3 detection with impedimetric biosensor based on specific label-free aptamers

Biosensors and bioelectronics. X, Mar 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Adding Silica Fluoroalkylsilane on the Morphology, Mechanical, and Corrosion Resistance Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Coatings

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Adding a Functionalized Fluoroalkyl Silanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Materials proceedings, Oct 30, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a Benzimidazole-Silica-Based Hybrid Sol–Gel Coating with Significant Corrosion Protection on Aluminum Alloys 2024-T3

Engineering proceedings, Oct 15, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical Apta-Sensor

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques on Aluminium Alloy AA2024-T3 Substrates for Sol-Gel Coating

Engineering proceedings, Oct 15, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study on the Effect of Applying Benzimidazole–Ethanol Solution as a Film–Forming Corrosion Inhibitor on the Surface of Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced Performance Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific Aptamer

Eng, Jan 29, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study the effect of adding Oleic acid to reduce the medium diffusion in pores of hybrid silica-based sol-gel coatings

Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental ... more Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental understanding of not only how to produce such exceptional surfaces but also to know how specific surface properties affect coatings pore wettability, for example, morphology and chemical comprehending. Silica-based hybrid coatings as advanced hybrid polymers have been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability with a chance to be functionalised combined with reducing the corrosion of metal substrates. However, research shows that sol-gel only has some limitations in terms of anti-corrosive properties due to the high porosity. Therefore, this work will report the preliminary performance of the diffusion prevention in a silica-based hybrid sol-gel coating that has been enhanced by adding Oleic acid (OA) to the sol-gel formula. The evaluation of the effect of the adsorption mechanism of OA on aluminium alloys surface was studied based upon using infrared analysis (FTIR) as a non-destructive test separately. The chemical confirmation of adding OA to Solgel was done by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and supported by analysing the morphology of the surface by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle test (WCA). Furthermore, the coatings' corrosion performances were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Potential-dynamic polarisation scanning (PDPS). As a result, the Oleic acid-silica-based hybrid coating exhibited exceptional functionalised pore-blocking, hydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties, providing mimicked active protection on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 samples compared to sol-gel-only and non-coated samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Adding Functionalize Fluoroalkylsilanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Research paper thumbnail of Study the Enhancement on Corrosion Protection by Adding PFDTES to Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024-T3 Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solutions

Social Science Research Network, Feb 1, 2021

Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined wi... more Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined with the ability to reduce the corrosion of metal substrates. The sol-gel method is an eco-friendly technique route for producing surface coatings, showing high potential for the replacement of toxic pre-treatment coatings. This study aims to develop a new understanding of the enhancement in corrosion protection of a hybrid-organicinorganic sol-gel coating that cured at (80 o C) by increasing the hydrophobicity and characterized the performance on the aluminium 2024-T3 alloy. The alternative method involved a novel sol-gel was prepared by introducing a1H,1H,2H,2Hperfluorodecyltriethoxy silane (PFDTES) into the base hybrid sol-gel created from tetraethylorthosilicate silane (TEOS) and triethoxymethyl silane (MTMS) precursors. The results of electrochemical testing analyses reveal the new open finite-length diffusion circuit element (O) coming from electrolyte media diffusion preventive by fluorinated groups. Also, it is revealed increases in corrosion protection arising from the increasing the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated sol-gel coating when it compared to other formula cured under similar conditions. Additionally, the modified sol-gel exhibited improved resistance to cracking, while the increased hydrophobicity may also promote self-cleaning.

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced Performance Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific Aptamer

Eng

In the quest for the development of accurate, reliable, and cost-effective biosensing technology ... more In the quest for the development of accurate, reliable, and cost-effective biosensing technology for early diagnostics of prostate cancer, we describe here an electrochemical biosensor combining a simple transducing method of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with an RNA-based aptamer labelled with a methylene blue redox group acting as a highly specific bioreceptor to the prostate cancer biomarker PCA3. A series of DPV measurements on screen-printed gold electrodes is functionalised with a redox-labelled aptamer in solutions (either buffer or synthetic urine) containing PCA3 in a wide range of concentrations from 0.1 picomolar (pM) to 10 nanomolar (nM). In these measurements, the current peak values correlate with the concentration of PCA3 and yield a low detection limit (LDL) of 0.1 pM. Furthermore, the binding kinetics study revealed the high affinity of the aptamer to the target PCA3 with the affinity constants KD of about 3.0 × 10−8 molar. In addition, the AFM study showed t...

Research paper thumbnail of Study on the Effect of Applying Benzimidazole–Ethanol Solution as a Film–Forming Corrosion Inhibitor on the Surface of Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3

Research paper thumbnail of Halo Events in Super High Energy Nuclear Interactions

Aim of study: The sheep breeding sector in Turkey has lost its potential to become a highly compe... more Aim of study: The sheep breeding sector in Turkey has lost its potential to become a highly competitive and efficient sector despite a number of policies being implemented over the years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to empirically evaluate the competitiveness of sheep breeding and the determinants of the technical efficiency of the sector as well as the current impacts of agricultural policies on the performance of the sector. Area of study: Niğde and Aksaray provinces of TR71 region in Turkey. Material and methods: The required primary data were obtained through a face-to-face survey from 110 sheep breeders. Two methodological approaches, namely Stochastic Frontier Analysis and Policy Analysis Matrix, were used. Main results: The support policies caused an inefficiency in allocation of already scarce resources in sheep breeding, but not ensure to increase the competitiveness at both national and international levels. Sheep farms could increase their income by up to 50% without changing the level of input by taking into account the factors that caused inefficiency in sheep breeding. The major determinants that decreased efficiency were current subsidies for sheep breeding, herd size and the excessive utilization of family labour, while the factors that increased the efficiency were sheep race, access to extension services, grazing period and location. Besides, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) value in the efficient farms decreased to 0.88, implying that they had a comparative advantage. Research highlights: Implementation of structural support policies with long term would enhance efficiency of sheep farms and ensure the sustainability and competitiveness of the sector.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Adding Functionalize Fluoroalkylsilanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical Apta-Sensor

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study the effect of adding Oleic acid to reduce the medium diffusion in pores of hybrid silica-based sol-gel coatings

MDPI, Oct 25, 2021

Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental ... more Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental understanding of not only how to produce such exceptional surfaces but also to know how specific surface properties affect coatings pore wettability, for example, morphology and chemical comprehending. Silica-based hybrid coatings as advanced hybrid polymers have been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability with a chance to be functionalised combined with reducing the corrosion of metal substrates. However, research shows that sol-gel only has some limitations in terms of anti-corrosive properties due to the high porosity. Therefore, this work will report the preliminary performance of the diffusion prevention in a silica-based hybrid sol-gel coating that has been enhanced by adding Oleic acid (OA) to the sol-gel formula. The evaluation of the effect of the adsorption mechanism of OA on aluminium alloys surface was studied based upon using infrared analysis (FTIR) as a non-destructive test separately. The chemical confirmation of adding OA to Solgel was done by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and supported by analysing the morphology of the surface by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle test (WCA). Furthermore, the coatings' corrosion performances were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Potential-dynamic polarisation scanning (PDPS). As a result, the Oleic acid-silica-based hybrid coating exhibited exceptional functionalised pore-blocking, hydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties, providing mimicked active protection on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 samples compared to sol-gel-only and non-coated samples.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques on Aluminium Alloy AA2024-T3 Substrates for Sol-Gel Coating

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Study for Implementing a Plant Corrosion Inspection and Maintenance Anomaly and Integrity Management System on the Sabratha Gas Production Offshore Platform in the Mediterranean Sea

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Study the Enhancement on Corrosion Protection by Adding PFDTES to Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024-T3 Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solutions

Abstract— Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability c... more Abstract— Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined with the ability to reduce the corrosion of metal substrates. The sol-gel method is an eco-friendly technique route for producing surface coatings, showing high potential for the replacement of toxic pre-treatment coatings. This study aims to develop a new understanding of the enhancement in corrosion protection of a hybrid-organic- inorganic sol-gel coating that cured at (80C) by increasing the hydrophobicity and characterized the performance on the aluminium 2024-T3 alloy. The alternative method involved a novel sol-gel wasprepared by introducing a 1H,1H,2H,2Hperfluorodecyltriethoxy silane (PFDTES) into the base hybrid sol-gel created from tetraethylorthosilicate silane (TEOS) and triethoxymethyl silane (MTMS) precursors. The results of electrochemical testing analyses reveal the new open finite-length diffusion circuit element (O) coming from electrolyte media diffusion preven...

Research paper thumbnail of Ultrasensitive prostate cancer marker PCA3 detection with impedimetric biosensor based on specific label-free aptamers

Biosensors and bioelectronics. X, Mar 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Adding Silica Fluoroalkylsilane on the Morphology, Mechanical, and Corrosion Resistance Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Coatings

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Adding a Functionalized Fluoroalkyl Silanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Materials proceedings, Oct 30, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a Benzimidazole-Silica-Based Hybrid Sol–Gel Coating with Significant Corrosion Protection on Aluminum Alloys 2024-T3

Engineering proceedings, Oct 15, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical Apta-Sensor

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques on Aluminium Alloy AA2024-T3 Substrates for Sol-Gel Coating

Engineering proceedings, Oct 15, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study on the Effect of Applying Benzimidazole–Ethanol Solution as a Film–Forming Corrosion Inhibitor on the Surface of Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced Performance Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific Aptamer

Eng, Jan 29, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study the effect of adding Oleic acid to reduce the medium diffusion in pores of hybrid silica-based sol-gel coatings

Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental ... more Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental understanding of not only how to produce such exceptional surfaces but also to know how specific surface properties affect coatings pore wettability, for example, morphology and chemical comprehending. Silica-based hybrid coatings as advanced hybrid polymers have been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability with a chance to be functionalised combined with reducing the corrosion of metal substrates. However, research shows that sol-gel only has some limitations in terms of anti-corrosive properties due to the high porosity. Therefore, this work will report the preliminary performance of the diffusion prevention in a silica-based hybrid sol-gel coating that has been enhanced by adding Oleic acid (OA) to the sol-gel formula. The evaluation of the effect of the adsorption mechanism of OA on aluminium alloys surface was studied based upon using infrared analysis (FTIR) as a non-destructive test separately. The chemical confirmation of adding OA to Solgel was done by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and supported by analysing the morphology of the surface by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle test (WCA). Furthermore, the coatings' corrosion performances were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Potential-dynamic polarisation scanning (PDPS). As a result, the Oleic acid-silica-based hybrid coating exhibited exceptional functionalised pore-blocking, hydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties, providing mimicked active protection on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 samples compared to sol-gel-only and non-coated samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Adding Functionalize Fluoroalkylsilanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Research paper thumbnail of Study the Enhancement on Corrosion Protection by Adding PFDTES to Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024-T3 Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solutions

Social Science Research Network, Feb 1, 2021

Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined wi... more Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined with the ability to reduce the corrosion of metal substrates. The sol-gel method is an eco-friendly technique route for producing surface coatings, showing high potential for the replacement of toxic pre-treatment coatings. This study aims to develop a new understanding of the enhancement in corrosion protection of a hybrid-organicinorganic sol-gel coating that cured at (80 o C) by increasing the hydrophobicity and characterized the performance on the aluminium 2024-T3 alloy. The alternative method involved a novel sol-gel was prepared by introducing a1H,1H,2H,2Hperfluorodecyltriethoxy silane (PFDTES) into the base hybrid sol-gel created from tetraethylorthosilicate silane (TEOS) and triethoxymethyl silane (MTMS) precursors. The results of electrochemical testing analyses reveal the new open finite-length diffusion circuit element (O) coming from electrolyte media diffusion preventive by fluorinated groups. Also, it is revealed increases in corrosion protection arising from the increasing the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated sol-gel coating when it compared to other formula cured under similar conditions. Additionally, the modified sol-gel exhibited improved resistance to cracking, while the increased hydrophobicity may also promote self-cleaning.

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced Performance Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific Aptamer

Eng

In the quest for the development of accurate, reliable, and cost-effective biosensing technology ... more In the quest for the development of accurate, reliable, and cost-effective biosensing technology for early diagnostics of prostate cancer, we describe here an electrochemical biosensor combining a simple transducing method of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with an RNA-based aptamer labelled with a methylene blue redox group acting as a highly specific bioreceptor to the prostate cancer biomarker PCA3. A series of DPV measurements on screen-printed gold electrodes is functionalised with a redox-labelled aptamer in solutions (either buffer or synthetic urine) containing PCA3 in a wide range of concentrations from 0.1 picomolar (pM) to 10 nanomolar (nM). In these measurements, the current peak values correlate with the concentration of PCA3 and yield a low detection limit (LDL) of 0.1 pM. Furthermore, the binding kinetics study revealed the high affinity of the aptamer to the target PCA3 with the affinity constants KD of about 3.0 × 10−8 molar. In addition, the AFM study showed t...

Research paper thumbnail of Study on the Effect of Applying Benzimidazole–Ethanol Solution as a Film–Forming Corrosion Inhibitor on the Surface of Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3

Research paper thumbnail of Halo Events in Super High Energy Nuclear Interactions

Aim of study: The sheep breeding sector in Turkey has lost its potential to become a highly compe... more Aim of study: The sheep breeding sector in Turkey has lost its potential to become a highly competitive and efficient sector despite a number of policies being implemented over the years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to empirically evaluate the competitiveness of sheep breeding and the determinants of the technical efficiency of the sector as well as the current impacts of agricultural policies on the performance of the sector. Area of study: Niğde and Aksaray provinces of TR71 region in Turkey. Material and methods: The required primary data were obtained through a face-to-face survey from 110 sheep breeders. Two methodological approaches, namely Stochastic Frontier Analysis and Policy Analysis Matrix, were used. Main results: The support policies caused an inefficiency in allocation of already scarce resources in sheep breeding, but not ensure to increase the competitiveness at both national and international levels. Sheep farms could increase their income by up to 50% without changing the level of input by taking into account the factors that caused inefficiency in sheep breeding. The major determinants that decreased efficiency were current subsidies for sheep breeding, herd size and the excessive utilization of family labour, while the factors that increased the efficiency were sheep race, access to extension services, grazing period and location. Besides, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) value in the efficient farms decreased to 0.88, implying that they had a comparative advantage. Research highlights: Implementation of structural support policies with long term would enhance efficiency of sheep farms and ensure the sustainability and competitiveness of the sector.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Adding Functionalize Fluoroalkylsilanes (PFDTES) into a Novel Silica-Based Hybrid Coating on Corrosion Protection Performance on an Aluminium 2024-t3 Alloy

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical Apta-Sensor

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Study the effect of adding Oleic acid to reduce the medium diffusion in pores of hybrid silica-based sol-gel coatings

MDPI, Oct 25, 2021

Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental ... more Due to the wide-ranging of preservative surfaces applications, there is a need for a fundamental understanding of not only how to produce such exceptional surfaces but also to know how specific surface properties affect coatings pore wettability, for example, morphology and chemical comprehending. Silica-based hybrid coatings as advanced hybrid polymers have been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability with a chance to be functionalised combined with reducing the corrosion of metal substrates. However, research shows that sol-gel only has some limitations in terms of anti-corrosive properties due to the high porosity. Therefore, this work will report the preliminary performance of the diffusion prevention in a silica-based hybrid sol-gel coating that has been enhanced by adding Oleic acid (OA) to the sol-gel formula. The evaluation of the effect of the adsorption mechanism of OA on aluminium alloys surface was studied based upon using infrared analysis (FTIR) as a non-destructive test separately. The chemical confirmation of adding OA to Solgel was done by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and supported by analysing the morphology of the surface by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle test (WCA). Furthermore, the coatings' corrosion performances were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Potential-dynamic polarisation scanning (PDPS). As a result, the Oleic acid-silica-based hybrid coating exhibited exceptional functionalised pore-blocking, hydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties, providing mimicked active protection on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 samples compared to sol-gel-only and non-coated samples.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques on Aluminium Alloy AA2024-T3 Substrates for Sol-Gel Coating

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Study for Implementing a Plant Corrosion Inspection and Maintenance Anomaly and Integrity Management System on the Sabratha Gas Production Offshore Platform in the Mediterranean Sea

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Study the Enhancement on Corrosion Protection by Adding PFDTES to Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024-T3 Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solutions

Abstract— Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability c... more Abstract— Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined with the ability to reduce the corrosion of metal substrates. The sol-gel method is an eco-friendly technique route for producing surface coatings, showing high potential for the replacement of toxic pre-treatment coatings. This study aims to develop a new understanding of the enhancement in corrosion protection of a hybrid-organic- inorganic sol-gel coating that cured at (80C) by increasing the hydrophobicity and characterized the performance on the aluminium 2024-T3 alloy. The alternative method involved a novel sol-gel wasprepared by introducing a 1H,1H,2H,2Hperfluorodecyltriethoxy silane (PFDTES) into the base hybrid sol-gel created from tetraethylorthosilicate silane (TEOS) and triethoxymethyl silane (MTMS) precursors. The results of electrochemical testing analyses reveal the new open finite-length diffusion circuit element (O) coming from electrolyte media diffusion preven...