Rose Broad | The University of Manchester (original) (raw)
Papers by Rose Broad
European Journal of Criminology
This article draws on narrative interviews with irregular Chinese migrant workers (ICMWs) in the ... more This article draws on narrative interviews with irregular Chinese migrant workers (ICMWs) in the United Kingdom (UK) to show how the UK's immigration policies foster forms of illegal working and labour exploitation that they are supposed to combat. It argues that the binary conceptualisation of ‘forced labour’ as the polar opposite of ‘free labour’ leaves those migrants working without a right to do so at the risk of both criminalisation and exploitation. The article shows how the fear of criminalisation, together with the pressure to become economically successful in the West, among ICMWs diminishes their capacity to leave exploitative work, reinforcing the unequal power relations between them and their employers, landlords, advisers, and translators. Many ICMWs who are officially cast as ‘illegal immigrants’ need protection, not from ‘snakeheads’ and ‘traffickers’, but the exploitative and precarious work UK government policies render them economically reliant upon.
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 2018
The project report is concerned with a three-country project, Estonia, Finland and the UK. It is ... more The project report is concerned with a three-country project, Estonia, Finland and the UK. It is funded by the European Commission AGIS Programme, TheDirectorate General Justice, Freedom and Security. It investigates the issues ofcorruption by organised crime in relation to border controls and immigrationusing as a case study the Finnish-Russian and the Estonian-Russian border. Italso considers the methods of facilitation of people across borders, the role ofcrime groups and networks as well as organised crime and the relationshipbetween illegal facilitation and exploitation in the labour market.
European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 2011
This paper considers the intellectual framework that is used to understand human trafficking and ... more This paper considers the intellectual framework that is used to understand human trafficking and the limitations that it imposes on the criminological study of this phenomenon. First, there is a brief historical perspective which allows for comparisons between current debates and the moral crusades of the Victorian/Edwardian social purists. The contemporary focus on trafficking for sexual exploitation, rooted in Victorian/Edwardian construction has, the authors argue, narrowed the policy remit and the criminological investigation into human trafficking. The paper then proceeds to address the interaction between these enduring (historical) myths, the role of trans-national organised crime and the constraining effects of the contemporary intellectual framework. It is argued that in order to challenge the cyclical nature of the debates, it is necessary to make redundant the use of the term human trafficking and to widen the criminological lens through which we consider the problem. In doing so, we hope to highlight those groups whose experiences are missing or marginalised in the current construction of the problem and urge a reconsideration of the way in which criminology approaches this issue.
Journal of Human Trafficking, 2022
The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misse... more The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misses the empirical realities found in actual cases. “Consent,” “coercion,” and “fraud” are central concepts to legal definitions of human trafficking, yet there is mutual exploitation in some cases and “self-initiation” in others. Both traffickers and victims can be found making unenviable choices between working long hours for low pay in grinding global and local economies where margins are impossibly tight, or participating in illicit, cash-based, businesses. Using interview findings from published studies based on more than 3,500 first-hand accounts from victims and offenders from 22 countries, this article presents a less adversarial picture of human trafficking. The picture presented remains cognizant of the brutality sometimes entailed and the limited protections from threat of violence endured by the exploited, while demanding a more nuanced response from law and policymakers committed to being responsive to the personal, social, and economic dynamics of human trafficking.
Journal of Human Trafficking, 2022
The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misse... more The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misses the empirical realities found in actual cases. “Consent,” “coercion,” and “fraud” are central concepts to legal definitions of human trafficking, yet there is mutual exploitation in some cases and “self-initiation” in others. Both traffickers and victims can be found making unenviable choices between working long hours for low pay in grinding global and local economies where margins are impossibly tight, or participating in illicit, cash-based, businesses. Using interview findings from published studies based on more than 3,500 first-hand accounts from victims and offenders from 22 countries, this article presents a less adversarial picture of human trafficking. The picture presented remains cognizant of the brutality sometimes entailed and the limited protections from threat of violence endured by the exploited, while demanding a more nuanced response from law and policymakers committ...
The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 2019
Focusing on Estonia, Finland, and the United Kingdom, this report presents interim conclusions fr... more Focusing on Estonia, Finland, and the United Kingdom, this report presents interim conclusions from an investigation of corruption by organized crime in the areas of border control and immigration, using a case study of the Finnish-Russian and the Estonian-Russian border.
European Review of Organised Crime, 2018
This article analyses a recent policy shift in the UK towards criminalising corporate failures to... more This article analyses a recent policy shift in the UK towards criminalising corporate failures to prevent serious and organised crimes that occur within their organisational structures and business operations. More specifically, through legal and normative compulsion (variously persuasive), the state has sought to change the behaviour of otherwise non-criminal, commercial enterprises by requiring the implementation of internal procedures and systems considered adequate, or reasonable, enough to prevent serious crimes. In this article we focus on the three phenomena that have emerged most prominently in relation to this policy shift: i. corporate bribery in international business, ii. the facilitation of (transnational) tax noncompliance and iii. modern slavery in supply networks. In relation to these three major social issues, we foreground the failures of corporations, their policies, procedures, cultures and structures, to prevent their employees, subsidiaries and associated perso...
European Journal of Criminology
This article draws on narrative interviews with irregular Chinese migrant workers (ICMWs) in the ... more This article draws on narrative interviews with irregular Chinese migrant workers (ICMWs) in the United Kingdom (UK) to show how the UK's immigration policies foster forms of illegal working and labour exploitation that they are supposed to combat. It argues that the binary conceptualisation of ‘forced labour’ as the polar opposite of ‘free labour’ leaves those migrants working without a right to do so at the risk of both criminalisation and exploitation. The article shows how the fear of criminalisation, together with the pressure to become economically successful in the West, among ICMWs diminishes their capacity to leave exploitative work, reinforcing the unequal power relations between them and their employers, landlords, advisers, and translators. Many ICMWs who are officially cast as ‘illegal immigrants’ need protection, not from ‘snakeheads’ and ‘traffickers’, but the exploitative and precarious work UK government policies render them economically reliant upon.
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
Demystifying Modern Slavery
The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 2018
The project report is concerned with a three-country project, Estonia, Finland and the UK. It is ... more The project report is concerned with a three-country project, Estonia, Finland and the UK. It is funded by the European Commission AGIS Programme, TheDirectorate General Justice, Freedom and Security. It investigates the issues ofcorruption by organised crime in relation to border controls and immigrationusing as a case study the Finnish-Russian and the Estonian-Russian border. Italso considers the methods of facilitation of people across borders, the role ofcrime groups and networks as well as organised crime and the relationshipbetween illegal facilitation and exploitation in the labour market.
European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 2011
This paper considers the intellectual framework that is used to understand human trafficking and ... more This paper considers the intellectual framework that is used to understand human trafficking and the limitations that it imposes on the criminological study of this phenomenon. First, there is a brief historical perspective which allows for comparisons between current debates and the moral crusades of the Victorian/Edwardian social purists. The contemporary focus on trafficking for sexual exploitation, rooted in Victorian/Edwardian construction has, the authors argue, narrowed the policy remit and the criminological investigation into human trafficking. The paper then proceeds to address the interaction between these enduring (historical) myths, the role of trans-national organised crime and the constraining effects of the contemporary intellectual framework. It is argued that in order to challenge the cyclical nature of the debates, it is necessary to make redundant the use of the term human trafficking and to widen the criminological lens through which we consider the problem. In doing so, we hope to highlight those groups whose experiences are missing or marginalised in the current construction of the problem and urge a reconsideration of the way in which criminology approaches this issue.
Journal of Human Trafficking, 2022
The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misse... more The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misses the empirical realities found in actual cases. “Consent,” “coercion,” and “fraud” are central concepts to legal definitions of human trafficking, yet there is mutual exploitation in some cases and “self-initiation” in others. Both traffickers and victims can be found making unenviable choices between working long hours for low pay in grinding global and local economies where margins are impossibly tight, or participating in illicit, cash-based, businesses. Using interview findings from published studies based on more than 3,500 first-hand accounts from victims and offenders from 22 countries, this article presents a less adversarial picture of human trafficking. The picture presented remains cognizant of the brutality sometimes entailed and the limited protections from threat of violence endured by the exploited, while demanding a more nuanced response from law and policymakers committed to being responsive to the personal, social, and economic dynamics of human trafficking.
Journal of Human Trafficking, 2022
The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misse... more The framing of human trafficking as exclusively a problem of victims versus offenders often misses the empirical realities found in actual cases. “Consent,” “coercion,” and “fraud” are central concepts to legal definitions of human trafficking, yet there is mutual exploitation in some cases and “self-initiation” in others. Both traffickers and victims can be found making unenviable choices between working long hours for low pay in grinding global and local economies where margins are impossibly tight, or participating in illicit, cash-based, businesses. Using interview findings from published studies based on more than 3,500 first-hand accounts from victims and offenders from 22 countries, this article presents a less adversarial picture of human trafficking. The picture presented remains cognizant of the brutality sometimes entailed and the limited protections from threat of violence endured by the exploited, while demanding a more nuanced response from law and policymakers committ...
The Palgrave International Handbook of Human Trafficking, 2019
Focusing on Estonia, Finland, and the United Kingdom, this report presents interim conclusions fr... more Focusing on Estonia, Finland, and the United Kingdom, this report presents interim conclusions from an investigation of corruption by organized crime in the areas of border control and immigration, using a case study of the Finnish-Russian and the Estonian-Russian border.
European Review of Organised Crime, 2018
This article analyses a recent policy shift in the UK towards criminalising corporate failures to... more This article analyses a recent policy shift in the UK towards criminalising corporate failures to prevent serious and organised crimes that occur within their organisational structures and business operations. More specifically, through legal and normative compulsion (variously persuasive), the state has sought to change the behaviour of otherwise non-criminal, commercial enterprises by requiring the implementation of internal procedures and systems considered adequate, or reasonable, enough to prevent serious crimes. In this article we focus on the three phenomena that have emerged most prominently in relation to this policy shift: i. corporate bribery in international business, ii. the facilitation of (transnational) tax noncompliance and iii. modern slavery in supply networks. In relation to these three major social issues, we foreground the failures of corporations, their policies, procedures, cultures and structures, to prevent their employees, subsidiaries and associated perso...