enrique parra | Ministerio de Cultura (Spain) (original) (raw)
Papers by enrique parra
Ge-conservacion, 2015
Ante la dificultad de consultar datos materiales y analíticas provenientes de intervenciones exis... more Ante la dificultad de consultar datos materiales y analíticas provenientes de intervenciones existentes relacionadas con el Patrimonio Cultural, el presente artículo plantea la necesidad de establecer parámetros normalizados y accesibles que aglutinen información de memorias técnicas.Como ejemplo de la funcionalidad que podría derivarse de esta propuesta se analiza cómo podría beneficiar su uso en el caso de las pinturas románicas de San Martín de Elines (Cantabria) cuya analítica de materiales presenta dos parámetros fuera del contexto geográfico donde están ubicadas y que las relaciona matéricamente con las pinturas románicas del Valle del Boí.
Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 2017
At La Espiral cave, located in Bahia Honda municipality (Artemisa province, Cuba), there are seve... more At La Espiral cave, located in Bahia Honda municipality (Artemisa province, Cuba), there are several pictographs, including two of particular importance due to the design used: one of concentric circles and another of a spiral. We analyzed the pigments and binders used in one of these pictographs. The chemical ingredients of the paint are considered in this article, as well as the use of bat guano as a major pigment compound. The apparent presence of ellagic acid, ellagitannin, or anthocyanins would strengthen the hypothesis that artists used vegetable protein as a paint binder or solvent.
La Aljaferia Vol 2 1998 Isbn 84 86794 94 3 Pags 507 514, 1998
Studies in Conservation, 1998
AbstractIn the later Middle Ages, the mudejar people (Muslims who lived in Christian countries) b... more AbstractIn the later Middle Ages, the mudejar people (Muslims who lived in Christian countries) built houses, castles and palaces in Spain in a characteristic way. In these special buildings, the craftworks in wood and in plaster are very famous, but there are some wall paintings too. Wall paintings from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries decorate the rooms as socles along the walls. They are little known, even in Spain, for two reasons: first, the main art of this period was religious, in the Gothic style; second, their maintenance is problematic because they were made for private houses. To understand how and with what materials and resources they were made, we have studied this kind of wall painting, found only in Spain. Historical documentation, photographic records and chemical analyses of the painting materials are reported. All these data point to a fresco technique.
Journal of Archaeological Science, 2013
The inorganic and organic fractions of two microsamples of prehistoric paint from the same site, ... more The inorganic and organic fractions of two microsamples of prehistoric paint from the same site, the Minateda rock shelters, are analysed here for the first time. The two samples correspond to two rock shelters of different styles (Levantine and schematic) e Abrigo Grande de Minateda (The Great Rock Shelter of Minateda) and Abrigo del Barranco de la Mortaja (Del Barranco de la Mortaja Rock Shelter). Since its discovery, historiographical tradition has emphasised the Abrigo Grande de Minateda, with its magnificence and complexity, as emblematic of the origin and evolution of rock art in the Mediterranean Basin of the Iberian Peninsula (a UNESCO World Heritage Site). Four complementary techniques eMicrophotography, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Raman Spectroscopy and Gas ChromatographyeMass Spectroscopy (GCeMS)e were combined to identify and characterise the physicochemical properties of the paint and of the surface. We present an interpretation of the results that leads us to define complex taphonomic alterations beyond the usual distinction of layers that include the surface, pigments and patinas.
Carbohydrate Research, 1995
Jan van Kessel became specialized on flower painting by the St. Luke Guild of Antwerp, and his pa... more Jan van Kessel became specialized on flower painting by the St. Luke Guild of Antwerp, and his painting reflects the influences of his family concerning the representation of flowers and van Kessel's affection for zoology and miniature painting. Virgin Surrounded by Flowers follows the model from the earliest known garland painting with a religious theme performed by Jan Brueghel "The Elder", in collaboration with Hendrick van Balen (1575?-1632), Virgin and Child in a Garland of Flowers. Virgin Surrounded by Flowers was performed by the collaboration of artists were Jan van Kessel performed the wreath of flowers, as it was his specialty, and the representation of the Virgin was done by another painter. According to Dr. Sam Segal the portrait painter could be Gonzales Coques (1614 or 1618-1684), but Dr. Klaus Ertz, for stylistic reasons, suppose that it may be someone from the van Balen family, possibly Jan van Balen (1611-1654).
Carbohydrate Research, 1990
Methyl alpha-carrabioside (13), and its 4-sulphate (19) and 2,4-disulphate (20) have been synthes... more Methyl alpha-carrabioside (13), and its 4-sulphate (19) and 2,4-disulphate (20) have been synthesised via glycosylation of methyl 3,6-anhydro-2-O-benzyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside with 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl bromide and subsequent partial or complete debenzylation, sulphation, and deprotection of the resulting disaccharide derivatives. Conformational studies have been carried out on 13, 19, and 20 on the basis of 1D and 2D 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations.
Carbohydrate Research, 1994
The structure of two cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from three different strains of Penicilli... more The structure of two cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from three different strains of Penicillium txpamum, the type species of the genus, have been established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and also by methylation analyses. The water-soluble polysaccharide FlS-B consisted of a linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure:
Carbohydrate Research, 1994
The water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from strains CBS 352.72 and 310.38 of Talaro... more The water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from strains CBS 352.72 and 310.38 of Talaromyces flavus have been investigated by chemical analyses and NMR studies. Two different skeletons coexist, having the structures: [formula:see text]. The small differences between the polysaccharides isolated from both strains are probably due to slight diminution of branching in strain 352.72, as compared with strain 310.38.
Ge-conservacion, 2015
Ante la dificultad de consultar datos materiales y analíticas provenientes de intervenciones exis... more Ante la dificultad de consultar datos materiales y analíticas provenientes de intervenciones existentes relacionadas con el Patrimonio Cultural, el presente artículo plantea la necesidad de establecer parámetros normalizados y accesibles que aglutinen información de memorias técnicas.Como ejemplo de la funcionalidad que podría derivarse de esta propuesta se analiza cómo podría beneficiar su uso en el caso de las pinturas románicas de San Martín de Elines (Cantabria) cuya analítica de materiales presenta dos parámetros fuera del contexto geográfico donde están ubicadas y que las relaciona matéricamente con las pinturas románicas del Valle del Boí.
Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 2017
At La Espiral cave, located in Bahia Honda municipality (Artemisa province, Cuba), there are seve... more At La Espiral cave, located in Bahia Honda municipality (Artemisa province, Cuba), there are several pictographs, including two of particular importance due to the design used: one of concentric circles and another of a spiral. We analyzed the pigments and binders used in one of these pictographs. The chemical ingredients of the paint are considered in this article, as well as the use of bat guano as a major pigment compound. The apparent presence of ellagic acid, ellagitannin, or anthocyanins would strengthen the hypothesis that artists used vegetable protein as a paint binder or solvent.
La Aljaferia Vol 2 1998 Isbn 84 86794 94 3 Pags 507 514, 1998
Studies in Conservation, 1998
AbstractIn the later Middle Ages, the mudejar people (Muslims who lived in Christian countries) b... more AbstractIn the later Middle Ages, the mudejar people (Muslims who lived in Christian countries) built houses, castles and palaces in Spain in a characteristic way. In these special buildings, the craftworks in wood and in plaster are very famous, but there are some wall paintings too. Wall paintings from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries decorate the rooms as socles along the walls. They are little known, even in Spain, for two reasons: first, the main art of this period was religious, in the Gothic style; second, their maintenance is problematic because they were made for private houses. To understand how and with what materials and resources they were made, we have studied this kind of wall painting, found only in Spain. Historical documentation, photographic records and chemical analyses of the painting materials are reported. All these data point to a fresco technique.
Journal of Archaeological Science, 2013
The inorganic and organic fractions of two microsamples of prehistoric paint from the same site, ... more The inorganic and organic fractions of two microsamples of prehistoric paint from the same site, the Minateda rock shelters, are analysed here for the first time. The two samples correspond to two rock shelters of different styles (Levantine and schematic) e Abrigo Grande de Minateda (The Great Rock Shelter of Minateda) and Abrigo del Barranco de la Mortaja (Del Barranco de la Mortaja Rock Shelter). Since its discovery, historiographical tradition has emphasised the Abrigo Grande de Minateda, with its magnificence and complexity, as emblematic of the origin and evolution of rock art in the Mediterranean Basin of the Iberian Peninsula (a UNESCO World Heritage Site). Four complementary techniques eMicrophotography, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Raman Spectroscopy and Gas ChromatographyeMass Spectroscopy (GCeMS)e were combined to identify and characterise the physicochemical properties of the paint and of the surface. We present an interpretation of the results that leads us to define complex taphonomic alterations beyond the usual distinction of layers that include the surface, pigments and patinas.
Carbohydrate Research, 1995
Jan van Kessel became specialized on flower painting by the St. Luke Guild of Antwerp, and his pa... more Jan van Kessel became specialized on flower painting by the St. Luke Guild of Antwerp, and his painting reflects the influences of his family concerning the representation of flowers and van Kessel's affection for zoology and miniature painting. Virgin Surrounded by Flowers follows the model from the earliest known garland painting with a religious theme performed by Jan Brueghel "The Elder", in collaboration with Hendrick van Balen (1575?-1632), Virgin and Child in a Garland of Flowers. Virgin Surrounded by Flowers was performed by the collaboration of artists were Jan van Kessel performed the wreath of flowers, as it was his specialty, and the representation of the Virgin was done by another painter. According to Dr. Sam Segal the portrait painter could be Gonzales Coques (1614 or 1618-1684), but Dr. Klaus Ertz, for stylistic reasons, suppose that it may be someone from the van Balen family, possibly Jan van Balen (1611-1654).
Carbohydrate Research, 1990
Methyl alpha-carrabioside (13), and its 4-sulphate (19) and 2,4-disulphate (20) have been synthes... more Methyl alpha-carrabioside (13), and its 4-sulphate (19) and 2,4-disulphate (20) have been synthesised via glycosylation of methyl 3,6-anhydro-2-O-benzyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside with 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl bromide and subsequent partial or complete debenzylation, sulphation, and deprotection of the resulting disaccharide derivatives. Conformational studies have been carried out on 13, 19, and 20 on the basis of 1D and 2D 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations.
Carbohydrate Research, 1994
The structure of two cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from three different strains of Penicilli... more The structure of two cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from three different strains of Penicillium txpamum, the type species of the genus, have been established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and also by methylation analyses. The water-soluble polysaccharide FlS-B consisted of a linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure:
Carbohydrate Research, 1994
The water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from strains CBS 352.72 and 310.38 of Talaro... more The water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from strains CBS 352.72 and 310.38 of Talaromyces flavus have been investigated by chemical analyses and NMR studies. Two different skeletons coexist, having the structures: [formula:see text]. The small differences between the polysaccharides isolated from both strains are probably due to slight diminution of branching in strain 352.72, as compared with strain 310.38.