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Newspaper articles by Ferdinand Philip F Victoria

This newspaper article appeared in the January 2015 issue of the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan Ne... more This newspaper article appeared in the January 2015 issue of the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News, page 10.

This newspaper article appeared in the November 2014 issue of the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan N... more This newspaper article appeared in the November 2014 issue of the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News, page 10.

Appeared in Filipio-Australian Bayanihan News, pages 10 to 14.

Appeared in Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News, June 2014, pages 10-14.

This article talks about two cases involving civilian relations in Manila during the Philippine-A... more This article talks about two cases involving civilian relations in Manila during the Philippine-American War. This appeared at the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of September 2014.

In the light of the aggressive 'war-on-drugs' policy of the Duterte government, this article echo... more In the light of the aggressive 'war-on-drugs' policy of the Duterte government, this article echoes a similar event that occurred on March 1, 1908. Known as 'Black Sunday', the American colonial state ushered in a new era where criminalization of the drug trade and use ultimately became the global norm. It overturned a view that was upheld as late as 1895 that recreational drug (opiate use) did not constitute a public health threat.

As a side note, a Filipino teacher by the name of Santiago Gonzalez from Bais was asked in 1905 about his opinion on absolutely prohibiting drugs. His comments would sound very familiar to Filipinos today:

"In the extinction of an evil which is menacing us so greatly, an evil worse than cholera itself, I am of the opinion that the only efficacious remedy is absolute prohibition. It matters not that a few hundred may be killed as a result, for in return we shall overcome an evil that threatens to destroy the majority of the Filipino people."

The article appears in the Filipino Bayanihan News issue of July 2016.

This is a brief article about the history of time reckoning in the Philippines beginning with the... more This is a brief article about the history of time reckoning in the Philippines beginning with the shift to the Gregorian calendar in the 16th century up to the recent experiments with Daylight Savings Time (DST). This was published in the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of March 2015.

This article recounts the reaction of Filipino and American presses upon the death of Apolinario ... more This article recounts the reaction of Filipino and American presses upon the death of Apolinario Mabini in May 1903. Ranging from the absurd to the emotional, the reactions captured a snapshot of the Filipino national sentiment at a time when the memory of the Philippine-American War had not died down. This appeared in the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of July 2014.

This is a counterfactual (What if?) discussion of one possible outcome during the fateful days of... more This is a counterfactual (What if?) discussion of one possible outcome during the fateful days of the Philippine People Power Revolution of February 1986. The article argues in favor of a reverse counterfactual: Corazon Aquino still heads the new Philippine government but without the goodwill established by People Power. The article was serialized in two parts (with a modified title) in the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of March and April 2014.

A brief account on the creation of the Opium Investigating Committee and the Philippine Opium Rep... more A brief account on the creation of the Opium Investigating Committee and the Philippine Opium Report of 1905, which was a major influence in the shift towards a prohibition-based global regime against the recreational use of drugs. This appeared in the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of December 2014.

A more detailed analysis of the report has appeared in "The Most Humane of Any that Could be Adopted: The Philippine Opium Committee Report and the Imagining of the Opium Consumer’s World in the Colonial Philippines, 1903-1905." In Towards a Filipino History: A Festschrift for Zeus A. Salazar. Portia Reyes, ed. (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015). 88-156.

This is an account of the run-up to the 1937 plebiscite that finally granted Filipino women the r... more This is an account of the run-up to the 1937 plebiscite that finally granted Filipino women the right to vote. This appeared in the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of August 2014.

This is the second part of an article on Tan Malaka and the role of Filipino politicians like Jos... more This is the second part of an article on Tan Malaka and the role of Filipino politicians like Jose Abad Santos and Manuel Quezon played in the fight to prevent Malaka's extradition. It appeared on the Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News issue of May 2015. Erratum on the penultimate sentence: it should read '1927' instead of 1937. Typographical error.

The Indonesian Tan Malaka once used the Philippines as his base of operations in 1926 and 1927. T... more The Indonesian Tan Malaka once used the Philippines as his base of operations in 1926 and 1927. The account is based on his memoir "From Jail to Jail" and talks about how he was able to enter the Philippines as a 'Filipino'. This was published in the April 2015 issue Bayanihan News, a Filipino-Australian newspaper.

Book chapters by Ferdinand Philip F Victoria

Ito ay isang pagtalakay sa implementasyon ng Overseas Voting at Dual Citizenship sa ilalim ng Kon... more Ito ay isang pagtalakay sa implementasyon ng Overseas Voting at Dual Citizenship sa ilalim ng Konsulado Heneral ng Sydney mula 2003 hanggang 2008 at ang naging pagtugon ng komunidad ng mga Pilipino sa lugar ng New South Wales at New Caledonia. Makikita na sa kabila ng mga naging hamon sa implementasyon nito, naging bukas ang pagtanggap ng komunidad sa kambal na batas na ito, isang patunay sa pagnanais na patuloy na pagtibayin ng mga lokal na komunidad ang kanilang ugnayan sa Pilipinas.

Kasama rin sa artikulong ito ang Introduksyon sa tomo ng editor na si Atoy Navarro.

Lumabas sa Pantayong Pananaw: Pagyabong ng Talastasan (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015).

This essay analyzes the circumstances behind the creation and the content of the Philippine Opium... more This essay analyzes the circumstances behind the creation and the content of the Philippine Opium Report of 1905, a document that laid a crucial foundation in the narrative of the origin of the global "war against drugs" policy. This study argues that the Filipino elite who collaborated in the Report's creation helped and actively shaped this policy by highlighting descriptions of runaway opium use in the Philippines. In the process, they also provided a glimpse into the opium consumer's world at the turn of the 20th century. This essay appeared in Towards a Filipino History: A Festschrift for Zeus A. Salazar. Portia Reyes, ed. (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015). 88-156.

This is a brief discussion on the history and composition of the resource persons and data obtain... more This is a brief discussion on the history and composition of the resource persons and data obtained towards the writing of the 1905 Philippine Opium Report. A majority of the resource persons and data obtained and used in the Report were from the Visayas region of Central Philippines. A more detailed treatment of the Opium Report is found in "The Most Humane of Any that Could be Adopted: The Philippine Opium Committee Report and the Imagining of the Opium Consumer’s World in the Colonial Philippines, 1903-1905." In Towards a Filipino History: A Festschrift for Zeus A. Salazar. Portia Reyes, ed. (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015) 88-156. This article appeared in
Panahon ng Transisyon at Krisis ng Lipunan at Kalinangan ng Kapilipinuhan (1890-1913); Huling Baytang ng “Pagkabuo ng Bayan (1588-1913),” Pangalawang Bahagi ng Kasaysayan ng Kapilipinuhan (500,000/250,000 BK-2015 MK). (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015). 412-427

Journal articles by Ferdinand Philip F Victoria

Kaningningan, 2022

Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito ang talakayin ang mga kontemporaryong pagtingin tungkol kay Jose Riza... more Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito ang talakayin ang mga kontemporaryong pagtingin tungkol kay Jose Rizal ng mga manunulat at iskolar na Indones. Mula sa pagsipat na isinagawa gamit ang mga online na batis, masasabi na ang kasalukuyang antas ng kontemporaryong iskolarsyip tungkol kay Rizal sa Indonesia ay limitado lamang. Gayunpaman, nananatili pa rin ang kasalukuyang interes kay Rizal mula sa Indonesia dahil sa pagkakilanlan sa mga tagapamagitang iskolar o mula sa larangan ng diplomatikong ugnayan. Bibigyang pansin ng artikulo ang mga naturang pag-aaral na ito at tatalakayin ang posibilidad ng pagyabong ng bagong talastasan tungkol kay Rizal at ugnayang Pilipinas-Indonesia sa hinaharap.

Jurnal Sejarah, 2020

Three pieces of correspondence from the Philippine President Manuel L. Quezon Papers located at the National Library of the Philippines helps to shed some light about Tan Malaka’s activity. The letters reveal that at least around April and May 1928, Tan Malaka made attempts through his Filipino contacts to re-establish direct correspondence with Quezon, who sympathized with him during the deportation proceedings. In his main letter, Malaka offers his support for Quezon’s leadership in the aftermath of the latter’s opposition against the recently-deceased American Governor-General Leonard Wood. He then presents an analysis and vision for a pan-Malayan union and explains how this can fit in with the nationalist sentiments of the colonized peoples. However, it is also notable that the ideas expressed in this communication appear to have been motivated and overshadowed by a desire to enlist Quezon’s support for his re-entry to the Philippines.

This is an expanded and revised version of a paper presented at the Malay World Conference held at De La Salle University Manila on September 2017.

Saliksik, 2018

This article aims to explain the context behind Jose Rizal's references to opium and opium use wi... more This article aims to explain the context behind Jose Rizal's references to opium and opium use within the Noli and Fili and their connections with the development of opium policy in the Philippines. Viewed through this lens, it is argued that Rizal's references to it formed a critique of the colonial administration's policy of limited legalization of opium, which was viewed as a hallmark of imperial modernity, a pathway towards financial solvency and a best practice adopted by Southeast Asian regimes in the nineteenth century. This exploration hopes to add towards a better appreciation of Rizal's novels as a form of sociopolitical commentary.

This article is written in Filipino and published in Saliksik e-journal, vol.7, issue 1 (February 2018), pages 133-191 as part of a Festschrift for Prof. Nilo Ocampo, a Rizal scholar.

You may access the article through this link:
https://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=1117

Historical Bulletin, 2017

A revised and updated version of a 2016 Philippine Historical Association (PHA) conference paper.... more A revised and updated version of a 2016 Philippine Historical Association (PHA) conference paper.

As the flame of the 1896 Philippine Revolution was engulfing the island of Luzon, a small party of Revenue Inspectors of the Spanish colonial government was busy conducting its inquiry regarding a blatant violation of the terms by the current contractor of the Iloilo-Antique opium franchise. However, it was not so much as the nature of violation that stood out but rather the response it generated from the central government that reflected the inherent weaknesses of outsourcing such ventures by the nineteenth-century colonial state.

The focus of this article is to situate the 1896 findings within the larger context of the privately-run opium contracting system in the late Spanish Philippines. It argues that although the monopoly was usually a lucrative venture for contractors, one contributing factor in its success as a business venture was the laxity in the implementation of the rules regarding the contract system of the Spanish colonial government. The goal of this analysis is similar to what historian Ashley Wright argues in her study of the opium regime in British Burma, "to obtain a better understanding of the nature of the relationship between opium regulation and the exercise of imperial power ". The clash of views between the colonial officials and the outgoing opium contractor in the case of the Iloilo-Antique franchise offers an interesting case study of how power was contested and renegotiated by both sides over the consumption of a substance that assured a steady revenue stream for Spain during its years of decline in the Philippines.

Appeared in Filipio-Australian Bayanihan News, pages 10 to 14.

Appeared in Filipino-Australian Bayanihan News, June 2014, pages 10-14.

The article appears in the Filipino Bayanihan News issue of July 2016.

Kasama rin sa artikulong ito ang Introduksyon sa tomo ng editor na si Atoy Navarro.

Lumabas sa Pantayong Pananaw: Pagyabong ng Talastasan (Quezon City: BAKAS, 2015).

Kaningningan, 2022

Jurnal Sejarah, 2020

This is an expanded and revised version of a paper presented at the Malay World Conference held at De La Salle University Manila on September 2017.

Saliksik, 2018

This article is written in Filipino and published in Saliksik e-journal, vol.7, issue 1 (February 2018), pages 133-191 as part of a Festschrift for Prof. Nilo Ocampo, a Rizal scholar.

You may access the article through this link:
https://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=1117

Historical Bulletin, 2017

The article is an attempt to survey the historical literature and other forms of media on the Ind... more The article is an attempt to survey the historical literature and other forms of media on the Indonesian nationalist and radical Tan Malaka (1897-1949) from 2010 to 2014. While there is no new primary research introduced apart from reinterpretations of Harry Poeze's authoritative study, Tan Malaka's legacy appears to be in the process of rehabilitation from a communist outcast towards the open-minded Marxist nationalist. This reframing of the narrative on Malaka is not without its detractors though- proof that Malaka's legacy is still controversial. This article has now appeared in the Salaysay e-journal's November 2015 issue, pages 55-88. (In Filipino/Tagalog)

For more articles on the ASEAN Issue, the Open Access Salaysay E-Journal link is:
http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/saliksik/?p=541

The text draft of the article that appeared in the July 2016 of Bayanihan News.

In 1896, an inspection was conducted by two teams of government functionaries regarding the opera... more In 1896, an inspection was conducted by two teams of government functionaries regarding the operation of the opium farm of what then covered both the provinces of Iloilo and Antique. To their surprise, their investigations revealed irregularities in the implementation of the terms and conditions of the opium contract, which was generating an income of 30,000 pesos a year around that same period.

The focus of this paper is to analyze the findings of the report and situate it within the larger context of the privately-run opium farming system in the late colonial Philippines. It argues that although opium revenue farming was usually a lucrative venture for contractors, a contributing factor in its success as a business venture lay in the support, or the lack of it, given by the Spanish colonial government. In this case, the casual attitudes and responses of colonial officials reflected the laxity of government monitoring in favor of prioritizing the consumption of a substance that assured a steady revenue stream in the dying days of the Spanish colonial empire in the Pacific.

A pre-recorded presentation of the condensed version of the paper was made for the Philippine Historical Association (PHA) Conference entitled "Philippine Governance: Historical Perspectives" held at Ateneo de Davao on August 20, 2016. The link to the YouTube video can be found below or type "Iloilo Opium Report.".

Copies of the slide are available at the PHA Website through this link:
http://pha-kasaysayan.com/opium-farming-system-bureaucratic-malaise-late-spanish-philippines-1896-iloilo-inspection-reports/

Noted biographers of the Indonesian nationalist Tan Malaka (1897-1949) such as Helen Jarvis and H... more Noted biographers of the Indonesian nationalist Tan Malaka (1897-1949) such as Helen Jarvis and Harry Poeze have described his sojourn in China from 1928 to 1932 as a lacuna since there is a dearth of direct information about his political activity. The gap is evident in his autobiography Dari Penjara ke Penjara, which Poeze claims is a deliberate attempt to cover his reconciliation with the Comintern. Three pieces of correspondence from the Philippine President Manuel L. Quezon Papers located at the National Library of the Philippines helps to shed some light about Tan Malaka’s activity. The letters reveal that at least around April and May 1928, Tan Malaka made attempts through his Filipino contacts to re-establish direct correspondence with Quezon, who sympathized with him during the deportation proceedings. In his main letter, Malaka offers his support for Quezon’s leadership in the aftermath of the latter’s opposition against the recently-deceased American Governor-General Leon...

Saliksik , 2020

Inaanyayahan ang mga kontributyor na pagmuni-munihan o siyasatin ang mga sumusunod na paksa: [0... more Inaanyayahan ang mga kontributyor na pagmuni-munihan o siyasatin ang mga sumusunod na paksa:

[01] Kasaysayan ng mga partikular na bisyo at/o adiksyon sa lipunang Pilipino; mga anyo at epektong panlipunan ng mga partikular na bisyo at/o adiksyon; mga tao, institusyon, sistema o network na may kaugnayan sa kalakalan ng bisyo at/o adiksyon; mga tao, patakaran at/o institusyong may kinalaman sa legalisasyon, kriminalisasyon, pagkontrol o pagsugpo ng mga partikular na bisyo at/o adiksyon; kasaysayan at kultura ng konsumsyon, kriminalisasyon, pagpaparusa o rehabilitasyon kaugnay ng bisyo at/o adiksyon.

[02] Mga kasaysayan at pagpapakahulugan ng mga partikular na bisyo at/o adiksyon sa Pilipinas sa panitikan, media, sining-biswal, sa social media at cyberspace; mga pagbabalangkas at isyung konseptwal sa pagpopook at pag-unawa tungkol sa bisyo at adiksyon sa kamalayang Pilipino; mga komparatibong pagsusuri ng partikular na bisyo at/o adiksyon sa Pilipinas at ibang bansa.

Contributors are invited to reflect or explore the following topics:

1. Histories of vices and/or addictions in Philippine society; forms and social impact of specific vices and/or addictions; personalities, institutions, systems or networks in connection with the trade in vice and/or addiction; personalities and/or institutions connected with policies of legalization, criminalization, control or suppression of specific vices and/or addictions; histories and cultures of consumption, crime, punishment or rehabilitation in connection with vices and/or addictions.

2. Histories and meanings of of specific vices and/or addictions in literature, media, visual arts, social media and cyberspace; conceptual issues, discourses and theoretical frameworks in locating and understanding vices and/or addictions from the Philippine perspective; comparative studies of specific vices and/or addictions in the Philippines and other countries.

Deadline of submission: 29 February 2020

Book reviews are also welcome.
Articles and reviews must be written in Filipino.
Rules and procedures for submissions are found in the attachment.