Akira Hori | Hannover Medical School (original) (raw)
Papers by Akira Hori
PubMed, Aug 16, 1976
A rare case of dyscranio-pygo-phalangia was studied neuropathologically. The patient was a 19 day... more A rare case of dyscranio-pygo-phalangia was studied neuropathologically. The patient was a 19 days old boy, who showed multiple anomalies: protuberance of forehead, narrow eye fissures, microphthalmos, micrognathia, microauriculae with dysplasia, hexadactylia of extremities, cryptorchism, asymmetric thorax, congenital heart disease and hypoplasia of the right lung. There were multiple dysgeneses in the central nervous system, especially the cerebellum: floccular heterotopia; heterotopias of cortex type, cerebellar nucleic type and Purkinje cell type; external granular layer cells in the white matter; dentate spindle-cell-dysgenesis. Other findings were glio-neurono-mesenchymal dysgenesis on the surface of the brain, residual fetal external granular layer on the surface of the pons, partial hypoplasia of corpus callosum, heterotopic nerve cells in the molecular layer of the periinsular cortex.
PubMed, Jun 1, 1988
A ganglioglioma involving the temporoparietal lobe in a 49-year-old patient displayed several unu... more A ganglioglioma involving the temporoparietal lobe in a 49-year-old patient displayed several unusual histopathologic features. A large central focus of osseous tissue that was found may have resulted from metaplasia of a mesodermal component of the lesion. In addition, occasional ganglioma cells showed neurofibrillary tangles and granulovacuolar changes. The presence of these cytoplasmic structures, usually seen in Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative conditions, within a ganglioglioma emphasizes the diverse settings in which such neuronal changes may occur and may provide clues to their pathogenesis.
Acta neurochirurgica, Mar 1, 1985
SummaryA rare granular cell tumour was found in the third ventricle of a 56-year-old woman. Histo... more SummaryA rare granular cell tumour was found in the third ventricle of a 56-year-old woman. Histological and electron-microscopic features obtained from the biopsy material were identical to those of previously recorded cases. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated vimentin but not S-100 protein in the tumour cells. The possibility should be re-considered that granular cell tumours may have more than one cell of origin.
Journal of Neurology, Jul 1, 1988
The significance of heterotopic nerve cells in human spinal nerve roots was studied. Heterotopia ... more The significance of heterotopic nerve cells in human spinal nerve roots was studied. Heterotopia was a consistent finding in 230 routine necropsy series (neuropathologically normal) and 16 spinal cord malformation cases, the incidence ranging between 2.1% and 10.9%. It was more frequently found in the cervical posterior roots than in the anterior roots or in other segmental levels. The heterotopia was not increased in dysraphic anomalies. Aberrant sensory nerve cells in the posterior roots and aberrant motor cells in the anterior roots were morphologically ascertained. The clinical significance of the sensory function of the heterotopia in the anterior roots is discussed and compared with previous experimental data.
~" Ectopic anterior pituitary cells, identified by histological, electron microscopic, and i... more ~" Ectopic anterior pituitary cells, identified by histological, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical methods, were consistently found in the leptomeninges of the suprasellar peri-infundibular region of fetal brains. The cell groups were not in continuity with the pars tuberalis of the adenohypophysis. Suprasellar periinfundibular ectopic pituitary cells, which showed no neoplastic character, were found in 15 of 20 "normal" adult brains that were similarly examined. This finding sheds new light on the possible origin of intracranial ectopic pituitary adenomas. BUNDANT groups of undifferentiated cells were encountered in the subarachnoid space around the pituitary stalk in fetal brains. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of these cells, with special reference to the possible origin of certain suprasellar tumors. We discovered that these ceils differentiated into ectopic pituitary cells, which were found quite frequently in adult brains. Clinical Material and Methods
Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica, Jun 29, 2022
The pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin 10-20 years before clinical onset, and... more The pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin 10-20 years before clinical onset, and it is therefore desirable to identify effective methods for early diagnosis. The nasal mucosa is a target tissue for measuring AD-related biomarkers because the olfactory nerve is the only cranial nerve that is exposed to the external environment. We describe an autopsy case of rapidly advanced juvenile AD (JAD), focusing on the olfactory system. The formation of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neuropil threads was examined in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and olfactory and respiratory epithelia in the bilateral olfactory clefts. Neurodegenerative changes in the olfactory and respiratory epithelia and the pathological deposition of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau were also examined. As a result, senile plaques, NFTs, and neuropil threads were found in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb. NFTs were also found in the olfactory epithelium. Degenerated olfactory cells and their axons stained positive for phosphorylated tau. Supporting cells in the degenerated olfactory epithelium stained positive for Aβ42. In conclusion, pathological biomarkers of AD were expressed in the degenerated olfactory epithelium of this JAD patient. This observation suggests that nasal samples may be useful for the diagnosis of AD.
Acta Neurochirurgica, 1990
Proliferation of pituitary basophil cells and occasional chromophobe and eosinophil cells into th... more Proliferation of pituitary basophil cells and occasional chromophobe and eosinophil cells into the posterior lobe was found in 61.8 4-6.9% (a = 0.05) in routine necropsy series. The incidence and intensity of proliferation increased in accordance with increasing age. There were no sex differences. The cells were for the most part ACTH-productiwe; only a few were found to produce somatotropic hormone (STH) or prolactin in exceptional cases, when examined immunocytochemically. Proliferation of these cells appears to take place postnatally, probably in young adult ages. Basophil proliferation, stemming from the pars intermedia, was not related to any clinical features. However, in 6 out of 191 examined cases (3.1 4-2.5%), the proliferating cells displayed neoplastic potentiality, demonstrated as a combination of mitoses, multinuclear cells, polymorphism, and hypertrophy of the protoplasma in addition to intense proliferation. This finding, described for the first time, may contribute to a better understanding of the origin of silent corticotrophic cell adenomas.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
Journal of Neurosurgery, 1986
✓ Ganglioglioma in the temporal lobe was encountered in 0.6% of a series of 998 patients undergoi... more ✓ Ganglioglioma in the temporal lobe was encountered in 0.6% of a series of 998 patients undergoing biopsy for intracranial tumors. It was more frequent in young adults and children. Seizures were the main symptom and had been present over a long period of time in some patients. Clinical examination also revealed intracranial pressure, focal signs, and behavioral problems, but these symptoms were not always evident. Electroencephalography was not specific. Calcifications were visible on computerized tomography (CT) in five cases. The cystic and well-circumscribed aspects of these tumors were apparent on CT scans; these features were confirmed at operation and on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), when it was also found that the tumors were partially solid. Therefore, MRI seems to be a useful diagnostic method, particularly when a cystic tumor is revealed on CT, and is also valuable for postoperative monitoring. Surgical treatment for ganglioglioma is recommended, with total extirpati...
Journal of Neurology, 2003
Archiv f�r Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 1981
SummaryA case of essential degeneration of the thalamus is reported. The patient was a 43-year-ol... more SummaryA case of essential degeneration of the thalamus is reported. The patient was a 43-year-old Japanese male, who, a few weeks after mild head trauma, suffered from forgetfulness, psychomotor slowing, and Korsakoff's syndrome. Four to five months later, there were optical hallucinations and delirium and he died 9 months after the onset of symptoms.Neuropathological examination revealed symmetrical thalamic degeneration, whose distribution corresponded to phylogenetically younger subunits of the thalamus. In addition, there was olivovermian degeneration.These findings are identical to those of eleven cases hitherto reported. Five of these were Japanese, including the present one.The syndrome thalamic degeneration may now be classified as a special type of “system degeneration”.ZusammenfassungEs wird über einen Fall von essentieller Systemdegeneration des Thalamus berichtet. Ein 43jähriger Japaner zeigte nach leichtem Kopfstoß eine langsam progrediente Vergeßlichkeit; nach 2 Monaten eindeutiges Korsakoff-Syndrom, 4–5 Monate nach dem Initialsymptom optische Halluzinationen, nächtliche Delirien und starke Abmagerung. Der Tod trat 9 Monate nach dem Kopftrauma ein.Neuropathologisch ergab sich eine symmetrische Thalamusdegeneration, deren Intensität und topographische Verteilung mit der phylogenetisch jüngeren Kerngruppe des Thalamus übereinstimmen. Als Nebenbefund fand sich eine olivovermale Degeneration.Der neuropathologische Hauptbefund ist weitgehend identisch mit den bisher berichteten 11 Fällen; 5 davon betreffen Japaner, einschließlich unseres Falles.Das Syndrom „Thalamusdegeneration“ kann als besondere Form einer „Systematrophie“ klassifiziert werden.
Acta Neuropathologica, 1984
Intrauterine purulent necrotizing encephalitis was found in a stillborn male of the 30th gestatio... more Intrauterine purulent necrotizing encephalitis was found in a stillborn male of the 30th gestational week. The necrotizing process in the brain, prominent in the white matter, suggested an early stage of hydranencephaly.
Acta Neuropathologica, 1984
nal dysraphism and Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch syndrome is described. Significant findings included ... more nal dysraphism and Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch syndrome is described. Significant findings included exencephaly, multiple subcortical neuroepithelial islets with active proliferation, cerebellar aplasia, and abnormal flexion of the neuraxis with spinal dysraphism of the cervicoth0racic region. The various features of exencephaly, anencephaly, and iniencephaly are discussed. The significance of subcortical growth zones is evaluated in the light of experimental observations.
Clinical Neuroembryology, 2006
Page 1. 7.1 Introduction The brain stem is composed of the midbrain (the mesencephalon) and the h... more Page 1. 7.1 Introduction The brain stem is composed of the midbrain (the mesencephalon) and the hindbrain (the rhomben-cephalon), and is, at least during development, seg-mentally organized. The midbrain is composed ...
Eur Arch Psychiat Clin Neuros, 1972
PubMed, Aug 16, 1976
A rare case of dyscranio-pygo-phalangia was studied neuropathologically. The patient was a 19 day... more A rare case of dyscranio-pygo-phalangia was studied neuropathologically. The patient was a 19 days old boy, who showed multiple anomalies: protuberance of forehead, narrow eye fissures, microphthalmos, micrognathia, microauriculae with dysplasia, hexadactylia of extremities, cryptorchism, asymmetric thorax, congenital heart disease and hypoplasia of the right lung. There were multiple dysgeneses in the central nervous system, especially the cerebellum: floccular heterotopia; heterotopias of cortex type, cerebellar nucleic type and Purkinje cell type; external granular layer cells in the white matter; dentate spindle-cell-dysgenesis. Other findings were glio-neurono-mesenchymal dysgenesis on the surface of the brain, residual fetal external granular layer on the surface of the pons, partial hypoplasia of corpus callosum, heterotopic nerve cells in the molecular layer of the periinsular cortex.
PubMed, Jun 1, 1988
A ganglioglioma involving the temporoparietal lobe in a 49-year-old patient displayed several unu... more A ganglioglioma involving the temporoparietal lobe in a 49-year-old patient displayed several unusual histopathologic features. A large central focus of osseous tissue that was found may have resulted from metaplasia of a mesodermal component of the lesion. In addition, occasional ganglioma cells showed neurofibrillary tangles and granulovacuolar changes. The presence of these cytoplasmic structures, usually seen in Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative conditions, within a ganglioglioma emphasizes the diverse settings in which such neuronal changes may occur and may provide clues to their pathogenesis.
Acta neurochirurgica, Mar 1, 1985
SummaryA rare granular cell tumour was found in the third ventricle of a 56-year-old woman. Histo... more SummaryA rare granular cell tumour was found in the third ventricle of a 56-year-old woman. Histological and electron-microscopic features obtained from the biopsy material were identical to those of previously recorded cases. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated vimentin but not S-100 protein in the tumour cells. The possibility should be re-considered that granular cell tumours may have more than one cell of origin.
Journal of Neurology, Jul 1, 1988
The significance of heterotopic nerve cells in human spinal nerve roots was studied. Heterotopia ... more The significance of heterotopic nerve cells in human spinal nerve roots was studied. Heterotopia was a consistent finding in 230 routine necropsy series (neuropathologically normal) and 16 spinal cord malformation cases, the incidence ranging between 2.1% and 10.9%. It was more frequently found in the cervical posterior roots than in the anterior roots or in other segmental levels. The heterotopia was not increased in dysraphic anomalies. Aberrant sensory nerve cells in the posterior roots and aberrant motor cells in the anterior roots were morphologically ascertained. The clinical significance of the sensory function of the heterotopia in the anterior roots is discussed and compared with previous experimental data.
~" Ectopic anterior pituitary cells, identified by histological, electron microscopic, and i... more ~" Ectopic anterior pituitary cells, identified by histological, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical methods, were consistently found in the leptomeninges of the suprasellar peri-infundibular region of fetal brains. The cell groups were not in continuity with the pars tuberalis of the adenohypophysis. Suprasellar periinfundibular ectopic pituitary cells, which showed no neoplastic character, were found in 15 of 20 "normal" adult brains that were similarly examined. This finding sheds new light on the possible origin of intracranial ectopic pituitary adenomas. BUNDANT groups of undifferentiated cells were encountered in the subarachnoid space around the pituitary stalk in fetal brains. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of these cells, with special reference to the possible origin of certain suprasellar tumors. We discovered that these ceils differentiated into ectopic pituitary cells, which were found quite frequently in adult brains. Clinical Material and Methods
Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica, Jun 29, 2022
The pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin 10-20 years before clinical onset, and... more The pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin 10-20 years before clinical onset, and it is therefore desirable to identify effective methods for early diagnosis. The nasal mucosa is a target tissue for measuring AD-related biomarkers because the olfactory nerve is the only cranial nerve that is exposed to the external environment. We describe an autopsy case of rapidly advanced juvenile AD (JAD), focusing on the olfactory system. The formation of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neuropil threads was examined in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and olfactory and respiratory epithelia in the bilateral olfactory clefts. Neurodegenerative changes in the olfactory and respiratory epithelia and the pathological deposition of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau were also examined. As a result, senile plaques, NFTs, and neuropil threads were found in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb. NFTs were also found in the olfactory epithelium. Degenerated olfactory cells and their axons stained positive for phosphorylated tau. Supporting cells in the degenerated olfactory epithelium stained positive for Aβ42. In conclusion, pathological biomarkers of AD were expressed in the degenerated olfactory epithelium of this JAD patient. This observation suggests that nasal samples may be useful for the diagnosis of AD.
Acta Neurochirurgica, 1990
Proliferation of pituitary basophil cells and occasional chromophobe and eosinophil cells into th... more Proliferation of pituitary basophil cells and occasional chromophobe and eosinophil cells into the posterior lobe was found in 61.8 4-6.9% (a = 0.05) in routine necropsy series. The incidence and intensity of proliferation increased in accordance with increasing age. There were no sex differences. The cells were for the most part ACTH-productiwe; only a few were found to produce somatotropic hormone (STH) or prolactin in exceptional cases, when examined immunocytochemically. Proliferation of these cells appears to take place postnatally, probably in young adult ages. Basophil proliferation, stemming from the pars intermedia, was not related to any clinical features. However, in 6 out of 191 examined cases (3.1 4-2.5%), the proliferating cells displayed neoplastic potentiality, demonstrated as a combination of mitoses, multinuclear cells, polymorphism, and hypertrophy of the protoplasma in addition to intense proliferation. This finding, described for the first time, may contribute to a better understanding of the origin of silent corticotrophic cell adenomas.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
Journal of Neurosurgery, 1986
✓ Ganglioglioma in the temporal lobe was encountered in 0.6% of a series of 998 patients undergoi... more ✓ Ganglioglioma in the temporal lobe was encountered in 0.6% of a series of 998 patients undergoing biopsy for intracranial tumors. It was more frequent in young adults and children. Seizures were the main symptom and had been present over a long period of time in some patients. Clinical examination also revealed intracranial pressure, focal signs, and behavioral problems, but these symptoms were not always evident. Electroencephalography was not specific. Calcifications were visible on computerized tomography (CT) in five cases. The cystic and well-circumscribed aspects of these tumors were apparent on CT scans; these features were confirmed at operation and on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), when it was also found that the tumors were partially solid. Therefore, MRI seems to be a useful diagnostic method, particularly when a cystic tumor is revealed on CT, and is also valuable for postoperative monitoring. Surgical treatment for ganglioglioma is recommended, with total extirpati...
Journal of Neurology, 2003
Archiv f�r Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 1981
SummaryA case of essential degeneration of the thalamus is reported. The patient was a 43-year-ol... more SummaryA case of essential degeneration of the thalamus is reported. The patient was a 43-year-old Japanese male, who, a few weeks after mild head trauma, suffered from forgetfulness, psychomotor slowing, and Korsakoff's syndrome. Four to five months later, there were optical hallucinations and delirium and he died 9 months after the onset of symptoms.Neuropathological examination revealed symmetrical thalamic degeneration, whose distribution corresponded to phylogenetically younger subunits of the thalamus. In addition, there was olivovermian degeneration.These findings are identical to those of eleven cases hitherto reported. Five of these were Japanese, including the present one.The syndrome thalamic degeneration may now be classified as a special type of “system degeneration”.ZusammenfassungEs wird über einen Fall von essentieller Systemdegeneration des Thalamus berichtet. Ein 43jähriger Japaner zeigte nach leichtem Kopfstoß eine langsam progrediente Vergeßlichkeit; nach 2 Monaten eindeutiges Korsakoff-Syndrom, 4–5 Monate nach dem Initialsymptom optische Halluzinationen, nächtliche Delirien und starke Abmagerung. Der Tod trat 9 Monate nach dem Kopftrauma ein.Neuropathologisch ergab sich eine symmetrische Thalamusdegeneration, deren Intensität und topographische Verteilung mit der phylogenetisch jüngeren Kerngruppe des Thalamus übereinstimmen. Als Nebenbefund fand sich eine olivovermale Degeneration.Der neuropathologische Hauptbefund ist weitgehend identisch mit den bisher berichteten 11 Fällen; 5 davon betreffen Japaner, einschließlich unseres Falles.Das Syndrom „Thalamusdegeneration“ kann als besondere Form einer „Systematrophie“ klassifiziert werden.
Acta Neuropathologica, 1984
Intrauterine purulent necrotizing encephalitis was found in a stillborn male of the 30th gestatio... more Intrauterine purulent necrotizing encephalitis was found in a stillborn male of the 30th gestational week. The necrotizing process in the brain, prominent in the white matter, suggested an early stage of hydranencephaly.
Acta Neuropathologica, 1984
nal dysraphism and Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch syndrome is described. Significant findings included ... more nal dysraphism and Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch syndrome is described. Significant findings included exencephaly, multiple subcortical neuroepithelial islets with active proliferation, cerebellar aplasia, and abnormal flexion of the neuraxis with spinal dysraphism of the cervicoth0racic region. The various features of exencephaly, anencephaly, and iniencephaly are discussed. The significance of subcortical growth zones is evaluated in the light of experimental observations.
Clinical Neuroembryology, 2006
Page 1. 7.1 Introduction The brain stem is composed of the midbrain (the mesencephalon) and the h... more Page 1. 7.1 Introduction The brain stem is composed of the midbrain (the mesencephalon) and the hindbrain (the rhomben-cephalon), and is, at least during development, seg-mentally organized. The midbrain is composed ...
Eur Arch Psychiat Clin Neuros, 1972