Peter Ramsden | McMaster University (original) (raw)
Books by Peter Ramsden
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An attribute analysis of ceramics from a large sample of Huron sites reveals geographical or 'tri... more An attribute analysis of ceramics from a large sample of Huron sites reveals geographical or 'tribal' clusters of sites, a surprisingly complex history of community formation, fission and fusion, and some episodes of long-distance migration. These are related to social and political processes, some of which are generally characteristic of horticultural societies, while others relate more to the turbulent events of 16th and 17th century Northeastern North America.
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This monograph describes the excavation and analysis of stratified Late Archaic (Small Point) dep... more This monograph describes the excavation and analysis of stratified Late Archaic (Small Point) deposits in Inverhuron Park, Ontario, and isolates three distinct components occupied between ca 3300 and 2800 B.P. The three components are interpreted as representing functionally distinct parts of a single settlement and subsistence system, involving intensively occupied base camps and small, specialized out-camps. The changing nature of the site area from lakeshore locality to sheltered inland locality, due to falling lake levels, caused the three distinct components to be superimposed in this one location.
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Book Chapters by Peter Ramsden
Contact in the 16th Century, 2016
This paper lays out the evidence for contact between the Balsam Lake region in south central Onta... more This paper lays out the evidence for contact between the Balsam Lake region in south central Ontario and the St. Lawrence valley, in the late 15th to late 16th centuries. An important issue is the variability in the nature and scale of contact over this time period, ranging from individual trade partnerships in the late 15th century, to adoption of St. Lawrence Iroquoian families into Huron-Wendat households in the late 16th century. It is also suggested that this contact was initiated by Algonkians living at the north end of Balsam Lake, but ultimately came to include the Huron-Wendat living around the southern end of the lake.
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In: Exploring Atlantic Transitions, Edited by Peter E. Pope with Shannon Lewis-Simpson, pp. 299-309, 2013
Recent revisions to the radiocarbon dating of the Thule/Inuit occupation of the Canadian Arctic, ... more Recent revisions to the radiocarbon dating of the Thule/Inuit occupation of the Canadian Arctic, and a review of available carbon dates for Thule/Inuit sites in Labrador, lead to the conclusion that the Inuit settlement of Labrador was prompted partly by the collapse of the Greenland Norse colonies in the late 15th century, and partly by Inuit desire to find new sources of European technologies, primarily metal goods.
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Evidence from house structures, artifacts and fauna are used to infer political and economic chan... more Evidence from house structures, artifacts and fauna are used to infer political and economic changes at the Benson site, a late sixteenth century Huron village near Balsam Lake, Ontario. It is suggested that one household acquired trade links to Europeans in the St. Lawrence valley, and as a result became the largest and most prestigious household in the community. Subsequently, a second household expanded to a comparable size, but did so in opposition to the first house, and represented the “traditionalist” faction. Ultimately, the traditionalist faction prevailed, and the more progressive house was dismantled, and its inhabitants moved elsewhere.
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The paper suggests multiple ethnic origins for the Iroquois of the lower Great Lakes, and advance... more The paper suggests multiple ethnic origins for the Iroquois of the lower Great Lakes, and advances the hypothesis that Iroquoian language was introduced into the Northeast through a process of contact-induced language change among groups of indigenous Late Woodland Algonkian speakers.
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A compilation of known sites from the upper reaches of the Trent valley and the Gull River extend... more A compilation of known sites from the upper reaches of the Trent valley and the Gull River extending into the Haliburton Highlands indicates that throughout much of prehistory the area witnessed little, if any, human occupation. Two episodes of significant occupation are the Middle Archaic and the Late Iroquoian period. The Middle Archaic is represented by a number of early Laurentian occupation sites and later Laurentian find spots, suggesting a brief colonization of the area during the earlier period, followed by a period of less intensive use. Parallels between the Archaic and Iroquoian episodes of occupation prompt the suggestion that while climate may have been a factor in both cases, other less archaeologically tangible factors are equally likely to have been at work.
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The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory i... more The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory is the household. An innovative approach to investigating household features at the Benson site reveals that life histories of Iroquoian houses are both specific and complex. By contrast, many interpretations have assumed a simplistic uniformity between Iroquoian households and communities and do not take into account the uniqueness of the individual house. By confronting this complexity on a smaller scale, i.e. through the lifecycle of the house, it becomes clear that larger scale analyses, including things like demography and village dynamics are equally complex and therefore must be re-evaluated.
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"No abstract as such, but this blurb at the head of the chapter: "Peter Ramsden is an anthropo... more "No abstract as such, but this blurb at the head of the chapter:
"Peter Ramsden is an anthropological archaeologist whose primary research has been focussed on the culture of the Huron of Ontario. In the spirit of the new developments in archaeological interpretation, he takes on here the task of making sense of death practices of the Huron. He finds, on introspection, that understanding the structure of Huron death and dying helps him to understand his own culture's attitude toward death. In this chapter, Ramsden proposes an analytical model of the relation between life/death and living/dying that may have very wide application."
There is no "References Cited" section in this pdf, since they were all together at the end of the book.
Note: David and Dorothy Counts were kind enough to allow me to participate in this conference they organized at McMaster, and to contribute this chapter to the resulting book. It might be useful to point out that the book was intended as much for professionals who deal with those who are grieving, as for academic audiences. Writing this paper required me to dive into a whole world of academic and clinical literature that I knew absolutely nothing about. The conference was quite a life-changing experience, and I have always been grateful to Dave and Dorothy for including me."
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Papers by Peter Ramsden
Culture
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Current Anthropology, 1995
Briefly describes the results and interpretation of field-walking and sediment coring in the Barr... more Briefly describes the results and interpretation of field-walking and sediment coring in the Barrow River valley, southeastern Ireland, and suggests implications for Mesolithic and Neolithic land use.
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Ontario Archaeology, 2021
First page of a biographical profile of avocational archaeologist Fritz Knechtel, active in the B... more First page of a biographical profile of avocational archaeologist Fritz Knechtel, active in the Bruce Peninsula of Ontario from the 1930s to 1975.
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An examination of the structure of Iroquoian villages and the nature of palisade extensions in th... more An examination of the structure of Iroquoian villages and the nature of palisade extensions in the Balsam Lake area of south central Ontario suggests a hypothetical series of stages through which such communities may have expanded to accommodate immigrant populations.
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Debating Complexity, 1996
From Timepiece to Time Machine: Scale and Complexity in Iroquoian Archaeology Lisa Fogt and Peter... more From Timepiece to Time Machine: Scale and Complexity in Iroquoian Archaeology Lisa Fogt and Peter Ramsden McMaster University The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory is the household An innovative approach to ...
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Canadian Journal of …, 1988
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uwo.academia.edu
... In particular I thank Mima Kapches, Dean Knight, Marti Latta, Rick Sutton, Colin Varley, Gary... more ... In particular I thank Mima Kapches, Dean Knight, Marti Latta, Rick Sutton, Colin Varley, Gary Warrick and Ron Williamson. ... Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Kelowna, BC Steckley, JL 1993 Huron Kinship Terminology. ...
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Canadian Journal of Archaeology2, 1978
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An attribute analysis of ceramics from a large sample of Huron sites reveals geographical or 'tri... more An attribute analysis of ceramics from a large sample of Huron sites reveals geographical or 'tribal' clusters of sites, a surprisingly complex history of community formation, fission and fusion, and some episodes of long-distance migration. These are related to social and political processes, some of which are generally characteristic of horticultural societies, while others relate more to the turbulent events of 16th and 17th century Northeastern North America.
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This monograph describes the excavation and analysis of stratified Late Archaic (Small Point) dep... more This monograph describes the excavation and analysis of stratified Late Archaic (Small Point) deposits in Inverhuron Park, Ontario, and isolates three distinct components occupied between ca 3300 and 2800 B.P. The three components are interpreted as representing functionally distinct parts of a single settlement and subsistence system, involving intensively occupied base camps and small, specialized out-camps. The changing nature of the site area from lakeshore locality to sheltered inland locality, due to falling lake levels, caused the three distinct components to be superimposed in this one location.
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Contact in the 16th Century, 2016
This paper lays out the evidence for contact between the Balsam Lake region in south central Onta... more This paper lays out the evidence for contact between the Balsam Lake region in south central Ontario and the St. Lawrence valley, in the late 15th to late 16th centuries. An important issue is the variability in the nature and scale of contact over this time period, ranging from individual trade partnerships in the late 15th century, to adoption of St. Lawrence Iroquoian families into Huron-Wendat households in the late 16th century. It is also suggested that this contact was initiated by Algonkians living at the north end of Balsam Lake, but ultimately came to include the Huron-Wendat living around the southern end of the lake.
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In: Exploring Atlantic Transitions, Edited by Peter E. Pope with Shannon Lewis-Simpson, pp. 299-309, 2013
Recent revisions to the radiocarbon dating of the Thule/Inuit occupation of the Canadian Arctic, ... more Recent revisions to the radiocarbon dating of the Thule/Inuit occupation of the Canadian Arctic, and a review of available carbon dates for Thule/Inuit sites in Labrador, lead to the conclusion that the Inuit settlement of Labrador was prompted partly by the collapse of the Greenland Norse colonies in the late 15th century, and partly by Inuit desire to find new sources of European technologies, primarily metal goods.
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Evidence from house structures, artifacts and fauna are used to infer political and economic chan... more Evidence from house structures, artifacts and fauna are used to infer political and economic changes at the Benson site, a late sixteenth century Huron village near Balsam Lake, Ontario. It is suggested that one household acquired trade links to Europeans in the St. Lawrence valley, and as a result became the largest and most prestigious household in the community. Subsequently, a second household expanded to a comparable size, but did so in opposition to the first house, and represented the “traditionalist” faction. Ultimately, the traditionalist faction prevailed, and the more progressive house was dismantled, and its inhabitants moved elsewhere.
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The paper suggests multiple ethnic origins for the Iroquois of the lower Great Lakes, and advance... more The paper suggests multiple ethnic origins for the Iroquois of the lower Great Lakes, and advances the hypothesis that Iroquoian language was introduced into the Northeast through a process of contact-induced language change among groups of indigenous Late Woodland Algonkian speakers.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
A compilation of known sites from the upper reaches of the Trent valley and the Gull River extend... more A compilation of known sites from the upper reaches of the Trent valley and the Gull River extending into the Haliburton Highlands indicates that throughout much of prehistory the area witnessed little, if any, human occupation. Two episodes of significant occupation are the Middle Archaic and the Late Iroquoian period. The Middle Archaic is represented by a number of early Laurentian occupation sites and later Laurentian find spots, suggesting a brief colonization of the area during the earlier period, followed by a period of less intensive use. Parallels between the Archaic and Iroquoian episodes of occupation prompt the suggestion that while climate may have been a factor in both cases, other less archaeologically tangible factors are equally likely to have been at work.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory i... more The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory is the household. An innovative approach to investigating household features at the Benson site reveals that life histories of Iroquoian houses are both specific and complex. By contrast, many interpretations have assumed a simplistic uniformity between Iroquoian households and communities and do not take into account the uniqueness of the individual house. By confronting this complexity on a smaller scale, i.e. through the lifecycle of the house, it becomes clear that larger scale analyses, including things like demography and village dynamics are equally complex and therefore must be re-evaluated.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
"No abstract as such, but this blurb at the head of the chapter: "Peter Ramsden is an anthropo... more "No abstract as such, but this blurb at the head of the chapter:
"Peter Ramsden is an anthropological archaeologist whose primary research has been focussed on the culture of the Huron of Ontario. In the spirit of the new developments in archaeological interpretation, he takes on here the task of making sense of death practices of the Huron. He finds, on introspection, that understanding the structure of Huron death and dying helps him to understand his own culture's attitude toward death. In this chapter, Ramsden proposes an analytical model of the relation between life/death and living/dying that may have very wide application."
There is no "References Cited" section in this pdf, since they were all together at the end of the book.
Note: David and Dorothy Counts were kind enough to allow me to participate in this conference they organized at McMaster, and to contribute this chapter to the resulting book. It might be useful to point out that the book was intended as much for professionals who deal with those who are grieving, as for academic audiences. Writing this paper required me to dive into a whole world of academic and clinical literature that I knew absolutely nothing about. The conference was quite a life-changing experience, and I have always been grateful to Dave and Dorothy for including me."
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Culture
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Current Anthropology, 1995
Briefly describes the results and interpretation of field-walking and sediment coring in the Barr... more Briefly describes the results and interpretation of field-walking and sediment coring in the Barrow River valley, southeastern Ireland, and suggests implications for Mesolithic and Neolithic land use.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Ontario Archaeology, 2021
First page of a biographical profile of avocational archaeologist Fritz Knechtel, active in the B... more First page of a biographical profile of avocational archaeologist Fritz Knechtel, active in the Bruce Peninsula of Ontario from the 1930s to 1975.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
An examination of the structure of Iroquoian villages and the nature of palisade extensions in th... more An examination of the structure of Iroquoian villages and the nature of palisade extensions in the Balsam Lake area of south central Ontario suggests a hypothetical series of stages through which such communities may have expanded to accommodate immigrant populations.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Debating Complexity, 1996
From Timepiece to Time Machine: Scale and Complexity in Iroquoian Archaeology Lisa Fogt and Peter... more From Timepiece to Time Machine: Scale and Complexity in Iroquoian Archaeology Lisa Fogt and Peter Ramsden McMaster University The basic unit of the Iroquoian village, and thus of the interpretation of Iroquoian prehistory is the household An innovative approach to ...
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Canadian Journal of …, 1988
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uwo.academia.edu
... In particular I thank Mima Kapches, Dean Knight, Marti Latta, Rick Sutton, Colin Varley, Gary... more ... In particular I thank Mima Kapches, Dean Knight, Marti Latta, Rick Sutton, Colin Varley, Gary Warrick and Ron Williamson. ... Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Kelowna, BC Steckley, JL 1993 Huron Kinship Terminology. ...
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Canadian Journal of Archaeology2, 1978
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Man in the Northeast, 1990
This paper summarizes four common interpretations of the presence of Saint Lawrence Iroquoian art... more This paper summarizes four common interpretations of the presence of Saint Lawrence Iroquoian artifacts on Huron sites in the Trent Valley, Ontario, and evaluates them in the light of recent archaeological data from the Balsam Lake area. It is noted that acceptance or rejection of any interpretation is in part a function of theoretical orientation. An explanation involving the adoption of Saint Lawrence Iroquoian population remnants by allied Huron communities is considered most consistent with the archaeological data, within a theoretical framework that incorporates issues of power relations and the social meaning of material culture.
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American Antiquity, 1990
This comment argues that Latta's (1987) recent interpretation of certain ceramic items on six... more This comment argues that Latta's (1987) recent interpretation of certain ceramic items on sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Ontario Iroquoian sites as imitations of Catholic chalices is contrary to the chronological distribution of the artifacts, is inconsistent with the nature of contemporaneous chalices, and ignores more-plausible alternative interpretations.
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Anthropologica, 1990
In considering cultural changes in southern Ontario between about 250 B.C. and A.D. 1500, spannin... more In considering cultural changes in southern Ontario between about 250 B.C. and A.D. 1500, spanning the Middle and Late Woodland periods, an attempt is made to integrate settlement patterns, burials and ceramic decoration. It is suggested that long-term culture change can be understood as a result of the continual interaction between material culture, ritual, ideology, economy and social structure. The constant renegotiation of the meanings of material snd ritual communication, including the accidental attribution of new meanings, can be a significant force for cultural change.
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Canadian Journal of Archaeology / Journal Canadien dArcheologie, 2016
The late sixteenth century Huron-Wendat Benson site in the Balsam Lake area of south-central Onta... more The late sixteenth century Huron-Wendat Benson site in the Balsam Lake area of south-central Ontario has produced substantial quantities of a characteristic 'barred' ceramic motif found virtually nowhere else. In addition, it has produced ceramics that are "hybrids" of Huron-Wendat and St. Lawrence Iroquoian styles. An analysis of these ceramics leads to the interpretation that they are part of a complex process of power brokering by women in the community. In part this entails symbolic resistance on the part of adopted St. Lawrence Iroquoian women. At the same time, it reveals a strategy used by both St. Lawrence Iroquoian and Huron-Wendat women of sending signals of ambiguous political allegiance, either to achieve a degree of political flexibility, or to attempt to mediate between the community's two competing political factions.
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A ceramic pipe bowl from the late 16th century Benson site in South-central Ontario gives rise to... more A ceramic pipe bowl from the late 16th century Benson site in South-central Ontario gives rise to some inferences regarding gender identities in this community.
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This article argues that prehistoric cultural developments on opposite sides of the North Atlanti... more This article argues that prehistoric cultural developments on opposite sides of the North Atlantic were not as separate as they are usually perceived, and that the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition
has synchronous analogies in the northeastern North American Archaic. It is further argued that this is an example of similar adaptive responses, by similar cultures, to broad-scale environmental changes that spanned the North Atlantic.
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The paper reviews the history of ideas concerning the origins of Dorset culture in the eastern Ar... more The paper reviews the history of ideas concerning the origins of Dorset culture in the eastern Arctic. We suggest that while the evidence for the derivation of Early Dorset from Pre-Dorset is sound, the evidence for the subsequent evolution of Early Dorset into Middle and Late Dorset is far less so. We argue that Early Dorset, Independence II and Groswater are most accurately characterised as the terminal phases of regional 'pre-Dorset' sequences, whereas Middle Dorset, on present evidence, appears to represent a new and distinctive cultural tradition.
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This was a very brief research-in-progress report on methods of acquiring thin-section data from... more This was a very brief research-in-progress report on methods of acquiring thin-section data from samples of deer and seal teeth to estimate season of death.
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The richness of the archaeological record of 'Huronia' is favorably compared with that of the Val... more The richness of the archaeological record of 'Huronia' is favorably compared with that of the Valley of Mexico and the Neolithic in southern Britain. This demonstrated richness, both realized and potential, is then contrasted with the limitations to interpretation which are created by the reliance on historical approaches to Huron archaeology.
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Arctic Anthropology, 1995
Specific seasons of occupation are inferred for some types of early Pre-Dorset structures at Back... more Specific seasons of occupation are inferred for some types of early Pre-Dorset structures at Back Bay, Prince of Wales Island, based on structure type, location, and faunal content. It is suggested that large, well-defined tent rings represent warm season skin tents, while smaller more ephemeral features represent cold season snow-walled structures. Based on the multiseason use of this single locality, we suggest a settlement pattern of short-term residential stability with periodic moves to new locations.
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This was an invited comment on a then-ongoing debate between Norman Clermont and Dean Snow regard... more This was an invited comment on a then-ongoing debate between Norman Clermont and Dean Snow regarding the demographic implications of in situ versus migration explanations of Iroquoian origins.
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American Indian Quarterly, 1986
An academic directory and search engine.
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American Antiquity, 1982
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American Anthropologist, 1983
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American Antiquity, 1980
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American Antiquity, 2014
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American Antiquity, 1977
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This review of Birch and Williamson's book "The Mantle Site. An Archaeological History of an Anc... more This review of Birch and Williamson's book "The Mantle Site. An Archaeological History of an Ancestral Wendat Community" was written for North Atlantic Archaeology, Vol. 3. Even though I had written another review of the book for Ontario Archaeology, the editor of NAA felt the book was important enough that I should write a differently focussed review, aimed at the journal's more international audience.
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Published in Ontario Archaeology No. 93, 2013, pp. 219-223
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A case study is presented from the Benson site, a small, late 16th century community in south-cen... more A case study is presented from the Benson site, a small, late 16th century community in south-central Ontario, that appears to have been occupied by members of two or possibly three ethnic groups. While ceramic motifs and pipe styles, among other artifacts, carried traditional ethnic significance, this paper argues that while ethnicity may have been the language employed, the conversation was about politics. It goes on to generalize from this and to suggest that it may commonly be the case that what we recognize as ethnicity is really a political conversation employing readily understood ethnic metaphors.
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This paper suggests that the 'boundary' between the Iroquoian-speaking Hurons and their Algonkian... more This paper suggests that the 'boundary' between the Iroquoian-speaking Hurons and their Algonkian-speaking neighbours to the north was not so much a boundary as a zone of transition. Material culture, settlement and language varied independently across this zone, and not according to any simple notion of ethnicity.
Note: this paper was given a long time ago, when the Algonkian speakers of the north shore of Lake Huron were still generally referred to as Ojibwa.
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A re-consideration of the few (possibly) acceptable Thule carbon dates from Labrador, in light of... more A re-consideration of the few (possibly) acceptable Thule carbon dates from Labrador, in light of recent re-assessments of Thule radiocarbon chronology more generally, indicates that the Thule/Inuit entered Labrador ca AD 1500, and moved southward along the coast very rapidly, settling at least as far south as Sandwich Bay. This was in all likelihood part of a general re-adjustment of Thule/Inuit settlement areas following the collapse of the Greenland Norse colonies ca AD 1480, and the arrival in the late 15th century of other European fishers and whalers in the western North Atlantic, including the coast of Labrador.
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I have always tried to impress on students the value of doing research in more than one archaeolo... more I have always tried to impress on students the value of doing research in more than one archaeological region, and of having first-hand experience with ways of life that are more closely tied to the landscape than those of the typical academic. While I still firmly believe that those things are valuable, I realize I have never actually demonstrated that. I will try to do so in this presentation, with reference to my own experiences in archaeology. I may or may not succeed. I hope to use examples from my research in Ontario (Archaic and Iroquoian), the Arctic (Paleoeskimo and Thule) and southeast Ireland (Mesolithic and Neolithic).
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This paper examines the occurrence and distribution of a new ceramic motif among the Upper Trent ... more This paper examines the occurrence and distribution of a new ceramic motif among the Upper Trent Valley Huron-Wendat of the mid 16th century: stamped horizontal bars on the neck of the vessel. I suggest that the motif originally occurred on the pipes used by St. Lawrence Iroquoian men, and became transferred to pots during the process of negotiating the adoption of St. Lawrence Iroquoian refugees into Trent Valley Huron-Wendat communities. I try to demonstrate that this was part of a wider process of negotiating and internalizing a new hybrid St. Lawrence/Huron-Wendat identity.
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