Roland Schmuck | University of Pécs (original) (raw)

Papers by Roland Schmuck

Multidiszciplináris kihívások, sokszínű válaszok 2024(1): 82-114, 2024

Business models show how organizations create value. In today’s world, digitalization, which is i... more Business models show how organizations create value. In today’s world, digitalization, which is inevitable for most organizations, results in a change in the internal processes of organizations, which also increases their operational efficiency. New technologies are transforming business
operations and more and more online business models are emerging instead of traditional business models, using disruptive innovation in many cases. The research reviews the previous classifications of online business models based on the literature to determine what types of online
business models exist. An own online business model classification is described which groups these models fully and logically resulting in 10 main online business model types. During the testing of the classification, the first step is to compare with online business models in the
literature, the second step is to check the models used in the real world. The latter is done by manual analysis of two databases of a total sample of 700, in which the frequency of using each online business model type is also examined, answering the question of whether there is a most
commonly used online business model. The research shows that the most used online business model is the intellectual property landlord, which is used in more than half of the samples analyzed. The results of the research can be well used by companies willing to enter the online
market.

26th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management: 120-125, 2021

The business model concept is a relatively new and not clearly defined phenomenon in economic lit... more The business model concept is a relatively new and not clearly defined phenomenon in economic literature. However, the term business model is currently researched a lot, and it is gaining attention in the literature. The goal of the paper is to clarify what a business model is and how it is connected to strategic management. The research method used is systematic literature review. A business model is a concept that shows how the components of a system fit into the system of processes, showing how an organization work. By other words, the business model is the relationship between strategy and business processes. Defining and using a business model is an important managerial task, but the company strategy is also needed as this deals with external environment as well, such as industry competition. The paper groups business model definitions into two main categories: (1) business models based on the value chain of the organization and (2) business models based on the value proposition of the organization. Those business models that are built on Porter's value chain theory, examines how value can be created for the customers through the operation activities of the organization. These business model definitions describe the logic of a business system behind the actual processes of value creation. In many cases, where the value proposition is the main part of the business model, the way how profit is generated is the most important element of the business model. This can be considered as a financial perspective, while the previous one is an operations management perspective. The Business Model Canvas is one of the most popular business model design tools today, used primarily in the technology sector. This tool simplifies the definition of the business model of an organization by making visualizing the parts of the business model.

Electronic Business 5: 48-57, 2010

Recent trends show that internet is becoming a very popular media. More and more companies are cr... more Recent trends show that internet is becoming a very popular media. More and more companies are creating their websites, but most of them never payback. This paper shows the author's experiences and knowledge on what companies can achieve on the internet and how to do it in a cost-effective way. There is a huge misinformation on this subject. The author tries to make clear which methods work and which does not in order to increase the number of visitors of websites to develop their profitability. To achieve long-term success, possible strategic variations are shown, and the term 'multi-site strategy' is introduced.

Defining quality in most institutions are clear and easy to do. However quality management is har... more Defining quality in most institutions are clear and easy to do. However quality management is hard to define in case of services because services do not have such generally common, measureable and comparable features like products. In case of services without exact outcomes are even harder to define quality. Strategic management consulting is such a service. Strategic consultants help organizations so solve complex, messy problems. It is very hard to define quality in this case. There is no one best way to manage quality in this case. The goal of this paper is to clarify how quality management can work in such circumstances in the strategic management consulting services industry. The paper is based on literature research and the author's own experiences as a certified ISO 9001 auditor. This gives a quality standard view of the paper, however other aspects are discussed as well. Strategic management consulting firms have to build trust. This is an important reason to concentrate on quality. Consulting companies can use several methods to increase their service quality. Mostly soft methods can be used because of the limited availability of possible statistical data. The most typical soft methods are shown in this paper. Many of the consulting firms operate ISO 9001 standard-based quality management systems or TQM in their own organizations. Back in time this was a different story. In the 1980s consulting firms rather worked on their clients' quality concerns not on their own. This has change a lot since that. Nowadays there is a high need of quality operation with reduced costs that the consulting firms themselves also operate quality management systems. These systems can reduce their costs as well by making better decisions and decreasing the cost of bad quality such as faulty fulfillment and guarantee costs. The features of the ISO 9001 standard are shown in this paper regarding the management consulting sector. Quality is becoming a major issue for consulting companies to get new contracts. This is an industry based mainly on trust because the outcome of the service is not immediate and can hardly be measured. Consulting companies should not only keep the technical standards but have to satisfy the customers' requirements to provide a quality service.

Regional Formation and Development Studies, Feb 26, 2021

Many Hungarian small and medium enterprises are facing problems using management methodologies. S... more Many Hungarian small and medium enterprises are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic management consulting is a common type of business consulting and is one of the most important in the field. The article analyses two previous Hungarian surveys with the aim of better understanding the market. Two surveys are compared with each other and the size of the Hungarian strategic consulting market is calculated based on secondary data. Trends and problems in the industry are also described briefly. The findings of this paper help to better understand what is happening in the industry.

Academia letters, May 21, 2021

This paper gives an insight on how to formulate a business model. It can be useful for those who ... more This paper gives an insight on how to formulate a business model. It can be useful for those who wish to start a new entrepreneurship regardless of industry, or to anyone researching business models. This is a short summary of the research of the author in an easily understandable format. Problems with formulating business models The business model concept is a frequently used but little understood phenomenon. Many authors tried to define the concept in a number of different ways (Belussi et al 2019, Schmuck 2015, Zott 2010). Even practitioners are having challenges to define their own business model. Though they know how the business they manage works, they may can hardly express it in a clear way. Another problem is that if they do succeed, they are often unable to communicate it properly to members of their organization. In this paper the author shows how to formulate your business model that is easy to understand and communicate.

MPRA Paper, 2011

As time changes, people change and the way they do changes as well. Local governments have to kee... more As time changes, people change and the way they do changes as well. Local governments have to keep up with the age where internet already became a very common place to search for information and to use online services. As local governments have to provide several services it is necessary to shift to eservices that can be used online through the website of the municipality. There is a huge difference in online presence of local governments. In this article online services are analysed by type and by users with showing specific examples and ideas for cities with lower level of online activity.

A vállalati működésnek, termelési stratégiáknak nagyon fontos szerepük van a vállalati stratégiai... more A vállalati működésnek, termelési stratégiáknak nagyon fontos szerepük van a vállalati stratégiai célok elérésében, egyúttal versenyelőnyök kialakításának lehetőségét is adják. Széleskörű irodalomkutatást követően ismertetésre kerülnek azok a legfontosabb tényezők, amelyeket egy mai modern vállalatnak figyelembe kell vennie a vállalati működés kialakítása során. A vállalatok célja versenyelőny szerzése ilyen körülmények között, melynek különböző módszerei bemutatásra kerülnek, majd a szerző javaslatokat tesz a sikeres vállalati stratégia kialakítására. Cél, hogy a szerző összefoglalást adjon a téma általánosan elfogadott módszereiről. Eredményként a szerző összefoglalja a sikeres vállalatok működésének jellemzőit, illetve azon tényezőket, amelyek ezt megalapozzák.

International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 2023

Many of the Hungarian SMEs are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic manageme... more Many of the Hungarian SMEs are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic management consulting is a common type of business consulting and is one of the most important in the field. The article analyses the Hungarian management consulting market based on two previous Hungarian surveys. The goal is to better understand the Hungarian strategic management consulting market. Two surveys are compared with each other and the size of the Hungarian strategic consulting market is calculated based on secondary data. Trends and problems in the industry are also described briefly. The results of this paper help to better understand what is happening in the industry.

MPRA Paper, 2013

The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose t... more The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose technology changes how companies operate, but it also changes the markets. The online economy has a huge effect on people's everyday life, private and public companies as well. The goal of this paper is to analyse the global online economy by countries of origin answering the question which countries dominate the internet. After deep literature survey on the subject the Alexa Top 500 database is used to analyse it by the most visited websites in the world. The analysis shows the online economy is dominated by the USA and China. Correlation analysis confirms that GDP correlates with websites originating from that country. This means highly developed countries have better online economy with more websites, dominating the online economy.

TAYLOR, Jun 6, 2019

The ESG 2015 quality management principles have a great influence on the quality policy of the hi... more The ESG 2015 quality management principles have a great influence on the quality policy of the higher education institutions in various countries in Europe. The analysis of the quality policies of Hungarian and foreign universities is crucial for determining the level of the Hungarian higher education. We carried out a content analysis of 120 higher education institutions from four countries (Great-Britain, Germany, Austria, Hungary). Our research is based on QS World University Rankings 2018 (QS Top Universities 2018). The content of the quality policies were compared with each other. The comparison is based on previously determined criteria and we integrated it into a uniform structure. The main aim of the research was finding best practices based on the 1 A kutatási ötlet támogatója Dr. Takács András egyetemi docens, oktatási és költségvetési dékánhelyettes , Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Közgazdaságtudományi Kar 2 " AZ EMBERI ERŐFORRÁSOK MINISZTÉRIUMA ÚNKP-18-3-VII. 2 KÓDSZÁMÚ ÚJ NEMZETI KIVÁLÓSÁG PROGRAMJÁNAK TÁMOGATÁSÁVAL KÉSZÜLT" brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by SZTE OJS Journals (University of Szeged / Szegedi...

Procedia Manufacturing, 2021

The environmental challenges and the digital transformation processes require a complete review o... more The environmental challenges and the digital transformation processes require a complete review of the business models of companies. New technologies are transforming business operations causing the emergence of online business models alongside traditional business models. The research analyzes the use of online business models in practice. Classifications of online business models in the literature are shown. An appropriate, closed framework defining ten online business models is chosen for the analysis. The research is done by manual analysis of two databases which include websites and mobile applications. The sample size is 700 in total. The purpose is to show which types of online business models are used in practice and which are the most commonly used models of them. The results show that the Intellectual Property Landlord online business model is used in the majority in the databases of websites and mobile applications. The research highlights a difference in the use of online business models in the case of free and paid mobile applications. The results are useful for companies entering the online market and developing their own online business model.

Procedia Manufacturing, 2021

Managing the quality of global supply chains is critical for the success of global companies. Qua... more Managing the quality of global supply chains is critical for the success of global companies. Quality disseminates through the supply chains. Supply chain quality integration facilitates each company to use its main expertise which can lead to higher quality and cost reductions. Digital audits enhance the possibilities to ensure the production quality at the suppliers. A global supply chain quality integration is illustrated through the case of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner development. The development process was a major challenge for Boeing because not only several innovations were introduced in the 787 plane, but the supply chain quality integration reached new levels for the company. The 787-program had process, management, labor, and demand risks. The first 787 plane was delivered three years later than planned and the budget was exceeded by 10 billion USD. To solve the issues, Boeing created the Production Integration Center. It sent engineers and production workers to its suppliers in several countries of the world to smooth the supply chain quality integration. Boeing supported its suppliers with its knowledge. Onsite cameras were used as digital audits. The Production Integration Center intervened when it estimated delays in the shipments. Boeing successfully solved the issues, but they cost the company a lot. Examining this supply chain restructuring case can help supply chain managers to diagnose and overcome issues in supply chain quality integrations.

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Jun 14, 2008

Regional Formation and Development Studies, Apr 15, 2021

The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose t... more The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose technology changes how companies operate, but it also changes the markets. The online economy has a huge effect on people's everyday life, private and public companies as well. The goal of this paper is to analyse the global online economy by countries of origin answering the question which countries dominate the internet. After deep literature survey on the subject the Alexa Top 500 database is used to analyse it by the most visited websites in the world. The analysis shows the online economy is dominated by the USA and China. Correlation analysis confirms that GDP correlates with websites originating from that country. This means highly developed countries have better online economy with more websites, dominating the online economy.

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2008

The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based resea... more The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based research in 2005-2007 with the main goal of measuring competitiveness. Competitiveness can be defined by many people. It is possible to interpret it by region, industry, company or product. During the research we investigated the competitiveness on company level, so those factors which affect the competitiveness of a company. The research team developed a Competitiveness Index, which classifies the competitiveness of companies into different categories. Discriminant analysis was used the test the Index, multivariable logistic regression to examine the different competitiveness groups. When creating the index we took into consideration the changing of target markets, we matched self-maintainment with adaption to changes. We included research and development (as an indication of innovation), and the rate of marketing budget. We identified the existence of strategic alliances as company networking is a competitiveness raising factor for small and medium-sized enterprises. Further variable included was workforce fluctuation, since motivation and employee satisfaction is in very close relationship with it. Eventually the variables of the Competitiveness Index became the following: research and development, changing of target markets, adaption to changes, rate of marketing budget, participation in strategic alliances, workforce fluctuation. With the help of the Competitiveness Index we created three categories of companies participating in the research. The variables of the competitiveness index created by this way have become the following: falling behind, average, leading. The Index described above can be used to measure regional relative company competitiveness, and with the help of it, it is possible to give practical advice to develop companies. From academic view the Index is one possible way to measure micro-level competitiveness; furthermore two new subjects were born from the result of the research in the University of Pécs, Faculty of Economics.

MPRA Paper, 2009

The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based resea... more The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based research in 2005-2007 with the main goal of measuring competitiveness. The research team developed a Competitiveness Index, which classifies the competitiveness of companies into different categories. The variables of the Competitiveness Index became the following: research and development, changing of target markets, adaptation to changes, rate of marketing budget, participation in strategic alliances, workforce fluctuation. The Index described in this paper can be used to measure regional relative company competitiveness, and with the help of it, it is possible to give practical advice to develop companies.

Simulation & Gaming, Nov 6, 2020

Background. Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since ... more Background. Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since 2000, two games have been taught: a green business simulation developed on site and known as BUSINESS SIMULATION CHALLENGE and the MULTINATIONAL MANAGEMENT GAME. In this research we report on a longitudinal study of the results of the two business simulations; and investigate the effects of the Green Business simulation. Method. This survey-based research included 329 students that completed a questionnaire on business simulations since 2000. Surveys were carried out to measure the effect of the two simulations. There are data from three periods up to recent years. Frequency tables, univariate ANCOVA, T-tests and crosstabulation were used to analyse the data.

Multidiszciplináris kihívások, sokszínű válaszok 2024(1): 82-114, 2024

Business models show how organizations create value. In today’s world, digitalization, which is i... more Business models show how organizations create value. In today’s world, digitalization, which is inevitable for most organizations, results in a change in the internal processes of organizations, which also increases their operational efficiency. New technologies are transforming business
operations and more and more online business models are emerging instead of traditional business models, using disruptive innovation in many cases. The research reviews the previous classifications of online business models based on the literature to determine what types of online
business models exist. An own online business model classification is described which groups these models fully and logically resulting in 10 main online business model types. During the testing of the classification, the first step is to compare with online business models in the
literature, the second step is to check the models used in the real world. The latter is done by manual analysis of two databases of a total sample of 700, in which the frequency of using each online business model type is also examined, answering the question of whether there is a most
commonly used online business model. The research shows that the most used online business model is the intellectual property landlord, which is used in more than half of the samples analyzed. The results of the research can be well used by companies willing to enter the online
market.

26th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management: 120-125, 2021

The business model concept is a relatively new and not clearly defined phenomenon in economic lit... more The business model concept is a relatively new and not clearly defined phenomenon in economic literature. However, the term business model is currently researched a lot, and it is gaining attention in the literature. The goal of the paper is to clarify what a business model is and how it is connected to strategic management. The research method used is systematic literature review. A business model is a concept that shows how the components of a system fit into the system of processes, showing how an organization work. By other words, the business model is the relationship between strategy and business processes. Defining and using a business model is an important managerial task, but the company strategy is also needed as this deals with external environment as well, such as industry competition. The paper groups business model definitions into two main categories: (1) business models based on the value chain of the organization and (2) business models based on the value proposition of the organization. Those business models that are built on Porter's value chain theory, examines how value can be created for the customers through the operation activities of the organization. These business model definitions describe the logic of a business system behind the actual processes of value creation. In many cases, where the value proposition is the main part of the business model, the way how profit is generated is the most important element of the business model. This can be considered as a financial perspective, while the previous one is an operations management perspective. The Business Model Canvas is one of the most popular business model design tools today, used primarily in the technology sector. This tool simplifies the definition of the business model of an organization by making visualizing the parts of the business model.

Electronic Business 5: 48-57, 2010

Recent trends show that internet is becoming a very popular media. More and more companies are cr... more Recent trends show that internet is becoming a very popular media. More and more companies are creating their websites, but most of them never payback. This paper shows the author's experiences and knowledge on what companies can achieve on the internet and how to do it in a cost-effective way. There is a huge misinformation on this subject. The author tries to make clear which methods work and which does not in order to increase the number of visitors of websites to develop their profitability. To achieve long-term success, possible strategic variations are shown, and the term 'multi-site strategy' is introduced.

Defining quality in most institutions are clear and easy to do. However quality management is har... more Defining quality in most institutions are clear and easy to do. However quality management is hard to define in case of services because services do not have such generally common, measureable and comparable features like products. In case of services without exact outcomes are even harder to define quality. Strategic management consulting is such a service. Strategic consultants help organizations so solve complex, messy problems. It is very hard to define quality in this case. There is no one best way to manage quality in this case. The goal of this paper is to clarify how quality management can work in such circumstances in the strategic management consulting services industry. The paper is based on literature research and the author's own experiences as a certified ISO 9001 auditor. This gives a quality standard view of the paper, however other aspects are discussed as well. Strategic management consulting firms have to build trust. This is an important reason to concentrate on quality. Consulting companies can use several methods to increase their service quality. Mostly soft methods can be used because of the limited availability of possible statistical data. The most typical soft methods are shown in this paper. Many of the consulting firms operate ISO 9001 standard-based quality management systems or TQM in their own organizations. Back in time this was a different story. In the 1980s consulting firms rather worked on their clients' quality concerns not on their own. This has change a lot since that. Nowadays there is a high need of quality operation with reduced costs that the consulting firms themselves also operate quality management systems. These systems can reduce their costs as well by making better decisions and decreasing the cost of bad quality such as faulty fulfillment and guarantee costs. The features of the ISO 9001 standard are shown in this paper regarding the management consulting sector. Quality is becoming a major issue for consulting companies to get new contracts. This is an industry based mainly on trust because the outcome of the service is not immediate and can hardly be measured. Consulting companies should not only keep the technical standards but have to satisfy the customers' requirements to provide a quality service.

Regional Formation and Development Studies, Feb 26, 2021

Many Hungarian small and medium enterprises are facing problems using management methodologies. S... more Many Hungarian small and medium enterprises are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic management consulting is a common type of business consulting and is one of the most important in the field. The article analyses two previous Hungarian surveys with the aim of better understanding the market. Two surveys are compared with each other and the size of the Hungarian strategic consulting market is calculated based on secondary data. Trends and problems in the industry are also described briefly. The findings of this paper help to better understand what is happening in the industry.

Academia letters, May 21, 2021

This paper gives an insight on how to formulate a business model. It can be useful for those who ... more This paper gives an insight on how to formulate a business model. It can be useful for those who wish to start a new entrepreneurship regardless of industry, or to anyone researching business models. This is a short summary of the research of the author in an easily understandable format. Problems with formulating business models The business model concept is a frequently used but little understood phenomenon. Many authors tried to define the concept in a number of different ways (Belussi et al 2019, Schmuck 2015, Zott 2010). Even practitioners are having challenges to define their own business model. Though they know how the business they manage works, they may can hardly express it in a clear way. Another problem is that if they do succeed, they are often unable to communicate it properly to members of their organization. In this paper the author shows how to formulate your business model that is easy to understand and communicate.

MPRA Paper, 2011

As time changes, people change and the way they do changes as well. Local governments have to kee... more As time changes, people change and the way they do changes as well. Local governments have to keep up with the age where internet already became a very common place to search for information and to use online services. As local governments have to provide several services it is necessary to shift to eservices that can be used online through the website of the municipality. There is a huge difference in online presence of local governments. In this article online services are analysed by type and by users with showing specific examples and ideas for cities with lower level of online activity.

A vállalati működésnek, termelési stratégiáknak nagyon fontos szerepük van a vállalati stratégiai... more A vállalati működésnek, termelési stratégiáknak nagyon fontos szerepük van a vállalati stratégiai célok elérésében, egyúttal versenyelőnyök kialakításának lehetőségét is adják. Széleskörű irodalomkutatást követően ismertetésre kerülnek azok a legfontosabb tényezők, amelyeket egy mai modern vállalatnak figyelembe kell vennie a vállalati működés kialakítása során. A vállalatok célja versenyelőny szerzése ilyen körülmények között, melynek különböző módszerei bemutatásra kerülnek, majd a szerző javaslatokat tesz a sikeres vállalati stratégia kialakítására. Cél, hogy a szerző összefoglalást adjon a téma általánosan elfogadott módszereiről. Eredményként a szerző összefoglalja a sikeres vállalatok működésének jellemzőit, illetve azon tényezőket, amelyek ezt megalapozzák.

International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 2023

Many of the Hungarian SMEs are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic manageme... more Many of the Hungarian SMEs are facing problems using management methodologies. Strategic management consulting is a common type of business consulting and is one of the most important in the field. The article analyses the Hungarian management consulting market based on two previous Hungarian surveys. The goal is to better understand the Hungarian strategic management consulting market. Two surveys are compared with each other and the size of the Hungarian strategic consulting market is calculated based on secondary data. Trends and problems in the industry are also described briefly. The results of this paper help to better understand what is happening in the industry.

MPRA Paper, 2013

The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose t... more The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose technology changes how companies operate, but it also changes the markets. The online economy has a huge effect on people's everyday life, private and public companies as well. The goal of this paper is to analyse the global online economy by countries of origin answering the question which countries dominate the internet. After deep literature survey on the subject the Alexa Top 500 database is used to analyse it by the most visited websites in the world. The analysis shows the online economy is dominated by the USA and China. Correlation analysis confirms that GDP correlates with websites originating from that country. This means highly developed countries have better online economy with more websites, dominating the online economy.

TAYLOR, Jun 6, 2019

The ESG 2015 quality management principles have a great influence on the quality policy of the hi... more The ESG 2015 quality management principles have a great influence on the quality policy of the higher education institutions in various countries in Europe. The analysis of the quality policies of Hungarian and foreign universities is crucial for determining the level of the Hungarian higher education. We carried out a content analysis of 120 higher education institutions from four countries (Great-Britain, Germany, Austria, Hungary). Our research is based on QS World University Rankings 2018 (QS Top Universities 2018). The content of the quality policies were compared with each other. The comparison is based on previously determined criteria and we integrated it into a uniform structure. The main aim of the research was finding best practices based on the 1 A kutatási ötlet támogatója Dr. Takács András egyetemi docens, oktatási és költségvetési dékánhelyettes , Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Közgazdaságtudományi Kar 2 " AZ EMBERI ERŐFORRÁSOK MINISZTÉRIUMA ÚNKP-18-3-VII. 2 KÓDSZÁMÚ ÚJ NEMZETI KIVÁLÓSÁG PROGRAMJÁNAK TÁMOGATÁSÁVAL KÉSZÜLT" brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by SZTE OJS Journals (University of Szeged / Szegedi...

Procedia Manufacturing, 2021

The environmental challenges and the digital transformation processes require a complete review o... more The environmental challenges and the digital transformation processes require a complete review of the business models of companies. New technologies are transforming business operations causing the emergence of online business models alongside traditional business models. The research analyzes the use of online business models in practice. Classifications of online business models in the literature are shown. An appropriate, closed framework defining ten online business models is chosen for the analysis. The research is done by manual analysis of two databases which include websites and mobile applications. The sample size is 700 in total. The purpose is to show which types of online business models are used in practice and which are the most commonly used models of them. The results show that the Intellectual Property Landlord online business model is used in the majority in the databases of websites and mobile applications. The research highlights a difference in the use of online business models in the case of free and paid mobile applications. The results are useful for companies entering the online market and developing their own online business model.

Procedia Manufacturing, 2021

Managing the quality of global supply chains is critical for the success of global companies. Qua... more Managing the quality of global supply chains is critical for the success of global companies. Quality disseminates through the supply chains. Supply chain quality integration facilitates each company to use its main expertise which can lead to higher quality and cost reductions. Digital audits enhance the possibilities to ensure the production quality at the suppliers. A global supply chain quality integration is illustrated through the case of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner development. The development process was a major challenge for Boeing because not only several innovations were introduced in the 787 plane, but the supply chain quality integration reached new levels for the company. The 787-program had process, management, labor, and demand risks. The first 787 plane was delivered three years later than planned and the budget was exceeded by 10 billion USD. To solve the issues, Boeing created the Production Integration Center. It sent engineers and production workers to its suppliers in several countries of the world to smooth the supply chain quality integration. Boeing supported its suppliers with its knowledge. Onsite cameras were used as digital audits. The Production Integration Center intervened when it estimated delays in the shipments. Boeing successfully solved the issues, but they cost the company a lot. Examining this supply chain restructuring case can help supply chain managers to diagnose and overcome issues in supply chain quality integrations.

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Jun 14, 2008

Regional Formation and Development Studies, Apr 15, 2021

The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose t... more The online economy takes a huge role in today's globalized world. Internet as a general purpose technology changes how companies operate, but it also changes the markets. The online economy has a huge effect on people's everyday life, private and public companies as well. The goal of this paper is to analyse the global online economy by countries of origin answering the question which countries dominate the internet. After deep literature survey on the subject the Alexa Top 500 database is used to analyse it by the most visited websites in the world. The analysis shows the online economy is dominated by the USA and China. Correlation analysis confirms that GDP correlates with websites originating from that country. This means highly developed countries have better online economy with more websites, dominating the online economy.

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2008

The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based resea... more The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based research in 2005-2007 with the main goal of measuring competitiveness. Competitiveness can be defined by many people. It is possible to interpret it by region, industry, company or product. During the research we investigated the competitiveness on company level, so those factors which affect the competitiveness of a company. The research team developed a Competitiveness Index, which classifies the competitiveness of companies into different categories. Discriminant analysis was used the test the Index, multivariable logistic regression to examine the different competitiveness groups. When creating the index we took into consideration the changing of target markets, we matched self-maintainment with adaption to changes. We included research and development (as an indication of innovation), and the rate of marketing budget. We identified the existence of strategic alliances as company networking is a competitiveness raising factor for small and medium-sized enterprises. Further variable included was workforce fluctuation, since motivation and employee satisfaction is in very close relationship with it. Eventually the variables of the Competitiveness Index became the following: research and development, changing of target markets, adaption to changes, rate of marketing budget, participation in strategic alliances, workforce fluctuation. With the help of the Competitiveness Index we created three categories of companies participating in the research. The variables of the competitiveness index created by this way have become the following: falling behind, average, leading. The Index described above can be used to measure regional relative company competitiveness, and with the help of it, it is possible to give practical advice to develop companies. From academic view the Index is one possible way to measure micro-level competitiveness; furthermore two new subjects were born from the result of the research in the University of Pécs, Faculty of Economics.

MPRA Paper, 2009

The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based resea... more The Complex South-Transdanubian Regional Competitiveness Research was a questionnaire-based research in 2005-2007 with the main goal of measuring competitiveness. The research team developed a Competitiveness Index, which classifies the competitiveness of companies into different categories. The variables of the Competitiveness Index became the following: research and development, changing of target markets, adaptation to changes, rate of marketing budget, participation in strategic alliances, workforce fluctuation. The Index described in this paper can be used to measure regional relative company competitiveness, and with the help of it, it is possible to give practical advice to develop companies.

Simulation & Gaming, Nov 6, 2020

Background. Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since ... more Background. Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since 2000, two games have been taught: a green business simulation developed on site and known as BUSINESS SIMULATION CHALLENGE and the MULTINATIONAL MANAGEMENT GAME. In this research we report on a longitudinal study of the results of the two business simulations; and investigate the effects of the Green Business simulation. Method. This survey-based research included 329 students that completed a questionnaire on business simulations since 2000. Surveys were carried out to measure the effect of the two simulations. There are data from three periods up to recent years. Frequency tables, univariate ANCOVA, T-tests and crosstabulation were used to analyse the data.