April Roslani | University of Malaya, Malaysia (original) (raw)

Papers by April Roslani

Research paper thumbnail of ALEXIS O-Ring wound retractor vs conventional wound protection for the prevention of surgical site infections in colorectal resections1

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota organization is a distinct feature of proximal colorectal cancers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Colonoscopic prioritization in colorectal carcinoma screening using quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood test: a pilot study

The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2013

Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) improves outcomes and reduces its incidence. However, popul... more Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) improves outcomes and reduces its incidence. However, population-based screening in Malaysia continues to be a challenge, in view of cost and limited availability of colonoscopic skills and facilities. Conventional qualitative faecal occult blood tests help to prioritize those who require earlier colonoscopies, but cannot distinguish between benign and malignant causes. Recently, quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood tests (qFOBT) have demonstrated some discriminatory ability in distinguishing benign and malignant causes. We aim to assess feasibility of qFOBT as a tool for stratification of colonoscopic priority in asymptomatic patients. A health awareness exhibition was held in a major shopping complex in Kuala Lumpur on 6 and 7 Feb 2010. All asymptomatic individuals> 40 years, and those < 40 with family history of CRC, were invited to participate. Eligible participants were given a questionnaire and screened using a qFOBT. A fa...

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for colorectal neoplasias with fecal occult blood tests: false-positive impact of non-dietary restriction

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2012

Screening for colorectal cancer using guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT) is well estab... more Screening for colorectal cancer using guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT) is well established in Western populations, but is hampered by poor patient compliance due to the imposed dietary restrictions. Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) do not require dietary restriction, but are more expensive than gFOBT and therefore restrict its use in developing countries in Asia. However, Asian diets being low in meat content may not require diet restriction for gFOBT to achieve equivalent results. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the validity and suitability of gFOBT and FIT or a combination of the two in screening for colorectal neoplasias without prior dietary restriction in an Asian population. Patients referred to the Endoscopic Unit for colonoscopy were recruited for the study. Stool samples were collected prior to bowel preparation, and tested for occult blood with both gFOBT and FIT. Dietary restriction was not imposed. To assess the validity of either tes...

Research paper thumbnail of Sociodemographic Predictors of Recall and Recognition of Colorectal Cancer Symptoms and Anticipated Delay in Help-Seeking in a Multiethnic Asian Population

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Pair-wise comparison analysis of differential expression of mRNAs in early and advanced stage primary colorectal adenocarcinomas

Research paper thumbnail of Association between EGF and VEGF functional polymorphisms and sporadic colorectal cancer in the Malaysian population

Genetics and Molecular Research, 2014

Growth factors are polypeptides that are critical for the initiation, progression, and metastasis... more Growth factors are polypeptides that are critical for the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Most tumor cells are capable of synthesizing particular growth factors leading to constitutive pathway activation in these cells through autocrine signaling. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogenic peptide that exerts direct effects on the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells in carcinogenesis. By contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is vital for the invasion and metastasis of neoplasms through the formation of new blood vessels from mature endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the association between functional polymorphisms of both the EGF and VEGF genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. A total of 130 CRC patients and 212 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. Genotyping of genetic variants was conducted via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with allele-specific TaqMan probes. None of the genotypes of the EGF +61 A&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;G and VEGF +936 C&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;T variants was significantly associated with CRC susceptibility among the Malaysian subjects evaluated (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.05). The observed frequency distributions of the EGF +61 A&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;G polymorphism genotypes showed ethnic heterogeneity, which was not the case for the VEGF +936 C&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;T genotypes. In conclusion, no positive correlation between these functional polymorphisms and CRC risk was found in this Malaysian population. Studies of the EGF and VEGF genes and CRC susceptibility are scarce, and the results reported thus far differ from one population to another. Hence, more replication studies are warranted before any firm conclusions can be made.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of faecal incontinence and its related factors among patients in a Malaysian academic setting

BMC Gastroenterology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a risk score to stratify symptomatic adults referred for colonoscopy

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2014

With an increasing burden on overstretched colonoscopy services, a simple risk score for signific... more With an increasing burden on overstretched colonoscopy services, a simple risk score for significant pathology in symptomatic patients may aid in the prioritization of patients. A derivative study of a risk score model for colonic neoplasia (colorectal carcinoma [CRC] and advanced adenoma) and CRC alone was conducted in symptomatic adults referred for an index colonoscopy. The accuracy of the final model was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic. A total of 1013 subjects (mean age 59.9 ± 13.7 years, 52.3% females) from a multi-ethnic Asian background (Chinese 56%, Malay 20.4%, Indian 21.5%) were recruited. Colonic neoplasia and CRC were identified in 175 (17.3%) and 114 (11.3%) cases, respectively. Risk scores were assigned to individual factors identified in a logistic regression model of both demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, smoking history, Aspirin use) and clinical symptoms (change in bowel habit, bloody stool, weight loss, appetite loss, lethargy). The risk score for each patient was the sum of their individual risk factors. The AUC of the risk score for colonic neoplasia and CRC was 0.76 (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic of P = 0.745) and 0.83 (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic of P = 0.982), respectively. A simple risk score for colonic neoplasia and CRC may be able to prioritize colonoscopy referrals in symptomatic subjects from a multi-ethnic background. A further study to validate this scoring system is required.

Research paper thumbnail of Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Reviews, 1996

This is a reprint of a Cochrane protocol, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration a... more This is a reprint of a Cochrane protocol, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 12 http://www.thecochranelibrary.com ... Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Protocol) Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley &amp;amp;amp; Sons, Ltd. ... Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Protocol) Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley &amp;amp;amp; Sons, Ltd. ... [Intervention Protocol] Closed versus open ...

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota organization is a distinct feature of proximal colorectal cancers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Descriptive epidemiology of colorectal cancer in University Malaya Medical Centre, 2001 to 2010

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2014

Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. Nevertheless, there is little i... more Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. Nevertheless, there is little information on treatment and outcomes nationally. We aimed to determine the demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of colorectal cancer patients treated at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) as part of a larger project on survival and quality of life outcomes. Medical records of 1,212 patients undergoing treatment in UMMC between January 2001 and December 2010 were reviewed. A retrospective-prospective cohort study design was used. Research tools included the National Cancer Patient Registration form. Statistical analysis included means, standard deviations (SD), proportions, chi square, t-test/ ANOVA. P-value significance was set at 0.05. The male: female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age was 62.1 (SD12.4) years. Patients were predominantly Chinese (67%), then Malays (18%), Indians (13%) and others (2%). Malays were younger than Chinese and Indians (mean age 57 versus 6...

Research paper thumbnail of Locally advanced anourological verrucous carcinoma: a multidisciplinary approach

Techniques in Coloproctology, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Cholesterol Atheroembolism of the Colon can Mimic the Endoscopic Features of Pseudomembranous Colitis

Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques, 2008

The endoscopic features of cholesterol atheroembolism affecting the colon have not been extensive... more The endoscopic features of cholesterol atheroembolism affecting the colon have not been extensively described in the literature, owing to the rarity of this entity. We report a middle-aged man who presented with hematochezia after recent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Colonoscopy revealed ulcerative skip lesions with overlying slough resembling pseudomembranes distal to the transverse colon, inconsistent with the initial clinical impression of ischemic colitis. As a consequence of continued bleeding with hemodynamic instability, the patient underwent an extended low anterior resection with end transverse colostomy. Histology revealed cholesterol atheroembolism resulting in patchy ischemic ulceration of the colon. Colonic cholesterol atheroembolism can mimic the endoscopic features of pseudomembranous colitis.

Research paper thumbnail of Advantage of using colonic washouts for Blastocystis detection in colorectal cancer patients

Parasites & Vectors, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of NOD2/CARD15 variants in Malaysian patients with sporadic colorectal cancer

Genetics and Molecular Research, 2014

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in both developed and developin... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in both developed and developing countries. This disease is triggered by and progresses via the sequential accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. In addition, the interaction between low-penetrance genes and environmental factors can also increase the risk of developing CRC. Since inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are one of the predisposing factors for CRC, IBD-related genes might, to a certain extent, be associated with cancer initiation. The nucleotide oligomerization domain 2/caspase activating recruitment domain 15 gene (NOD2/CARD15) is the most well-established gene to be associated with increased susceptibility to Crohn&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease. Thus, various studies have been performed to investigate the potential contribution of this gene to CRC risk. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of the Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, 3020insC, Pro268Ser, and JW1 variants of NOD2/CARD15, and to investigate their association with CRC susceptibility. A total of 130 CRC patients and 212 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Subsequently, real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan was performed for the genotyping of these NOD2/ CARD15 variants. None of the NOD2/CARD15 variants was statistically associated to CRC susceptibility in our Malaysian population. Our findings were remarkably similar to those of other Asian cohorts, which indicated that these NOD2/CARD15 variants exhibit genetic heterogeneity between Caucasian and Asian populations.

Research paper thumbnail of Health-related quality of life among colorectal cancer patients in Malaysia: a study protocol

Research paper thumbnail of Psychometric properties of the self-report Malay version of the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL ) 4.0 Generic Core Scales among multiethnic Malaysian adolescents

Journal of Child Health Care, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of ALEXIS O-Ring wound retractor vs conventional wound protection for the prevention of surgical site infections in colorectal resections1

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota organization is a distinct feature of proximal colorectal cancers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Colonoscopic prioritization in colorectal carcinoma screening using quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood test: a pilot study

The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2013

Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) improves outcomes and reduces its incidence. However, popul... more Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) improves outcomes and reduces its incidence. However, population-based screening in Malaysia continues to be a challenge, in view of cost and limited availability of colonoscopic skills and facilities. Conventional qualitative faecal occult blood tests help to prioritize those who require earlier colonoscopies, but cannot distinguish between benign and malignant causes. Recently, quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood tests (qFOBT) have demonstrated some discriminatory ability in distinguishing benign and malignant causes. We aim to assess feasibility of qFOBT as a tool for stratification of colonoscopic priority in asymptomatic patients. A health awareness exhibition was held in a major shopping complex in Kuala Lumpur on 6 and 7 Feb 2010. All asymptomatic individuals> 40 years, and those < 40 with family history of CRC, were invited to participate. Eligible participants were given a questionnaire and screened using a qFOBT. A fa...

Research paper thumbnail of Screening for colorectal neoplasias with fecal occult blood tests: false-positive impact of non-dietary restriction

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2012

Screening for colorectal cancer using guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT) is well estab... more Screening for colorectal cancer using guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT) is well established in Western populations, but is hampered by poor patient compliance due to the imposed dietary restrictions. Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) do not require dietary restriction, but are more expensive than gFOBT and therefore restrict its use in developing countries in Asia. However, Asian diets being low in meat content may not require diet restriction for gFOBT to achieve equivalent results. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the validity and suitability of gFOBT and FIT or a combination of the two in screening for colorectal neoplasias without prior dietary restriction in an Asian population. Patients referred to the Endoscopic Unit for colonoscopy were recruited for the study. Stool samples were collected prior to bowel preparation, and tested for occult blood with both gFOBT and FIT. Dietary restriction was not imposed. To assess the validity of either tes...

Research paper thumbnail of Sociodemographic Predictors of Recall and Recognition of Colorectal Cancer Symptoms and Anticipated Delay in Help-Seeking in a Multiethnic Asian Population

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Pair-wise comparison analysis of differential expression of mRNAs in early and advanced stage primary colorectal adenocarcinomas

Research paper thumbnail of Association between EGF and VEGF functional polymorphisms and sporadic colorectal cancer in the Malaysian population

Genetics and Molecular Research, 2014

Growth factors are polypeptides that are critical for the initiation, progression, and metastasis... more Growth factors are polypeptides that are critical for the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Most tumor cells are capable of synthesizing particular growth factors leading to constitutive pathway activation in these cells through autocrine signaling. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogenic peptide that exerts direct effects on the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells in carcinogenesis. By contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is vital for the invasion and metastasis of neoplasms through the formation of new blood vessels from mature endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the association between functional polymorphisms of both the EGF and VEGF genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. A total of 130 CRC patients and 212 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. Genotyping of genetic variants was conducted via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with allele-specific TaqMan probes. None of the genotypes of the EGF +61 A&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;G and VEGF +936 C&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;T variants was significantly associated with CRC susceptibility among the Malaysian subjects evaluated (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.05). The observed frequency distributions of the EGF +61 A&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;G polymorphism genotypes showed ethnic heterogeneity, which was not the case for the VEGF +936 C&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;T genotypes. In conclusion, no positive correlation between these functional polymorphisms and CRC risk was found in this Malaysian population. Studies of the EGF and VEGF genes and CRC susceptibility are scarce, and the results reported thus far differ from one population to another. Hence, more replication studies are warranted before any firm conclusions can be made.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of faecal incontinence and its related factors among patients in a Malaysian academic setting

BMC Gastroenterology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a risk score to stratify symptomatic adults referred for colonoscopy

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2014

With an increasing burden on overstretched colonoscopy services, a simple risk score for signific... more With an increasing burden on overstretched colonoscopy services, a simple risk score for significant pathology in symptomatic patients may aid in the prioritization of patients. A derivative study of a risk score model for colonic neoplasia (colorectal carcinoma [CRC] and advanced adenoma) and CRC alone was conducted in symptomatic adults referred for an index colonoscopy. The accuracy of the final model was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic. A total of 1013 subjects (mean age 59.9 ± 13.7 years, 52.3% females) from a multi-ethnic Asian background (Chinese 56%, Malay 20.4%, Indian 21.5%) were recruited. Colonic neoplasia and CRC were identified in 175 (17.3%) and 114 (11.3%) cases, respectively. Risk scores were assigned to individual factors identified in a logistic regression model of both demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, smoking history, Aspirin use) and clinical symptoms (change in bowel habit, bloody stool, weight loss, appetite loss, lethargy). The risk score for each patient was the sum of their individual risk factors. The AUC of the risk score for colonic neoplasia and CRC was 0.76 (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic of P = 0.745) and 0.83 (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic of P = 0.982), respectively. A simple risk score for colonic neoplasia and CRC may be able to prioritize colonoscopy referrals in symptomatic subjects from a multi-ethnic background. A further study to validate this scoring system is required.

Research paper thumbnail of Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Reviews, 1996

This is a reprint of a Cochrane protocol, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration a... more This is a reprint of a Cochrane protocol, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 12 http://www.thecochranelibrary.com ... Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Protocol) Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley &amp;amp;amp; Sons, Ltd. ... Closed versus open approach in laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Protocol) Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley &amp;amp;amp; Sons, Ltd. ... [Intervention Protocol] Closed versus open ...

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota organization is a distinct feature of proximal colorectal cancers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Descriptive epidemiology of colorectal cancer in University Malaya Medical Centre, 2001 to 2010

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2014

Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. Nevertheless, there is little i... more Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. Nevertheless, there is little information on treatment and outcomes nationally. We aimed to determine the demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of colorectal cancer patients treated at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) as part of a larger project on survival and quality of life outcomes. Medical records of 1,212 patients undergoing treatment in UMMC between January 2001 and December 2010 were reviewed. A retrospective-prospective cohort study design was used. Research tools included the National Cancer Patient Registration form. Statistical analysis included means, standard deviations (SD), proportions, chi square, t-test/ ANOVA. P-value significance was set at 0.05. The male: female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age was 62.1 (SD12.4) years. Patients were predominantly Chinese (67%), then Malays (18%), Indians (13%) and others (2%). Malays were younger than Chinese and Indians (mean age 57 versus 6...

Research paper thumbnail of Locally advanced anourological verrucous carcinoma: a multidisciplinary approach

Techniques in Coloproctology, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Cholesterol Atheroembolism of the Colon can Mimic the Endoscopic Features of Pseudomembranous Colitis

Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques, 2008

The endoscopic features of cholesterol atheroembolism affecting the colon have not been extensive... more The endoscopic features of cholesterol atheroembolism affecting the colon have not been extensively described in the literature, owing to the rarity of this entity. We report a middle-aged man who presented with hematochezia after recent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Colonoscopy revealed ulcerative skip lesions with overlying slough resembling pseudomembranes distal to the transverse colon, inconsistent with the initial clinical impression of ischemic colitis. As a consequence of continued bleeding with hemodynamic instability, the patient underwent an extended low anterior resection with end transverse colostomy. Histology revealed cholesterol atheroembolism resulting in patchy ischemic ulceration of the colon. Colonic cholesterol atheroembolism can mimic the endoscopic features of pseudomembranous colitis.

Research paper thumbnail of Advantage of using colonic washouts for Blastocystis detection in colorectal cancer patients

Parasites & Vectors, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of NOD2/CARD15 variants in Malaysian patients with sporadic colorectal cancer

Genetics and Molecular Research, 2014

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in both developed and developin... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in both developed and developing countries. This disease is triggered by and progresses via the sequential accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. In addition, the interaction between low-penetrance genes and environmental factors can also increase the risk of developing CRC. Since inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are one of the predisposing factors for CRC, IBD-related genes might, to a certain extent, be associated with cancer initiation. The nucleotide oligomerization domain 2/caspase activating recruitment domain 15 gene (NOD2/CARD15) is the most well-established gene to be associated with increased susceptibility to Crohn&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease. Thus, various studies have been performed to investigate the potential contribution of this gene to CRC risk. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of the Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, 3020insC, Pro268Ser, and JW1 variants of NOD2/CARD15, and to investigate their association with CRC susceptibility. A total of 130 CRC patients and 212 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Subsequently, real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan was performed for the genotyping of these NOD2/ CARD15 variants. None of the NOD2/CARD15 variants was statistically associated to CRC susceptibility in our Malaysian population. Our findings were remarkably similar to those of other Asian cohorts, which indicated that these NOD2/CARD15 variants exhibit genetic heterogeneity between Caucasian and Asian populations.

Research paper thumbnail of Health-related quality of life among colorectal cancer patients in Malaysia: a study protocol

Research paper thumbnail of Psychometric properties of the self-report Malay version of the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL ) 4.0 Generic Core Scales among multiethnic Malaysian adolescents

Journal of Child Health Care, 2013