Dr. Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja | Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA (original) (raw)

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Papers by Dr. Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja

Waste Biorefinery, 2021

Abstract Implementation, development, and processing of food waste biorefinery from the spent cof... more Abstract Implementation, development, and processing of food waste biorefinery from the spent coffee grounds (SCGs) potentially depend on characteristics and availability of those residues, further the economic interest on the products to be obtained. In the European Union (EU), the quantity of SCGs available only from coffee manufactories corresponds to more than 330,000 tons/year. Their disposal represents a severe environmental problems, as they consists of high concentrations of several hazardous organic pollutants mainly including polyphenols, melanoidin, xanthine, tannin, diterpene, carotenoids, due to the decomposition of SCGs with high oxygen consumption. So, SCGs could be valorized within a coffee-based bio-refinery concept to yield various value added products, namely, biofuels and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Consequently, this chapter is mainly focused on the bioconversion of SCGs into value based products and issues, relating to the implementation of a biorefinery approach. Here, the analysis has started with characterizing the SCGs followed by which products may be obtained from it, for a SCG based biorefinery mainly via liquid polyols, carotenoids, bio-sorbents, biofuels, and biopolymers. Subsequently, the potential issues behind it have been discussed.

The coordinating character of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) (A) in the presence of some amino acid moieti... more The coordinating character of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) (A) in the presence of some amino acid moieties (B ) [B = alanine (ala) and phenylalanine (pal)] with N and O sites towards some metal ions namely Ni(II), Cu(II ) and Zn(II) of MAB type mixed ligand complexes have been synth esized and characterized by elemental, spectral (vi brational, electronic, H NMR and ESR) data as well as by magnetic moment v alues and conductivity measurements. The elemental analysis suggests that the stoichiometry of the Metal:5-FU(A):ala/pal(B) mixed ligand comple xes to be 1:1:1. The low molar conductance values reveal the non-electrolytic nature of these complexes. Magneti c moment values in concert with the electronic spectra indic ate that 5-FU coordinates with the metal ion in a b identate manner through the C (4) = O and N (3) atoms also identify that the amino acids behave a s bidentate by nitrogen and carboxylato oxygen. The antimicrobial activity of t he synthesized complexes also is screened aga...

Hevea brasiliensis rubber seeds were collected and were extracted by using n-hexane as the solven... more Hevea brasiliensis rubber seeds were collected and were extracted by using n-hexane as the solvent in the Soxhlet Extractor. The extracted semi drying oil was characterized by various physio-chemical and thermal properties. Fatty acid composition of the lipid was investigated using gas chromatography techniques. Vibrational studies of the oil show that the characteristic strong absorption at 1741 and 1644cm -1 for –C=O and –C=C– groups respectively. Both the 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectral studies indicate that the presences of triacylglycerol groups were saturated as well as unsaturated in nature. Photo pyroelectric technique (PPE) was used for thermal characterization of the extracted oil. The effect of the fuels on engine components and exhaust gas emissions such as total hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and smoke and brake specific fuel consumption were also investigated. Antimicrobial activity was compared with the standard control drug of chloramphenicol at a concentration of 10 μg...

Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Biofuels, 2020

The direct utilization of first-generation (coal, woody materials) fossil fuel resources as well ... more The direct utilization of first-generation (coal, woody materials) fossil fuel resources as well as the rapid fluctuations in crude oil prices will lead to the consciousness of environmental problems, so the scientists as well as many researchers focused on the necessity of the liquid biofuels (bioethanol or biobutanol) from various feedstocks. One approach, in this way, some researchers identified, is the generation of clean renewable biofuels or bio-oils or bioliquids from different types of solid lignocellulosic biomass materials, such as forest wood, agricultural, and municipal solid wastes, because they have high potential as well as are valuable substitutes for achieving the conventional (gasoline) fuel security. Generally, the structural framework of any lignocellulosic biomass material comprises 30%–50% cellulose, 15%–35% hemicellulose, and 10%–20% lignin. Initially, the solid biomass materials are crumpled down into small ingredients and followed by hydrolysis to produce si...

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Progress in Organic Coatings

Journal of Saudi Chemical Society

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Bioresource technology, Jan 18, 2018

In recent years, lignin valorization is commercially an important and advanced sustainable proces... more In recent years, lignin valorization is commercially an important and advanced sustainable process for lignocellulosic biomass-based industries, primarily through the depolymerization path. The conversion of the lignin moieties into biofuels and other high value-added products are still challenging to the researchers due to the heterogeneity and complex structure of lignin-containing biomass. Besides, the involvement of different microorganisms that carries varying metabolic and enzymatic complex systems towards degradation and conversion of the lignin moieties also discussed. These microorganisms are frequently short of the traits which are obligatory for the industrial application to achieve maximum yields and productivity. This review mainly focuses on the current progress and developments in the pretreatment routes for enhancing lignin degradation and also assesses the liquid and gaseous biofuel production by fermentation, gasification and hybrid technologies along with the bior...

Asian Journal of Chemistry

In this work we explored the synthesis of twelve transition metal mixed ligand complexes (1-12). ... more In this work we explored the synthesis of twelve transition metal mixed ligand complexes (1-12). A new series of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with some amines namely ethylenediamine(en)/1,3-diaminopropane(1,3-dp)/ortho-phenylenediamine (opd) of general formulae [MAB (OAc) (H2O)], where M = Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) & Zn(II), A = 5-FU and B = en/1,3-dp/opd are presented. Micro elemental analysis, IR and UV were used to characterize these complexes. The antioxidative activity was also tested.

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2016

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2016

Journal of Solution Chemistry, 2016

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2015

Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2015

Waste Biorefinery, 2021

Abstract Implementation, development, and processing of food waste biorefinery from the spent cof... more Abstract Implementation, development, and processing of food waste biorefinery from the spent coffee grounds (SCGs) potentially depend on characteristics and availability of those residues, further the economic interest on the products to be obtained. In the European Union (EU), the quantity of SCGs available only from coffee manufactories corresponds to more than 330,000 tons/year. Their disposal represents a severe environmental problems, as they consists of high concentrations of several hazardous organic pollutants mainly including polyphenols, melanoidin, xanthine, tannin, diterpene, carotenoids, due to the decomposition of SCGs with high oxygen consumption. So, SCGs could be valorized within a coffee-based bio-refinery concept to yield various value added products, namely, biofuels and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Consequently, this chapter is mainly focused on the bioconversion of SCGs into value based products and issues, relating to the implementation of a biorefinery approach. Here, the analysis has started with characterizing the SCGs followed by which products may be obtained from it, for a SCG based biorefinery mainly via liquid polyols, carotenoids, bio-sorbents, biofuels, and biopolymers. Subsequently, the potential issues behind it have been discussed.

The coordinating character of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) (A) in the presence of some amino acid moieti... more The coordinating character of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) (A) in the presence of some amino acid moieties (B ) [B = alanine (ala) and phenylalanine (pal)] with N and O sites towards some metal ions namely Ni(II), Cu(II ) and Zn(II) of MAB type mixed ligand complexes have been synth esized and characterized by elemental, spectral (vi brational, electronic, H NMR and ESR) data as well as by magnetic moment v alues and conductivity measurements. The elemental analysis suggests that the stoichiometry of the Metal:5-FU(A):ala/pal(B) mixed ligand comple xes to be 1:1:1. The low molar conductance values reveal the non-electrolytic nature of these complexes. Magneti c moment values in concert with the electronic spectra indic ate that 5-FU coordinates with the metal ion in a b identate manner through the C (4) = O and N (3) atoms also identify that the amino acids behave a s bidentate by nitrogen and carboxylato oxygen. The antimicrobial activity of t he synthesized complexes also is screened aga...

Hevea brasiliensis rubber seeds were collected and were extracted by using n-hexane as the solven... more Hevea brasiliensis rubber seeds were collected and were extracted by using n-hexane as the solvent in the Soxhlet Extractor. The extracted semi drying oil was characterized by various physio-chemical and thermal properties. Fatty acid composition of the lipid was investigated using gas chromatography techniques. Vibrational studies of the oil show that the characteristic strong absorption at 1741 and 1644cm -1 for –C=O and –C=C– groups respectively. Both the 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectral studies indicate that the presences of triacylglycerol groups were saturated as well as unsaturated in nature. Photo pyroelectric technique (PPE) was used for thermal characterization of the extracted oil. The effect of the fuels on engine components and exhaust gas emissions such as total hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and smoke and brake specific fuel consumption were also investigated. Antimicrobial activity was compared with the standard control drug of chloramphenicol at a concentration of 10 μg...

Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Biofuels, 2020

The direct utilization of first-generation (coal, woody materials) fossil fuel resources as well ... more The direct utilization of first-generation (coal, woody materials) fossil fuel resources as well as the rapid fluctuations in crude oil prices will lead to the consciousness of environmental problems, so the scientists as well as many researchers focused on the necessity of the liquid biofuels (bioethanol or biobutanol) from various feedstocks. One approach, in this way, some researchers identified, is the generation of clean renewable biofuels or bio-oils or bioliquids from different types of solid lignocellulosic biomass materials, such as forest wood, agricultural, and municipal solid wastes, because they have high potential as well as are valuable substitutes for achieving the conventional (gasoline) fuel security. Generally, the structural framework of any lignocellulosic biomass material comprises 30%–50% cellulose, 15%–35% hemicellulose, and 10%–20% lignin. Initially, the solid biomass materials are crumpled down into small ingredients and followed by hydrolysis to produce si...

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Progress in Organic Coatings

Journal of Saudi Chemical Society

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Bioresource technology, Jan 18, 2018

In recent years, lignin valorization is commercially an important and advanced sustainable proces... more In recent years, lignin valorization is commercially an important and advanced sustainable process for lignocellulosic biomass-based industries, primarily through the depolymerization path. The conversion of the lignin moieties into biofuels and other high value-added products are still challenging to the researchers due to the heterogeneity and complex structure of lignin-containing biomass. Besides, the involvement of different microorganisms that carries varying metabolic and enzymatic complex systems towards degradation and conversion of the lignin moieties also discussed. These microorganisms are frequently short of the traits which are obligatory for the industrial application to achieve maximum yields and productivity. This review mainly focuses on the current progress and developments in the pretreatment routes for enhancing lignin degradation and also assesses the liquid and gaseous biofuel production by fermentation, gasification and hybrid technologies along with the bior...

Asian Journal of Chemistry

In this work we explored the synthesis of twelve transition metal mixed ligand complexes (1-12). ... more In this work we explored the synthesis of twelve transition metal mixed ligand complexes (1-12). A new series of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with some amines namely ethylenediamine(en)/1,3-diaminopropane(1,3-dp)/ortho-phenylenediamine (opd) of general formulae [MAB (OAc) (H2O)], where M = Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) & Zn(II), A = 5-FU and B = en/1,3-dp/opd are presented. Micro elemental analysis, IR and UV were used to characterize these complexes. The antioxidative activity was also tested.

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2016

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2016

Journal of Solution Chemistry, 2016

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2015

Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2015