Amgad Rabie | Mansoura University (original) (raw)
Papers by Amgad Rabie
Mini-reviews in medicinal chemistry/Mini-reviews in medical chemistry, Jun 12, 2024
Chemical Biology & Drug Design, Dec 12, 2023
![Research paper thumbnail of Discovery of 1-(5-bromopyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]urea as a promising anticancer drug via synthesis, characterization, biological screening, and computational studies](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117954507/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Scientific Reports, Dec 19, 2023
American journal of organic chemistry, Apr 1, 2016
A novel series of 5-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triols (3n-z) was designed,... more A novel series of 5-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triols (3n-z) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for its potential antioxidant activities. Structural modifications at position 5 of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffold (linked to a fixed antioxidant 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl moiety at position 2 of the ring) was expected to give new 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives with a wide spectrum of biological antioxidant activities. Undoubted elucidation and full confirmation of the chemical structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were accomplished using the spectroscopical and elemental analyses. The pharmacological screening for evaluation of the antioxidant activity of these new thirteen target 5-substituted-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (3n-z) was done by using two of the most common in vitro antioxidant assays. The results of both assays showed that compounds 3w,s,u (the fumaric, malonic, and citric acids-derived 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, respectively) surprisingly exhibited very high and significant antioxidant activities, and they could be very promising lead and parent compounds for the design and synthesis of new antioxidant agents by further in vivo biological evaluations, structural modifications, and computational studies.
BIOCELL
Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the ... more Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the disease still represents a major concern to the relevant scientific and medical communities. The primary concern of drug scientists, virologists, and other concerned specialists in this respect is to find ready-to-use suitable and potent anticoronaviral therapies that are broadly effective against the different species/strains of the coronaviruses in general, not only against the current and previous coronaviruses (e.g., the recently-appeared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 "SARS-CoV-2"), i.e., effective antiviral agents for treatment and/or prophylaxis of any coronaviral infections, including those of the coming ones from the next species and strains (if any). As an expert in this field, I tried, in this up-to-date perspective "viewpoint" article, to evaluate the suitability and applicability of using the currently-available anticoronaviral agents for the next coronavirus diseases (COVIDs) and coronaviral pandemics, highlighting the most important general guidelines that should be considered in the next pandemics from the therapeutic points of view.
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is responsible for a high morta... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is responsible for a high mortality rate due to its unique and severe host-pathogen interactions. Critically ill or immunocompromised COVID-19 patients are more prone to suffer from aggressive mycoses. Probable victims include those with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic acidosis, prolonged neutropenia, increased ferritin levels, hypoxia, and prolonged hospitalization with/without mechanical ventilators and corticosteroids administration. The current review aims to outline the journey of patients with CAM as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the currently available diagnostic techniques. It also discussed the current status of treatment options and caveats in the management of mucormycosis. Multidisciplinary team, early diagnosis, controlling the predisposing condition(s), complete surgical debridement, effective antifungal therapies (e.g., amphotericin B, isavuconazole, and posaconazole), and i...
Molecular Biotechnology, Jan 24, 2023
Recently, natural and synthetic nitrogenous heterocyclic antivirals topped the scene as first cho... more Recently, natural and synthetic nitrogenous heterocyclic antivirals topped the scene as first choices for the treatment of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and their accompanying disease, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Meanwhile, the mysterious evolution of a new strain of SARS-CoV-2, the Omicron variant and its sublineages, caused a new defiance in the continual COVID-19 battle. Hitting the two principal coronaviral-2 multiplication enzymes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) synchronously using the same ligand is a highly effective novel dual pathway to hinder SARS-CoV-2 reproduction and stop COVID-19 progression irrespective of the SARS-CoV-2 variant type since RdRps and ExoNs are widely conserved among all SARS-CoV-2 strains. Herein, the present computational/biological study screened our previous small libraries of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, searching for the most ideal drug candidates predictably able to efficiently act through this double approach. Theoretical filtration gave rise to three promising antioxidant nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds of the 1,3,4-thiadiazole type, which are CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022. Further experimental evaluation proved for the first time, utilizing the in vitro anti-RdRp/ExoN and anti-SARS-CoV-2 bioassays, that ChloViD2022, CoViTris2022, and Taroxaz-26 could effectively inhibit the replication of the new virulent strains of SARS-CoV-2 with extremely minute in vitro anti-RdRp and anti-SARS-CoV-2 EC 50 values of 0.17 and 0.41 μM for ChloViD2022, 0.21 and 0.69 μM for CoViTris2022, and 0.23 and 0.73 μM for Taroxaz-26, respectively, transcending the anti-COVID-19 drug molnupiravir. The preliminary in silico outcomes greatly supported these biochemical results, proposing that the three molecules potently strike the key catalytic pockets of the SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant) RdRp's and ExoN's vital active sites. Moreover, the idealistic pharmacophoric hallmarks of CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022 molecules relatively make them typical dual-action inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication and proofreading, with their highly flexible structures open for various kinds of chemical derivatization. To cut it short, the present pivotal findings of this comprehensive work disclosed the promising repositioning potentials of the three 2-aminothiadiazoles, CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022, to successfully interfere with the crucial biological interactions of the coronaviral-2 polymerase/exoribonuclease with the four principal RNA nucleotides, and, as a result, cure COVID-19 infection, encouraging us to rapidly start the three drugs' broad preclinical/clinical anti-COVID-19 evaluations.
Advances in Redox Research
Medicinal Chemistry Research
Mysterious evolution of a new strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS... more Mysterious evolution of a new strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the Omicron variant, led to a new challenge in the persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) battle. Objecting the conserved SARS-CoV-2 enzymes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) together using one ligand is a successful new tactic to stop SARS-CoV-2 multiplication and COVID-19 progression. The current comprehensive study investigated most nucleoside analogs (NAs) libraries, searching for the most ideal drug candidates expectedly able to act through this double tactic. Gradual computational filtration afforded six different promising NAs, riboprine/forodesine/tecadenoson/nelarabine/vidarabine/maribavir. Further biological assessment proved that riboprine and forodesine are able to powerfully inhibit the replication of the new virulent strains of SARS-CoV-2 with extremely minute in vitro anti-RdRp and anti-SARS-CoV-2 EC50 values of about ...
ACS Bio & Med Chem Au
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has certainly become a global pandemic. The presence of t... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has certainly become a global pandemic. The presence of the deadly coronavirus pandemic in the world called the necessity to well identify and characterize new drug candidates for addressing the health issues and problems caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This current research aims to find candidate anti-COVID-19 compounds from the natural herbal sources, mainly, strychnine bush (Strychnos lucida), pineapple (Ananas comosus), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) to act as efficient inhibitors and blockers of the coronaviral-2 main protease (Mpro) receptor based on computational molecular docking modeling evaluation (i.e., simulative computational testing). The docking procedures were successfully performed on Mpro using a crystal structure of Mpro in complex with an inhibitor N3, it was downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) database with the code of 6LU7, and it was prepared for small molecule dockin...
Computational Biology and Chemistry
Experimental Eye Research, 1993
Purpose-Intracameral (anterior chamber) injection of antigen inhibits the development of delayed-... more Purpose-Intracameral (anterior chamber) injection of antigen inhibits the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity, a phenomenon known as anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). The authors investigated the effect of intracameral injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRPB) peptides on the development of IFN-γ + and IL-17 + pathogenic T cells. Methods-A uveitogenic (IRBP1-20) or nonuveitogenic (IRBP161-180) peptide was injected into the anterior chamber (AC) of B6 mice. Seven days later, the mice were primed with a pathogenic dose of IRBP1-20 in adjuvant. Thirteen days later, the pathogenic activity of the T cells isolated from the spleens of treated and untreated mice were compared, and the numbers of Th1 and Th17 T cells were assessed by intracellular staining. Regulatory T-cell activity was assessed by antibody staining and functional assays. The authors also compared the effect of inhibition on EAU of ocular injection to various sites, including the AC, the vitreous cavity, and the subretinal space. Results-Intraocular injection of the uveitogenic peptide (IRBP1-20), but not the nonuveitogenic peptide (IRBP161-180), inhibited the generation of IFN-γ + and IL-17 + uveitogenic T cells and the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). AC administration of IRBP1-20, but not IRBP161-180, significantly decreased the number of circulating γδ T cells after subsequent systemic immunization with IRBP1-20. Absence of the γδ T-cell population prohibited the development of ACAID. Conclusions-Injection of a uveitogenic peptide into the AC inhibited the development of EAU by regulation of Th1 and Th17 IRBP-specific T cells. The circulating γδ T-cell population was reduced and was associated with decreased activation of IL-17 + uveitogenic T cells. Antigen injection into the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye, before systemic administration of an immunogenic dose, inhibits the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to the immunizing antigen. 1-9 This immunologic phenomenon has been termed anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). The characteristics of ACAID are the suppression of DTH by antigen-specific CD4 + Th1 cells, the inhibition of priming of
Revista de Chimie
Medicinal chemistry scientists` efforts and trials to discover a very potent anticoronaviral medi... more Medicinal chemistry scientists` efforts and trials to discover a very potent anticoronaviral medicine specifically effective against the current frightening virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are not over yet. Synthetic organic chemistry will remain one of the most important branches in the entire drug discovery science. (E)-N-(4-Cyanobenzylidene)-6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide (Cyanorona-20), a newly-discovered favipiravir analog/ derivative, is one of the promising synthetic organic compounds that displayed very strong nanomolar potencies against this fatal coronavirus, reaching an anticoronaviral-2 EC50 of nearly 450 nM or 0.45 μM. This compound was found to act against the SARS-CoV-2 mainly through the powerful inhibition of the coronaviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), via competitively occupying and locking this enzyme`s major catalytic active site pocket (the suggested primary mechanism of action). Cyanorona-20 is still u...
Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences, 2021
Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial... more Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial factors is confronted with a lack of qualified well-documented measuring instruments covering all important aspects. Aim: To develop and validate a standardized Arabic version of the COPSOQ II for evaluating the psychosocial environment at the oil and gas workplace. Method: COPSOQ network guidelines for validation studies were followed. The original Danish COPSOQ II (Long version) was meticulously translated and comprehensively validated among an adaptation sample of 500 oil and gas industry workers in the Suez Oil Processing Company in Egypt. Only 438 workers completed the questionnaire in Arabic and English languages with demonstrated sociodemographic data (Yielding a response rate of 87.6%). Psychometric properties of COPSOQ II scale items were depicted in terms of descriptive statistics, feasibility analysis, and internal consistency. Furthermore, A-COPSOQ II was tested for factoria...
Mini-reviews in medicinal chemistry/Mini-reviews in medical chemistry, Jun 12, 2024
Chemical Biology & Drug Design, Dec 12, 2023
Scientific Reports, Dec 19, 2023
American journal of organic chemistry, Apr 1, 2016
A novel series of 5-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triols (3n-z) was designed,... more A novel series of 5-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triols (3n-z) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for its potential antioxidant activities. Structural modifications at position 5 of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffold (linked to a fixed antioxidant 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl moiety at position 2 of the ring) was expected to give new 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives with a wide spectrum of biological antioxidant activities. Undoubted elucidation and full confirmation of the chemical structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were accomplished using the spectroscopical and elemental analyses. The pharmacological screening for evaluation of the antioxidant activity of these new thirteen target 5-substituted-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (3n-z) was done by using two of the most common in vitro antioxidant assays. The results of both assays showed that compounds 3w,s,u (the fumaric, malonic, and citric acids-derived 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, respectively) surprisingly exhibited very high and significant antioxidant activities, and they could be very promising lead and parent compounds for the design and synthesis of new antioxidant agents by further in vivo biological evaluations, structural modifications, and computational studies.
BIOCELL
Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the ... more Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the disease still represents a major concern to the relevant scientific and medical communities. The primary concern of drug scientists, virologists, and other concerned specialists in this respect is to find ready-to-use suitable and potent anticoronaviral therapies that are broadly effective against the different species/strains of the coronaviruses in general, not only against the current and previous coronaviruses (e.g., the recently-appeared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 "SARS-CoV-2"), i.e., effective antiviral agents for treatment and/or prophylaxis of any coronaviral infections, including those of the coming ones from the next species and strains (if any). As an expert in this field, I tried, in this up-to-date perspective "viewpoint" article, to evaluate the suitability and applicability of using the currently-available anticoronaviral agents for the next coronavirus diseases (COVIDs) and coronaviral pandemics, highlighting the most important general guidelines that should be considered in the next pandemics from the therapeutic points of view.
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is responsible for a high morta... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is responsible for a high mortality rate due to its unique and severe host-pathogen interactions. Critically ill or immunocompromised COVID-19 patients are more prone to suffer from aggressive mycoses. Probable victims include those with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic acidosis, prolonged neutropenia, increased ferritin levels, hypoxia, and prolonged hospitalization with/without mechanical ventilators and corticosteroids administration. The current review aims to outline the journey of patients with CAM as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the currently available diagnostic techniques. It also discussed the current status of treatment options and caveats in the management of mucormycosis. Multidisciplinary team, early diagnosis, controlling the predisposing condition(s), complete surgical debridement, effective antifungal therapies (e.g., amphotericin B, isavuconazole, and posaconazole), and i...
Molecular Biotechnology, Jan 24, 2023
Recently, natural and synthetic nitrogenous heterocyclic antivirals topped the scene as first cho... more Recently, natural and synthetic nitrogenous heterocyclic antivirals topped the scene as first choices for the treatment of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and their accompanying disease, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Meanwhile, the mysterious evolution of a new strain of SARS-CoV-2, the Omicron variant and its sublineages, caused a new defiance in the continual COVID-19 battle. Hitting the two principal coronaviral-2 multiplication enzymes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) synchronously using the same ligand is a highly effective novel dual pathway to hinder SARS-CoV-2 reproduction and stop COVID-19 progression irrespective of the SARS-CoV-2 variant type since RdRps and ExoNs are widely conserved among all SARS-CoV-2 strains. Herein, the present computational/biological study screened our previous small libraries of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, searching for the most ideal drug candidates predictably able to efficiently act through this double approach. Theoretical filtration gave rise to three promising antioxidant nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds of the 1,3,4-thiadiazole type, which are CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022. Further experimental evaluation proved for the first time, utilizing the in vitro anti-RdRp/ExoN and anti-SARS-CoV-2 bioassays, that ChloViD2022, CoViTris2022, and Taroxaz-26 could effectively inhibit the replication of the new virulent strains of SARS-CoV-2 with extremely minute in vitro anti-RdRp and anti-SARS-CoV-2 EC 50 values of 0.17 and 0.41 μM for ChloViD2022, 0.21 and 0.69 μM for CoViTris2022, and 0.23 and 0.73 μM for Taroxaz-26, respectively, transcending the anti-COVID-19 drug molnupiravir. The preliminary in silico outcomes greatly supported these biochemical results, proposing that the three molecules potently strike the key catalytic pockets of the SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant) RdRp's and ExoN's vital active sites. Moreover, the idealistic pharmacophoric hallmarks of CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022 molecules relatively make them typical dual-action inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication and proofreading, with their highly flexible structures open for various kinds of chemical derivatization. To cut it short, the present pivotal findings of this comprehensive work disclosed the promising repositioning potentials of the three 2-aminothiadiazoles, CoViTris2022, Taroxaz-26, and ChloViD2022, to successfully interfere with the crucial biological interactions of the coronaviral-2 polymerase/exoribonuclease with the four principal RNA nucleotides, and, as a result, cure COVID-19 infection, encouraging us to rapidly start the three drugs' broad preclinical/clinical anti-COVID-19 evaluations.
Advances in Redox Research
Medicinal Chemistry Research
Mysterious evolution of a new strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS... more Mysterious evolution of a new strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the Omicron variant, led to a new challenge in the persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) battle. Objecting the conserved SARS-CoV-2 enzymes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) together using one ligand is a successful new tactic to stop SARS-CoV-2 multiplication and COVID-19 progression. The current comprehensive study investigated most nucleoside analogs (NAs) libraries, searching for the most ideal drug candidates expectedly able to act through this double tactic. Gradual computational filtration afforded six different promising NAs, riboprine/forodesine/tecadenoson/nelarabine/vidarabine/maribavir. Further biological assessment proved that riboprine and forodesine are able to powerfully inhibit the replication of the new virulent strains of SARS-CoV-2 with extremely minute in vitro anti-RdRp and anti-SARS-CoV-2 EC50 values of about ...
ACS Bio & Med Chem Au
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has certainly become a global pandemic. The presence of t... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has certainly become a global pandemic. The presence of the deadly coronavirus pandemic in the world called the necessity to well identify and characterize new drug candidates for addressing the health issues and problems caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This current research aims to find candidate anti-COVID-19 compounds from the natural herbal sources, mainly, strychnine bush (Strychnos lucida), pineapple (Ananas comosus), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) to act as efficient inhibitors and blockers of the coronaviral-2 main protease (Mpro) receptor based on computational molecular docking modeling evaluation (i.e., simulative computational testing). The docking procedures were successfully performed on Mpro using a crystal structure of Mpro in complex with an inhibitor N3, it was downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) database with the code of 6LU7, and it was prepared for small molecule dockin...
Computational Biology and Chemistry
Experimental Eye Research, 1993
Purpose-Intracameral (anterior chamber) injection of antigen inhibits the development of delayed-... more Purpose-Intracameral (anterior chamber) injection of antigen inhibits the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity, a phenomenon known as anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). The authors investigated the effect of intracameral injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRPB) peptides on the development of IFN-γ + and IL-17 + pathogenic T cells. Methods-A uveitogenic (IRBP1-20) or nonuveitogenic (IRBP161-180) peptide was injected into the anterior chamber (AC) of B6 mice. Seven days later, the mice were primed with a pathogenic dose of IRBP1-20 in adjuvant. Thirteen days later, the pathogenic activity of the T cells isolated from the spleens of treated and untreated mice were compared, and the numbers of Th1 and Th17 T cells were assessed by intracellular staining. Regulatory T-cell activity was assessed by antibody staining and functional assays. The authors also compared the effect of inhibition on EAU of ocular injection to various sites, including the AC, the vitreous cavity, and the subretinal space. Results-Intraocular injection of the uveitogenic peptide (IRBP1-20), but not the nonuveitogenic peptide (IRBP161-180), inhibited the generation of IFN-γ + and IL-17 + uveitogenic T cells and the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). AC administration of IRBP1-20, but not IRBP161-180, significantly decreased the number of circulating γδ T cells after subsequent systemic immunization with IRBP1-20. Absence of the γδ T-cell population prohibited the development of ACAID. Conclusions-Injection of a uveitogenic peptide into the AC inhibited the development of EAU by regulation of Th1 and Th17 IRBP-specific T cells. The circulating γδ T-cell population was reduced and was associated with decreased activation of IL-17 + uveitogenic T cells. Antigen injection into the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye, before systemic administration of an immunogenic dose, inhibits the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to the immunizing antigen. 1-9 This immunologic phenomenon has been termed anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). The characteristics of ACAID are the suppression of DTH by antigen-specific CD4 + Th1 cells, the inhibition of priming of
Revista de Chimie
Medicinal chemistry scientists` efforts and trials to discover a very potent anticoronaviral medi... more Medicinal chemistry scientists` efforts and trials to discover a very potent anticoronaviral medicine specifically effective against the current frightening virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are not over yet. Synthetic organic chemistry will remain one of the most important branches in the entire drug discovery science. (E)-N-(4-Cyanobenzylidene)-6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide (Cyanorona-20), a newly-discovered favipiravir analog/ derivative, is one of the promising synthetic organic compounds that displayed very strong nanomolar potencies against this fatal coronavirus, reaching an anticoronaviral-2 EC50 of nearly 450 nM or 0.45 μM. This compound was found to act against the SARS-CoV-2 mainly through the powerful inhibition of the coronaviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), via competitively occupying and locking this enzyme`s major catalytic active site pocket (the suggested primary mechanism of action). Cyanorona-20 is still u...
Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences, 2021
Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial... more Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial factors is confronted with a lack of qualified well-documented measuring instruments covering all important aspects. Aim: To develop and validate a standardized Arabic version of the COPSOQ II for evaluating the psychosocial environment at the oil and gas workplace. Method: COPSOQ network guidelines for validation studies were followed. The original Danish COPSOQ II (Long version) was meticulously translated and comprehensively validated among an adaptation sample of 500 oil and gas industry workers in the Suez Oil Processing Company in Egypt. Only 438 workers completed the questionnaire in Arabic and English languages with demonstrated sociodemographic data (Yielding a response rate of 87.6%). Psychometric properties of COPSOQ II scale items were depicted in terms of descriptive statistics, feasibility analysis, and internal consistency. Furthermore, A-COPSOQ II was tested for factoria...