Nan Than | Manipal Academy of Higher Education (original) (raw)

Papers by Nan Than

CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, 2017

Problem solving exercise has been used in clinical education of its potential in providing not on... more Problem solving exercise has been used in clinical education of its potential in providing not only to make clinical judgments but also offers an alternative paradigm for accessing the knowledge of medicine. This study describes an overview of problem solving exercise in medical education and its applicability in teaching large groups of students in our medical institution. The main objectives of this study were to assess the student's preference and acceptance of problem solving exercise (PSE) and to compare pre and post knowledge scores. The author reviewed the feedback records responded by third-year medical students after the problem solving exercise sessions during medicine tutorial. Quantitative and qualitative mixed design were used. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software for quantitative method. There is a significant difference of knowledge scores between the pre-test and post-test results after evaluating the outcome of hypertension related case scenario assessment. Qualitative analysis on the reasons showed the strengths and weakness of problem solving exercise program. The results were considered in light of future educational methods that underlies the problem solving exercise and its basic research. We concluded that problem solving exercise is the useful teaching learning method in undergraduate medicine professional which achieved higher knowledge gain, a worthwhile experience in clinical practice.

Dentistry and Medical Research, 2021

Context: In medical education, statistics is part of the core training to enable the students to ... more Context: In medical education, statistics is part of the core training to enable the students to plan, design, analyze, and interpret the experimental data. It is believed that attitudes toward statistics play an important role in learning statistics. Aims: We conducted this study to assess the attitudes toward statistics among undergraduate medical and dentistry students. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was done among 3rd-year medical students and 4th-year dentistry students in a private medical college in Malaysia. Subjects and Methods: We employed purposive sampling and invited the 3rd-year medical students and the 4th-year dentistry students before the commencement of the biostatistics course. A total of 206 students participated in this study. We utilized SATS-36 scale which consisted of 36 items that were divided into six subscales such as affect, cognitive competence, value, difficulty, interest, and effort. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using ...

A prospective observational study of 50 patients wi th inferior wall myocardial infarction in a s... more A prospective observational study of 50 patients wi th inferior wall myocardial infarction in a semi ur ban population in India revealed the risk factors, clin ical symptoms, signs and the complications among middle aged males engaged in agricultural pursuits. The mean age was 47 years. Chest pain was the commonest presenting feature (98%) among the patien ts and the majority was smokers. Two patients developed complete heart block and hypotension and died within 24 hours while one patient died on the 4th day. Targeted smoking causational programme, he alth educational programmes and access to units with facilities for complete haemodynamic monitorin g for selected patients is recommended to reduce the incidence from myocardial infarction and mortal ity from its complications.

Education 3-13, 2018

Knowledge of Medical ethics is mandatory for all healthcare professionals but it is not included ... more Knowledge of Medical ethics is mandatory for all healthcare professionals but it is not included as a part of MBBS curriculum in many medical colleges. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a private medical college in Malaysia to gauge the extent of knowledge, awareness and attitude of undergraduate medical students of different seniority and from different socio-demographic backgrounds, towards medical ethics. A total of 348 undergraduate medical students voluntarily participated in the study. A structured questionnaire including awareness of principles of medical ethics, attitudes towards core values for guidance, attitudes regards to duties of doctors towards patients and attitudes towards learning medical ethics in curriculum, was distributed to the students. Five points Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree) was used to assess the attitudes. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA was used to determine the relationship between soc...

Education 3-13, 2017

The morbidity and mortality of men have risen up significantly. But there is a considerable lack ... more The morbidity and mortality of men have risen up significantly. But there is a considerable lack of awareness among the community as well as healthcare professionals. This survey was conducted to explore the level of knowledge and awareness towards men’s health issues among undergraduate medical students. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016 in a private medical school, Malaysia. A cohort of 85 final year medical students who attended the lecture session on non-communicable diseases participated in the survey. A self-administered questionnaire regarding the definition of men’s health and men’s health issues was completed by the participants. The data were collected and analysed by using Microsoft Excel (2013). Frequency and percentage were calculated for quantitative analysis. Categorisation of codes according to the concepts and emerging themes were used for qualitative analysis. All of the 85 students agreed to take part and returned the completed surveys. Th...

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2020

Introduction: Anger has been defined in many ways from “a negative, phenomenological (or internal... more Introduction: Anger has been defined in many ways from “a negative, phenomenological (or internal) feeling state” to “a basic emotion in which the function is to provide the organism with motivated capacities to overcome obstacles”. Anger has been the subject of many discourses and its vehemence in many religions and cultures. The study aimed to determine the ability of anger management among different gender and factors associated with anger management. Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study. The validated ‘Quality of Life’ questionnaire from University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United Sates of America and Novaco Anger Scale from Mental Health America of Northern Kentucky & Southwest Ohio (WHOQOL-BREF) were used for students’ perception on anger management. Quantitative data were analyzed using Epi Info Version. 7 Software. Results: The total of 358 students participated in this study. There is a significant association between anger management among differen...

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2018

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2017

Asian Journal of Pediatric Research, 2019

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that sometimes lead to devastating neurologic... more Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that sometimes lead to devastating neurological consequence such as kernicterus. Aim: This study was aimed to find out the clinical features and etiology of neonatal jaundice in term newborn admitted to Ratchaburi Hospital. Study Design: Hospital-based retrospective study Methodology: The study was conducted by reviewing 117 medical records of neonatal jaundice who were admitted at Ratchaburi Regional Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand from 1st October 2007 to 30th September 2008. Both the patient’s and their mother’s profiles, etiology and clinical features of jaundice were extracted. Results: The results showed that the most common etiology was inconclusive jaundice (64.9%) followed by ABO incompatibility (17.9%) and breast feeding jaundice (10.2%). Other less common causes were G6PD deficiency, minor blood group incompatibility and cephalhematoma. The onset of the neonatal jaundice usually occurred on the 2nd to the 4th day of life an...

Journal of education and health promotion, 2018

Scientific research not only promotes health and combats diseases of an individual, but also it c... more Scientific research not only promotes health and combats diseases of an individual, but also it can strengthen the effectiveness of health systems. Hence, understanding of scientific methods becomes a crucial component in the medical profession. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and barriers toward research among undergraduate medical and dental students. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 295 undergraduate Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) students from a private medical college in Malaysia. We purposively selected 360 students attending the 3, 4, and 5 year in MBBS course and BDS course in September 2015. A total of 295 students who were willing to provide written informed consent were included in this study. We collected data using a validated, self-administered, structured questionnaire which included 20 questions about knowledge toward scientific research, 21 attitude items in regard t...

Journal of education and health promotion, 2018

Family planning is crucial for everyone within the reproductive age to promote the health and wel... more Family planning is crucial for everyone within the reproductive age to promote the health and welfare of every member of the family. For the medical students, it is essential to have core knowledge, understanding of family planning concept, and competency in communication skills with the patients. The final-year medical students are posted in Maternal and Child Health Clinics for 3 weeks to gain the knowledge and practical experiences on the primary healthcare in the community. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of final-year medical students on family planning services offered at community clinics in Malaysia. This was qualitative study. This qualitative study used the data of the students' reflection written in the case reports on family planning. Coding, identification of subthemes, and themes were done by two researchers independently using RQDA software. Thematic analysis. Final-year medical students who had exposure to the clinical services at primary car...

Journal of family medicine and primary care

Disease surveillance is one of the major components to combat against infectious diseases. As hea... more Disease surveillance is one of the major components to combat against infectious diseases. As health-care professionals are indispensable to mandatory notifiable disease surveillance, their knowledge and attitudes toward infectious disease notification played an important role for timely and effective reporting to the surveillance system. Therefore, we aimed to determine the knowledge of mandatory notifiable infectious diseases in Malaysia and attitude towards infectious disease reporting among final year medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2017 in the private medical college in Malaysia. We purposively selected the final year (semester 10) medical students and a total of 124 students participated in this study. We collected data using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent -test, and one-way analysis of variance. Among the final year medical students, 47.5% had moderate knowled...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2017

Abdominal pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy in which the zygote implanted within the ... more Abdominal pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy in which the zygote implanted within the peritoneal cavity exception at ovaries, fallopian tubes and intra ligament spaces. The diagnosis is challenging and can be missed especially when the imaging facilities are not available in remote areas.A 35 years old, G3P2+0 was admitted to the hospital at 38+2 weeks of pregnancy with the chief complaint of reduced foetal movement for three days. She was taking regular antenatal care with the midwife at the rural health centre and uneventful until 37 weeks of pregnancy. On physical examination, the abdomen was distended, the foetal parts were easily palpable, no visible foetal movement and the foetal heart sound was not audible. Abdominal ultrasound scan identified the term foetus of abdominal pregnancy without foetal cardiac activity. The patient underwent laparotomy and dead, male foetus was extracted uneventfully. The placenta was attached to intestines and mesentery so that which wa...

International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports, 2017

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author HL did substantial contrib... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author HL did substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, drafting the article, revised it critically for important intellectual content, final approval of the version to be published. Authors ALA, NNT, MNNH and HHKS equally managed the analyses of the study, equally contributed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017

Background Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the cystic fibrosis tran... more Background Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene resulting in abnormal regulation of salt and water movement across the membranes. In the liver this leads to focal biliary fibrosis resulting in progressive portal hypertension and end-stage liver disease in some individuals. This can be asymptomatic, but may lead to splenomegaly and hypersplenism, development of varices and variceal bleeding, and ascites; it has negative impact on overall nutritional status and respiratory function in this population. Prognosis is poor once significant portal hypertension is established. The role and outcome of various interventions for managing advanced liver disease (non-malignant end stage disease) in people with cystic fibrosis is currently unidentified. Objectives To review and assess the efficacy of currently available treatment options for preventing and managing advanced liver disease in children and adults with cystic fibrosis. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016

Since 2000, Myanmar migrant population has been dra matically increasing in Thailand. Many migran... more Since 2000, Myanmar migrant population has been dra matically increasing in Thailand. Many migrant people cannot have access to the primary health car e, antenatal care nor family planning services. Thi s study was done to determine the prevalence and dete rminants of contraceptive usage among Myanmar migrant women of reproductive age in Phang-Nga Prov ince, Thailand. A total of 297 married women between 15-49 years old participated in this study. Face to face interview using a questionnaire was done after getting informed consent. The contracept ive prevalence rate was 80.1%, and the most preferred methods of contraception were injected an d oral pills. Marital duration, education and numbe r of living children were found to be significantly a ssociated with usage of contraception. Moreover, th is study highlighted the gap between knowledge and usa ge of contraception among Myanmar migrant married women. It was recommended that government a nd non-government organization should extend their services including supply as well as informat ion to reach to the main need of the Myanmar migran t community.

Protocols, 2013

of findings 2. Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month versus 12,000 IU/month for sickle cell disease Vitamin ... more of findings 2. Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month versus 12,000 IU/month for sickle cell disease Vitamin D 100,000/month versus 12,000/month for sickle cell disease Patient or population: people with sickle cell disease Settings: outpatients, single centre in USA Intervention: vitamin D 100,000 IU/month

The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2012

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is common among HIV-infected patients; its treatment is not ... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is common among HIV-infected patients; its treatment is not affordable in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to compare the morbidity, mortality, immunological and virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) between HIV-infected patients with and without HCV co-infection in a setting where HCV infection is rarely treated. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among HIV-infected patients attending Ramathibodi Hospital between 1998 and 2008. We studied 171 HIV-infected patients 57 with and 114 without HCV co-infection. The mean age of patients was 34.6 years and 67.3% were males. There were no differences in demographics, HIV staging, CD4 counts, ART use and ART regimens between the two groups (p>0.05). All patients who had a CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 or had an AIDS-defining illness during following-up were given ART; these consisted of 84.2% and 88.6% of patients with and without HCV co-infection, respectively. Only 4 o...

CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, 2017

Problem solving exercise has been used in clinical education of its potential in providing not on... more Problem solving exercise has been used in clinical education of its potential in providing not only to make clinical judgments but also offers an alternative paradigm for accessing the knowledge of medicine. This study describes an overview of problem solving exercise in medical education and its applicability in teaching large groups of students in our medical institution. The main objectives of this study were to assess the student's preference and acceptance of problem solving exercise (PSE) and to compare pre and post knowledge scores. The author reviewed the feedback records responded by third-year medical students after the problem solving exercise sessions during medicine tutorial. Quantitative and qualitative mixed design were used. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software for quantitative method. There is a significant difference of knowledge scores between the pre-test and post-test results after evaluating the outcome of hypertension related case scenario assessment. Qualitative analysis on the reasons showed the strengths and weakness of problem solving exercise program. The results were considered in light of future educational methods that underlies the problem solving exercise and its basic research. We concluded that problem solving exercise is the useful teaching learning method in undergraduate medicine professional which achieved higher knowledge gain, a worthwhile experience in clinical practice.

Dentistry and Medical Research, 2021

Context: In medical education, statistics is part of the core training to enable the students to ... more Context: In medical education, statistics is part of the core training to enable the students to plan, design, analyze, and interpret the experimental data. It is believed that attitudes toward statistics play an important role in learning statistics. Aims: We conducted this study to assess the attitudes toward statistics among undergraduate medical and dentistry students. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was done among 3rd-year medical students and 4th-year dentistry students in a private medical college in Malaysia. Subjects and Methods: We employed purposive sampling and invited the 3rd-year medical students and the 4th-year dentistry students before the commencement of the biostatistics course. A total of 206 students participated in this study. We utilized SATS-36 scale which consisted of 36 items that were divided into six subscales such as affect, cognitive competence, value, difficulty, interest, and effort. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using ...

A prospective observational study of 50 patients wi th inferior wall myocardial infarction in a s... more A prospective observational study of 50 patients wi th inferior wall myocardial infarction in a semi ur ban population in India revealed the risk factors, clin ical symptoms, signs and the complications among middle aged males engaged in agricultural pursuits. The mean age was 47 years. Chest pain was the commonest presenting feature (98%) among the patien ts and the majority was smokers. Two patients developed complete heart block and hypotension and died within 24 hours while one patient died on the 4th day. Targeted smoking causational programme, he alth educational programmes and access to units with facilities for complete haemodynamic monitorin g for selected patients is recommended to reduce the incidence from myocardial infarction and mortal ity from its complications.

Education 3-13, 2018

Knowledge of Medical ethics is mandatory for all healthcare professionals but it is not included ... more Knowledge of Medical ethics is mandatory for all healthcare professionals but it is not included as a part of MBBS curriculum in many medical colleges. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a private medical college in Malaysia to gauge the extent of knowledge, awareness and attitude of undergraduate medical students of different seniority and from different socio-demographic backgrounds, towards medical ethics. A total of 348 undergraduate medical students voluntarily participated in the study. A structured questionnaire including awareness of principles of medical ethics, attitudes towards core values for guidance, attitudes regards to duties of doctors towards patients and attitudes towards learning medical ethics in curriculum, was distributed to the students. Five points Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree) was used to assess the attitudes. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA was used to determine the relationship between soc...

Education 3-13, 2017

The morbidity and mortality of men have risen up significantly. But there is a considerable lack ... more The morbidity and mortality of men have risen up significantly. But there is a considerable lack of awareness among the community as well as healthcare professionals. This survey was conducted to explore the level of knowledge and awareness towards men’s health issues among undergraduate medical students. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016 in a private medical school, Malaysia. A cohort of 85 final year medical students who attended the lecture session on non-communicable diseases participated in the survey. A self-administered questionnaire regarding the definition of men’s health and men’s health issues was completed by the participants. The data were collected and analysed by using Microsoft Excel (2013). Frequency and percentage were calculated for quantitative analysis. Categorisation of codes according to the concepts and emerging themes were used for qualitative analysis. All of the 85 students agreed to take part and returned the completed surveys. Th...

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2020

Introduction: Anger has been defined in many ways from “a negative, phenomenological (or internal... more Introduction: Anger has been defined in many ways from “a negative, phenomenological (or internal) feeling state” to “a basic emotion in which the function is to provide the organism with motivated capacities to overcome obstacles”. Anger has been the subject of many discourses and its vehemence in many religions and cultures. The study aimed to determine the ability of anger management among different gender and factors associated with anger management. Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study. The validated ‘Quality of Life’ questionnaire from University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United Sates of America and Novaco Anger Scale from Mental Health America of Northern Kentucky & Southwest Ohio (WHOQOL-BREF) were used for students’ perception on anger management. Quantitative data were analyzed using Epi Info Version. 7 Software. Results: The total of 358 students participated in this study. There is a significant association between anger management among differen...

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2018

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2017

Asian Journal of Pediatric Research, 2019

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that sometimes lead to devastating neurologic... more Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that sometimes lead to devastating neurological consequence such as kernicterus. Aim: This study was aimed to find out the clinical features and etiology of neonatal jaundice in term newborn admitted to Ratchaburi Hospital. Study Design: Hospital-based retrospective study Methodology: The study was conducted by reviewing 117 medical records of neonatal jaundice who were admitted at Ratchaburi Regional Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand from 1st October 2007 to 30th September 2008. Both the patient’s and their mother’s profiles, etiology and clinical features of jaundice were extracted. Results: The results showed that the most common etiology was inconclusive jaundice (64.9%) followed by ABO incompatibility (17.9%) and breast feeding jaundice (10.2%). Other less common causes were G6PD deficiency, minor blood group incompatibility and cephalhematoma. The onset of the neonatal jaundice usually occurred on the 2nd to the 4th day of life an...

Journal of education and health promotion, 2018

Scientific research not only promotes health and combats diseases of an individual, but also it c... more Scientific research not only promotes health and combats diseases of an individual, but also it can strengthen the effectiveness of health systems. Hence, understanding of scientific methods becomes a crucial component in the medical profession. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and barriers toward research among undergraduate medical and dental students. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 295 undergraduate Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) students from a private medical college in Malaysia. We purposively selected 360 students attending the 3, 4, and 5 year in MBBS course and BDS course in September 2015. A total of 295 students who were willing to provide written informed consent were included in this study. We collected data using a validated, self-administered, structured questionnaire which included 20 questions about knowledge toward scientific research, 21 attitude items in regard t...

Journal of education and health promotion, 2018

Family planning is crucial for everyone within the reproductive age to promote the health and wel... more Family planning is crucial for everyone within the reproductive age to promote the health and welfare of every member of the family. For the medical students, it is essential to have core knowledge, understanding of family planning concept, and competency in communication skills with the patients. The final-year medical students are posted in Maternal and Child Health Clinics for 3 weeks to gain the knowledge and practical experiences on the primary healthcare in the community. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of final-year medical students on family planning services offered at community clinics in Malaysia. This was qualitative study. This qualitative study used the data of the students' reflection written in the case reports on family planning. Coding, identification of subthemes, and themes were done by two researchers independently using RQDA software. Thematic analysis. Final-year medical students who had exposure to the clinical services at primary car...

Journal of family medicine and primary care

Disease surveillance is one of the major components to combat against infectious diseases. As hea... more Disease surveillance is one of the major components to combat against infectious diseases. As health-care professionals are indispensable to mandatory notifiable disease surveillance, their knowledge and attitudes toward infectious disease notification played an important role for timely and effective reporting to the surveillance system. Therefore, we aimed to determine the knowledge of mandatory notifiable infectious diseases in Malaysia and attitude towards infectious disease reporting among final year medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2017 in the private medical college in Malaysia. We purposively selected the final year (semester 10) medical students and a total of 124 students participated in this study. We collected data using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent -test, and one-way analysis of variance. Among the final year medical students, 47.5% had moderate knowled...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2017

Abdominal pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy in which the zygote implanted within the ... more Abdominal pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy in which the zygote implanted within the peritoneal cavity exception at ovaries, fallopian tubes and intra ligament spaces. The diagnosis is challenging and can be missed especially when the imaging facilities are not available in remote areas.A 35 years old, G3P2+0 was admitted to the hospital at 38+2 weeks of pregnancy with the chief complaint of reduced foetal movement for three days. She was taking regular antenatal care with the midwife at the rural health centre and uneventful until 37 weeks of pregnancy. On physical examination, the abdomen was distended, the foetal parts were easily palpable, no visible foetal movement and the foetal heart sound was not audible. Abdominal ultrasound scan identified the term foetus of abdominal pregnancy without foetal cardiac activity. The patient underwent laparotomy and dead, male foetus was extracted uneventfully. The placenta was attached to intestines and mesentery so that which wa...

International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports, 2017

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author HL did substantial contrib... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author HL did substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, drafting the article, revised it critically for important intellectual content, final approval of the version to be published. Authors ALA, NNT, MNNH and HHKS equally managed the analyses of the study, equally contributed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017

Background Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the cystic fibrosis tran... more Background Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene resulting in abnormal regulation of salt and water movement across the membranes. In the liver this leads to focal biliary fibrosis resulting in progressive portal hypertension and end-stage liver disease in some individuals. This can be asymptomatic, but may lead to splenomegaly and hypersplenism, development of varices and variceal bleeding, and ascites; it has negative impact on overall nutritional status and respiratory function in this population. Prognosis is poor once significant portal hypertension is established. The role and outcome of various interventions for managing advanced liver disease (non-malignant end stage disease) in people with cystic fibrosis is currently unidentified. Objectives To review and assess the efficacy of currently available treatment options for preventing and managing advanced liver disease in children and adults with cystic fibrosis. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016

Since 2000, Myanmar migrant population has been dra matically increasing in Thailand. Many migran... more Since 2000, Myanmar migrant population has been dra matically increasing in Thailand. Many migrant people cannot have access to the primary health car e, antenatal care nor family planning services. Thi s study was done to determine the prevalence and dete rminants of contraceptive usage among Myanmar migrant women of reproductive age in Phang-Nga Prov ince, Thailand. A total of 297 married women between 15-49 years old participated in this study. Face to face interview using a questionnaire was done after getting informed consent. The contracept ive prevalence rate was 80.1%, and the most preferred methods of contraception were injected an d oral pills. Marital duration, education and numbe r of living children were found to be significantly a ssociated with usage of contraception. Moreover, th is study highlighted the gap between knowledge and usa ge of contraception among Myanmar migrant married women. It was recommended that government a nd non-government organization should extend their services including supply as well as informat ion to reach to the main need of the Myanmar migran t community.

Protocols, 2013

of findings 2. Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month versus 12,000 IU/month for sickle cell disease Vitamin ... more of findings 2. Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month versus 12,000 IU/month for sickle cell disease Vitamin D 100,000/month versus 12,000/month for sickle cell disease Patient or population: people with sickle cell disease Settings: outpatients, single centre in USA Intervention: vitamin D 100,000 IU/month

The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2012

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is common among HIV-infected patients; its treatment is not ... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is common among HIV-infected patients; its treatment is not affordable in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to compare the morbidity, mortality, immunological and virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) between HIV-infected patients with and without HCV co-infection in a setting where HCV infection is rarely treated. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among HIV-infected patients attending Ramathibodi Hospital between 1998 and 2008. We studied 171 HIV-infected patients 57 with and 114 without HCV co-infection. The mean age of patients was 34.6 years and 67.3% were males. There were no differences in demographics, HIV staging, CD4 counts, ART use and ART regimens between the two groups (p>0.05). All patients who had a CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 or had an AIDS-defining illness during following-up were given ART; these consisted of 84.2% and 88.6% of patients with and without HCV co-infection, respectively. Only 4 o...