Unai Diaz-Orueta | Maynooth University (original) (raw)

Papers by Unai Diaz-Orueta

Frontiers in Psychology, Sep 21, 2023

IGI Global eBooks, Feb 7, 2018

Mobile technologies and technological advances in behavioral assessment have found their way in c... more Mobile technologies and technological advances in behavioral assessment have found their way in common healthcare practices. However, there are still few studies about videogame-based interventions to support concrete psychological treatments. While the market for self-help mobile apps is continuously increasing, in most cases, they are a mere digitalization of texts contained in self-help books and do not take advantage of the interactive and playful potential of devices on which they are offered. Nevertheless, a number of health games have been developed for children and adults for a variety of therapeutic purposes. The current chapter provides an overview of the state-of-the-art serious games currently available as psychological interventions across popular delivery formats (virtual reality environments, online and PC videogames). Where available, evidence about their efficacy is reported. These serious games have the potential to complement traditional psychological interventions and improve psychological wellbeing for people of all ages.

International Journal of Aging & Human Development, Dec 8, 2017

Personality traits of older adults and their contribution to life satisfaction and generative int... more Personality traits of older adults and their contribution to life satisfaction and generative interest were assessed. A total of 342 older participants (66% women), mean age ¼ 67.89 years old (SD ¼ 6.52, range ¼ 55-84 years old), who attended the University of the Experience in Salamanca (Spain), were evaluated. Information on sociodemographic data, perceived health and activity, personality traits, generativity, and life satisfaction was collected using self-reported questionnaires. Results confirmed a relation between personality traits, life satisfaction, and generativity. In addition, generative concern, neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness predicted life satisfaction at this stage. Moreover, the role of personality on generativity was confirmed. Individuals with interest and agreeableness The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 0(0) 1-17

Springer eBooks, Oct 12, 2012

Progressive introduction of Assistive Technologies in our society, as a result of several years o... more Progressive introduction of Assistive Technologies in our society, as a result of several years of European funding, has provided many researchers and companies with opportunities to developed new information and communication technologies aimed to overcome the digital divide of those at a greater risk of being left behind, as it can be the case of older people and people with disabilities. The great speed of evolvement of this type of technologies has accelerated the need of adapting the European and country specific legal frameworks in order to ensure the right of access but also the protection of privacy, dignity and integrity of those potential vulnerable users. This chapter addresses the consideration of major ethical principles and the practical implications of these principles when faced with technologies directed to older people in vulnerable conditions such as dementia and in the major domain of their privacy and intimacy, such as their own homes. We present explanatory examples on how these ethical issues can be addressed in the particular case of developing ICTs for older people with dementia at their homes, present examples of good practices performed in the past, and conclude with some remarks that may direct future research in the area.

Psychological Assessment, Aug 1, 2022

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Nov 1, 2019

Background and Objective: The goal was to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in indiv... more Background and Objective: The goal was to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in individuals with different types of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HC), and assess agreement levels between participants and proxies. Materials and Methods: A sample of 136 participants were recruited; thirty-seven with Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (AD), 19 with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), 12 with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), 37 with MCI and 31 HC. HRQoL was measured via the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-12-v2), separately for participants and proxies. Two groups (Individuals with cognitive decline versus healthy controls) were matched for sociodemographic variables. Differences for discrepancy rates between both groups were measured using t-test. Participant and proxy agreements were measured via Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Linear regression analyses were performed to examine what variables explained better the variance observed. Results: Patients with DLB and FTD showed the lowest levels of HRQoL, while AD and HC showed the highest. No statistically significant differences were found between discrepancy scores from cognitive decline groups and healthy controls. ICC indicated high agreement between patients and proxies for the groups with cognitive decline, while agreements achieved in HC were lower and only in physical indices. GDS score accounted for 8.3% of the variance of proxies' rating on Mental Summary Composite Score (MSC). Conclusion: HRQoL physical and mental summaries are more reliable in groups with cognitive decline. Healthy controls and their proxies show lower agreement, with proxies reporting lower levels than normal for some relevant indices.

IGI Global eBooks, Feb 7, 2018

In recent years, it has been assumed that brain may be trained as a muscle (use-it-or-lose-it hyp... more In recent years, it has been assumed that brain may be trained as a muscle (use-it-or-lose-it hypothesis) so the higher amount of cognitively stimulating activities we are involved at, the better the cognitive status will be when we reach the old age. Though this assumption needs to be properly verified with additional scientific evidence, there has been an increasing number of studies on cognitive intervention (training, stimulation, rehabilitation) that have obtained diverse results with regards to their efficacy in maintaining cognitive function over time and transfer their gains to older people's daily life activities and challenges. The current chapter revises latest years of research on cognitive tests and interventions, and incorporates the added value of the latest developments in computerized and virtual-reality based assessment and training tools, to respectively measure and improve cognitive status in older populations. Moreover, key recommendations on how existing tools could be improved will be provided.

Alzheimers & Dementia, Jul 1, 2010

24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respecti... more 24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respectively, were under the BBS cutoff. On the AWS, 13,33% and 33,3% of the early and moderate AD were under the cutoff score. From all the individuals, about 16%, 2 from early and 8 from the moderate AD group, were under AWS and BBS cutoff scores.Conclusions:Gait apraxia and balance disorders might be presented in AD individuals, and seems to be more frequent in the moderate stage. Gait apraxia can be misinterpreted as simply balance disorders. Gait apraxia assessment, such as balance, requires high subjectivity dosages. Gait apraxia diagnosis would be easier if the sensibility index of the AWS could be improved. Despite this is just a conjecture, it seems that frontal involvement has great relation to gait apraxia presence and severity.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Jun 26, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Gerontechnology, Apr 1, 2010

In the not-so-distant past, senior citizens often disappeared from the mainstream activities of s... more In the not-so-distant past, senior citizens often disappeared from the mainstream activities of society. In the EU project VITAL, the aim is to encourage users to go out of home, to travel, to meet other people, to participate in events; in summary to have an active and self-satisfying life that will empower aging citizens to play a full role in society, to increase their autonomy and to realize their potential and finally to improve web usability for digitally disadvantaged persons. Elderly users have special requirements with respect to user interfacing approaches and home delivered services. VITAL proposes the combination of iTV technologies, agent-based services and innovative multimodal interfaces as the best way to overcome the reluctance elderly users show to the introduction of information technology.

Frontiers research topics, 2019

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics... more This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac

HRB Open Research

Background: Dementia research prioritisation allows for the systematic allocation of investment i... more Background: Dementia research prioritisation allows for the systematic allocation of investment in dementia research by governments, funding agencies and the private sector. There is currently a lack of information available in Ireland regarding priority areas for dementia research. To address this gap, a dementia research prioritisation exercise was undertaken, consisting of an online survey of professionals in the dementia field and workshops for people living with dementia and family carers. Methods: (1) An anonymous online survey of professionals, based on an existing WHO global survey: The global survey was adapted to an Irish context and participants were asked to score 65 thematic research avenues under 5 criteria; (2) A mixed-methods exercise for people living with dementia and family carers: This involved two facilitated workshops where participants voted on the research themes they felt were important to them and should be addressed through research. Results: Eight of the ...

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD... more In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming to identify novel behavioral profiles of ADHD based on ecological and performance-based measures of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. One hundred and ten Spanish-speaking participants (6–16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve, n = 57) and typically developing participants (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We performed hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering methods over the whole sample on the normalized t-scores of AULA main indices. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution. We did not replicate ADHD subtypes. Instead, we identified two clusters sharing clinical scores on attention indices, susceptibility to distrac...

Frontiers in Psychology, 2019

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2018

This paper describes the different phases in which information was collected from users within th... more This paper describes the different phases in which information was collected from users within the SRS project, the prioritization procedure used and a list of user requirements for robots supporting frail older users.  The SRS project user study revealed high-level requirements related to physical tasks, cognitive and social support and motorization.  User requirements for service robots also involved privacy, safety and adaptation issues.  A user perspective is necessary in the development of service technologies such as the robotic system proposed.  Future research should focus on the implications of the inclusion of robots in the daily lives of frail older people.

Frontiers in Psychology, 2018

Educational Psychology, as an area of Psychology that specializes in formative processes, faces s... more Educational Psychology, as an area of Psychology that specializes in formative processes, faces several important challenges in the information and knowledge society of this twenty first century. One of these challenges is to facilitate a paradigm shift from a nearly exclusive focus on social science to the scientific-technological approach of a discipline that produces innovation and meaningful transfer of science and technology. The Research, Development, and Innovation (RD & I) value chain means pursuing these three endeavors in both the academic and professional lines of Educational Psychology. It is a strategy of innovation that leads us to integrate academic or research activity (R), research-related or professional scientific-technological development of innovation (D) and transfer and entrepreneurship activity (I). Generating innovation and transfer, applicable to educational contexts, can be an important stimulus of activity for new practicing psychologists in Educational Psychology. The RD & I value chain can become an academic, research-related or professional advantage in different activities, since it pertains to the processes, products and services found in the sphere of Educational Psychology. Several examples of how the RD & I chain can help improve psychoeducational activities are presented. First, we analyze competitive improvements that the RD & I chain can offer in competitive bids. Second, we give examples of the RD & I chain in the development of new processes, products and services in Projects of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Educational Psychology, specifically illustrating the chain in each case. In order for this conception to take shape, a new cross-functional area must be created in professional and educational organizations. Specifically, this means creating an RD & I Department, or some area that branches across the other functions. The mission of this cross-functional unit is the actual implementation of the RD & I chain in the educational organization, as well as an incentive for innovative activities: use of ICT applications, organizational improvement, improved assessment, analysis of information produced by the organization itself, cost-benefit analysis, strategic decision-making processes, and so on.

In the past two decades, the traditional subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD... more In the past two decades, the traditional subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been criticized for having substantial variability in symptom manifestation, clinical course, and treatment response. In the present study, we questioned whether an objective and ecological assessment of attentional control, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, the core symptom domains on which ADHD diagnosis is currently based, could yield similar phenotypic profiles to those defined by DSM-5 criteria. 110 Spanish-speaking children and adolescents (6–16 years) with ADHD (n = 57) and typically developing (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We found that ADHD-Combined and ADHD-Inattentive subtypes exhibited the same performance profile. Then, we applied hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering algorithms to AULA’s main outcome measures. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution based on several validation indices. We identifie...

Revista De Neurologia, Jun 1, 2017

Resumen. Una evaluación neuropsicológica detallada desempeña un papel importante en el proceso di... more Resumen. Una evaluación neuropsicológica detallada desempeña un papel importante en el proceso diagnóstico del deterioro cognitivo leve. No obstante, las escalas de cribado cognitivo breve disponibles para esta población clínica se administran e interpretan basándose mayoritaria o exclusivamente en las puntuaciones totales obtenidas. Este enfoque basado en las puntuaciones puede conducir a interpretaciones clínicas erróneas, a menos que prestemos también atención a la conducta del evaluado o a los tipos de errores cometidos durante la ejecución de los tests. Los objetivos de esta revisión son exponer los fundamentos del enfoque de evaluación neuropsicológica basada en los procesos, ofrecer una revisión breve sobre la evidencia obtenida hasta la fecha sobre su utilidad, y mostrar los resultados de una revisión sistemática sobre escalas de cribado cognitivo y evaluación neuropsicológica, algunas de las cuales fueron ya elaboradas o modificadas según este enfoque, y otras que podrían beneficiarse de mejoras en su capacidad de cribado si se sometieran a modificaciones según un enfoque basado en los procesos. Se espera que, en un tiempo relativamente corto, se pueda contar con versiones de las escalas de cribado cognitivo con un enfoque basado en los procesos. Estas versiones modificadas no alterarán sustancialmente la administración estándar de estas pruebas, pero aportarán un enfoque para la corrección e interpretación que irá más allá de las puntuaciones totales. Esto permitirá dilucidar con mayor precisión los componentes cognitivos implicados en la resolución exitosa o fallida de estas pruebas cognitivas y facilitará el diagnóstico precoz del deterioro cognitivo leve. Palabras clave. Aspectos cualitativos. Cribado. Demencia. Enfoque basado en los procesos. Evaluación neuropsicológica.

Supplemental material, Supplemental_Tables_1,_2_and_3_correctedclean for Health Related Quality o... more Supplemental material, Supplemental_Tables_1,_2_and_3_correctedclean for Health Related Quality of Life and Cognitive Decline in Older Populations: Preliminary Results From NeuroDemeNPsia Study by Iban Onandia-Hinchado and Unai Diaz-Orueta in Journal of Applied Gerontology

Frontiers in Psychology, Sep 21, 2023

IGI Global eBooks, Feb 7, 2018

Mobile technologies and technological advances in behavioral assessment have found their way in c... more Mobile technologies and technological advances in behavioral assessment have found their way in common healthcare practices. However, there are still few studies about videogame-based interventions to support concrete psychological treatments. While the market for self-help mobile apps is continuously increasing, in most cases, they are a mere digitalization of texts contained in self-help books and do not take advantage of the interactive and playful potential of devices on which they are offered. Nevertheless, a number of health games have been developed for children and adults for a variety of therapeutic purposes. The current chapter provides an overview of the state-of-the-art serious games currently available as psychological interventions across popular delivery formats (virtual reality environments, online and PC videogames). Where available, evidence about their efficacy is reported. These serious games have the potential to complement traditional psychological interventions and improve psychological wellbeing for people of all ages.

International Journal of Aging & Human Development, Dec 8, 2017

Personality traits of older adults and their contribution to life satisfaction and generative int... more Personality traits of older adults and their contribution to life satisfaction and generative interest were assessed. A total of 342 older participants (66% women), mean age ¼ 67.89 years old (SD ¼ 6.52, range ¼ 55-84 years old), who attended the University of the Experience in Salamanca (Spain), were evaluated. Information on sociodemographic data, perceived health and activity, personality traits, generativity, and life satisfaction was collected using self-reported questionnaires. Results confirmed a relation between personality traits, life satisfaction, and generativity. In addition, generative concern, neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness predicted life satisfaction at this stage. Moreover, the role of personality on generativity was confirmed. Individuals with interest and agreeableness The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 0(0) 1-17

Springer eBooks, Oct 12, 2012

Progressive introduction of Assistive Technologies in our society, as a result of several years o... more Progressive introduction of Assistive Technologies in our society, as a result of several years of European funding, has provided many researchers and companies with opportunities to developed new information and communication technologies aimed to overcome the digital divide of those at a greater risk of being left behind, as it can be the case of older people and people with disabilities. The great speed of evolvement of this type of technologies has accelerated the need of adapting the European and country specific legal frameworks in order to ensure the right of access but also the protection of privacy, dignity and integrity of those potential vulnerable users. This chapter addresses the consideration of major ethical principles and the practical implications of these principles when faced with technologies directed to older people in vulnerable conditions such as dementia and in the major domain of their privacy and intimacy, such as their own homes. We present explanatory examples on how these ethical issues can be addressed in the particular case of developing ICTs for older people with dementia at their homes, present examples of good practices performed in the past, and conclude with some remarks that may direct future research in the area.

Psychological Assessment, Aug 1, 2022

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Nov 1, 2019

Background and Objective: The goal was to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in indiv... more Background and Objective: The goal was to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in individuals with different types of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HC), and assess agreement levels between participants and proxies. Materials and Methods: A sample of 136 participants were recruited; thirty-seven with Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (AD), 19 with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), 12 with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), 37 with MCI and 31 HC. HRQoL was measured via the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-12-v2), separately for participants and proxies. Two groups (Individuals with cognitive decline versus healthy controls) were matched for sociodemographic variables. Differences for discrepancy rates between both groups were measured using t-test. Participant and proxy agreements were measured via Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Linear regression analyses were performed to examine what variables explained better the variance observed. Results: Patients with DLB and FTD showed the lowest levels of HRQoL, while AD and HC showed the highest. No statistically significant differences were found between discrepancy scores from cognitive decline groups and healthy controls. ICC indicated high agreement between patients and proxies for the groups with cognitive decline, while agreements achieved in HC were lower and only in physical indices. GDS score accounted for 8.3% of the variance of proxies' rating on Mental Summary Composite Score (MSC). Conclusion: HRQoL physical and mental summaries are more reliable in groups with cognitive decline. Healthy controls and their proxies show lower agreement, with proxies reporting lower levels than normal for some relevant indices.

IGI Global eBooks, Feb 7, 2018

In recent years, it has been assumed that brain may be trained as a muscle (use-it-or-lose-it hyp... more In recent years, it has been assumed that brain may be trained as a muscle (use-it-or-lose-it hypothesis) so the higher amount of cognitively stimulating activities we are involved at, the better the cognitive status will be when we reach the old age. Though this assumption needs to be properly verified with additional scientific evidence, there has been an increasing number of studies on cognitive intervention (training, stimulation, rehabilitation) that have obtained diverse results with regards to their efficacy in maintaining cognitive function over time and transfer their gains to older people's daily life activities and challenges. The current chapter revises latest years of research on cognitive tests and interventions, and incorporates the added value of the latest developments in computerized and virtual-reality based assessment and training tools, to respectively measure and improve cognitive status in older populations. Moreover, key recommendations on how existing tools could be improved will be provided.

Alzheimers & Dementia, Jul 1, 2010

24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respecti... more 24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respectively, were under the BBS cutoff. On the AWS, 13,33% and 33,3% of the early and moderate AD were under the cutoff score. From all the individuals, about 16%, 2 from early and 8 from the moderate AD group, were under AWS and BBS cutoff scores.Conclusions:Gait apraxia and balance disorders might be presented in AD individuals, and seems to be more frequent in the moderate stage. Gait apraxia can be misinterpreted as simply balance disorders. Gait apraxia assessment, such as balance, requires high subjectivity dosages. Gait apraxia diagnosis would be easier if the sensibility index of the AWS could be improved. Despite this is just a conjecture, it seems that frontal involvement has great relation to gait apraxia presence and severity.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Jun 26, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Gerontechnology, Apr 1, 2010

In the not-so-distant past, senior citizens often disappeared from the mainstream activities of s... more In the not-so-distant past, senior citizens often disappeared from the mainstream activities of society. In the EU project VITAL, the aim is to encourage users to go out of home, to travel, to meet other people, to participate in events; in summary to have an active and self-satisfying life that will empower aging citizens to play a full role in society, to increase their autonomy and to realize their potential and finally to improve web usability for digitally disadvantaged persons. Elderly users have special requirements with respect to user interfacing approaches and home delivered services. VITAL proposes the combination of iTV technologies, agent-based services and innovative multimodal interfaces as the best way to overcome the reluctance elderly users show to the introduction of information technology.

Frontiers research topics, 2019

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics... more This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac

HRB Open Research

Background: Dementia research prioritisation allows for the systematic allocation of investment i... more Background: Dementia research prioritisation allows for the systematic allocation of investment in dementia research by governments, funding agencies and the private sector. There is currently a lack of information available in Ireland regarding priority areas for dementia research. To address this gap, a dementia research prioritisation exercise was undertaken, consisting of an online survey of professionals in the dementia field and workshops for people living with dementia and family carers. Methods: (1) An anonymous online survey of professionals, based on an existing WHO global survey: The global survey was adapted to an Irish context and participants were asked to score 65 thematic research avenues under 5 criteria; (2) A mixed-methods exercise for people living with dementia and family carers: This involved two facilitated workshops where participants voted on the research themes they felt were important to them and should be addressed through research. Results: Eight of the ...

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD... more In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming to identify novel behavioral profiles of ADHD based on ecological and performance-based measures of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. One hundred and ten Spanish-speaking participants (6–16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve, n = 57) and typically developing participants (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We performed hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering methods over the whole sample on the normalized t-scores of AULA main indices. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution. We did not replicate ADHD subtypes. Instead, we identified two clusters sharing clinical scores on attention indices, susceptibility to distrac...

Frontiers in Psychology, 2019

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2018

This paper describes the different phases in which information was collected from users within th... more This paper describes the different phases in which information was collected from users within the SRS project, the prioritization procedure used and a list of user requirements for robots supporting frail older users.  The SRS project user study revealed high-level requirements related to physical tasks, cognitive and social support and motorization.  User requirements for service robots also involved privacy, safety and adaptation issues.  A user perspective is necessary in the development of service technologies such as the robotic system proposed.  Future research should focus on the implications of the inclusion of robots in the daily lives of frail older people.

Frontiers in Psychology, 2018

Educational Psychology, as an area of Psychology that specializes in formative processes, faces s... more Educational Psychology, as an area of Psychology that specializes in formative processes, faces several important challenges in the information and knowledge society of this twenty first century. One of these challenges is to facilitate a paradigm shift from a nearly exclusive focus on social science to the scientific-technological approach of a discipline that produces innovation and meaningful transfer of science and technology. The Research, Development, and Innovation (RD & I) value chain means pursuing these three endeavors in both the academic and professional lines of Educational Psychology. It is a strategy of innovation that leads us to integrate academic or research activity (R), research-related or professional scientific-technological development of innovation (D) and transfer and entrepreneurship activity (I). Generating innovation and transfer, applicable to educational contexts, can be an important stimulus of activity for new practicing psychologists in Educational Psychology. The RD & I value chain can become an academic, research-related or professional advantage in different activities, since it pertains to the processes, products and services found in the sphere of Educational Psychology. Several examples of how the RD & I chain can help improve psychoeducational activities are presented. First, we analyze competitive improvements that the RD & I chain can offer in competitive bids. Second, we give examples of the RD & I chain in the development of new processes, products and services in Projects of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Educational Psychology, specifically illustrating the chain in each case. In order for this conception to take shape, a new cross-functional area must be created in professional and educational organizations. Specifically, this means creating an RD & I Department, or some area that branches across the other functions. The mission of this cross-functional unit is the actual implementation of the RD & I chain in the educational organization, as well as an incentive for innovative activities: use of ICT applications, organizational improvement, improved assessment, analysis of information produced by the organization itself, cost-benefit analysis, strategic decision-making processes, and so on.

In the past two decades, the traditional subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD... more In the past two decades, the traditional subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been criticized for having substantial variability in symptom manifestation, clinical course, and treatment response. In the present study, we questioned whether an objective and ecological assessment of attentional control, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, the core symptom domains on which ADHD diagnosis is currently based, could yield similar phenotypic profiles to those defined by DSM-5 criteria. 110 Spanish-speaking children and adolescents (6–16 years) with ADHD (n = 57) and typically developing (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We found that ADHD-Combined and ADHD-Inattentive subtypes exhibited the same performance profile. Then, we applied hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering algorithms to AULA’s main outcome measures. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution based on several validation indices. We identifie...

Revista De Neurologia, Jun 1, 2017

Resumen. Una evaluación neuropsicológica detallada desempeña un papel importante en el proceso di... more Resumen. Una evaluación neuropsicológica detallada desempeña un papel importante en el proceso diagnóstico del deterioro cognitivo leve. No obstante, las escalas de cribado cognitivo breve disponibles para esta población clínica se administran e interpretan basándose mayoritaria o exclusivamente en las puntuaciones totales obtenidas. Este enfoque basado en las puntuaciones puede conducir a interpretaciones clínicas erróneas, a menos que prestemos también atención a la conducta del evaluado o a los tipos de errores cometidos durante la ejecución de los tests. Los objetivos de esta revisión son exponer los fundamentos del enfoque de evaluación neuropsicológica basada en los procesos, ofrecer una revisión breve sobre la evidencia obtenida hasta la fecha sobre su utilidad, y mostrar los resultados de una revisión sistemática sobre escalas de cribado cognitivo y evaluación neuropsicológica, algunas de las cuales fueron ya elaboradas o modificadas según este enfoque, y otras que podrían beneficiarse de mejoras en su capacidad de cribado si se sometieran a modificaciones según un enfoque basado en los procesos. Se espera que, en un tiempo relativamente corto, se pueda contar con versiones de las escalas de cribado cognitivo con un enfoque basado en los procesos. Estas versiones modificadas no alterarán sustancialmente la administración estándar de estas pruebas, pero aportarán un enfoque para la corrección e interpretación que irá más allá de las puntuaciones totales. Esto permitirá dilucidar con mayor precisión los componentes cognitivos implicados en la resolución exitosa o fallida de estas pruebas cognitivas y facilitará el diagnóstico precoz del deterioro cognitivo leve. Palabras clave. Aspectos cualitativos. Cribado. Demencia. Enfoque basado en los procesos. Evaluación neuropsicológica.

Supplemental material, Supplemental_Tables_1,_2_and_3_correctedclean for Health Related Quality o... more Supplemental material, Supplemental_Tables_1,_2_and_3_correctedclean for Health Related Quality of Life and Cognitive Decline in Older Populations: Preliminary Results From NeuroDemeNPsia Study by Iban Onandia-Hinchado and Unai Diaz-Orueta in Journal of Applied Gerontology