Chaoming Song | University of Miami (original) (raw)

Papers by Chaoming Song

Research paper thumbnail of wang Interface focus(2014)

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of human mobility on social networks

Journal of Communications and Networks, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Fractal and Transfractal Scale-Free Networks

Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of A``Hamiltonian''for Jammed Granular Matter

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 13, 2008

We introduce a``Hamiltonian''-like function, called the volume function, to describe th... more We introduce a``Hamiltonian''-like function, called the volume function, to describe the microstates of jammed matter such as granular materials and emulsions from a geometrical point of view. We present a theory of volume fluctuations and derive the volume function defined in terms of the available free volume of the particles in the jammed systems. At the microscopic level the volume function provides an analytical formula for the calculation of the Voronoi volume associated with a single particle in terms of field variables. We then ...

Research paper thumbnail of New online ecology of adversarial aggregates: ISIS and beyond

Online support for adversarial groups such as Islamic State (ISIS) can turn local into global thr... more Online support for adversarial groups such as Islamic State (ISIS) can turn local into global threats and attract new recruits and funding. Johnson et al. analyzed data collected on ISIS-related websites involving 108,086 individual followers between 1 January 1 and 31 August 2015. They developed a statistical model aimed at identifying behavioral patterns among online supporters of ISIS and used this information to predict the onset of major violent events. Sudden escalation in the number of ISIS-supporting ad hoc web groups (“aggregates”) preceded the onset of violence in a way that would not have been detected by looking at social media references to ISIS alone. The model suggests how the development and evolution of such aggregates can be blocked.

Research paper thumbnail of Localization of social communication

A fundamental problem in the social science and network theory is a gap between local communicati... more A fundamental problem in the social science and network theory is a gap between local communication and global information sharing. Due to the limited availability of empirical data, previous works on large-scale social communication mainly focused on the topological structure, lacking of knowledge on human behavior and individual activity, such as where individual lives, how far one lives from his

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Edwards' statistical mechanics to polydisperse and high-dimensional jammed sphere packings

The Edward's statistical mechanics of jammed sphere packings [Song et al., Nature (London) 45... more The Edward's statistical mechanics of jammed sphere packings [Song et al., Nature (London) 453, 629 (2008)] is generalized to different systems: polydisperse sphere packings in three dimensions, and high-dimensional monodisperse sphere packings. The theory predicts the density of random close packing and random loose packing of polydisperse systems for a given distribution of particle size and describes packings for any

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Online Material for Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility

Research paper thumbnail of Fractal growth of complex networks: repulsion between hubs

The emergence of universal properties such as the scale-free property self-similarity, and modu- ... more The emergence of universal properties such as the scale-free property self-similarity, and modu- larity, as key features of complex networks raises the fundamental question of the governing growth process according to which these structures evolve. The possibility of a unique growth mechanism for biological and social networks, as well as computers in the Internet, is of interest to the spe-

Research paper thumbnail of Origin of Fractality in the Growth of Complex Networks

The emergence of self-similarity and modularity in complex networks raises the fun- damental ques... more The emergence of self-similarity and modularity in complex networks raises the fun- damental question of the growth process according to which these structures evolve. The possibility of a unique growth mechanism for biological networks, WWW and the Internet is of interest to the specialist and the laymen alike, as it promises to uncover the universal origins of collective behavior. Here,

Research paper thumbnail of Information spreading in context

Proceedings of the 20th international conference on World wide web - WWW '11, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jan 15, 2005

A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed stat... more A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed state. It has been a longstanding problem to determine whether this class of systems can be described by concepts arising from equilibrium statistical mechanics, such as an effective temperature and compactivity. The measurement of the effective temperature is realized in the laboratory by slowly shearing a closely packed ensemble of spherical beads confined by an external pressure in a Couette geometry. All of the probe particles considered in this study, independent of their characteristic features, equilibrate at the same temperature, given by the packing density of the system.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-similarity of complex networks

Nature, Jan 27, 2005

Complex networks have been studied extensively owing to their relevance to many real systems such... more Complex networks have been studied extensively owing to their relevance to many real systems such as the world-wide web, the Internet, energy landscapes and biological and social networks. A large number of real networks are referred to as 'scale-free' because they show a power-law distribution of the number of links per node. However, it is widely believed that complex networks are not invariant or self-similar under a length-scale transformation. This conclusion originates from the 'small-world' property of these networks, which implies that the number of nodes increases exponentially with the 'diameter' of the network, rather than the power-law relation expected for a self-similar structure. Here we analyse a variety of real complex networks and find that, on the contrary, they consist of self-repeating patterns on all length scales. This result is achieved by the application of a renormalization procedure that coarse-grains the system into boxes containin...

Research paper thumbnail of A dynamic graph optimization framework for multihop device-to-device communication underlaying cellular networks

IEEE Wireless Communications, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Human mobility, social ties, and link prediction

Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining - KDD '11, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of PCP can enhance dendritic cells to present the HBsAg peptide

To investigate the influence of paraclorophenol (pCP) on dendritic cells loading and presenting H... more To investigate the influence of paraclorophenol (pCP) on dendritic cells loading and presenting HBsAg from peripheral blood monocytes of healthy volunteers identified as hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders. The density gradient centrifugation was performed to isolate mononuclear cells from 10 hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders. The adherent monocytes were incubated with HBsAg adding rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 in the presence of absence of pCP for 7 days. Then the supernatant was collected for ELISA assays. The culture medium system without pCP was used as negative control and without pCP or HBsAG was named blank control. the matured DCs were co-incubated with autologous T lymphocytes for 72h and the supernatant was also collected for ELISA assays. In the presence of pCP, the level of IL-12 in supernate (265.68± 16.21) ng/L was significantly higher than the negative control (168.76±10.01) ng/L (P<0.05) and blank control (87±5.79)ng/L (P<0.05); after co-incubated with autologous T lymphocytes for 3 days, the level of IFN-γ with pCP (773.04±32.73) mg/L was also significantly higher than the negative control (573.59±26.11) mg/L (P<0.05) ans blank control (362.81±24.27)mg/L (P<0.05). pCP can effectively enhance the dendritic cells loading and presenting HBsAg from peripheral blood monocytes of healthy volunteers identified as hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders, which also can dramatically increase te autologous T lymphocytes response.7

Research paper thumbnail of Reversibility and effective temperature in jammed granular matter

ABSTRACT: We review experimental progress toward the understanding of a thermodynamic formulation... more ABSTRACT: We review experimental progress toward the understanding of a thermodynamic formulation of jamming in granular matter. As a prelude of the dynamical measurements, we study a novel compaction procedure at varying confining oscillatory pressures which ensures that the granular system has reached a reversible jammed state, ie, the state of the system does not depend on the path taken despite the path dependency in the particle interactions. We then investigate the existence of an effective temperature ...

Research paper thumbnail of Connections between human dynamics and network science

Research paper thumbnail of Response to Comment on “Quantifying long-term scientific impact”

Wang, Mei, and Hicks claim that they observed large mean prediction errors when using our model. ... more Wang, Mei, and Hicks claim that they observed large mean prediction errors when using our model. We find that their claims are a simple consequence of overfitting, which can be avoided by standard regularization methods. Here, we show that our model provides an effective means to identify papers that may be subject to overfitting, and the model, with or without prior treatment, outperforms the proposed naïve approach.

Research paper thumbnail of Connections between Human Dynamics and Network Science Supplemental Material

Research paper thumbnail of wang Interface focus(2014)

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of human mobility on social networks

Journal of Communications and Networks, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Fractal and Transfractal Scale-Free Networks

Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of A``Hamiltonian''for Jammed Granular Matter

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 13, 2008

We introduce a``Hamiltonian''-like function, called the volume function, to describe th... more We introduce a``Hamiltonian''-like function, called the volume function, to describe the microstates of jammed matter such as granular materials and emulsions from a geometrical point of view. We present a theory of volume fluctuations and derive the volume function defined in terms of the available free volume of the particles in the jammed systems. At the microscopic level the volume function provides an analytical formula for the calculation of the Voronoi volume associated with a single particle in terms of field variables. We then ...

Research paper thumbnail of New online ecology of adversarial aggregates: ISIS and beyond

Online support for adversarial groups such as Islamic State (ISIS) can turn local into global thr... more Online support for adversarial groups such as Islamic State (ISIS) can turn local into global threats and attract new recruits and funding. Johnson et al. analyzed data collected on ISIS-related websites involving 108,086 individual followers between 1 January 1 and 31 August 2015. They developed a statistical model aimed at identifying behavioral patterns among online supporters of ISIS and used this information to predict the onset of major violent events. Sudden escalation in the number of ISIS-supporting ad hoc web groups (“aggregates”) preceded the onset of violence in a way that would not have been detected by looking at social media references to ISIS alone. The model suggests how the development and evolution of such aggregates can be blocked.

Research paper thumbnail of Localization of social communication

A fundamental problem in the social science and network theory is a gap between local communicati... more A fundamental problem in the social science and network theory is a gap between local communication and global information sharing. Due to the limited availability of empirical data, previous works on large-scale social communication mainly focused on the topological structure, lacking of knowledge on human behavior and individual activity, such as where individual lives, how far one lives from his

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Edwards' statistical mechanics to polydisperse and high-dimensional jammed sphere packings

The Edward's statistical mechanics of jammed sphere packings [Song et al., Nature (London) 45... more The Edward's statistical mechanics of jammed sphere packings [Song et al., Nature (London) 453, 629 (2008)] is generalized to different systems: polydisperse sphere packings in three dimensions, and high-dimensional monodisperse sphere packings. The theory predicts the density of random close packing and random loose packing of polydisperse systems for a given distribution of particle size and describes packings for any

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Online Material for Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility

Research paper thumbnail of Fractal growth of complex networks: repulsion between hubs

The emergence of universal properties such as the scale-free property self-similarity, and modu- ... more The emergence of universal properties such as the scale-free property self-similarity, and modu- larity, as key features of complex networks raises the fundamental question of the governing growth process according to which these structures evolve. The possibility of a unique growth mechanism for biological and social networks, as well as computers in the Internet, is of interest to the spe-

Research paper thumbnail of Origin of Fractality in the Growth of Complex Networks

The emergence of self-similarity and modularity in complex networks raises the fun- damental ques... more The emergence of self-similarity and modularity in complex networks raises the fun- damental question of the growth process according to which these structures evolve. The possibility of a unique growth mechanism for biological networks, WWW and the Internet is of interest to the specialist and the laymen alike, as it promises to uncover the universal origins of collective behavior. Here,

Research paper thumbnail of Information spreading in context

Proceedings of the 20th international conference on World wide web - WWW '11, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jan 15, 2005

A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed stat... more A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed state. It has been a longstanding problem to determine whether this class of systems can be described by concepts arising from equilibrium statistical mechanics, such as an effective temperature and compactivity. The measurement of the effective temperature is realized in the laboratory by slowly shearing a closely packed ensemble of spherical beads confined by an external pressure in a Couette geometry. All of the probe particles considered in this study, independent of their characteristic features, equilibrate at the same temperature, given by the packing density of the system.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-similarity of complex networks

Nature, Jan 27, 2005

Complex networks have been studied extensively owing to their relevance to many real systems such... more Complex networks have been studied extensively owing to their relevance to many real systems such as the world-wide web, the Internet, energy landscapes and biological and social networks. A large number of real networks are referred to as 'scale-free' because they show a power-law distribution of the number of links per node. However, it is widely believed that complex networks are not invariant or self-similar under a length-scale transformation. This conclusion originates from the 'small-world' property of these networks, which implies that the number of nodes increases exponentially with the 'diameter' of the network, rather than the power-law relation expected for a self-similar structure. Here we analyse a variety of real complex networks and find that, on the contrary, they consist of self-repeating patterns on all length scales. This result is achieved by the application of a renormalization procedure that coarse-grains the system into boxes containin...

Research paper thumbnail of A dynamic graph optimization framework for multihop device-to-device communication underlaying cellular networks

IEEE Wireless Communications, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Human mobility, social ties, and link prediction

Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining - KDD '11, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of PCP can enhance dendritic cells to present the HBsAg peptide

To investigate the influence of paraclorophenol (pCP) on dendritic cells loading and presenting H... more To investigate the influence of paraclorophenol (pCP) on dendritic cells loading and presenting HBsAg from peripheral blood monocytes of healthy volunteers identified as hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders. The density gradient centrifugation was performed to isolate mononuclear cells from 10 hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders. The adherent monocytes were incubated with HBsAg adding rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 in the presence of absence of pCP for 7 days. Then the supernatant was collected for ELISA assays. The culture medium system without pCP was used as negative control and without pCP or HBsAG was named blank control. the matured DCs were co-incubated with autologous T lymphocytes for 72h and the supernatant was also collected for ELISA assays. In the presence of pCP, the level of IL-12 in supernate (265.68± 16.21) ng/L was significantly higher than the negative control (168.76±10.01) ng/L (P<0.05) and blank control (87±5.79)ng/L (P<0.05); after co-incubated with autologous T lymphocytes for 3 days, the level of IFN-γ with pCP (773.04±32.73) mg/L was also significantly higher than the negative control (573.59±26.11) mg/L (P<0.05) ans blank control (362.81±24.27)mg/L (P<0.05). pCP can effectively enhance the dendritic cells loading and presenting HBsAg from peripheral blood monocytes of healthy volunteers identified as hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders, which also can dramatically increase te autologous T lymphocytes response.7

Research paper thumbnail of Reversibility and effective temperature in jammed granular matter

ABSTRACT: We review experimental progress toward the understanding of a thermodynamic formulation... more ABSTRACT: We review experimental progress toward the understanding of a thermodynamic formulation of jamming in granular matter. As a prelude of the dynamical measurements, we study a novel compaction procedure at varying confining oscillatory pressures which ensures that the granular system has reached a reversible jammed state, ie, the state of the system does not depend on the path taken despite the path dependency in the particle interactions. We then investigate the existence of an effective temperature ...

Research paper thumbnail of Connections between human dynamics and network science

Research paper thumbnail of Response to Comment on “Quantifying long-term scientific impact”

Wang, Mei, and Hicks claim that they observed large mean prediction errors when using our model. ... more Wang, Mei, and Hicks claim that they observed large mean prediction errors when using our model. We find that their claims are a simple consequence of overfitting, which can be avoided by standard regularization methods. Here, we show that our model provides an effective means to identify papers that may be subject to overfitting, and the model, with or without prior treatment, outperforms the proposed naïve approach.

Research paper thumbnail of Connections between Human Dynamics and Network Science Supplemental Material