Dan Buskirk | Michigan State University (original) (raw)

Papers by Dan Buskirk

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science, Nov 3, 2020

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), but percentage of DBW weaned declined 0.38% over that same range (P < 0.01). This led to cows weaning 26.38 kg/ha more with every 100 kg drop in DBW. Expected net returns from 2011–2018 did not differ by DBW tier on a per cow basis but did on a per ha basis with a decrease in $10.27/ha with each increase in DBW tier (P < 0.01). Net present value was maximized in the baseline scenario at 453.51 kg DBW and decreased in value as DBW increased. These results suggest that for a Northern Midwestern cow-calf herd, comparatively lighter cows combined with longer grazing seasons provide a higher economic value on a land basis.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of \u3ci\u3eMedicago sativa ssp. falcata\u3c/i\u3e for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of \u3ci\u3eMedicago sativa ssp. falcata\u3c/i\u3e for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Medicago sativa ssp. falcata for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Pricing and Use of Drought-Stressed and Immature Corn as Silage for Beef Cattle

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of in vitro conditions for bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation

Journal of Animal Science, 2010

The objective of these experiments was to develop an in vitro cell culture system for differentia... more The objective of these experiments was to develop an in vitro cell culture system for differentiation of bovine preadipocytes, which will permit examination of differences in differentiation between intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) bovine preadipocytes. Stromal-vascular cells from bovine i.m. and s.c. adipose depots were isolated and cultured. Clonally derived s.c. preadipocytes were used to determine the ability of insulin, bovine serum lipids, octanoate, acetic acid, dexamethasone (DEX), and troglitazone (TRO) to elicit differentiation of these cells when added to serumfree medium. Addition of 10 and 20 L/mL of a commercially available serum lipids supplement to low-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 280 nM insulin increased glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity (P < 0.01). Inclusion of 1.25 to 10 M TRO to medium containing 280 nM insulin and 20 L/ mL serum lipids supplement also increased GPDH activity (P < 0.001) compared with 0 M TRO. The combination of 280 nM insulin, 1 mM octanoate, and 10 mM acetic acid, with 48 h exposure to 0.25 M DEX caused

Research paper thumbnail of Large round bale feeder design affects hay utilization and beef cow behavior

Journal of animal …, 2010

One hundred sixty beef cows (631 ± 78 kg) were used to evaluate the quantity of hay loss and feed... more One hundred sixty beef cows (631 ± 78 kg) were used to evaluate the quantity of hay loss and feeding behaviors from different round bale feeders. Twenty cows were allotted by weight and body condition score to one of eight pens with four feeder designs: cone, ring, trailer, or cradle. All feeder types provided approximately 37 cm of linear feeder space per animal. Alfalfa and orchardgrass round bales were weighed and sampled before feeding. Hay that fell onto the concrete surrounding the feeder was considered waste and was collected and sampled daily. At the end of a 7-d period, each feeder type was assigned to a different pen for a second 7-d period. On four consecutive days in each period, animal behavior was recorded using a timelapse video system. Data were collected from 5-min observational intervals from the video tapes every 0.5 h each day.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth, Reproductive Performance, Mammary Development, and Milk Production of Beef Heifers as Influenced by Prepubertal Dietary Energy and Administration of Bovine Somatotropin1

Three trials with 156 crossbred heifers were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and ... more Three trials with 156 crossbred heifers were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and bovine somatotropin administration on subsequent heifer productivity. In Trial 1, heifer calves were weaned from their dams (n = 28; 113 ± 13 d of age) and assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of moderate (MDE) or high dietary energy (HDE) and injections of vehicle (VEH) or 250 mg of bovine somatotropin (bST) every 14 d. Heifer calves in Trial 2 (n = 28; 123 ± 20 d of age) and Trial 3 (n = 100; 134 ± 22 d of age) nursed their dams while grazing pasture and received no creep feed (MDE) or ad libitum access to creep feed (HDE) and received VEH or bST as in Trial 1. Treatments were administered for 112 d and heifers within trial were managed alike after that time. There were no dietary treatment × bST treatment interactions for any of the variables analyzed (P > .05). Dietary energy did not affect daily gain in Trial 1; however, heifers receiving HDE in Trials 2 and 3 had greater weight, hip height growth, and fat thickness (P < .01) by the end of the treatment period. Treatment with bST increased gain in Trials 1 and 2 (P < .01) but did not affect growth in Trial 3. There were trends in all trials for HDE to reduce age at puberty (P < .15), but there were no consistent effects of bST on reproductive measures. Mammary gland composition and milk production were unaffected by treatment in Trial 1. In Trial 2, HDE decreased subsequent milk production, calf weaning weight, and mammary dry fat free tissue and DNA (P < .05). Treatment with bST in Trial 3 tended (P = .08) to result in greater milk production and increased calf weaning weights (P < .05). We conclude that bST treatment may enhance growth with no effect on reproduction. Treatment with bST did not overcome deleterious effects of HDE on milk production but may play an important role in mammogenesis.

Research paper thumbnail of Cow efficiency: modeling the biological and economic output of a Michigan beef herd

Translational Animal Science

In recent decades, beef cattle producers have selected cattle for biological traits (i.e., improv... more In recent decades, beef cattle producers have selected cattle for biological traits (i.e., improved growth) to maximize revenue, leading to an increase in average cow body size. However, matching cow size to the production environment would allow producers to maximize productivity and economic returns per unit of land. This may help meet the goals of sustainable intensification, but environmental complexity and varying cow-calf production systems dictates a regional approach. The objective of this experiment was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data were collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018 on cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biol...

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), ...

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Traceability Model for Beef Product Origin within a Local Institutional Value Chain

Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2013

The lack of suitable systems to track farm and meat attributes through supply chains is a recogni... more The lack of suitable systems to track farm and meat attributes through supply chains is a recognized market barrier, particularly for midsized farms. Even though midsized farms tend to have a comparative advantage in producing differentiated products, there is a disconnect between how these products are produced and the consumer's ability to distinguish them from commodity products. In many midscale marketing scenarios, the missing link is a functional information value chain to supply product information to consumers who value those attributes. Automatic identification and data-capture technologies offer the feasibility for animal and product data collection and tracking. Radio frequency identification (RFID) and twodimensional (2D) barcodes provide the essential unique identification, which is the requisite for development of a dynamic traceability system. A study was conducted using RFID of beef animals

Research paper thumbnail of A Traceability Model for Beef Product Origin within a Local Institutional Value Chain

Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Extension Facilitated Scenario Planning to Direct a Preferred Agriculture Future

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2012

One role of Extension is to challenge clientele about what the future of a given industry may loo... more One role of Extension is to challenge clientele about what the future of a given industry may look like. Developing a scenario is a well-established process to help frame the question, "What might we need to do?" and guide future planning and decision-making. To develop a plan for a preferred future, clientele can be instructed on what futures are and challenged to think through potential factors that can influence the future. From this discussion, a scenarios framework outlining plausible, probable and preferred futures can be developed. This article incorporates the methods and outcomes of a scenario workshop.

Research paper thumbnail of Behaviour of beef calves weaned by traditional, fenceline and two-step methods

Research paper thumbnail of Bovine intramuscular, subcutaneous, and perirenal stromal-vascular cells express similar glucocorticoid receptor isoforms, but exhibit different adipogenic capacity

Journal of animal science, Jan 1, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiation of bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous stromal-vascular cells exposed to dexamethasone and troglitazone

Journal of Animal Science, Jan 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of in vitro conditions for bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation

Journal of Animal Science, Jan 1, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of BROWN MIDRIB-3 IMPROVES FIBER DIGESTIBILITY OF CORN SILAGE DIETS FED TO GROWING BEEF STEERS

Acta Paediatrica, Jan 1, 1971

Research paper thumbnail of MSU Integrated Resource Management Standardized Performance Analysis (MSU-IRM-SPA) for Cow-Calf Operations: 1999 Summary

Explanation of Statistical Analyses Used in this Report.. …

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science, Nov 3, 2020

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), but percentage of DBW weaned declined 0.38% over that same range (P < 0.01). This led to cows weaning 26.38 kg/ha more with every 100 kg drop in DBW. Expected net returns from 2011–2018 did not differ by DBW tier on a per cow basis but did on a per ha basis with a decrease in $10.27/ha with each increase in DBW tier (P < 0.01). Net present value was maximized in the baseline scenario at 453.51 kg DBW and decreased in value as DBW increased. These results suggest that for a Northern Midwestern cow-calf herd, comparatively lighter cows combined with longer grazing seasons provide a higher economic value on a land basis.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of \u3ci\u3eMedicago sativa ssp. falcata\u3c/i\u3e for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of \u3ci\u3eMedicago sativa ssp. falcata\u3c/i\u3e for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Medicago sativa ssp. falcata for Hay Systems in Michigan, USA

Research paper thumbnail of Pricing and Use of Drought-Stressed and Immature Corn as Silage for Beef Cattle

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of in vitro conditions for bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation

Journal of Animal Science, 2010

The objective of these experiments was to develop an in vitro cell culture system for differentia... more The objective of these experiments was to develop an in vitro cell culture system for differentiation of bovine preadipocytes, which will permit examination of differences in differentiation between intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) bovine preadipocytes. Stromal-vascular cells from bovine i.m. and s.c. adipose depots were isolated and cultured. Clonally derived s.c. preadipocytes were used to determine the ability of insulin, bovine serum lipids, octanoate, acetic acid, dexamethasone (DEX), and troglitazone (TRO) to elicit differentiation of these cells when added to serumfree medium. Addition of 10 and 20 L/mL of a commercially available serum lipids supplement to low-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 280 nM insulin increased glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity (P < 0.01). Inclusion of 1.25 to 10 M TRO to medium containing 280 nM insulin and 20 L/ mL serum lipids supplement also increased GPDH activity (P < 0.001) compared with 0 M TRO. The combination of 280 nM insulin, 1 mM octanoate, and 10 mM acetic acid, with 48 h exposure to 0.25 M DEX caused

Research paper thumbnail of Large round bale feeder design affects hay utilization and beef cow behavior

Journal of animal …, 2010

One hundred sixty beef cows (631 ± 78 kg) were used to evaluate the quantity of hay loss and feed... more One hundred sixty beef cows (631 ± 78 kg) were used to evaluate the quantity of hay loss and feeding behaviors from different round bale feeders. Twenty cows were allotted by weight and body condition score to one of eight pens with four feeder designs: cone, ring, trailer, or cradle. All feeder types provided approximately 37 cm of linear feeder space per animal. Alfalfa and orchardgrass round bales were weighed and sampled before feeding. Hay that fell onto the concrete surrounding the feeder was considered waste and was collected and sampled daily. At the end of a 7-d period, each feeder type was assigned to a different pen for a second 7-d period. On four consecutive days in each period, animal behavior was recorded using a timelapse video system. Data were collected from 5-min observational intervals from the video tapes every 0.5 h each day.

Research paper thumbnail of Growth, Reproductive Performance, Mammary Development, and Milk Production of Beef Heifers as Influenced by Prepubertal Dietary Energy and Administration of Bovine Somatotropin1

Three trials with 156 crossbred heifers were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and ... more Three trials with 156 crossbred heifers were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and bovine somatotropin administration on subsequent heifer productivity. In Trial 1, heifer calves were weaned from their dams (n = 28; 113 ± 13 d of age) and assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of moderate (MDE) or high dietary energy (HDE) and injections of vehicle (VEH) or 250 mg of bovine somatotropin (bST) every 14 d. Heifer calves in Trial 2 (n = 28; 123 ± 20 d of age) and Trial 3 (n = 100; 134 ± 22 d of age) nursed their dams while grazing pasture and received no creep feed (MDE) or ad libitum access to creep feed (HDE) and received VEH or bST as in Trial 1. Treatments were administered for 112 d and heifers within trial were managed alike after that time. There were no dietary treatment × bST treatment interactions for any of the variables analyzed (P > .05). Dietary energy did not affect daily gain in Trial 1; however, heifers receiving HDE in Trials 2 and 3 had greater weight, hip height growth, and fat thickness (P < .01) by the end of the treatment period. Treatment with bST increased gain in Trials 1 and 2 (P < .01) but did not affect growth in Trial 3. There were trends in all trials for HDE to reduce age at puberty (P < .15), but there were no consistent effects of bST on reproductive measures. Mammary gland composition and milk production were unaffected by treatment in Trial 1. In Trial 2, HDE decreased subsequent milk production, calf weaning weight, and mammary dry fat free tissue and DNA (P < .05). Treatment with bST in Trial 3 tended (P = .08) to result in greater milk production and increased calf weaning weights (P < .05). We conclude that bST treatment may enhance growth with no effect on reproduction. Treatment with bST did not overcome deleterious effects of HDE on milk production but may play an important role in mammogenesis.

Research paper thumbnail of Cow efficiency: modeling the biological and economic output of a Michigan beef herd

Translational Animal Science

In recent decades, beef cattle producers have selected cattle for biological traits (i.e., improv... more In recent decades, beef cattle producers have selected cattle for biological traits (i.e., improved growth) to maximize revenue, leading to an increase in average cow body size. However, matching cow size to the production environment would allow producers to maximize productivity and economic returns per unit of land. This may help meet the goals of sustainable intensification, but environmental complexity and varying cow-calf production systems dictates a regional approach. The objective of this experiment was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data were collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018 on cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biol...

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), ...

Research paper thumbnail of PSIV-3 Cow Efficiency: Modeling the Biological and Economic Output of a Michigan Beef Herd

Journal of Animal Science

The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a North... more The experiment objective was to examine the biological efficiency and economic returns of a Northern Michigan cow-calf system. We hypothesized that biological efficiency and economic returns would decrease with increasing cow body size. Data was collected from a Red Angus cow herd located at the Lake City AgBio Research Center in Lake City, MI from 2011 to 2018. Data included cow age, weight, and body condition score at weaning, and subsequent 205 d adjusted calf weaning weight (WW), sex, and yearling weight. Biological efficiency was defined as WW as a percentage of cow body weight (DBW). Enterprise budgeting techniques were used to calculate expected net returns from 2011 to 2018 after classifying cows into 11 BW tiers at 22.67 kg intervals beginning at 430.83 kg. Forward looking net present value was calculated using the same tier system, for a 10-year production cycle with the baseline being a 200 d grazing season. For each 1% increase in DBW, WW increased 0.37kg (P < 0.01), ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Traceability Model for Beef Product Origin within a Local Institutional Value Chain

Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2013

The lack of suitable systems to track farm and meat attributes through supply chains is a recogni... more The lack of suitable systems to track farm and meat attributes through supply chains is a recognized market barrier, particularly for midsized farms. Even though midsized farms tend to have a comparative advantage in producing differentiated products, there is a disconnect between how these products are produced and the consumer's ability to distinguish them from commodity products. In many midscale marketing scenarios, the missing link is a functional information value chain to supply product information to consumers who value those attributes. Automatic identification and data-capture technologies offer the feasibility for animal and product data collection and tracking. Radio frequency identification (RFID) and twodimensional (2D) barcodes provide the essential unique identification, which is the requisite for development of a dynamic traceability system. A study was conducted using RFID of beef animals

Research paper thumbnail of A Traceability Model for Beef Product Origin within a Local Institutional Value Chain

Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Extension Facilitated Scenario Planning to Direct a Preferred Agriculture Future

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2012

One role of Extension is to challenge clientele about what the future of a given industry may loo... more One role of Extension is to challenge clientele about what the future of a given industry may look like. Developing a scenario is a well-established process to help frame the question, "What might we need to do?" and guide future planning and decision-making. To develop a plan for a preferred future, clientele can be instructed on what futures are and challenged to think through potential factors that can influence the future. From this discussion, a scenarios framework outlining plausible, probable and preferred futures can be developed. This article incorporates the methods and outcomes of a scenario workshop.

Research paper thumbnail of Behaviour of beef calves weaned by traditional, fenceline and two-step methods

Research paper thumbnail of Bovine intramuscular, subcutaneous, and perirenal stromal-vascular cells express similar glucocorticoid receptor isoforms, but exhibit different adipogenic capacity

Journal of animal science, Jan 1, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiation of bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous stromal-vascular cells exposed to dexamethasone and troglitazone

Journal of Animal Science, Jan 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of in vitro conditions for bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation

Journal of Animal Science, Jan 1, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of BROWN MIDRIB-3 IMPROVES FIBER DIGESTIBILITY OF CORN SILAGE DIETS FED TO GROWING BEEF STEERS

Acta Paediatrica, Jan 1, 1971

Research paper thumbnail of MSU Integrated Resource Management Standardized Performance Analysis (MSU-IRM-SPA) for Cow-Calf Operations: 1999 Summary

Explanation of Statistical Analyses Used in this Report.. …