Dr DANIEL I K E C H U K W U EGU | Madonna University, Nigeria (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr DANIEL I K E C H U K W U EGU
International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science (IJPREMS), 2024
A total of seven new reservoir quality index (RQI) flow correlations were developed from a combin... more A total of seven new reservoir quality index (RQI) flow correlations were developed from a combination of steady,
pseudo-steady and transient state models for improved quality assessment of an under-saturated oil rim reservoir.
Mathematical sensitivity modeling of existing models was done and built with Microsoft excel spreadsheet.
Comparative behavioural pattern of modified steady and pseudo-steady state models are the same with convergent
inversions at end points of results for flow rate, pressure, reservoir thickness, oil viscosity, oil formation volume factor,
wellbore radius with average squared regression of R2 = 0.85. The study shows that the new correlations gave better
reservoir quality assessment in terms of RQI directly from flow rate measurements. The transient effects reversed the
patterns of the steady and pseudo-steady state models. This may perhaps be due to the complexity of the transient flow
equation, presence of time variable, dual permeability variables and reservoir thickness constraint. The study also ranked
steady state models as the best among the seven correlations.
Key words: Reservoir quality index, flow models, characterization, production rates.
International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science (IJPREMS), 2024
Huge financial resources are spent on prevention, control and management thermodynamic gas hydrat... more Huge financial resources are spent on prevention, control and management thermodynamic gas hydrates particularly
during down times. The poor ranking, selection and choice of thermodynamic inhibitor concentrations is a major
challenge due to inadequate prediction of the hydrate depression temperatures necessary to control this problem. The
non availability of much simpler models for quick computation is perhaps the main reason for most technical failures in
the field. The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative ranking sensitivity analysis modeling of some
thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors. The objectives are to develop and predict simple depression temperature equations
as functions of the inhibitor concentrations from the Hammerschimdt and Nielsen-Bucklin equations, to carry out
comparative analysis and predict equations of predicted results in order to understand the behavior of the curve patterns
and to carry out hydrate inhibitor ranking and selection from predicted results in order to improve the choice of selection
for effective performance thereby improving modeling time and quality. The method used involves a total of seven
thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors with a concentration range from 5 to 50 wt%, while mathematical programs and
model predictions were developed with Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Comparative results of all predicted depression
temperature with inhibitor concentrations show that methanol performed better from 5 wt% to 40 wt%. Results of
comprehensive predicted depression temperature model gave π
π» = π. πππππͺ
π + π. πππππͺ βπ. ππππ; with square
regression of πΉ
π = π. π. The predicted inhibitor ranking due to hydrate depression temperature is best from methanol
(MeOH) at 175.872oF; ethanol (EtOH) at 118.0349oF; sodium chloride (NaCl) at 114.4619oF; potassium chloride (KCl)
at 103.5248oF; predicted comprehensive equation at 78.6146oF; calcium chloride (CaCl2) at 76.6799oF; di-ethylene
glycol (DEG) at 68.6595oF; and tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) at 68.3905oF.
Key words: Thermodynamics, inhibitors, hydrates, concentration, depression temperature, ranking.
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
The labyrinthic nugatoric Field is a recently acquired complex marginal oil/gas Field located No... more The labyrinthic nugatoric Field is a recently acquired complex marginal oil/gas Field located
North of Yenegoa in the Niger Delta land area of Southern Nigeria is heavily ridden with numerous
rugosity in production performance leading to adverse down times and serious workover challenges
technically hinged on the magnitude of identifiable subsurface uncertainties which includes reservoir rocks
and fluid properties, reservoir energy, quantity and quality of geological, engineering and geophysical
data, type of simulator and experience and knowledge of evaluator. Materials used for this study are suites
of seismic sections, 5 well logs, a base map, time to depth conversion chart, reservoir data and the
Schlumberger-petrel software which was used for the static, dynamic, deterministic and probabilistic remodeling. Results gave a range of a minimum of 5,198,470.887STB to a maximum of 6,151,196.678STB for
the probabilistic estimates and an average of 5,885,392.06STB for the deterministic estimate. It is however
suggested to use the average estimates with a range of a minimum of 5,388,304.57STB to a maximum of
6,302,868.08STB. A comprehensive detailed analysis of results showed that the estimated STOIIP is
approximately 5.8MMSTB with variations in the values of the low and high cases with estimated population
standard deviations of 2.536 from the estimated deterministic value and a predicted variance of 6.431296.
This means that the sampling mean most likely followed a normal distribution. In this case, the standard
error of the mean Ο_x Μ
; (SEM) gave 1.793. In other to validate the degree of confidence of the modeled
results, the 95% confidence interval results gave 1.960Ο_x Μ
with marginal error of 8.428 Β± 3.515 (Β±41.70%)
and a geometric mean of 8.037406MMSTB. The population standard variance gave 6.431296 and the
sample standard deviation gave 3.58645 while the sample standard variance gave 12.862592. A comparison
of the deterministic and probabilistic methods has provided adequate quality assurance for estimating
hydrocarbon reserves and the two values agree at least for the base cases with appreciable degrees of
confidence. Comparative differences and similarities were deduced from this study.
Keywords- deterministic, probabilistic, uncertainty, model, structures, water saturation, net to gross ratio
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
The drawbacks of effective demographic survey attestation of other parts of the country is incon... more The drawbacks of effective demographic survey attestation of other parts of the country is
inconceivably the regression why more Nigerians continue to rely on cheaper sources of cooking fuels such
as woods, kerosene, charcoal and dung because our government seldom lacks accurate field information,
filtering and prognostic feedback mechanism capacity. This obtrusive conundrum exacerbates the
trepidation of intending flexible LPG consumers. The aim of this abstraction is to carry out a vivid
mathematical prognosticative demographic questionnaire survey report and results of liquefied petroleum
gas (LPG) espousal for cookery in parts of Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria. The objectives are to identify,
plough, illuminate and enumerate latent barriers affecting LPG utilization with emphasis on escalating high
prices and availability by mapping out both users and non-users and to carry out sensitivity analysis of
survey results and perhaps attempt to identify potential market key indicators for possible increased LPG
penetration in the short term.A demographic survey questionnaire was prepared and issued to 50,000
Respondents to excogitate the effects of accessibility, plausibility and adoption of LPG in the study area.
Detailed comparative result circumspection showed that Respondentβs debt owed increased quadratically
with coefficients of -0.034, 1.794 and 14.11 and regression of 0.953, while their monthly fuel consumption
gave coefficient of 0.308, -7.375 and 49.81 with gentrified regression of 1. The major finding of this research
is the verisimilitude of the sensitivity survey results revealing three precocious palpitation potential key
market indicators for possible increased LPG penetration in the short term which includes Respondentβs
debt owed, fuel consumption types/rates and monthly fuel consumption rates. It is approbated that more
ensconced demographic survey reports be illuminated in other parts of Nigeria to boost the current
available data and perhaps squelch consumer trepidations amidst current soaring and unabated price
increases.
Keywords- Liquefied natural gas, adoption, availability, awareness, utilization, survey, affordability
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
- Perspicuous appraisal of total dissolved solids (TDS) for aggrandized elucidation of produced w... more - Perspicuous appraisal of total dissolved solids (TDS) for aggrandized elucidation of produced water
in the petroleum industry is the bane for the failure of most gentrified oil recovery (EOR) designs, cuttingedge formation evaluation/geochemical analysis, and holistic wastewater management programs.
Hesitatingly, the correlations of aqueous systems for determination of electrical conductivity (EC) in the
experimental gravimetric method usually give rise to higher mean standard errors of 15%and above. The aim
of this research is to elucidate sensitivity analysis of both experimental and numerical (or improved OLI
studio correlations) models of electrical conductivity and electrical conductivity with wider concentration
domain for four extreme brine salinity vignette reservoir system located offshore in the Niger Delta, Nigeria.
To achieve this, the multiplier-total dissolve solid (Schlumberger Gen-4) chart was digitized for the following
ions; Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, Cl-, K+, HCO3-, SO42- and CO32- beyond its range from 10ppm to a maximum of
500,000ppm and computer program was developed using Python with burgeoned multiple regression order
of 15 within the OLI studio simulator. These correlations were compared with the concentrated desulphated
sea water (DSW) and aqueous sodium chloride samples at extreme concentrations and stubby EC. The result
shows that the ionic pairing number increases with ionic strength of greater concentrations with increased
15th-order degree polynomial and appreciable R2. Inevitably, the application of aggrandized archetypal
equations to epitomize vacillation of concentration of brines is not only less cumbersome; it is quicker, and
cost-effective, while its comparison with the experimental and published data greatly aided the reduction of
errors (0.53%) even at higher salinity concentrations.
Keywords- Conductivity, produced water, concentration, resistivity, ions and cations, waste.
Water Practice and Technology, 2023
Water borehole failures in Nigeriaβs middle Benue Trough are caused by imprecise aquifer features... more Water borehole failures in Nigeriaβs middle Benue Trough are caused by imprecise aquifer features. This study employed empirical data to understand hydraulic parameters, anticipate regional groundwater potential, and explain borehole failures in difficult
geological locations. 89 VES stations and quantitative data interpretation were required to determine the geoelectric properties
beneath each station. Aquifer layers were delineated and their resistivity and thickness combined using geo-environment
specific relations to yield transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity for both basement complex and sedimentary environments variously. Results show that aquifer resistivity ranges from 4.5 β 984.4 ohm-m; aquifer layer thickness varies from 4.4 m β 96.7 m
with average thicknesses in sedimentary environment considerably greater; hydraulic conductivities range from 0.056 β
30.15 m/day, Transmissivity values range from 0.31 β 1281.36 m2
/day. Log transformed transmissivity values range from
3.51 β 7.1 m2
/day. Approximately 60.34% of the entire study area falls within transmissivity magnitude III and IV and can
only support withdrawals for local water supply adequate for small communities and private consumption only and this may
be the inferred cause for the low yield and high borehole failure rates. Understanding hydraulic characteristics is critical for
6controlling groundwater; research advances knowledge of transmissivity and conductivity in complex terrain.
Key words: basement complex, borehole failure, geoelectric, groundwater, transmissivity
Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology
Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the mist of availability of gas assets as this ... more Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the mist of availability of gas assets as this involves modeling reservoirs accurately. Non availability of good software hinders best results such as obtaining critical gas lift design parameters like appropriate absolute open flow (AOF), skin factor, formation productivity index and the skin factor or even the reservoir pressure. The aim of this work is to design a model to gas lift an oil well in the Niger Delta for improved oil optimization. In other to achieve this aim the following objectives are considered; determine the maximum production rate achievable using gas lift, determine the optimum lift gas injection rate and depth and design the operating and unloading valves. Integrated Production Management (IPM) software was used with data from an oil well in the Niger Delta. Results show that the AOF gave 18026.3STB/day, formation PI gave 10.56STB/day/psi while the skin factor gave a positive value of 2. Pipe correlation used i...
Water Practice & Technology, Nov 22, 2023
Petroleum and Coal Journal, 2023
Methane dexterity and degasification in heavily stratified subsurface water aquifers sandwiched w... more Methane dexterity and degasification in heavily stratified subsurface water aquifers sandwiched with coal seams surreptitiously expedited the recent fire explosion in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria. The verisimilitude is to divulge the non-availability of coal bed methane (CBM) reservoir engineering modeling technology. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the didactic, luminous and effective volubility of CBM reservoir engineering modeling techniques for extrication of the wellbore fire explosion paradox in Enugu state, Nigeria. The Schlumberger Eclipse simulated reservoir has a dimension of 8 Γ8Γ2 with dual porosity of 0.05 and 0.15 located at depths of 1,000ft, 1,200ft and 1,400ft. Results inconceivably showed improvement in coal quality by 72.83% in the y direction indicating increased methane palpitation upsurge in that direction. Results of initial 40% CO2 isotherm fracture gas gave a cumulative maximum field gas pressure (FPR) of 540psi for the 1,400ft model. This indicates higher gas volatility with shallow depths. It is admonished to critically evaluate aquifers in zones deeper than 700ft to forestall future petrifying devastating occurrences triggered by maladroitness.
International Journal of Novel Research and Development (IJNRD), 2023
The estimation of pressure drop for multiphase flow in wells is one of the most complex problems ... more The estimation of pressure drop for multiphase flow in wells is one of the most complex problems in oil field practice. Multiphase flow pressure profile is extremely difficult to analyze. Fortunately, the availability of the computer simulators in the petroleum industry has enhanced the investigation of the multiphase flow problem. In most cases in the petroleum industry, pressure histories of wells used for production analysis is not measured directly at bottom-hole condition, but is calculated from surface measurements by the use of Multiphase Flow Correlations. Five of the best vertical and horizontal correlations were chosen and evaluated in this study; the Hagedorn & Brown, Duns & Ros, Orkiszewski, Beggs & Brill, and Eaton methods. The accuracy of these correlations was determined against measured multiphase flow pressure drop data from 40 wells. A separate main program was written for each pressure loss prediction method, with fluid property correlations handled as subroutines. The programming steps were selected in order to minimize the inaccuracies of average physical prosperities and at the same time, to maintain a reasonably short computation time. Using the proposed computer model in this project, no two methods yielded identical results for a given set of flow conditions. One of the correlations 100% accurately predicted the pressure losses in the wells for both vertical and horizontal flow. Considering the percentage error, the Orkiszewski and Hagedorn & Brown models were superior to Duns and Roas in most flow regions for vertical wells. Beggs & Brill method also perform satisfactorily for horizontal wells in all flow regions, and should therefore be considered as the first choice in such wells, ahead of Eaton et al.
Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST), 2023
Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the midst of the availability of gas assets as ... more Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the midst of the availability of gas assets as this involves modeling reservoirs accurately. Non availability of good software hinders the best results such as obtaining critical gas lift design parameters like appropriate absolute open flow (AOF), skin factor,
formation productivity index, and the skin factor or even the reservoir pressure. This work aims to design a model to gas lift an oil well in the
Niger Delta for improved oil optimization. In other to achieve this aim the following objectives are considered; determine the maximum production
rate achievable using gas lift, determine the optimum lift gas injection rate and depth, and design the operating and unloading valves. Integrated
Production Management (IPM) software was used with data from an oil well in the Niger Delta. Results show that the AOF gave 18026.3STB/day,
formation PI gave 10.56STB/day/psi while the skin factor gave a positive value of 2. The pipe correlation used is Beggs and Brill. The maximum and
minimum gases available are both 15mmscf/day. The water cut is 80%. The use of gas lift is very appropriate when the gas cap is a major source of reservoir energy.
Keywords: Gas lift; Skin; Beggs and Brill; Absolute open flow (AOF); Prosper software
Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 2023
The leading cause of the glaring inexplicable errors in the accuracy of depth to anomaly assessme... more The leading cause of the glaring inexplicable errors in the accuracy of depth to anomaly assessments may be the technical
challenge of the Euler deconvolution method from gravity surveys to perspicuously exhilarate the shape of major granitoid,
tectonic lineaments, and local and regional fault systems without the existence of cogent correlative analytical simulation
tools. That enigma becomes cumbersome with the increased existence of significantly incoherent density contrast between
altered rocks or structures and their host rocks. That erudition aims to conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the
Euler and Werner deconvolution methods for effective depth excogitation of Bouguer anomalies in the Benue Trough, Nigeria. Comparing the previously acquired Werner deconvolution for deep and shallow source data to the detailed and comprehensive results of the Euler deconvolution gave the desired results. The study utilized various filtering techniques to analyze
Bouguer anomalies and develop derivative grids to identify distinct subsurface features, such as sedimentary formations,
alluvial deposit zones, and regions with high- and low-density rock minerals. Results of the comparative analysis of Euler
and Werner deep source gave a minimum of 7.17 km for block 8 and a maximum of 19.8 km for block 15 for Euler. It gave
a minimum of 6.89 km for block 9 and a maximum of 21.4 km for block 15. The deep source trend result gave a relatively
stable deep source signal from blocks 1 to 9; while there was inconsistency for blocks 10 and 11, then with a sudden increase
in signal strength. This inconsistency is perhaps due to the complexity of the anomaly and inconsistency detected using both
methods for depth resolution. Observations showed a similar trend for shallow source results. Suggestions showed that the
region has potential for hydrocarbon and economic mineral exploration, making it attractive for further geologic studies.
Future gravity simulators should have multiple deconvolution windows to improve modeling accuracy. That can have valuable implications for Nigeria's oil and gas industry and other regions with similar geological characteristics.
Keywords Bouguer anomalies Β· Deconvolution Β· Source depth analysis Β· Euler Β· Werner
Social Science Research Network, Nov 8, 2019
Day 2 Tue, August 02, 2022, Aug 1, 2022
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018
Deterministic and probabilistic re-evaluation was used in handling predetermined six uncertaintie... more Deterministic and probabilistic re-evaluation was used in handling predetermined six uncertainties in five wells in Isand reservoir. Results of low case (LC) modeled string showed that the I-sand reservoir is severely deformed by faults and this was confirmed with a predicted high case (HC) modeled string. When structure was sensitized at a bulk volume of 10,964STB with porosity of 0.266, water saturation of 0.43 and net to gross ratio (NTG) of 0.75 and initial oil formation volume factor (Boi) of 2.2bbl/stb, the resultant estimated stock tank initial oil in place (STOIIP) gave 5,892,752.65STB or the base case. The corresponding STOIIP for the low and high case are 5,198,470.887STB and 6,451,196.678STB. Results of deterministic analysis shows that the low case results gave a minimum value of 5.20MMSTB for structures and maximum value of 6.2MMSTB for water saturation. High case results revealed a maximum of 6.45MMSTB for structures and a minimum value of 5.69MMSTB for water saturatio...
Day 3 Wed, August 04, 2021, 2021
Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on p... more Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on parametric synergy with reservoir spasmodic acuity. This conundrum leads to inaccurate harbinger of the required number of wells to be drilled for future field development programs from existing production and reservoir data particularly at pressures above the bubble point which is a major sobriety as orchestrated in most recent simulators. The aim of this erudition is to compendiously carry out astute predictive heterodox principles of wellbore aggregates from critical recovery factor parameters for savvy field planning. The main objectives are to glean and develop new propinquities for differential pressures (ΞP), rock compressibilities (Co) and oil formation volume factors (Bo) for predicting the number of wells to be drilled and recovery factors (RF) by equating the simulated results and the theoretical model (Ezekwe, 2010). To elucidate, metaphorize and ruminate new models. Reservoir...
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2019
SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, 2014
Investment and operational planning of gas field development under severe uncertainties in gas re... more Investment and operational planning of gas field development under severe uncertainties in gas reserves poses a major challenge in post parts of Eocene Niger Delta. Such uncertainties include the size of gas in the reservoir, the recovery factor, the required number of wells to be drilled, permeability variations and other criteria. Fekete "FAST" Evolution software was used to run a detailed sensitivity analysis of reservoir properties particularly permeability, in order to determine the number of wells to drill, recovery factor, net present value (NPV) and also the sales of gas produced per well, to effectively ensure maximum hydrocarbon recovery and a good return on investment without posing danger to the reservoir. Results however showed that in terms of recovery factor, scope three had a maximum recovery factor of about 73.61%, in terms of sales gas produced per well. It also had the highest sales gas production of about 10811.5M$, which will yield about 32434.4M$ for ...
Day 3 Wed, August 03, 2022
Cogent prognostic of mellowed wax ubiety temperature of crude oil in the field of study has been ... more Cogent prognostic of mellowed wax ubiety temperature of crude oil in the field of study has been a major challenge the four wells were commissioned in 2002. This may be due to the wrong application of conventional techniques of perhaps non- effective wax inhibitors, pipeline insulations, pipeline cleaning, heating and pigging capacity issues, higher cost maintenance and monitoring. The current wax models have numerous short comings in the estimation of simple modification of complex classical wax models and to accurately describe percentage wax solid weights and solid phase trends at controlled temperatures and pressures. Simulation constraints of available crude oil wax simulators are incapacitated by their inconsistent ability to delineate wax appearance patterns at different temperatures with minute time. Non validation of data used with field data makes wax prediction and management difficult. The aim of this study is to compare laboratory results with simulated wax appearance m...
Day 3 Wed, August 04, 2021, 2021
Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on p... more Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on parametric synergy with reservoir spasmodic acuity. This conundrum leads to inaccurate harbinger of the required number of wells to be drilled for future field development programs from existing production and reservoir data particularly at pressures above the bubble point which is a major sobriety as orchestrated in most recent simulators. The aim of this erudition is to compendiously carry out astute predictive heterodox principles of wellbore aggregates from critical recovery factor parameters for savvy field planning. The main objectives are to glean and develop new propinquities for differential pressures (ΞP), rock compressibilities (Co) and oil formation volume factors (Bo) for predicting the number of wells to be drilled and recovery factors (RF) by equating the simulated results and the theoretical model (Ezekwe, 2010). To elucidate, metaphorize and ruminate new models. Reservoir...
International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science (IJPREMS), 2024
A total of seven new reservoir quality index (RQI) flow correlations were developed from a combin... more A total of seven new reservoir quality index (RQI) flow correlations were developed from a combination of steady,
pseudo-steady and transient state models for improved quality assessment of an under-saturated oil rim reservoir.
Mathematical sensitivity modeling of existing models was done and built with Microsoft excel spreadsheet.
Comparative behavioural pattern of modified steady and pseudo-steady state models are the same with convergent
inversions at end points of results for flow rate, pressure, reservoir thickness, oil viscosity, oil formation volume factor,
wellbore radius with average squared regression of R2 = 0.85. The study shows that the new correlations gave better
reservoir quality assessment in terms of RQI directly from flow rate measurements. The transient effects reversed the
patterns of the steady and pseudo-steady state models. This may perhaps be due to the complexity of the transient flow
equation, presence of time variable, dual permeability variables and reservoir thickness constraint. The study also ranked
steady state models as the best among the seven correlations.
Key words: Reservoir quality index, flow models, characterization, production rates.
International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science (IJPREMS), 2024
Huge financial resources are spent on prevention, control and management thermodynamic gas hydrat... more Huge financial resources are spent on prevention, control and management thermodynamic gas hydrates particularly
during down times. The poor ranking, selection and choice of thermodynamic inhibitor concentrations is a major
challenge due to inadequate prediction of the hydrate depression temperatures necessary to control this problem. The
non availability of much simpler models for quick computation is perhaps the main reason for most technical failures in
the field. The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative ranking sensitivity analysis modeling of some
thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors. The objectives are to develop and predict simple depression temperature equations
as functions of the inhibitor concentrations from the Hammerschimdt and Nielsen-Bucklin equations, to carry out
comparative analysis and predict equations of predicted results in order to understand the behavior of the curve patterns
and to carry out hydrate inhibitor ranking and selection from predicted results in order to improve the choice of selection
for effective performance thereby improving modeling time and quality. The method used involves a total of seven
thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors with a concentration range from 5 to 50 wt%, while mathematical programs and
model predictions were developed with Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Comparative results of all predicted depression
temperature with inhibitor concentrations show that methanol performed better from 5 wt% to 40 wt%. Results of
comprehensive predicted depression temperature model gave π
π» = π. πππππͺ
π + π. πππππͺ βπ. ππππ; with square
regression of πΉ
π = π. π. The predicted inhibitor ranking due to hydrate depression temperature is best from methanol
(MeOH) at 175.872oF; ethanol (EtOH) at 118.0349oF; sodium chloride (NaCl) at 114.4619oF; potassium chloride (KCl)
at 103.5248oF; predicted comprehensive equation at 78.6146oF; calcium chloride (CaCl2) at 76.6799oF; di-ethylene
glycol (DEG) at 68.6595oF; and tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) at 68.3905oF.
Key words: Thermodynamics, inhibitors, hydrates, concentration, depression temperature, ranking.
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
The labyrinthic nugatoric Field is a recently acquired complex marginal oil/gas Field located No... more The labyrinthic nugatoric Field is a recently acquired complex marginal oil/gas Field located
North of Yenegoa in the Niger Delta land area of Southern Nigeria is heavily ridden with numerous
rugosity in production performance leading to adverse down times and serious workover challenges
technically hinged on the magnitude of identifiable subsurface uncertainties which includes reservoir rocks
and fluid properties, reservoir energy, quantity and quality of geological, engineering and geophysical
data, type of simulator and experience and knowledge of evaluator. Materials used for this study are suites
of seismic sections, 5 well logs, a base map, time to depth conversion chart, reservoir data and the
Schlumberger-petrel software which was used for the static, dynamic, deterministic and probabilistic remodeling. Results gave a range of a minimum of 5,198,470.887STB to a maximum of 6,151,196.678STB for
the probabilistic estimates and an average of 5,885,392.06STB for the deterministic estimate. It is however
suggested to use the average estimates with a range of a minimum of 5,388,304.57STB to a maximum of
6,302,868.08STB. A comprehensive detailed analysis of results showed that the estimated STOIIP is
approximately 5.8MMSTB with variations in the values of the low and high cases with estimated population
standard deviations of 2.536 from the estimated deterministic value and a predicted variance of 6.431296.
This means that the sampling mean most likely followed a normal distribution. In this case, the standard
error of the mean Ο_x Μ
; (SEM) gave 1.793. In other to validate the degree of confidence of the modeled
results, the 95% confidence interval results gave 1.960Ο_x Μ
with marginal error of 8.428 Β± 3.515 (Β±41.70%)
and a geometric mean of 8.037406MMSTB. The population standard variance gave 6.431296 and the
sample standard deviation gave 3.58645 while the sample standard variance gave 12.862592. A comparison
of the deterministic and probabilistic methods has provided adequate quality assurance for estimating
hydrocarbon reserves and the two values agree at least for the base cases with appreciable degrees of
confidence. Comparative differences and similarities were deduced from this study.
Keywords- deterministic, probabilistic, uncertainty, model, structures, water saturation, net to gross ratio
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
The drawbacks of effective demographic survey attestation of other parts of the country is incon... more The drawbacks of effective demographic survey attestation of other parts of the country is
inconceivably the regression why more Nigerians continue to rely on cheaper sources of cooking fuels such
as woods, kerosene, charcoal and dung because our government seldom lacks accurate field information,
filtering and prognostic feedback mechanism capacity. This obtrusive conundrum exacerbates the
trepidation of intending flexible LPG consumers. The aim of this abstraction is to carry out a vivid
mathematical prognosticative demographic questionnaire survey report and results of liquefied petroleum
gas (LPG) espousal for cookery in parts of Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria. The objectives are to identify,
plough, illuminate and enumerate latent barriers affecting LPG utilization with emphasis on escalating high
prices and availability by mapping out both users and non-users and to carry out sensitivity analysis of
survey results and perhaps attempt to identify potential market key indicators for possible increased LPG
penetration in the short term.A demographic survey questionnaire was prepared and issued to 50,000
Respondents to excogitate the effects of accessibility, plausibility and adoption of LPG in the study area.
Detailed comparative result circumspection showed that Respondentβs debt owed increased quadratically
with coefficients of -0.034, 1.794 and 14.11 and regression of 0.953, while their monthly fuel consumption
gave coefficient of 0.308, -7.375 and 49.81 with gentrified regression of 1. The major finding of this research
is the verisimilitude of the sensitivity survey results revealing three precocious palpitation potential key
market indicators for possible increased LPG penetration in the short term which includes Respondentβs
debt owed, fuel consumption types/rates and monthly fuel consumption rates. It is approbated that more
ensconced demographic survey reports be illuminated in other parts of Nigeria to boost the current
available data and perhaps squelch consumer trepidations amidst current soaring and unabated price
increases.
Keywords- Liquefied natural gas, adoption, availability, awareness, utilization, survey, affordability
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology (IJSET), 2024
- Perspicuous appraisal of total dissolved solids (TDS) for aggrandized elucidation of produced w... more - Perspicuous appraisal of total dissolved solids (TDS) for aggrandized elucidation of produced water
in the petroleum industry is the bane for the failure of most gentrified oil recovery (EOR) designs, cuttingedge formation evaluation/geochemical analysis, and holistic wastewater management programs.
Hesitatingly, the correlations of aqueous systems for determination of electrical conductivity (EC) in the
experimental gravimetric method usually give rise to higher mean standard errors of 15%and above. The aim
of this research is to elucidate sensitivity analysis of both experimental and numerical (or improved OLI
studio correlations) models of electrical conductivity and electrical conductivity with wider concentration
domain for four extreme brine salinity vignette reservoir system located offshore in the Niger Delta, Nigeria.
To achieve this, the multiplier-total dissolve solid (Schlumberger Gen-4) chart was digitized for the following
ions; Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, Cl-, K+, HCO3-, SO42- and CO32- beyond its range from 10ppm to a maximum of
500,000ppm and computer program was developed using Python with burgeoned multiple regression order
of 15 within the OLI studio simulator. These correlations were compared with the concentrated desulphated
sea water (DSW) and aqueous sodium chloride samples at extreme concentrations and stubby EC. The result
shows that the ionic pairing number increases with ionic strength of greater concentrations with increased
15th-order degree polynomial and appreciable R2. Inevitably, the application of aggrandized archetypal
equations to epitomize vacillation of concentration of brines is not only less cumbersome; it is quicker, and
cost-effective, while its comparison with the experimental and published data greatly aided the reduction of
errors (0.53%) even at higher salinity concentrations.
Keywords- Conductivity, produced water, concentration, resistivity, ions and cations, waste.
Water Practice and Technology, 2023
Water borehole failures in Nigeriaβs middle Benue Trough are caused by imprecise aquifer features... more Water borehole failures in Nigeriaβs middle Benue Trough are caused by imprecise aquifer features. This study employed empirical data to understand hydraulic parameters, anticipate regional groundwater potential, and explain borehole failures in difficult
geological locations. 89 VES stations and quantitative data interpretation were required to determine the geoelectric properties
beneath each station. Aquifer layers were delineated and their resistivity and thickness combined using geo-environment
specific relations to yield transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity for both basement complex and sedimentary environments variously. Results show that aquifer resistivity ranges from 4.5 β 984.4 ohm-m; aquifer layer thickness varies from 4.4 m β 96.7 m
with average thicknesses in sedimentary environment considerably greater; hydraulic conductivities range from 0.056 β
30.15 m/day, Transmissivity values range from 0.31 β 1281.36 m2
/day. Log transformed transmissivity values range from
3.51 β 7.1 m2
/day. Approximately 60.34% of the entire study area falls within transmissivity magnitude III and IV and can
only support withdrawals for local water supply adequate for small communities and private consumption only and this may
be the inferred cause for the low yield and high borehole failure rates. Understanding hydraulic characteristics is critical for
6controlling groundwater; research advances knowledge of transmissivity and conductivity in complex terrain.
Key words: basement complex, borehole failure, geoelectric, groundwater, transmissivity
Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology
Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the mist of availability of gas assets as this ... more Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the mist of availability of gas assets as this involves modeling reservoirs accurately. Non availability of good software hinders best results such as obtaining critical gas lift design parameters like appropriate absolute open flow (AOF), skin factor, formation productivity index and the skin factor or even the reservoir pressure. The aim of this work is to design a model to gas lift an oil well in the Niger Delta for improved oil optimization. In other to achieve this aim the following objectives are considered; determine the maximum production rate achievable using gas lift, determine the optimum lift gas injection rate and depth and design the operating and unloading valves. Integrated Production Management (IPM) software was used with data from an oil well in the Niger Delta. Results show that the AOF gave 18026.3STB/day, formation PI gave 10.56STB/day/psi while the skin factor gave a positive value of 2. Pipe correlation used i...
Water Practice & Technology, Nov 22, 2023
Petroleum and Coal Journal, 2023
Methane dexterity and degasification in heavily stratified subsurface water aquifers sandwiched w... more Methane dexterity and degasification in heavily stratified subsurface water aquifers sandwiched with coal seams surreptitiously expedited the recent fire explosion in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria. The verisimilitude is to divulge the non-availability of coal bed methane (CBM) reservoir engineering modeling technology. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the didactic, luminous and effective volubility of CBM reservoir engineering modeling techniques for extrication of the wellbore fire explosion paradox in Enugu state, Nigeria. The Schlumberger Eclipse simulated reservoir has a dimension of 8 Γ8Γ2 with dual porosity of 0.05 and 0.15 located at depths of 1,000ft, 1,200ft and 1,400ft. Results inconceivably showed improvement in coal quality by 72.83% in the y direction indicating increased methane palpitation upsurge in that direction. Results of initial 40% CO2 isotherm fracture gas gave a cumulative maximum field gas pressure (FPR) of 540psi for the 1,400ft model. This indicates higher gas volatility with shallow depths. It is admonished to critically evaluate aquifers in zones deeper than 700ft to forestall future petrifying devastating occurrences triggered by maladroitness.
International Journal of Novel Research and Development (IJNRD), 2023
The estimation of pressure drop for multiphase flow in wells is one of the most complex problems ... more The estimation of pressure drop for multiphase flow in wells is one of the most complex problems in oil field practice. Multiphase flow pressure profile is extremely difficult to analyze. Fortunately, the availability of the computer simulators in the petroleum industry has enhanced the investigation of the multiphase flow problem. In most cases in the petroleum industry, pressure histories of wells used for production analysis is not measured directly at bottom-hole condition, but is calculated from surface measurements by the use of Multiphase Flow Correlations. Five of the best vertical and horizontal correlations were chosen and evaluated in this study; the Hagedorn & Brown, Duns & Ros, Orkiszewski, Beggs & Brill, and Eaton methods. The accuracy of these correlations was determined against measured multiphase flow pressure drop data from 40 wells. A separate main program was written for each pressure loss prediction method, with fluid property correlations handled as subroutines. The programming steps were selected in order to minimize the inaccuracies of average physical prosperities and at the same time, to maintain a reasonably short computation time. Using the proposed computer model in this project, no two methods yielded identical results for a given set of flow conditions. One of the correlations 100% accurately predicted the pressure losses in the wells for both vertical and horizontal flow. Considering the percentage error, the Orkiszewski and Hagedorn & Brown models were superior to Duns and Roas in most flow regions for vertical wells. Beggs & Brill method also perform satisfactorily for horizontal wells in all flow regions, and should therefore be considered as the first choice in such wells, ahead of Eaton et al.
Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST), 2023
Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the midst of the availability of gas assets as ... more Gas lift optimization is very challenging even in the midst of the availability of gas assets as this involves modeling reservoirs accurately. Non availability of good software hinders the best results such as obtaining critical gas lift design parameters like appropriate absolute open flow (AOF), skin factor,
formation productivity index, and the skin factor or even the reservoir pressure. This work aims to design a model to gas lift an oil well in the
Niger Delta for improved oil optimization. In other to achieve this aim the following objectives are considered; determine the maximum production
rate achievable using gas lift, determine the optimum lift gas injection rate and depth, and design the operating and unloading valves. Integrated
Production Management (IPM) software was used with data from an oil well in the Niger Delta. Results show that the AOF gave 18026.3STB/day,
formation PI gave 10.56STB/day/psi while the skin factor gave a positive value of 2. The pipe correlation used is Beggs and Brill. The maximum and
minimum gases available are both 15mmscf/day. The water cut is 80%. The use of gas lift is very appropriate when the gas cap is a major source of reservoir energy.
Keywords: Gas lift; Skin; Beggs and Brill; Absolute open flow (AOF); Prosper software
Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 2023
The leading cause of the glaring inexplicable errors in the accuracy of depth to anomaly assessme... more The leading cause of the glaring inexplicable errors in the accuracy of depth to anomaly assessments may be the technical
challenge of the Euler deconvolution method from gravity surveys to perspicuously exhilarate the shape of major granitoid,
tectonic lineaments, and local and regional fault systems without the existence of cogent correlative analytical simulation
tools. That enigma becomes cumbersome with the increased existence of significantly incoherent density contrast between
altered rocks or structures and their host rocks. That erudition aims to conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the
Euler and Werner deconvolution methods for effective depth excogitation of Bouguer anomalies in the Benue Trough, Nigeria. Comparing the previously acquired Werner deconvolution for deep and shallow source data to the detailed and comprehensive results of the Euler deconvolution gave the desired results. The study utilized various filtering techniques to analyze
Bouguer anomalies and develop derivative grids to identify distinct subsurface features, such as sedimentary formations,
alluvial deposit zones, and regions with high- and low-density rock minerals. Results of the comparative analysis of Euler
and Werner deep source gave a minimum of 7.17 km for block 8 and a maximum of 19.8 km for block 15 for Euler. It gave
a minimum of 6.89 km for block 9 and a maximum of 21.4 km for block 15. The deep source trend result gave a relatively
stable deep source signal from blocks 1 to 9; while there was inconsistency for blocks 10 and 11, then with a sudden increase
in signal strength. This inconsistency is perhaps due to the complexity of the anomaly and inconsistency detected using both
methods for depth resolution. Observations showed a similar trend for shallow source results. Suggestions showed that the
region has potential for hydrocarbon and economic mineral exploration, making it attractive for further geologic studies.
Future gravity simulators should have multiple deconvolution windows to improve modeling accuracy. That can have valuable implications for Nigeria's oil and gas industry and other regions with similar geological characteristics.
Keywords Bouguer anomalies Β· Deconvolution Β· Source depth analysis Β· Euler Β· Werner
Social Science Research Network, Nov 8, 2019
Day 2 Tue, August 02, 2022, Aug 1, 2022
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018
Deterministic and probabilistic re-evaluation was used in handling predetermined six uncertaintie... more Deterministic and probabilistic re-evaluation was used in handling predetermined six uncertainties in five wells in Isand reservoir. Results of low case (LC) modeled string showed that the I-sand reservoir is severely deformed by faults and this was confirmed with a predicted high case (HC) modeled string. When structure was sensitized at a bulk volume of 10,964STB with porosity of 0.266, water saturation of 0.43 and net to gross ratio (NTG) of 0.75 and initial oil formation volume factor (Boi) of 2.2bbl/stb, the resultant estimated stock tank initial oil in place (STOIIP) gave 5,892,752.65STB or the base case. The corresponding STOIIP for the low and high case are 5,198,470.887STB and 6,451,196.678STB. Results of deterministic analysis shows that the low case results gave a minimum value of 5.20MMSTB for structures and maximum value of 6.2MMSTB for water saturation. High case results revealed a maximum of 6.45MMSTB for structures and a minimum value of 5.69MMSTB for water saturatio...
Day 3 Wed, August 04, 2021, 2021
Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on p... more Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on parametric synergy with reservoir spasmodic acuity. This conundrum leads to inaccurate harbinger of the required number of wells to be drilled for future field development programs from existing production and reservoir data particularly at pressures above the bubble point which is a major sobriety as orchestrated in most recent simulators. The aim of this erudition is to compendiously carry out astute predictive heterodox principles of wellbore aggregates from critical recovery factor parameters for savvy field planning. The main objectives are to glean and develop new propinquities for differential pressures (ΞP), rock compressibilities (Co) and oil formation volume factors (Bo) for predicting the number of wells to be drilled and recovery factors (RF) by equating the simulated results and the theoretical model (Ezekwe, 2010). To elucidate, metaphorize and ruminate new models. Reservoir...
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2019
SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, 2014
Investment and operational planning of gas field development under severe uncertainties in gas re... more Investment and operational planning of gas field development under severe uncertainties in gas reserves poses a major challenge in post parts of Eocene Niger Delta. Such uncertainties include the size of gas in the reservoir, the recovery factor, the required number of wells to be drilled, permeability variations and other criteria. Fekete "FAST" Evolution software was used to run a detailed sensitivity analysis of reservoir properties particularly permeability, in order to determine the number of wells to drill, recovery factor, net present value (NPV) and also the sales of gas produced per well, to effectively ensure maximum hydrocarbon recovery and a good return on investment without posing danger to the reservoir. Results however showed that in terms of recovery factor, scope three had a maximum recovery factor of about 73.61%, in terms of sales gas produced per well. It also had the highest sales gas production of about 10811.5M$, which will yield about 32434.4M$ for ...
Day 3 Wed, August 03, 2022
Cogent prognostic of mellowed wax ubiety temperature of crude oil in the field of study has been ... more Cogent prognostic of mellowed wax ubiety temperature of crude oil in the field of study has been a major challenge the four wells were commissioned in 2002. This may be due to the wrong application of conventional techniques of perhaps non- effective wax inhibitors, pipeline insulations, pipeline cleaning, heating and pigging capacity issues, higher cost maintenance and monitoring. The current wax models have numerous short comings in the estimation of simple modification of complex classical wax models and to accurately describe percentage wax solid weights and solid phase trends at controlled temperatures and pressures. Simulation constraints of available crude oil wax simulators are incapacitated by their inconsistent ability to delineate wax appearance patterns at different temperatures with minute time. Non validation of data used with field data makes wax prediction and management difficult. The aim of this study is to compare laboratory results with simulated wax appearance m...
Day 3 Wed, August 04, 2021, 2021
Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on p... more Puissant field planning is increasingly becoming a sophisticated quandary with less emphasis on parametric synergy with reservoir spasmodic acuity. This conundrum leads to inaccurate harbinger of the required number of wells to be drilled for future field development programs from existing production and reservoir data particularly at pressures above the bubble point which is a major sobriety as orchestrated in most recent simulators. The aim of this erudition is to compendiously carry out astute predictive heterodox principles of wellbore aggregates from critical recovery factor parameters for savvy field planning. The main objectives are to glean and develop new propinquities for differential pressures (ΞP), rock compressibilities (Co) and oil formation volume factors (Bo) for predicting the number of wells to be drilled and recovery factors (RF) by equating the simulated results and the theoretical model (Ezekwe, 2010). To elucidate, metaphorize and ruminate new models. Reservoir...