Jordan Hughes | Manchester Metropolitan University (original) (raw)

Papers by Jordan Hughes

4 INTRODUCTION 5 A NOTE ON DEFINITIONS 7 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 OVERVIEW 7 WAYS TO THEORIZE SOCIAL M... more 4 INTRODUCTION 5 A NOTE ON DEFINITIONS 7 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 OVERVIEW 7 WAYS TO THEORIZE SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST 7 COLLECTIVE ACTION THEORY AND PEER PRESSURE 9 PROTESTS AS A COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEM 9 PEER PRESSURE AS A SOLUTION TO COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEMS 11 STUDIES OF PROTESTS IN JORDAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST 13 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 16 METHODOLOGY 18 INTERVIEWS 18 SURVEYS 19 RESULTS 21 INTERVIEW RESULTS 21 VIGNETTE SCENARIO QUESTIONS: DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, CASINOS, AND RESISTANCE 21 STUDENT QUESTIONS: STUDENT POLITICAL TENDENCIES AND CULTURAL AFFILIATIONS 21 PEER PRESSURE QUESTIONS: ROLE OF STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS AND GROUP BEHAVIOR 22 SURVEY RESULTS 24 POOLED RESULTS 29

... Email: jordan@ucsd.edu ... Let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born s... more ... Email: jordan@ucsd.edu ... Let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born selfish (Dawkins, 1976, p. 3). This denial that evolution can account for ethics belongs to a tradition of thought that goes back to TH Huxley's lecture Evolution and Ethics (1894). ...

Instead of treating surface waves as a nuisance to only be removed in signal processing, recent e... more Instead of treating surface waves as a nuisance to only be removed in signal processing, recent efforts have shown that we can extract valuable information from them. In a production environment, we can now model and robustly subtract ground roll from the reflected signal and also gain a greater understanding of the near-surface velocities. To this, we present an recent example displaying the benefits of this technology.

The Lancet Global Health, 2020

Abstract Background Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) provide mental health and psychos... more Abstract Background Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) provide mental health and psychosocial services (MHPSS) to over 1 million Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. To provide insights to inform the development of MHPSS services in populations targeted in ethnic cleansing campaigns, we undertook a project that aimed to identify how refugees' understanding of the justice process is linked to their psychosocial wellbeing. Methods We conducted two focus groups and 13 in-depth qualitative interviews with Rohingya refugees residing in camps in Bangladesh. Refugees were recruited from the MHPSS work area of a local NGO—Friends in Village Development, Bangladesh—where a new intensive care programme for people who have experienced sexual and physical violence in Myanmar is being developed. We used baseline intake data to select participants who were known to be from a Myanmar village that suffered violence and who had a potential need for intensive psychological therapy because of direct exposure to violence. A brief interview guide included questions about refugees' understanding of the general concept of justice, of the justice process as applied to their situation, and of the emotional impact caused by justice being realised or denied. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and translated. Two coders analysed transcripts for key themes based on a codebook using grounded theory. Findings Between Nov 1, 2018, and Aug 30, 2019, we interviewed ten male participants and 12 female participants aged between 10 years and 60 years. All had either experienced or witnessed violence when their villages were attacked. Respondents' concepts of justice included: a descriptive account of conflict resolution processes, noted to be culturally variable and often corrupt; and an aspirational account of full restoration of rights within their homeland. Some mentioned retributive punishment, but it was not emphasised. Participants acknowledged distress when thinking about a lack of justice, as well as a possibility of inner peace through achieving justice, but noted that even full restoration of their rights could not completely resolve the effects of the violence. Refugees reported inconsistent access to updates about repatriation, and media outlets, such as international news websites and social media sites, were not routinely accessible. Interpretation MHPSS programmes can potentially enhance refugee wellbeing by providing education, access to news updates, and advocacy surrounding the justice process. A further understanding of how concepts of justice may inform MHPSS programming is important to improve refugee care worldwide. Funding The Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, MO, USA and Washington University in St Louis Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, MO, USA.

Clinical Research in Cardiology, 2020

Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased complication rate after c... more Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased complication rate after cardiac interventions. Although CKD has a high prevalence among atrial fibrillation patients, the impact of CKD on periprocedural complications and the outcome after an interventional left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is unclear. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate whether CKD influences the procedure’s effectiveness and safety. Methods LAARGE is a prospective, non-randomised registry. LAAC was conducted with different standard commercial devices, and the follow-up period was one year. CKD was defined by an eGFR 0.05 vs. eGFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2). Non-fatal strokes were absolutely infrequent during follow-up (0 vs. 1.1%). Severe non-fatal bleedings were observed only among CKD patients (1.4 vs. 0%; p = 0.021). Conclusions Despite an increased cardiovascular risk profile of CKD patients, device implantation was safe, and LAAC was associated with effective stroke preven...

Neutral and ionic ruthenium and iron aliphatic PNPH-type pincer complexes (PNPH= NH(CH2CH2PiPr2)2... more Neutral and ionic ruthenium and iron aliphatic PNPH-type pincer complexes (PNPH= NH(CH2CH2PiPr2)2) bearing benzyl, n-butyl or tert-butyl isocyanide ancillary ligands have been prepared and characterized. Reaction of [RuCl2(PNPH)]2 with one equivalent CN-R per ruthe-nium center affords complexes [Ru(PNPH)Cl2(CNR)] (R= benzyl, 1a, R= n-butyl, 1b, R= t-butyl, 1c), with cationic [Ru(PNPH)(Cl)(CNR)2]Cl 2a-c as side-products. Complexes 2a-c are selectively prepared upon reaction of [RuCl2(PNPH)]2 with 2 equiva-lents of isonitrile per ruthenium center. Dichloride species 1a-c react with excess NaBH4 to afford [Ru(PNPH)(H)(BH4)(CN-R)] 3a-c, analogues to benchmark Takasago catalyst [Ru(PNP)(H)(BH4)(CO)]. Reaction of 1a-c with a single equivalent of NaBH4 under protic conditions results in formation of hydrido chloride derivatives [Ru(PNPH)(H)(Cl)(CN-R)] (4a-c), from which 3a-c can be prepared upon reaction with excess NaBH4. Use of one equivalent of NaHBEt3 with 4a and 4c affords bishydrides...

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 2018

The decision of tender evaluation and allotment is one of the important step of any construction ... more The decision of tender evaluation and allotment is one of the important step of any construction project. There has been a trend away in tender evaluation process from considering quantitative parameters ("lowest price win", "maximum benefit win") to other qualitative parameters (past performance, time of completion). This paper reviewed past and recent literature in order to identify the current tendering process and the various techniques that have been applied previously. The study utilized different MCDM techniques for evaluation of tendering process. Multi-criteria decision making research has become one of the main areas of research for dealing complex and critical decision problems. This paper outlines the use of various systematic decision making tool for the tender selection. Qualitative and quantitative criteria are compared, and the uncertainty associated with the selection of right contractor is highly reduced. By using a case study the tender evaluat...

Computers & Structures, 2018

This work proposes an extension of the well-known random sequential adsorption (RSA) method in th... more This work proposes an extension of the well-known random sequential adsorption (RSA) method in the context of non-overlapping random mono-and polydisperse ellipsoidal inclusions. The algorithm is general and can deal with inclusions of different size, shape and orientation with or without periodic geometrical constraints. Specifically, polydisperse inclusions, which can be in terms of different size, shape, orientation or even material properties, allow for larger volume fractions without the need of additional changes in the main algorithm. Unit-cell computations are performed by using either the fast Fourier transformed-based numerical scheme (FFT) or the finite element method (FEM) to estimate the effective elastic properties of voided particulate microstructures. We observe that an isotropic overall response is very difficult to obtain for random distributions of spheroidal inclusions with high aspect ratio. In particular, a substantial increase (or decrease) of the aspect ratio of the voids leads to a markedly anisotropic response of the porous material, which is intrinsic of the RSA construction. The numerical estimates are probed by analytical Hashin-Shtrikman-Willis (HSW) estimates and bounds.

Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2019

Family Medicine and Community Health, 2019

Principles and practices gleaned from successful business enterprises have been used to transform... more Principles and practices gleaned from successful business enterprises have been used to transform the practice of medicine for decades. McDonaldization is the process in which principles which govern fast-food businesses, are applied to the practice of medicine. When left unchecked, the application of these principles can have devastating consequences, as in the treatment of chronic, non-malignant pain with OxyContin. At a time when there was growing concern about the under treatment of pain, Purdue Pharma introduced OxyContin, providing an efficient, predictable way of treating chronic pain. The liberal prescription of this drug contributed, and continues to contribute, to the opioid epidemic we see today. So, in confronting this epidemic, we must first understand the process of McDonaldization that has brought us here and then provide safe and effective chronic pain therapies even if they are expensive, time-consuming to deliver, difficult to measure, and unpredictable in their ou...

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2017

This study examines the microbiological characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenae serotyp... more This study examines the microbiological characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenae serotype a (Hia) isolates from Nunavik (northern Quebec), Canada. The relationship between invasive Hia isolates from Nunavik, Nunavut, Canada, and Alaska, USA will be discussed. Twenty invasive Hia isolates were recovered from patients in Nunavik from 2010 to 2013 and characterized by biotype, multi-locus sequence typing, IS1016-bexA deletion, antibiotic susceptibility and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). All 20 Hia isolates were biotype II, sequence type -23, did not have IS1016-bexA deletions and were susceptible to all antibiotics tested. PFGE showed only two patterns, with 19 isolates giving identical molecular fingerprints, and the remaining isolate gave a PFGE pattern >95% similar. One major clone of Hia appears to be causing invasive disease in Nunavik, Canada. Based on previous studies, Hia from Nunavut were also typed as ST-23, while invasive Hia isolates from Alaska belong...

PloS one, 2017

To gain insight into the relationship between protein structure and mechanical stability, single ... more To gain insight into the relationship between protein structure and mechanical stability, single molecule force spectroscopy experiments on proteins with diverse structure and topology are needed. Here, we measured the mechanical stability of extender domains of two bacterial adhesins MpAFP and MhLap, in an atomic force microscope. We find that both proteins are remarkably stable to pulling forces between their N- and C- terminal ends. At a pulling speed of 1 μm/s, the MpAFP extender domain fails at an unfolding force Fu = 348 ± 37 pN and MhLap at Fu = 306 ± 51 pN in buffer with 10 mM Ca2+. These forces place both extender domains well above the mechanical stability of many other β-sandwich domains in mechanostable proteins. We propose that the increased stability of MpAFP and MhLap is due to a combination of both hydrogen bonding between parallel terminal strands and intra-molecular coordination of calcium ions.

Crystal Growth & Design, 2016

4 INTRODUCTION 5 A NOTE ON DEFINITIONS 7 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 OVERVIEW 7 WAYS TO THEORIZE SOCIAL M... more 4 INTRODUCTION 5 A NOTE ON DEFINITIONS 7 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 OVERVIEW 7 WAYS TO THEORIZE SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST 7 COLLECTIVE ACTION THEORY AND PEER PRESSURE 9 PROTESTS AS A COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEM 9 PEER PRESSURE AS A SOLUTION TO COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEMS 11 STUDIES OF PROTESTS IN JORDAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST 13 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 16 METHODOLOGY 18 INTERVIEWS 18 SURVEYS 19 RESULTS 21 INTERVIEW RESULTS 21 VIGNETTE SCENARIO QUESTIONS: DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, CASINOS, AND RESISTANCE 21 STUDENT QUESTIONS: STUDENT POLITICAL TENDENCIES AND CULTURAL AFFILIATIONS 21 PEER PRESSURE QUESTIONS: ROLE OF STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS AND GROUP BEHAVIOR 22 SURVEY RESULTS 24 POOLED RESULTS 29

... Email: jordan@ucsd.edu ... Let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born s... more ... Email: jordan@ucsd.edu ... Let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born selfish (Dawkins, 1976, p. 3). This denial that evolution can account for ethics belongs to a tradition of thought that goes back to TH Huxley's lecture Evolution and Ethics (1894). ...

Instead of treating surface waves as a nuisance to only be removed in signal processing, recent e... more Instead of treating surface waves as a nuisance to only be removed in signal processing, recent efforts have shown that we can extract valuable information from them. In a production environment, we can now model and robustly subtract ground roll from the reflected signal and also gain a greater understanding of the near-surface velocities. To this, we present an recent example displaying the benefits of this technology.

The Lancet Global Health, 2020

Abstract Background Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) provide mental health and psychos... more Abstract Background Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) provide mental health and psychosocial services (MHPSS) to over 1 million Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. To provide insights to inform the development of MHPSS services in populations targeted in ethnic cleansing campaigns, we undertook a project that aimed to identify how refugees' understanding of the justice process is linked to their psychosocial wellbeing. Methods We conducted two focus groups and 13 in-depth qualitative interviews with Rohingya refugees residing in camps in Bangladesh. Refugees were recruited from the MHPSS work area of a local NGO—Friends in Village Development, Bangladesh—where a new intensive care programme for people who have experienced sexual and physical violence in Myanmar is being developed. We used baseline intake data to select participants who were known to be from a Myanmar village that suffered violence and who had a potential need for intensive psychological therapy because of direct exposure to violence. A brief interview guide included questions about refugees' understanding of the general concept of justice, of the justice process as applied to their situation, and of the emotional impact caused by justice being realised or denied. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and translated. Two coders analysed transcripts for key themes based on a codebook using grounded theory. Findings Between Nov 1, 2018, and Aug 30, 2019, we interviewed ten male participants and 12 female participants aged between 10 years and 60 years. All had either experienced or witnessed violence when their villages were attacked. Respondents' concepts of justice included: a descriptive account of conflict resolution processes, noted to be culturally variable and often corrupt; and an aspirational account of full restoration of rights within their homeland. Some mentioned retributive punishment, but it was not emphasised. Participants acknowledged distress when thinking about a lack of justice, as well as a possibility of inner peace through achieving justice, but noted that even full restoration of their rights could not completely resolve the effects of the violence. Refugees reported inconsistent access to updates about repatriation, and media outlets, such as international news websites and social media sites, were not routinely accessible. Interpretation MHPSS programmes can potentially enhance refugee wellbeing by providing education, access to news updates, and advocacy surrounding the justice process. A further understanding of how concepts of justice may inform MHPSS programming is important to improve refugee care worldwide. Funding The Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, MO, USA and Washington University in St Louis Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, MO, USA.

Clinical Research in Cardiology, 2020

Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased complication rate after c... more Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased complication rate after cardiac interventions. Although CKD has a high prevalence among atrial fibrillation patients, the impact of CKD on periprocedural complications and the outcome after an interventional left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is unclear. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate whether CKD influences the procedure’s effectiveness and safety. Methods LAARGE is a prospective, non-randomised registry. LAAC was conducted with different standard commercial devices, and the follow-up period was one year. CKD was defined by an eGFR 0.05 vs. eGFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2). Non-fatal strokes were absolutely infrequent during follow-up (0 vs. 1.1%). Severe non-fatal bleedings were observed only among CKD patients (1.4 vs. 0%; p = 0.021). Conclusions Despite an increased cardiovascular risk profile of CKD patients, device implantation was safe, and LAAC was associated with effective stroke preven...

Neutral and ionic ruthenium and iron aliphatic PNPH-type pincer complexes (PNPH= NH(CH2CH2PiPr2)2... more Neutral and ionic ruthenium and iron aliphatic PNPH-type pincer complexes (PNPH= NH(CH2CH2PiPr2)2) bearing benzyl, n-butyl or tert-butyl isocyanide ancillary ligands have been prepared and characterized. Reaction of [RuCl2(PNPH)]2 with one equivalent CN-R per ruthe-nium center affords complexes [Ru(PNPH)Cl2(CNR)] (R= benzyl, 1a, R= n-butyl, 1b, R= t-butyl, 1c), with cationic [Ru(PNPH)(Cl)(CNR)2]Cl 2a-c as side-products. Complexes 2a-c are selectively prepared upon reaction of [RuCl2(PNPH)]2 with 2 equiva-lents of isonitrile per ruthenium center. Dichloride species 1a-c react with excess NaBH4 to afford [Ru(PNPH)(H)(BH4)(CN-R)] 3a-c, analogues to benchmark Takasago catalyst [Ru(PNP)(H)(BH4)(CO)]. Reaction of 1a-c with a single equivalent of NaBH4 under protic conditions results in formation of hydrido chloride derivatives [Ru(PNPH)(H)(Cl)(CN-R)] (4a-c), from which 3a-c can be prepared upon reaction with excess NaBH4. Use of one equivalent of NaHBEt3 with 4a and 4c affords bishydrides...

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 2018

The decision of tender evaluation and allotment is one of the important step of any construction ... more The decision of tender evaluation and allotment is one of the important step of any construction project. There has been a trend away in tender evaluation process from considering quantitative parameters ("lowest price win", "maximum benefit win") to other qualitative parameters (past performance, time of completion). This paper reviewed past and recent literature in order to identify the current tendering process and the various techniques that have been applied previously. The study utilized different MCDM techniques for evaluation of tendering process. Multi-criteria decision making research has become one of the main areas of research for dealing complex and critical decision problems. This paper outlines the use of various systematic decision making tool for the tender selection. Qualitative and quantitative criteria are compared, and the uncertainty associated with the selection of right contractor is highly reduced. By using a case study the tender evaluat...

Computers & Structures, 2018

This work proposes an extension of the well-known random sequential adsorption (RSA) method in th... more This work proposes an extension of the well-known random sequential adsorption (RSA) method in the context of non-overlapping random mono-and polydisperse ellipsoidal inclusions. The algorithm is general and can deal with inclusions of different size, shape and orientation with or without periodic geometrical constraints. Specifically, polydisperse inclusions, which can be in terms of different size, shape, orientation or even material properties, allow for larger volume fractions without the need of additional changes in the main algorithm. Unit-cell computations are performed by using either the fast Fourier transformed-based numerical scheme (FFT) or the finite element method (FEM) to estimate the effective elastic properties of voided particulate microstructures. We observe that an isotropic overall response is very difficult to obtain for random distributions of spheroidal inclusions with high aspect ratio. In particular, a substantial increase (or decrease) of the aspect ratio of the voids leads to a markedly anisotropic response of the porous material, which is intrinsic of the RSA construction. The numerical estimates are probed by analytical Hashin-Shtrikman-Willis (HSW) estimates and bounds.

Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2019

Family Medicine and Community Health, 2019

Principles and practices gleaned from successful business enterprises have been used to transform... more Principles and practices gleaned from successful business enterprises have been used to transform the practice of medicine for decades. McDonaldization is the process in which principles which govern fast-food businesses, are applied to the practice of medicine. When left unchecked, the application of these principles can have devastating consequences, as in the treatment of chronic, non-malignant pain with OxyContin. At a time when there was growing concern about the under treatment of pain, Purdue Pharma introduced OxyContin, providing an efficient, predictable way of treating chronic pain. The liberal prescription of this drug contributed, and continues to contribute, to the opioid epidemic we see today. So, in confronting this epidemic, we must first understand the process of McDonaldization that has brought us here and then provide safe and effective chronic pain therapies even if they are expensive, time-consuming to deliver, difficult to measure, and unpredictable in their ou...

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2017

This study examines the microbiological characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenae serotyp... more This study examines the microbiological characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenae serotype a (Hia) isolates from Nunavik (northern Quebec), Canada. The relationship between invasive Hia isolates from Nunavik, Nunavut, Canada, and Alaska, USA will be discussed. Twenty invasive Hia isolates were recovered from patients in Nunavik from 2010 to 2013 and characterized by biotype, multi-locus sequence typing, IS1016-bexA deletion, antibiotic susceptibility and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). All 20 Hia isolates were biotype II, sequence type -23, did not have IS1016-bexA deletions and were susceptible to all antibiotics tested. PFGE showed only two patterns, with 19 isolates giving identical molecular fingerprints, and the remaining isolate gave a PFGE pattern >95% similar. One major clone of Hia appears to be causing invasive disease in Nunavik, Canada. Based on previous studies, Hia from Nunavut were also typed as ST-23, while invasive Hia isolates from Alaska belong...

PloS one, 2017

To gain insight into the relationship between protein structure and mechanical stability, single ... more To gain insight into the relationship between protein structure and mechanical stability, single molecule force spectroscopy experiments on proteins with diverse structure and topology are needed. Here, we measured the mechanical stability of extender domains of two bacterial adhesins MpAFP and MhLap, in an atomic force microscope. We find that both proteins are remarkably stable to pulling forces between their N- and C- terminal ends. At a pulling speed of 1 μm/s, the MpAFP extender domain fails at an unfolding force Fu = 348 ± 37 pN and MhLap at Fu = 306 ± 51 pN in buffer with 10 mM Ca2+. These forces place both extender domains well above the mechanical stability of many other β-sandwich domains in mechanostable proteins. We propose that the increased stability of MpAFP and MhLap is due to a combination of both hydrogen bonding between parallel terminal strands and intra-molecular coordination of calcium ions.

Crystal Growth & Design, 2016