forough mortazavi | Sabzevar University Medical Of Science (original) (raw)
Papers by forough mortazavi
Introduction: Estimation of delivery date based on last menstrual period and ultrasound is common... more Introduction: Estimation of delivery date based on last menstrual period and ultrasound is common in prenatal care. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of Naegel’s rule, Naegel’s revised rule and ultrasound in estimation of delivery date. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 540 pregnant women hospitalized in Mobayyeni Hospital in Sabzevar (2007-2008) due sign of to labor. Estimated delivery date was calculated based on three methods and difference between these and ture date of labor calculated. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistical indices, Pearson correlation and T-test using Spss15. Results: Results showed that delivery happened in 6.3, 6.3 and 6.7 percent of women just on the stimated date by Naegel’s rule, Naegel’s revised rule and ultrasound respectively and delivery happened in 51.9, 67.2 and 60.7 percent of them until the estimated date. The difference between true date and the estimated date by Naegel’s rule and ultrasound were correlated significantly with fundal height and birth weight (p<0.001). Post term delivery rates were 0.4, 1.9 and 0.6 percent respectively, based on ultrasound reports, Naegel’s rule and Naegel’s revised rule. Conclusion: Naegel’s rule is more accurate in prediction of delivery date, compared to other similar studies. Using ultrasound prolongs the period preceding the beginning of labor. Using Naegel’s revised rule strongly brings better results.
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2021
On February 19, 2020, the Iranian government officially confirmed the first deaths due to COVID-1... more On February 19, 2020, the Iranian government officially confirmed the first deaths due to COVID-19 and within a week, all universities were closed. The purpose of this study is to explore Iranian medical students' psychological and behavioral responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted on 52 medical students. Data were collected using a purposive sampling method by means of synchronous virtual focus group discussions which were conducted using the WhatsApp messaging application. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software version 2020. Data analysis resulted in the emergence of three categories consisting of psychological responses to the pandemic and the behavioral and psychological responses to the quarantine. Most of the extracted themes are related to students’ psychological reactions to the pandemic. During the quarantine period, students suffered from uncertainty, experienced boredom, worried about delay in their graduation, a...
BackgroundBirth dissatisfaction may increase the risk for postpartum depression and requests for ... more BackgroundBirth dissatisfaction may increase the risk for postpartum depression and requests for an elective cesarean for the next birth. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on the healthcare systems and their users in many aspects. We investigated predictors of birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women during the COVID-19 epidemics’ fifth wave.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 601 postpartum women admitted to postpartum wards of Mobini maternity hospital using a convenience sampling method between 2 Aug and 18 September 2021. We collected data on socio-demographic, obstetric, labor and birth, and psychological variables. We used the general linear model and multiple linear regression analyses to determine predictors of birth satisfaction.ResultsThe mean birth satisfaction score was 28.6±7.3. The percentages of mothers who gave birth by elective and emergency cesarean were 19.5% and 10.8%, respectively. Overall predictors...
Background: Childbirth dissatisfaction may reduce maternal tendency for subsequent pregnancies an... more Background: Childbirth dissatisfaction may reduce maternal tendency for subsequent pregnancies and increase maternal request for elective cesarean. This study aimed to investigate predictors of birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 767 women in early postpartum using a convenience sampling method in 2019. Women’s demographic/obstetrical information were collected. Women completed three questionnaires including the World Health Organization-5 well-being Index (WHO-5 well-being Index), the Birth Satisfaction scale-R (BSS-R), and the Wijma Delivery-Expectancy/experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) version B. We used univariate general linear model to investigate the relationships between independent variables and birth satisfaction scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine predictors of birth dissatisfaction. Results: The percentage of women who gave birth by elective cesarean, emergency cesare...
Payesh, 2017
Objective (s): It is more than a decade that pre-marriage counseling is launched in Iran. However... more Objective (s): It is more than a decade that pre-marriage counseling is launched in Iran. However, the quality of the program has not been changed despite changes in situation and coupleschr('39') needs. The aim of this study was to assess coupleschr('39') and counselorschr('39') perspectives towards the program in Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on 153 couples and 6 pre-marriage counseling providers in an urban health center in 2013, in Iran. The sample included couples participated in pre-marriage counseling program, and counseling providers. Sampling was performed purposefully through typical case sampling and expert sampling. Couples selection was done based on participants' educational level and socio-economic status. Thirty focus group discussions were performed to obtain couples and counseling providerschr('39') perspectives. Individuals' opinions was recorded and written. Content analysis was performed for data anal...
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Pregnancy anxiety that threatens maternal mental health has a negative impact on preg... more Background: Pregnancy anxiety that threatens maternal mental health has a negative impact on pregnancy outcomes and can develop even in a healthy pregnant woman with no depression or anxiety problems. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate pregnancy anxiety and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 322 pregnant women who were registered at health centers from November 2018 to March 2018. A random sampling method was applied to select eight health centers in the city. Using the SIB system, 40 pregnant women were randomly selected in each center. Selected women who came to health centers to receive prenatal care filled out the revised version of the Farsi anxiety scale for pregnancy (F-ASP-R). Inclusion criteria were, having the ability to read and lack of psychological disorders requiring treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and student t-test, analysis of varian...
Nursing Practice Today, 2021
Background & Aim: Fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety may affect the desire for normal deliv... more Background & Aim: Fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety may affect the desire for normal delivery. No study has investigated the effectiveness of solution-focused counseling on either pregnancy anxiety or all factors comprising fear of childbirth. We aimed to investigate the effects of solution-focused counseling in reducing pregnancy anxiety and fear of childbirth. Methods & Materials: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 132 nulliparous women in 2019. Participants with moderate to a severe fear of childbirth were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in five solution-focused counseling sessions. Before and after the intervention, women filled the anxiety scale for pregnancy and the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ). Data were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The two groups did not differ in terms of demographic and obstetric variables and pr...
Journal of midwifery and reproductive health, 2020
Background: A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is a rare uterine anomaly occurring in 1... more Background: A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is a rare uterine anomaly occurring in 1 out of 100,000 to 140,000 pregnancies. The diagnosis of this complication is conventionally difficult and missed, which may cause uterine rupture leading to hemoperitoneum. The standard treatment is the surgical excision of the horn through laparotomy. The aim of this report was to introduce a case of pregnancy in a rudimentary horn of the uterus. Case report: We present a 31-year old nulliparous woman at 19 weeks of gestation with a live fetus in a rudimentary horn. The first ultrasound showed a bicornuate uterus at 13 weeks. The patient was referred to Mobini Hospital with abdominal and epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Repeated blood tests, ultrasonography, and clinical signs raised the suspicion of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The diagnosis of a rudimentary horn pregnancy was made in the operative room. The rudimentary horn with the left tube was excised and the patient was di...
Introduction: Fear of childbirth increases obstetrical interventions, and causes complications fo... more Introduction: Fear of childbirth increases obstetrical interventions, and causes complications for mother and fetus and is one of the important factors affecting the increased rate of cesarean. This study was performed with aim to investigate the effects of childbirth preparation classes program on fear of normal vaginal delivery measured with Wijma Delivery-Expectancy questionnaire. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 132 nulliparous women in Sabzevar Health Centers during 2017-2018. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group participated in childbirth preparation classes and the control group received only the routine prenatal care. Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ) Version AB comparison of means showed difference between two groups (p=0.01). Conclusion: Childbirth preparation classes held in Sabzevar increased the fear of childbirth. Therefore, the content of this training course ...
International journal of humanities and social sciences, 2016
Purpose: Academic procrastination or putting off doing a task until tomorrow has been a common di... more Purpose: Academic procrastination or putting off doing a task until tomorrow has been a common disorder among students. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of academic procrastination among Sabzevar medical students and examine the relation between academic procrastination and well-being status in this population. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 498 students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. The inclusion criterion required participants to be undergraduate students. We used a stratified random sampling method to collect the data. Students filled out the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS) and the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Results: Students completed 400 questionnaires (response rate of 80%). The percentage of participants who were female, single, and resident in a dormitory were 76%, 78%, and 67% respectively. The mean score of the WHO-5 well-being index were 58.4 ± 20.7 (ranging from 0 to 100)...
Objectives: Individuals with psychological disorders usually present more somatic symptoms than n... more Objectives: Individuals with psychological disorders usually present more somatic symptoms than normal individuals. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal psychological state and somatic symptoms in pregnant mothers. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 225 pregnant mothers referring to eight comprehensive health centers on 1995. Accessible sampling was performed. The inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy with live and, healthy baby. Women with a history of psychological problems were excluded from the study. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, general Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and somatic symptom checklist. Analyses were performed with SPSS-18 software using chi-square test, Fisher exact test, t-test, and logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 27.7±6.2. 41.7 of mothers were primigravida and 18.2 of pregnancies were unwanted. The mean score of GHQ was 19.85±13...
The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and psychological status of primiparous v... more The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and psychological status of primiparous versus multiparous women during pregnancy and postpartum. A quality of life (QOL) questionnaire and a general health questionnaire (GHQ28) were filled out in the third trimester of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum by 273 pregnant women visiting health centers. In both periods the mean scores of QOL were higher in primiparous than the multiparous (P=.003, P=.026). During the pregnancy, the mean score of GHQ28 was lower in primiparous than multiparous (P=.005). Multiparity affects negatively women’s psychological state and quality of life during pregnancy.
International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences, 2017
Introduction Pregnancy is a special period in a woman's life characterized by rapid physiological... more Introduction Pregnancy is a special period in a woman's life characterized by rapid physiological, psychological, and social changes during a relatively short period that may predispose women to anxiety (1). A variety of issues in pregnancy may provoke anxiety in women. Among such issues are worries about childbirth and health of the baby, quality of care during labor, the extent of husbands' support and involvement in maternal health care, and the level of support from relatives and friends (2,3). Pregnancy anxiety is different from general anxiety. It is a relatively distinct syndrome which is provoked by pregnancy-specific fears and worries (4). Women who are anxious, experience both emotional and somatic symptoms such as worry, muscle pain, palpitation, insomnia, and gastrointestinal discomfort (2). It has been suggested that high levels of pregnancy-related anxiety play a role in preterm birth (5-8), postpartum depression, and caesarean (7). In addition, it could affect fetal, infant and child development (7,9). Several studies have highlighted the need for the routine measurement of pregnancy anxiety during pregnancy to enable the design of appropriate interventions (10-13). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a widely used measure of general anxiety, has also been commonly used in research on pregnancy anxiety (14). The STAI scale is suitable for assessing the general level of anxiety, but it does not measure pregnancy-specific stressors (2). Another critique of the use of STAI scale for measuring pregnancy-related anxiety is that it might not predict maternal and child outcomes (2,15,16). The results of a study showed that whereas childbirth-specific anxiety was an important predictor of childbirth duration, general anxiety as measured by the STAI had no predictive value in this regard (17). It is, therefore, important to design and validate an appropriate instrument for measuring pregnancy anxiety. Since pregnancy-related anxiety involves multiple factors related to infant, mother, and childbirth, it needs to be measured by a specialized multidimensional instrument. Apart from some instruments in a true or false format, few instruments for measuring pregnancy-related anxiety are at present available which can measure the severity of anxiety (2) and which also have a clear factorial structure. Levin examined the factorial structure of the Pregnancy
Journal of hayat, 2019
Background & Aim: Pregnancy is one of the enjoyable and evolutionary aspects of women’s l... more Background & Aim: Pregnancy is one of the enjoyable and evolutionary aspects of women’s life, which is often associated with many stresses and concerns. Counseling is one of the most appropriate interventions to reduce concerns and increase the decision-making power of pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the effect of solution-focused group counseling on pregnant women’s worries. Methods & Materials: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 108 pregnant women with gestational age of 6 to 19 weeks and a score of worry ≥55, from May to September 2017 in health centers of Sabzevar University of Medical. The intervention group received a solution-focused counseling and the control group received routine prenatal care. Concerns of pregnant women were evaluated before, after, and two months after the intervention using the Farsi version of Cambridge Worry Scale. The data were analyzed using t-test, chisquare, and repeated measure analysis of variance through the SPSS software version 22. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean score of worry before the study was 58.9±5.9 for the intervention group and 58.8±4.37 for the control group, and no significant difference was observed. After the intervention, these values for the intervention group and the control group were 34.6±13.3 and 57.7±8.78, respectively. Two months after the study, these values were 31.1±10.1 and 54.6±10.9, respectively. The analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that pregnant women’s concerns about childbirth, fetal health, maternal health, and family relationships were significantly reduced after the intervention and two months later (P<0.001). Women’s worries about socioeconomic issues were not significantly reduced after the intervention and two months later in comparison with the control group (P=0.563). Conclusion: The solution-focused counseling is an effective way to reduce pregnant women’s concerns about maternal and fetal health, family relationships and childbirth. It can be used in conjunction with pregnancy care.
Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 2012
Background: Despite expanded coverage of family planning in Iran, unwanted pregnancy is a common ... more Background: Despite expanded coverage of family planning in Iran, unwanted pregnancy is a common problem. The aim of this study was to explore women’s experiences of unwanted pregnancy in Shahroud public health centers. Methods: Purposive Sampling was conducted by means of focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews and by a semi-constructed questionnaire in this qualitative research. Five (FGDs) with 23 women in third trimester in pregnancy and 4 in-depth interviews with women with history of induced abortion were done. The method of Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Results of the study can be divided into 4 categories: causes of naming pregnancy as an unwanted pregnancy, causes of unwanted pregnancy; husband, family and relatives’ reaction to unwanted pregnancy and the process of acceptance of unwanted pregnancy. Not planning for pregnancy due to physical, emotional and financial non-readiness for pregnancy and believe in two child policy were th...
Nursing Practice Today, 2020
Introduction: A complete heart block is a cardiac electrical conduction disorder with a very rare... more Introduction: A complete heart block is a cardiac electrical conduction disorder with a very rare occurrence in pregnancy, which may be asymptomatic. There are no specific guidelines for the management of asymptomatic complete heart block in labor, vaginal delivery, and cesarean with only a few reports of cesarean management of patients with complete heart block. Case report: A 30-year-old woman, Gravida 4, abortion 3, gestational age of 41 weeks without any specific problems, was referred to our maternity hospital. The pulse rate and blood pressure were 68 and 60/110, respectively. Labor was induced with oxytocin and, after three hours, was discontinued due to late decelerations of fetal heart rate. Electrocardiography confirmed a maternal pulse rate of 42. Cardiac consultation led to the diagnosis of a complete heart block. Due to the frequent late decelerations of fetal heart rate and no response to atropine therapy, the patient was a candidate for a cesarean. Before cesarean, th...
Nursing Open, 2021
To investigate predictors of low birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women.
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2021
Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) may contribute to postpartum depression, impaired maternal-in... more Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) may contribute to postpartum depression, impaired maternal-infant relation, and preference for cesarean in future pregnancies. We aimed to investigate predictors of FOC and normal vaginal birth among postpartum women who had planned for a normal vaginal birth. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 with postpartum women during the first 24 h after the birth. A sample of 662 women, selected using a convenient sampling method, filled out the questionnaire composed of socio-demographic and obstetric questions and the Wijma Delivery-Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ). We used multiple logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of FOC and normal vaginal birth. Results The percentage of women with mild (score ≤ 37), moderate (38–65), high (66–84), severe (85–99), and intense FOC (score ≥ 100) were 7.9, 19.5, 40.9, 21.1, and 10.6% respectively. Predictors of intense FOC were age < 30, primiparity, low maternal satisfaction wi...
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2021
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of crowded places such as universities and r... more BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of crowded places such as universities and replaced face-to-face learning with virtual education. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the challenges of virtual learning from the students' perspectives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted on students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Purposeful sampling was performed by semi-structured group interviews on the Internet in the WhatsApp social network. Fifty-two nursing, midwifery, hygiene, and paramedical students were interviewed. Every interview was started by asking the question “what is your experience about virtual teaching?” The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software version 2020. According to the steps of qualitative content analysis, content analysis was performed and the themes were extracted. RESULTS: Fifty-two students were interviewed in eight group sessions. Qualitative data analysis leads to the extraction of 23 codes, 7 categories, and the 2 main themes; dissatisfaction with virtual education with 4 categories (lack of feedback, communication channel problems, the unpreparedness of the message receiver, and weakness in educational content) and solutions to the modification of virtual teaching with three categories (possibility of receiving feedback, channel improvement, and strengthening educational content) were extracted. The highest frequency of code was related to the dissatisfaction with the uploaded contents. CONCLUSIONS: Virtual education has created a negative experience among students for various reasons, including the lack of distance learning infrastructure and the lack of a standard for preparing quality content. Therefore, it is necessary for the officials of the Education Development Center to supervise the prepared contents and improve distance learning infrastructure.
Introduction: Estimation of delivery date based on last menstrual period and ultrasound is common... more Introduction: Estimation of delivery date based on last menstrual period and ultrasound is common in prenatal care. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of Naegel’s rule, Naegel’s revised rule and ultrasound in estimation of delivery date. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 540 pregnant women hospitalized in Mobayyeni Hospital in Sabzevar (2007-2008) due sign of to labor. Estimated delivery date was calculated based on three methods and difference between these and ture date of labor calculated. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistical indices, Pearson correlation and T-test using Spss15. Results: Results showed that delivery happened in 6.3, 6.3 and 6.7 percent of women just on the stimated date by Naegel’s rule, Naegel’s revised rule and ultrasound respectively and delivery happened in 51.9, 67.2 and 60.7 percent of them until the estimated date. The difference between true date and the estimated date by Naegel’s rule and ultrasound were correlated significantly with fundal height and birth weight (p<0.001). Post term delivery rates were 0.4, 1.9 and 0.6 percent respectively, based on ultrasound reports, Naegel’s rule and Naegel’s revised rule. Conclusion: Naegel’s rule is more accurate in prediction of delivery date, compared to other similar studies. Using ultrasound prolongs the period preceding the beginning of labor. Using Naegel’s revised rule strongly brings better results.
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2021
On February 19, 2020, the Iranian government officially confirmed the first deaths due to COVID-1... more On February 19, 2020, the Iranian government officially confirmed the first deaths due to COVID-19 and within a week, all universities were closed. The purpose of this study is to explore Iranian medical students' psychological and behavioral responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted on 52 medical students. Data were collected using a purposive sampling method by means of synchronous virtual focus group discussions which were conducted using the WhatsApp messaging application. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software version 2020. Data analysis resulted in the emergence of three categories consisting of psychological responses to the pandemic and the behavioral and psychological responses to the quarantine. Most of the extracted themes are related to students’ psychological reactions to the pandemic. During the quarantine period, students suffered from uncertainty, experienced boredom, worried about delay in their graduation, a...
BackgroundBirth dissatisfaction may increase the risk for postpartum depression and requests for ... more BackgroundBirth dissatisfaction may increase the risk for postpartum depression and requests for an elective cesarean for the next birth. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on the healthcare systems and their users in many aspects. We investigated predictors of birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women during the COVID-19 epidemics’ fifth wave.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 601 postpartum women admitted to postpartum wards of Mobini maternity hospital using a convenience sampling method between 2 Aug and 18 September 2021. We collected data on socio-demographic, obstetric, labor and birth, and psychological variables. We used the general linear model and multiple linear regression analyses to determine predictors of birth satisfaction.ResultsThe mean birth satisfaction score was 28.6±7.3. The percentages of mothers who gave birth by elective and emergency cesarean were 19.5% and 10.8%, respectively. Overall predictors...
Background: Childbirth dissatisfaction may reduce maternal tendency for subsequent pregnancies an... more Background: Childbirth dissatisfaction may reduce maternal tendency for subsequent pregnancies and increase maternal request for elective cesarean. This study aimed to investigate predictors of birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 767 women in early postpartum using a convenience sampling method in 2019. Women’s demographic/obstetrical information were collected. Women completed three questionnaires including the World Health Organization-5 well-being Index (WHO-5 well-being Index), the Birth Satisfaction scale-R (BSS-R), and the Wijma Delivery-Expectancy/experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) version B. We used univariate general linear model to investigate the relationships between independent variables and birth satisfaction scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine predictors of birth dissatisfaction. Results: The percentage of women who gave birth by elective cesarean, emergency cesare...
Payesh, 2017
Objective (s): It is more than a decade that pre-marriage counseling is launched in Iran. However... more Objective (s): It is more than a decade that pre-marriage counseling is launched in Iran. However, the quality of the program has not been changed despite changes in situation and coupleschr('39') needs. The aim of this study was to assess coupleschr('39') and counselorschr('39') perspectives towards the program in Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on 153 couples and 6 pre-marriage counseling providers in an urban health center in 2013, in Iran. The sample included couples participated in pre-marriage counseling program, and counseling providers. Sampling was performed purposefully through typical case sampling and expert sampling. Couples selection was done based on participants' educational level and socio-economic status. Thirty focus group discussions were performed to obtain couples and counseling providerschr('39') perspectives. Individuals' opinions was recorded and written. Content analysis was performed for data anal...
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Pregnancy anxiety that threatens maternal mental health has a negative impact on preg... more Background: Pregnancy anxiety that threatens maternal mental health has a negative impact on pregnancy outcomes and can develop even in a healthy pregnant woman with no depression or anxiety problems. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate pregnancy anxiety and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 322 pregnant women who were registered at health centers from November 2018 to March 2018. A random sampling method was applied to select eight health centers in the city. Using the SIB system, 40 pregnant women were randomly selected in each center. Selected women who came to health centers to receive prenatal care filled out the revised version of the Farsi anxiety scale for pregnancy (F-ASP-R). Inclusion criteria were, having the ability to read and lack of psychological disorders requiring treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and student t-test, analysis of varian...
Nursing Practice Today, 2021
Background & Aim: Fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety may affect the desire for normal deliv... more Background & Aim: Fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety may affect the desire for normal delivery. No study has investigated the effectiveness of solution-focused counseling on either pregnancy anxiety or all factors comprising fear of childbirth. We aimed to investigate the effects of solution-focused counseling in reducing pregnancy anxiety and fear of childbirth. Methods & Materials: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 132 nulliparous women in 2019. Participants with moderate to a severe fear of childbirth were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in five solution-focused counseling sessions. Before and after the intervention, women filled the anxiety scale for pregnancy and the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ). Data were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The two groups did not differ in terms of demographic and obstetric variables and pr...
Journal of midwifery and reproductive health, 2020
Background: A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is a rare uterine anomaly occurring in 1... more Background: A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is a rare uterine anomaly occurring in 1 out of 100,000 to 140,000 pregnancies. The diagnosis of this complication is conventionally difficult and missed, which may cause uterine rupture leading to hemoperitoneum. The standard treatment is the surgical excision of the horn through laparotomy. The aim of this report was to introduce a case of pregnancy in a rudimentary horn of the uterus. Case report: We present a 31-year old nulliparous woman at 19 weeks of gestation with a live fetus in a rudimentary horn. The first ultrasound showed a bicornuate uterus at 13 weeks. The patient was referred to Mobini Hospital with abdominal and epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Repeated blood tests, ultrasonography, and clinical signs raised the suspicion of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The diagnosis of a rudimentary horn pregnancy was made in the operative room. The rudimentary horn with the left tube was excised and the patient was di...
Introduction: Fear of childbirth increases obstetrical interventions, and causes complications fo... more Introduction: Fear of childbirth increases obstetrical interventions, and causes complications for mother and fetus and is one of the important factors affecting the increased rate of cesarean. This study was performed with aim to investigate the effects of childbirth preparation classes program on fear of normal vaginal delivery measured with Wijma Delivery-Expectancy questionnaire. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 132 nulliparous women in Sabzevar Health Centers during 2017-2018. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group participated in childbirth preparation classes and the control group received only the routine prenatal care. Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ) Version AB comparison of means showed difference between two groups (p=0.01). Conclusion: Childbirth preparation classes held in Sabzevar increased the fear of childbirth. Therefore, the content of this training course ...
International journal of humanities and social sciences, 2016
Purpose: Academic procrastination or putting off doing a task until tomorrow has been a common di... more Purpose: Academic procrastination or putting off doing a task until tomorrow has been a common disorder among students. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of academic procrastination among Sabzevar medical students and examine the relation between academic procrastination and well-being status in this population. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 498 students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. The inclusion criterion required participants to be undergraduate students. We used a stratified random sampling method to collect the data. Students filled out the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS) and the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Results: Students completed 400 questionnaires (response rate of 80%). The percentage of participants who were female, single, and resident in a dormitory were 76%, 78%, and 67% respectively. The mean score of the WHO-5 well-being index were 58.4 ± 20.7 (ranging from 0 to 100)...
Objectives: Individuals with psychological disorders usually present more somatic symptoms than n... more Objectives: Individuals with psychological disorders usually present more somatic symptoms than normal individuals. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal psychological state and somatic symptoms in pregnant mothers. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 225 pregnant mothers referring to eight comprehensive health centers on 1995. Accessible sampling was performed. The inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy with live and, healthy baby. Women with a history of psychological problems were excluded from the study. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, general Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and somatic symptom checklist. Analyses were performed with SPSS-18 software using chi-square test, Fisher exact test, t-test, and logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 27.7±6.2. 41.7 of mothers were primigravida and 18.2 of pregnancies were unwanted. The mean score of GHQ was 19.85±13...
The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and psychological status of primiparous v... more The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and psychological status of primiparous versus multiparous women during pregnancy and postpartum. A quality of life (QOL) questionnaire and a general health questionnaire (GHQ28) were filled out in the third trimester of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum by 273 pregnant women visiting health centers. In both periods the mean scores of QOL were higher in primiparous than the multiparous (P=.003, P=.026). During the pregnancy, the mean score of GHQ28 was lower in primiparous than multiparous (P=.005). Multiparity affects negatively women’s psychological state and quality of life during pregnancy.
International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences, 2017
Introduction Pregnancy is a special period in a woman's life characterized by rapid physiological... more Introduction Pregnancy is a special period in a woman's life characterized by rapid physiological, psychological, and social changes during a relatively short period that may predispose women to anxiety (1). A variety of issues in pregnancy may provoke anxiety in women. Among such issues are worries about childbirth and health of the baby, quality of care during labor, the extent of husbands' support and involvement in maternal health care, and the level of support from relatives and friends (2,3). Pregnancy anxiety is different from general anxiety. It is a relatively distinct syndrome which is provoked by pregnancy-specific fears and worries (4). Women who are anxious, experience both emotional and somatic symptoms such as worry, muscle pain, palpitation, insomnia, and gastrointestinal discomfort (2). It has been suggested that high levels of pregnancy-related anxiety play a role in preterm birth (5-8), postpartum depression, and caesarean (7). In addition, it could affect fetal, infant and child development (7,9). Several studies have highlighted the need for the routine measurement of pregnancy anxiety during pregnancy to enable the design of appropriate interventions (10-13). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a widely used measure of general anxiety, has also been commonly used in research on pregnancy anxiety (14). The STAI scale is suitable for assessing the general level of anxiety, but it does not measure pregnancy-specific stressors (2). Another critique of the use of STAI scale for measuring pregnancy-related anxiety is that it might not predict maternal and child outcomes (2,15,16). The results of a study showed that whereas childbirth-specific anxiety was an important predictor of childbirth duration, general anxiety as measured by the STAI had no predictive value in this regard (17). It is, therefore, important to design and validate an appropriate instrument for measuring pregnancy anxiety. Since pregnancy-related anxiety involves multiple factors related to infant, mother, and childbirth, it needs to be measured by a specialized multidimensional instrument. Apart from some instruments in a true or false format, few instruments for measuring pregnancy-related anxiety are at present available which can measure the severity of anxiety (2) and which also have a clear factorial structure. Levin examined the factorial structure of the Pregnancy
Journal of hayat, 2019
Background & Aim: Pregnancy is one of the enjoyable and evolutionary aspects of women’s l... more Background & Aim: Pregnancy is one of the enjoyable and evolutionary aspects of women’s life, which is often associated with many stresses and concerns. Counseling is one of the most appropriate interventions to reduce concerns and increase the decision-making power of pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the effect of solution-focused group counseling on pregnant women’s worries. Methods & Materials: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 108 pregnant women with gestational age of 6 to 19 weeks and a score of worry ≥55, from May to September 2017 in health centers of Sabzevar University of Medical. The intervention group received a solution-focused counseling and the control group received routine prenatal care. Concerns of pregnant women were evaluated before, after, and two months after the intervention using the Farsi version of Cambridge Worry Scale. The data were analyzed using t-test, chisquare, and repeated measure analysis of variance through the SPSS software version 22. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean score of worry before the study was 58.9±5.9 for the intervention group and 58.8±4.37 for the control group, and no significant difference was observed. After the intervention, these values for the intervention group and the control group were 34.6±13.3 and 57.7±8.78, respectively. Two months after the study, these values were 31.1±10.1 and 54.6±10.9, respectively. The analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that pregnant women’s concerns about childbirth, fetal health, maternal health, and family relationships were significantly reduced after the intervention and two months later (P<0.001). Women’s worries about socioeconomic issues were not significantly reduced after the intervention and two months later in comparison with the control group (P=0.563). Conclusion: The solution-focused counseling is an effective way to reduce pregnant women’s concerns about maternal and fetal health, family relationships and childbirth. It can be used in conjunction with pregnancy care.
Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 2012
Background: Despite expanded coverage of family planning in Iran, unwanted pregnancy is a common ... more Background: Despite expanded coverage of family planning in Iran, unwanted pregnancy is a common problem. The aim of this study was to explore women’s experiences of unwanted pregnancy in Shahroud public health centers. Methods: Purposive Sampling was conducted by means of focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews and by a semi-constructed questionnaire in this qualitative research. Five (FGDs) with 23 women in third trimester in pregnancy and 4 in-depth interviews with women with history of induced abortion were done. The method of Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Results of the study can be divided into 4 categories: causes of naming pregnancy as an unwanted pregnancy, causes of unwanted pregnancy; husband, family and relatives’ reaction to unwanted pregnancy and the process of acceptance of unwanted pregnancy. Not planning for pregnancy due to physical, emotional and financial non-readiness for pregnancy and believe in two child policy were th...
Nursing Practice Today, 2020
Introduction: A complete heart block is a cardiac electrical conduction disorder with a very rare... more Introduction: A complete heart block is a cardiac electrical conduction disorder with a very rare occurrence in pregnancy, which may be asymptomatic. There are no specific guidelines for the management of asymptomatic complete heart block in labor, vaginal delivery, and cesarean with only a few reports of cesarean management of patients with complete heart block. Case report: A 30-year-old woman, Gravida 4, abortion 3, gestational age of 41 weeks without any specific problems, was referred to our maternity hospital. The pulse rate and blood pressure were 68 and 60/110, respectively. Labor was induced with oxytocin and, after three hours, was discontinued due to late decelerations of fetal heart rate. Electrocardiography confirmed a maternal pulse rate of 42. Cardiac consultation led to the diagnosis of a complete heart block. Due to the frequent late decelerations of fetal heart rate and no response to atropine therapy, the patient was a candidate for a cesarean. Before cesarean, th...
Nursing Open, 2021
To investigate predictors of low birth satisfaction in a sample of Iranian postpartum women.
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2021
Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) may contribute to postpartum depression, impaired maternal-in... more Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) may contribute to postpartum depression, impaired maternal-infant relation, and preference for cesarean in future pregnancies. We aimed to investigate predictors of FOC and normal vaginal birth among postpartum women who had planned for a normal vaginal birth. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 with postpartum women during the first 24 h after the birth. A sample of 662 women, selected using a convenient sampling method, filled out the questionnaire composed of socio-demographic and obstetric questions and the Wijma Delivery-Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ). We used multiple logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of FOC and normal vaginal birth. Results The percentage of women with mild (score ≤ 37), moderate (38–65), high (66–84), severe (85–99), and intense FOC (score ≥ 100) were 7.9, 19.5, 40.9, 21.1, and 10.6% respectively. Predictors of intense FOC were age < 30, primiparity, low maternal satisfaction wi...
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2021
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of crowded places such as universities and r... more BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of crowded places such as universities and replaced face-to-face learning with virtual education. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the challenges of virtual learning from the students' perspectives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted on students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Purposeful sampling was performed by semi-structured group interviews on the Internet in the WhatsApp social network. Fifty-two nursing, midwifery, hygiene, and paramedical students were interviewed. Every interview was started by asking the question “what is your experience about virtual teaching?” The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software version 2020. According to the steps of qualitative content analysis, content analysis was performed and the themes were extracted. RESULTS: Fifty-two students were interviewed in eight group sessions. Qualitative data analysis leads to the extraction of 23 codes, 7 categories, and the 2 main themes; dissatisfaction with virtual education with 4 categories (lack of feedback, communication channel problems, the unpreparedness of the message receiver, and weakness in educational content) and solutions to the modification of virtual teaching with three categories (possibility of receiving feedback, channel improvement, and strengthening educational content) were extracted. The highest frequency of code was related to the dissatisfaction with the uploaded contents. CONCLUSIONS: Virtual education has created a negative experience among students for various reasons, including the lack of distance learning infrastructure and the lack of a standard for preparing quality content. Therefore, it is necessary for the officials of the Education Development Center to supervise the prepared contents and improve distance learning infrastructure.
Share Link: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1hbbOydlUDbLG Background Pregnancy and childbirth m... more Share Link:
https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1hbbOydlUDbLG
Background
Pregnancy and childbirth may provoke various emotional responses in expectant fathers including
excessive fear of childbirth. It is not unreasonable to assume that fear of contracting the virus during the
COVID-19 pandemic, may have intensied fathers' fear of childbirth. This study aims to determine the
mediating role of the expectant mothers’ fear of childbirth in the relationship between expectant fathers’
fear of COVID-19 and their fear of childbirth.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 pregnant women and their spouses attending health
centers from Aug 2021 to April 2022. Fathers’ fear of childbirth scale (FFCS), Wijma Delivery
Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A), and Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) were used to
collect data. To examine the relationships between variables and to develop the nal model, we used the
structural equation model (SEM).
Results
The prevalence of severe fear of childbirth in fathers and their female spouses were 40.9% and 22.4%,
respectively. The mean score and standard deviation of fear of childbirth in the fathers and their female
spouses were 49.2±17.1 and 62.5±29.4, respectively. Results showed that fathers’ fear of COVID-19 was
directly (B=0.44, p=0.004) and indirectly (B=0.13, p=0.015) associated with fathers’ fear of childbirth.
Also, women’s fear of childbirth was positively associated with fathers’ fear of childbirth (B=0.45,
p=0.030). In the nal model, the values of χ2/df, CFI, PCFI, RMSEA, and SRMR were equal to 2.32, 0.94,
0.76, 0.07, and 0.06, respectively.
Conclusions
The ndings of the present study indicate that mothers’ fear of childbirth has a mediating role in the
relationship between fathers’ fear of COVID and fear of childbirth. Therefore, to alleviate fathers’ fear of
childbirth, interventions to reduce fathers’ fear of COVID-19 and women’s fear of childbirth should be
developed and implemented. The impact of fathers’ mental health on the fear of childbirth in expectant
couples should be further investigated.