Se-Gun Song | UTS - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Se-Gun Song

Vietnam social sciences, Nov 15, 2023

The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in soci... more The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in social policies in Vietnam. The idea of intersectionality suggests that the impact of social policy varies depending on how social stratifiers such as gender, class, race, education, disability, and sexuality interact to create different outcomes. Policies that are targeted at the general public without considering the impact on diverse groups risk exacerbating their disadvantaged position. Gender analysis is a first step to achieving equitable policy outcomes and how intersectionality is operationalised. The study undertook content analysis of 70 reports published in Vietnam on the various fields of social policy, including health, education, employment, housing, ethnic minority, social cohesion and climate change. The research findings indicate that gender analysis is yet to prevail as a standard practice in social policy in Vietnam. Some strategies are identified for how gender analysis and intersectionality can be better promoted to bring about more equitable policy outcomes for Vietnamese women, resulting in improved women's rights in a non-political and non-confrontational manner.

Vietnam Social Science, 2023

The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in soci... more The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in social policies in Vietnam. The idea of intersectionality suggests that the impact of social policy varies depending on how social stratifiers such as gender, class, race, education, disability, and sexuality interact to create different outcomes. Policies that are targeted at the general public without considering the impact on diverse groups risk exacerbating their disadvantaged position. Gender analysis is a first step to achieving equitable policy outcomes and how intersectionality is operationalised. The study undertook content analysis of 70 reports published in Vietnam on the various fields of social policy, including health, education, employment, housing, ethnic minority, social cohesion and climate change. The research findings indicate that gender analysis is yet to prevail as a standard practice in social policy in Vietnam. Some strategies are identified for how gender analysis and intersectionality can be better promoted to bring about more equitable policy outcomes for Vietnamese women, resulting in improved women's rights in a non-political and non-confrontational manner.

Sociology Vietnam, 2021

Despite the growing popularity of social enterprise as a social policy, the field of social ente... more Despite the growing popularity of social enterprise as a social policy, the field of social enterprise lacks a clear epistemology and a paradigmatic status. This poses both challenges and opportunities for the social enterprises in Vietnam. Fundamentally, social enterprise is a unique dynamic that emerged from between the spheres of market, government and civil societies. How these institutions are configurated in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is vastly different from in Western countries, where the concept of social enterprise was developed. Key institutional players such as government, professional bodies and foreign NGOs also play an important role in developing social enterprise discourses and narratives. The article examines four major impulses that have been identified as giving rise to social enterprise and leading to the development of different discursive traditions in Vietnam namely cooperatives, social enterprise established by social entrepreneurs in the private sector, social enterprise incubated by professional intermediaries and social enterprise associated with NGOs. The article also outlines policy implications that each tradition presents with its dominance.
This article aims to open up discussions and inform policy makers, researchers and practitioners of social enterprise in Vietnam that the very process of conceptualising social enterprise has significant effects on the ways that social enterprises are established and practiced.

Chapter 5 Research Findings 83 Chapter 6 Conclusion 133 Bibliography 137 Definitions of key terms... more Chapter 5 Research Findings 83 Chapter 6 Conclusion 133 Bibliography 137 Definitions of key terms Settlement policy Settlement policy is defined as a set of policies designed to assist the settlement of immigrants and refugees in Australia. It refers to a set of policies developed by the government, in particular, the Department of Immigration, and mainly implemented through the settlement service sector. Historically, it was first developed and introduced in the late 1970s after the Galbally Report was launched. Services such as hostels for migrants and English class were provided in the 1950s and can be viewed as a starting point of the settlement policy in Australia (National Archives of Australia, 2013). In 2010 the Department of Immigration and Citizenship supported approximately 150 Settlement Grant Program (SGP) and Integrated Humanitarian Service Scheme (IHSS) positions across the country. Their role was to implement the settlement service through a contractual agreement with the Department of Immigration. The majority of SGP positions are community-based but funded by the Department of Immigration. The policy includes English language education, housing provision, health, income support, orientation to a new country and community capacity building, to name a few. However, in this research a broad definition of settlement services is used. Under this broad definition, services that assist the settlement of immigrants and refugees are also a part of settlement service although they are not funded under SGP or IHSS. African refugee discourse African refugee discourse can be defined as 'any written or spoken communication produced on African refugees in Australia'. It refers to what is said and written about African refugees, including that which is produced by the government, welfare service agencies, the mass media and the public. Here, African refugees are defined as 'refugees from African backgrounds who came to Australia under the Australian government's immigration policy'. This does not include African refugees in refugee camps overseas. Neo-liberalism Neo liberalism in this research refers to political economic philosophy or government policies based on such a philosophy, which is characterised by market oriented reforms. It rejects the Keynesian idea of a greater government role in the management of macroeconomics but instead focuses on the liberalisation of markets through various measures such as deregulation of financial institutions, privatisation of state enterprises, international trade liberalisation and tightened fiscal policy, particularly in relation to welfare state expenditure. Some of the features of globalisation such as vulnerability of domestic markets in developing countries against terms of trade and international movement of speculative flows of capital, are attributed to the rise of neo-liberalism. Chapter Summaries Chapter 2 is a review of the relevant literature on theoretical frameworks applied in this study. Michelle Foucault's key concepts such as discourse, power and knowledge, and governmentality are reviewed as various mechanisms of producing knowledge and how such knowledge set conditions and discursive relations for subjects. The chapter outlines the theoretical framework upon which the study of refugee discourse and analysis of settlement services is based.

Vietnam social sciences, Nov 15, 2023

The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in soci... more The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in social policies in Vietnam. The idea of intersectionality suggests that the impact of social policy varies depending on how social stratifiers such as gender, class, race, education, disability, and sexuality interact to create different outcomes. Policies that are targeted at the general public without considering the impact on diverse groups risk exacerbating their disadvantaged position. Gender analysis is a first step to achieving equitable policy outcomes and how intersectionality is operationalised. The study undertook content analysis of 70 reports published in Vietnam on the various fields of social policy, including health, education, employment, housing, ethnic minority, social cohesion and climate change. The research findings indicate that gender analysis is yet to prevail as a standard practice in social policy in Vietnam. Some strategies are identified for how gender analysis and intersectionality can be better promoted to bring about more equitable policy outcomes for Vietnamese women, resulting in improved women's rights in a non-political and non-confrontational manner.

Vietnam Social Science, 2023

The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in soci... more The study assesses the extent to which intersectionality and gender analysis are embedded in social policies in Vietnam. The idea of intersectionality suggests that the impact of social policy varies depending on how social stratifiers such as gender, class, race, education, disability, and sexuality interact to create different outcomes. Policies that are targeted at the general public without considering the impact on diverse groups risk exacerbating their disadvantaged position. Gender analysis is a first step to achieving equitable policy outcomes and how intersectionality is operationalised. The study undertook content analysis of 70 reports published in Vietnam on the various fields of social policy, including health, education, employment, housing, ethnic minority, social cohesion and climate change. The research findings indicate that gender analysis is yet to prevail as a standard practice in social policy in Vietnam. Some strategies are identified for how gender analysis and intersectionality can be better promoted to bring about more equitable policy outcomes for Vietnamese women, resulting in improved women's rights in a non-political and non-confrontational manner.

Sociology Vietnam, 2021

Despite the growing popularity of social enterprise as a social policy, the field of social ente... more Despite the growing popularity of social enterprise as a social policy, the field of social enterprise lacks a clear epistemology and a paradigmatic status. This poses both challenges and opportunities for the social enterprises in Vietnam. Fundamentally, social enterprise is a unique dynamic that emerged from between the spheres of market, government and civil societies. How these institutions are configurated in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is vastly different from in Western countries, where the concept of social enterprise was developed. Key institutional players such as government, professional bodies and foreign NGOs also play an important role in developing social enterprise discourses and narratives. The article examines four major impulses that have been identified as giving rise to social enterprise and leading to the development of different discursive traditions in Vietnam namely cooperatives, social enterprise established by social entrepreneurs in the private sector, social enterprise incubated by professional intermediaries and social enterprise associated with NGOs. The article also outlines policy implications that each tradition presents with its dominance.
This article aims to open up discussions and inform policy makers, researchers and practitioners of social enterprise in Vietnam that the very process of conceptualising social enterprise has significant effects on the ways that social enterprises are established and practiced.

Chapter 5 Research Findings 83 Chapter 6 Conclusion 133 Bibliography 137 Definitions of key terms... more Chapter 5 Research Findings 83 Chapter 6 Conclusion 133 Bibliography 137 Definitions of key terms Settlement policy Settlement policy is defined as a set of policies designed to assist the settlement of immigrants and refugees in Australia. It refers to a set of policies developed by the government, in particular, the Department of Immigration, and mainly implemented through the settlement service sector. Historically, it was first developed and introduced in the late 1970s after the Galbally Report was launched. Services such as hostels for migrants and English class were provided in the 1950s and can be viewed as a starting point of the settlement policy in Australia (National Archives of Australia, 2013). In 2010 the Department of Immigration and Citizenship supported approximately 150 Settlement Grant Program (SGP) and Integrated Humanitarian Service Scheme (IHSS) positions across the country. Their role was to implement the settlement service through a contractual agreement with the Department of Immigration. The majority of SGP positions are community-based but funded by the Department of Immigration. The policy includes English language education, housing provision, health, income support, orientation to a new country and community capacity building, to name a few. However, in this research a broad definition of settlement services is used. Under this broad definition, services that assist the settlement of immigrants and refugees are also a part of settlement service although they are not funded under SGP or IHSS. African refugee discourse African refugee discourse can be defined as 'any written or spoken communication produced on African refugees in Australia'. It refers to what is said and written about African refugees, including that which is produced by the government, welfare service agencies, the mass media and the public. Here, African refugees are defined as 'refugees from African backgrounds who came to Australia under the Australian government's immigration policy'. This does not include African refugees in refugee camps overseas. Neo-liberalism Neo liberalism in this research refers to political economic philosophy or government policies based on such a philosophy, which is characterised by market oriented reforms. It rejects the Keynesian idea of a greater government role in the management of macroeconomics but instead focuses on the liberalisation of markets through various measures such as deregulation of financial institutions, privatisation of state enterprises, international trade liberalisation and tightened fiscal policy, particularly in relation to welfare state expenditure. Some of the features of globalisation such as vulnerability of domestic markets in developing countries against terms of trade and international movement of speculative flows of capital, are attributed to the rise of neo-liberalism. Chapter Summaries Chapter 2 is a review of the relevant literature on theoretical frameworks applied in this study. Michelle Foucault's key concepts such as discourse, power and knowledge, and governmentality are reviewed as various mechanisms of producing knowledge and how such knowledge set conditions and discursive relations for subjects. The chapter outlines the theoretical framework upon which the study of refugee discourse and analysis of settlement services is based.