Bernd Gausemeier | Hannover Medical School (original) (raw)
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Editorship by Bernd Gausemeier
PaRDeS: Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany, 2020
The issue offers new insights in the growing field of Jewish family studies. A special section tr... more The issue offers new insights in the growing field of Jewish family studies. A special section traces the intellectual and institutional origins of the field over the past 100 years and points to the intertwined practices of amateur and scholarly researchers. Articles on literary and autobiographical representations of Jewish family and marriage, on family ties in business endeavors and religious education illustrate the breadth and current questions of the field, as they range from the 12th to the 21st centuries, address Yiddish romances and German letters of recommendation, businesses in Habsburg, teachers in Frankfurt, and Maskilim in the Russian Empire. Book reviews point to important new publications in Jewish studies.
Papers by Bernd Gausemeier
NTM, 2019
The emergence of cardiovascular diseases from stress, i.e. psychosocial pressure, was a constitut... more The emergence of cardiovascular diseases from stress, i.e. psychosocial pressure, was a constitutive element in the international medical discourse of the 1960s and 1970s. This article describes an East German variant of the stress discourse, developed by Rudolf Baumann and his associates at the Institute for cortico-visceral pathology and therapy in Berlin-Buch. The group sought to develop a genuinely materialist approach to the problem of psychosocially caused diseases, as well as ways of therapy and prevention suited to a socialist health system. At the same time, it was constantly drawing on Western concepts and practices. By examining this project in international context, congruences and differences between Eastern and Western perceptions of the stressful effects of industrial society are worked out. Furthermore, the article discusses that the concept of stress implied ambitious programs for social prevention and therapy, the realization of which in both political systems was ...
Social History of Medicine, 2014
This edited volume brings together scholars from Europe, North and South America in an effort to ... more This edited volume brings together scholars from Europe, North and South America in an effort to discuss the various aspects pertaining to the history of human heredity. The result is an intellectually provocative and theoretically inspiring book. Essential historiographic context is provided in the introduction. In clear and persuasive prose, the editors engage with the broader epistemological caveats purported by such a difficult topic. One in particular deserves highlighting here: the history of heredity percolates through many topics and disciplines, and 'one should expect', according to the editors, an interpretative ensemble situated within the 'ever-changing web of translations between disciplinary contexts' (p. 6). The book is divided into five parts, comprising sixteen chapters. It begins with Bernd Gausemeier's discussion of late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century debates about the hereditary aetiology of tuberculosis. As Gausemeier rightly points out, the boundary between the hereditary and the non-hereditary was often blurred, and as a result there was no consensus among eugenicists and geneticists as to the question of hereditary susceptibility to tuberculosis. Next, Philip K. Wilson's chapter provides a similar focus on the eugenicists, in the USA in particular, and their preoccupation with human heredity. While Harry H. Laughlin's plans for a clinic of human heredity devoted to genetic consultation, research and teaching did not materialise, the establishment of the Medical Genetics Clinic at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1950s provided the much-needed institutional setting for non-eugenic models of investigation into genetic diseases to emerge. These models redirected the centrality of family pedigrees-the favourite unit of analysis for the eugenicists in the 1910s and 1920s-towards cytogenetic studies of hereditary diseases. The separation of genetics from eugenics, briefly discussed by Wilson, constitutes the point of departure for Edmund Ramsden's discussion of the British medical geneticist Lionel S. Penrose. As Ramsden expressively put it, the 'stigma' attributed by Penrose to eugenics, was no mere rhetorical device but an essential component of an elaborate critical evaluation of genetic determinism and dogmatism. The second part of the book deals with ideas of human diversity, as expressed by medical and population geneticists. As discussed by Veronika Lipphardt, institutions for the study of human variation were established after the Second World War with the aim of identifying patterns of inheritance in groups of allegedly 'isolated populations', both in exotic locations and within their own national space. Serological investigations replaced quaint anthropometric measurements, and new quantitative approaches based on mathematical models were adopted, thus signalling the transition from 'race paradigm' and 'physical anthropology' to the 'population paradigm' and 'population genetics'. In turn, Jenny Bangham highlights the importance of the work carried out by the Galton Serological Laboratory, later named Galton Serum Unit, at University College London during the war. The Unit's investigations of blood group distributions further eroded the use of 'race' in defining populations, opening up new vistas of research about human inheritance. Yet, this was not a straightforward process, as aptly discussed by Pascal Germann in his chapter on genetic research on human diversity in Switzerland during the 1950s, and by Edna Suárz-Diaz and Ana Barahona in their overview of medical genetics and social anthropology in Mexico in the postwar period. The third part of the volume takes the reader into the heart of the laboratory. In two consecutive chapters, Alexander von Schwerin and María Jesús Santesmases discuss animal
Digitale Patientenversorgung
NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society under National Socialism, 2009
Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Sep 1, 2013
Technikgeschichte 82(1), 2015
PaRDeS: Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany, 2020
The issue offers new insights in the growing field of Jewish family studies. A special section tr... more The issue offers new insights in the growing field of Jewish family studies. A special section traces the intellectual and institutional origins of the field over the past 100 years and points to the intertwined practices of amateur and scholarly researchers. Articles on literary and autobiographical representations of Jewish family and marriage, on family ties in business endeavors and religious education illustrate the breadth and current questions of the field, as they range from the 12th to the 21st centuries, address Yiddish romances and German letters of recommendation, businesses in Habsburg, teachers in Frankfurt, and Maskilim in the Russian Empire. Book reviews point to important new publications in Jewish studies.
NTM, 2019
The emergence of cardiovascular diseases from stress, i.e. psychosocial pressure, was a constitut... more The emergence of cardiovascular diseases from stress, i.e. psychosocial pressure, was a constitutive element in the international medical discourse of the 1960s and 1970s. This article describes an East German variant of the stress discourse, developed by Rudolf Baumann and his associates at the Institute for cortico-visceral pathology and therapy in Berlin-Buch. The group sought to develop a genuinely materialist approach to the problem of psychosocially caused diseases, as well as ways of therapy and prevention suited to a socialist health system. At the same time, it was constantly drawing on Western concepts and practices. By examining this project in international context, congruences and differences between Eastern and Western perceptions of the stressful effects of industrial society are worked out. Furthermore, the article discusses that the concept of stress implied ambitious programs for social prevention and therapy, the realization of which in both political systems was ...
Social History of Medicine, 2014
This edited volume brings together scholars from Europe, North and South America in an effort to ... more This edited volume brings together scholars from Europe, North and South America in an effort to discuss the various aspects pertaining to the history of human heredity. The result is an intellectually provocative and theoretically inspiring book. Essential historiographic context is provided in the introduction. In clear and persuasive prose, the editors engage with the broader epistemological caveats purported by such a difficult topic. One in particular deserves highlighting here: the history of heredity percolates through many topics and disciplines, and 'one should expect', according to the editors, an interpretative ensemble situated within the 'ever-changing web of translations between disciplinary contexts' (p. 6). The book is divided into five parts, comprising sixteen chapters. It begins with Bernd Gausemeier's discussion of late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century debates about the hereditary aetiology of tuberculosis. As Gausemeier rightly points out, the boundary between the hereditary and the non-hereditary was often blurred, and as a result there was no consensus among eugenicists and geneticists as to the question of hereditary susceptibility to tuberculosis. Next, Philip K. Wilson's chapter provides a similar focus on the eugenicists, in the USA in particular, and their preoccupation with human heredity. While Harry H. Laughlin's plans for a clinic of human heredity devoted to genetic consultation, research and teaching did not materialise, the establishment of the Medical Genetics Clinic at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1950s provided the much-needed institutional setting for non-eugenic models of investigation into genetic diseases to emerge. These models redirected the centrality of family pedigrees-the favourite unit of analysis for the eugenicists in the 1910s and 1920s-towards cytogenetic studies of hereditary diseases. The separation of genetics from eugenics, briefly discussed by Wilson, constitutes the point of departure for Edmund Ramsden's discussion of the British medical geneticist Lionel S. Penrose. As Ramsden expressively put it, the 'stigma' attributed by Penrose to eugenics, was no mere rhetorical device but an essential component of an elaborate critical evaluation of genetic determinism and dogmatism. The second part of the book deals with ideas of human diversity, as expressed by medical and population geneticists. As discussed by Veronika Lipphardt, institutions for the study of human variation were established after the Second World War with the aim of identifying patterns of inheritance in groups of allegedly 'isolated populations', both in exotic locations and within their own national space. Serological investigations replaced quaint anthropometric measurements, and new quantitative approaches based on mathematical models were adopted, thus signalling the transition from 'race paradigm' and 'physical anthropology' to the 'population paradigm' and 'population genetics'. In turn, Jenny Bangham highlights the importance of the work carried out by the Galton Serological Laboratory, later named Galton Serum Unit, at University College London during the war. The Unit's investigations of blood group distributions further eroded the use of 'race' in defining populations, opening up new vistas of research about human inheritance. Yet, this was not a straightforward process, as aptly discussed by Pascal Germann in his chapter on genetic research on human diversity in Switzerland during the 1950s, and by Edna Suárz-Diaz and Ana Barahona in their overview of medical genetics and social anthropology in Mexico in the postwar period. The third part of the volume takes the reader into the heart of the laboratory. In two consecutive chapters, Alexander von Schwerin and María Jesús Santesmases discuss animal
Digitale Patientenversorgung
NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society under National Socialism, 2009
Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Sep 1, 2013
Technikgeschichte 82(1), 2015