Hossein Mozdarani | Tarbiat Modares University (original) (raw)
Papers by Hossein Mozdarani
Background: To evaluate the effects of hyperthermia (HT) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrati... more Background: To evaluate the effects of hyperthermia (HT) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by a low dose of neutron or γ-rays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were exposed to HT (41.5°C for 30 and 60min, 43°C for 15 and 30min), 10 cGy neutron or γ-rays, HT + neutron/γ, and neutron/γ + HT. After standard cell culture, harvesting, fixation and staining, the chromosomal damages were scored in metaphase plates. Results: HT alone at 41.5°C did not induce chromatid or chromosome aberrations, however, the frequency of damages was significantly higher at 43°C (P<0.05). Furthermore, the chromosomal damages was significantly different when cells were irradiated with neutron or γ-rays alone (P<0.01). HT 1 hr post neutron/γ irradiation significantly induced higher chromosome damages in comparison to HT 1 hr before irradiation (P<0.05). The chromosomal damages were remarkably higher when cells were irradiated with neutron then heated at 43°C for 30 min. Conclusion: Since increasing frequency of chromosome damages increases probability of cell death, application of HT after neutron irradiation (instead of X-or γ-rays) might be considered as a procedure for cells killing in radiotherapy. Iran. J.
Bioimpacts, 2016
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multigenic endocrine disorder, is highly associated with low-... more Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multigenic endocrine disorder, is highly associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, however its etiology remains unclear. In this study, we employed dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-treated mice to reveal the molecular mechanism of inflammation and its correlation with oxidative stress in PCOS patients. miR-21 and miR-146a expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). DNA strand breakage frequency was measured using the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay (comet assay) and micronucleus test (MN). CRP levels were measured by ELISA method and ESR values were measured by means of Micro-Dispette (Fisher No: 02-675-256) tubes according to the manufacturer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s instructions. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS 21.0 software. Our results showed that miR-21 and miR-146a as inflammation markers were upregulated in the sample group in comparison with control group. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C- reactive protein (CRP) levels were also increased in mouse models of PCOS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000). Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) rates per 1000 polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) significantly increased in DHEA treated mice (6.22 ± 3.28) in comparison with the controls (2.33 ± 2.23, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000). Moreover, mean arbitrary unit in DHEA treated animals (277 ± 92) was significantly higher than that in controls (184 ± 76, p = 0.005). To conclude, increased DNA strand breakage frequency and increased expression levels of miR-21 and miR-146a in DHEA administrated animals suggest that low grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress can act as the main etiologies of PCOS.
International journal of reproductive biomedicine (Yazd, Iran), 2016
Many cancer patients receive radiotherapy which may lead to serious damages to the ovary storage ... more Many cancer patients receive radiotherapy which may lead to serious damages to the ovary storage and the matrix muscle state. Some of these patients may admit to infertility clinics for having pregnancy and on the other hand hormonal administration for superovulation induction is a routine procedure in assisted reproduction technology (ART) clinics. This study aimed to investigate fertility and fetuses of hormone treated super ovulated female mice who had received whole-body gamma irradiation before mating. Female mice were randomly categorized into a control group and 3 experimental groups including: Group I (Irradiation), Group II (Superovulation), and Group III (Superovulation and Irradiation). In hormone treated groups, mice were injected with different doses of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) followed with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Irradiation was done using a Co-60 gamma ray generator with doses of 2 and 4 Gy. Number of fetuses counted and the fetus'...
Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2016
Iranian journal of medical sciences, 2016
Interactions of free radicals from ionizing radiation with DNA can induce DNA damage and lead to ... more Interactions of free radicals from ionizing radiation with DNA can induce DNA damage and lead to mutagenesis and carsinogenesis. With respect to radiation damage to human, it is important to protect humans from side effects induced by ionizing radiation. In the present study, the effects of arbutin were investigated by using the micronucleus test for anti-clastogenic activity, to calculate the ratio of polychromatic erythrocyte to polychromatic erythrocyte plus normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/PCE+NCE) in order to show cell proliferation activity. Arbutin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (ip)administered to NMRI mice two hours before gamma radiation at 2 and 4 gray (Gy). The frequency of micronuclei in 1000 PCEs (MnPCEs) and the ratio of PCE/PCE+NCE were calculated for each sample. Data were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test, and t-test. The findings indicated that gamma radiation at 2 and 4 Gy extremely increased the frequencies of MnPCE (P<...
ABSTRACT Malathion is widely used organophosphorus insecticide. However, the data on the genotoxi... more ABSTRACT Malathion is widely used organophosphorus insecticide. However, the data on the genotoxic effects of malathion on fishes are scarce. The aim of this study was to assessment the genotoxic effects of malathion on blood cells of Cyprinus carpio using comet assay. The specimens were exposed to different non-lethal concentrations of malathion (0.5, 1.5 and 3 mgL-1) for 4 days. Samplings were done in 24, 48 and 96 hour at the rate of three fish per each concentration. Blood samples were obtained from each fish and immediately used for comet assay. According to one way ANOVA, the specimens exposed to different concentrations of malathion exhibited significantly higher DNA damage in their blood cells than the control sample (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, this study confirmed that the comet assay is useful method to determining genotoxicity of environment pollutants. DNA strand breakage can be used as biomarker in ecotoxicological studies.
Acta medica Iranica, 2016
The effects of combined radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the severity of cytogenetic alterat... more The effects of combined radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the severity of cytogenetic alterations expressed as micronucleus (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients treated for esophageal cancer was evaluated. To do this, blood was obtained from 23 and 15 esophageal cancer patients scheduled for chemo-radiotherapy and RT alone, respectively, before, during, and after treatment. Blood samples were cultured in RPMI-1640 complete medium containing 1% phytohemagglutinin and incubated in a CO2 incubator. Cytochalasin-B was added to the cultures at a final concentration of 5μg/ml. Finally, harvesting, slide making, and analysis were performed according to standard procedures. Results indicate that there was no significant difference between the frequencies of MN in lymphocytes of individuals before being treated with RT alone or chemo-radiotherapy. In the middle of treatment, (after 12 fractions of RT) the frequency of MN increased significantly compared with their concurrent ...
Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology, Apr 1, 2012
The ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM), candidate for breast cancer susceptibility gene, en... more The ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM), candidate for breast cancer susceptibility gene, encode a 350-kDa protein belongs to the core components of DNA-damage response machinery. Female AT carriers have at least 5-fold increase risk for breast cancer. Reduction in ATM expression is shown in multiple studies in breast tissues. We aimed to perform a research to measure the ATM mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells in breast cancer patients.
Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers, Jan 6, 2015
MicroRNAs can function as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. The expression o... more MicroRNAs can function as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. The expression of miR-107 is high in various types of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tumor and serum level of miR-107 and its correlation to HIF-1α expression in gastric cancer patients. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression of miR-107 and HIF-1α in 36 pairs of fresh gastric cancer and matched adjacent normal tissue specimens and the serum of these patients compared to age matched controls. The expression level of miR-107 was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissue (p= 0.04). For serum, the expression level of miR-107 was significantly higher in gastric cancer patients than in age matched controls (p= 0.04). The correlation between tumor and serum expression of miR-107 with tumor hypoxia was found to be significant (p≤ 0.001). The overexpression of miR-107 in tumors and serum of gastric cancer patients and its correlation ...
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft ... [et al], 2014
Acute bowel toxicity significantly affects the quality of life of patients treated with pelvic ra... more Acute bowel toxicity significantly affects the quality of life of patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy. This study was performed to assess whether pretreatment with famotidine can reduce acute radiation toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Between April 2012 and February 2013, 36 patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer were enrolled to receive either placebo or famotidine. The patients received external-beam radiotherapy up to 70 Gy at daily fractions of 1.8-2 Gy (5 days/week). Oral famotidine 40 mg (80 mg/day) or placebo was administered twice daily (4 and 3 h prior to each radiotherapy fraction). Bowel and bladder acute toxicities were evaluated weekly during radiotherapy and once thereafter according to RTOG grading criteria. Famotidine was well tolerated. No grade III or higher acute toxicities were noted in the two groups. Grade II rectal toxicity developed significantly more often in patients receiving placebo than in patients r...
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2013
Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for development of lung cancer. Identification of effe... more Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for development of lung cancer. Identification of effects of tobacco on airway gene expression may provide insight into the causes. This research aimed to compare gene expression of large airway epithelium cells in normal smokers (n=13) and non-smokers (n=9) in order to find genes which discriminate the two groups and assess cigarette smoking effects on large airway epithelium cells. Genes discriminating smokers from non-smokers were identified by applying a neural network clustering method, growing self-organizing maps (GSOM), to microarray data according to class discrimination scores. An index was computed based on differentiation between each mean of gene expression in the two groups. This clustering approach provided the possibility of comparing thousands of genes simultaneously. The applied approach compared the mean of 7,129 genes in smokers and non-smokers simultaneously and classified the genes of large airway epithelium cells whic...
Iranian Journal of Radiation Research, 2011
... Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK, Rao SK (2002) Evaluation of the effect of ascorbic acid treatment ... more ... Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK, Rao SK (2002) Evaluation of the effect of ascorbic acid treatment on wound heal-ing in mice exposed to ... Sharma P, Parmar J, Sharma P, Verma P, Goyal PK (2011) Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury and Its Ame-lioration by Tinospora cordifolia (An ...
Basic & Clinical Cancer Research, 2011
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases char... more Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature lymphoblasts arrested at various differentiation stages. Increasing evidence suggests that chromosomal defects are present in these patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity in a group of ALL patients. Methods: To analyze chromosomal radiosensitivity of ALL patients, lymphocytes of 20 patients were cultured followed by ...
Cytogenetic damage expressed as micronuclei (MN) in 4-8 cells embryos generated after irradiation... more Cytogenetic damage expressed as micronuclei (MN) in 4-8 cells embryos generated after irradiation of male or male and female mice in the absence and presence of vitamin C was investigated. Male NMRI mice were whole body exposed to 4 Gy gamma-rays and mated with non irradiated super-ovulated female mice in 6 successive weeks after irradiation in a weekly interval. In experiments involving irradiation of both male and female mice, irradiated male mice for 6 weeks post-irradiation were mated with female mice irradiated after induction of super-ovulation. Effect of 100 mg/kg vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on the frequency of MN was also studied. Pregnant animals were euthanized and embryos flushed from the oviducts and fixed on slides. The rate of MN observed in embryos generated from irradiated male compared to control group dramatically increased (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in this group decreased dramatically after vitamin C treatment (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in embryos generated by mating both male and female irradiated mice was higher than that observed for those embryos generated by irradiated male mice alone. However, a considerable modifying effect of vitamin C was observed for this group too (P<0.05).
Mutagenesis, 2016
The increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus globally has increased the incidence of diab... more The increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus globally has increased the incidence of diabetes-associated complications such as nephropathy. DNA damage induced by oxidative stress might be one of the important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Two hundred Iranian individuals with the conditions of type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy and nephropathy patients with no sign of diabetes and normal unaffected sex- and age-matched controls (50 in each group) were enrolled in the study. The background and the net levels of micronucleus (MN) formation as well as other cellular damages induced after in vitro treatment with 25 µg/ml of bleomycin (BLM) were evaluated using cytokinesis block MNs cytome assay (CBMN cyt) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The background and net BLM-induced levels of MNs were significantly higher in all patient groups compared with the control (P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01, P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001, respectively). The frequency of MNs was significantly higher in those patients with prior incidence of nephropathy than those without. A positive association was observed between basal and net MN frequency among study groups and also between net genetic damages and serum creatinine value and duration of diabetes. The rate of basal and net apoptosis was significantly higher in patients with hyperglycemia. Our results indicate that increased genomic instability expressed as MNs is associated with nephropathy in all pathological stages. Therefore, implementation of MN assay in clinical level may potentially enhance the quality of management of patients with diabetes and its complications such as nephropathy.
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Dec 15, 2005
J Assist Reprod Genet, 2004
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether infertility is affected by sperm c... more Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether infertility is affected by sperm chromatin and cytogenetic abnormalities. To this purpose, the frequency of sperm premature chromosome condensation (PCC) induction and numerical chromosome abnormalities in the sperm of normal and sub-fertile men were analyzed. PCC rate was studied for evaluating the role of sperm chromatin abnormalities in the process of nuclear decondensation. Design : Controlled prospective study. Setting : Infertility Genetics Department, Royan Institute. Patient : Sub-fertile males who were referred for infertility treatment and sperm cytogenetical studies. Methods : Hamster oocytes were retrieved after super ovulation by PMSG and HCG injection. Following treatment with Hyaloronidase, zona was removed by trypsin digestion. Sperms were classified according to the morphology, movement and counts and then processed by swim up method. After capacitation, zona-free oocytes were incubated with sperms, and then transferred to fresh media containing colcemid. Slides were prepared using Tarkowskie's standard air-drying technique. Oocytes were analyzed using × 1000 microscope after staining in 5% of Giemsa. Main outcome measure : The incidence of sperm aneuploidy, PCC and penetration rate in three groups were determined. Results : Regarding the PCC rate, a significantly higher frequency was found in infertile patients. (P < 0.001). The frequency of PCC in oligosperm samples was 36% compared to 19.37% in normal group. A higher frequency of numerical chromosome abnormalities was found in infertile patients. The rate of these abnormalities was 5.6% in normal group and 18.5% in oligospermic samples. Despite the considerable difference between those frequencies, this difference is not significant. (P > 0.05) Conclusions : From the results it can be concluded that, formation of sperm PCC is a major cause of failed fertilization in individuals with sperm abnormalities. PCC may form due to chromatin abnormalities, improper DNA packing, chromosomal abnormalities and penetration delay of sperm. Also this may be involved in the etiology of some cases of idiopathic infertility. About numerical chromosome abnormalities although the differences are not significant, there is an association between sperm numerical chromosome abnormalities and male infertility. These abnormalities can be originated from meiotic process in spermatogenesis.
Archives of Iranian Medicine, 2010
Arsenic trioxide and 1,25-(OH)2D3 (vitamin D3) are used for the treatment of lymphocytic leukemia... more Arsenic trioxide and 1,25-(OH)2D3 (vitamin D3) are used for the treatment of lymphocytic leukemia. However, the effects of combined treatment of these drugs are controversial. In this study, the combined effects of these drugs on the induction of apoptosis in NB4 cells were investigated using the neutral comet assay. NB4 cells were treated with various doses of arsenic trioxide (0.1 - 3 microM) and vitamin D3 (100 - 600 nM (alone or in combination. Twenty-four hours after treatment, neutral comet assay was performed and apoptotic cells were scored under a fluorescent microscope following staining with ethidium bromide. Results show that all doses of arsenic trioxide used in this study induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. The frequency of induced apoptosis was dose dependent and significantly higher than the controls (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05 - 0.01). In contrast, vitamin D3 at concentrations of 100 - 600 nM produced no significant effect on apoptosis induction compared to the controls. Treatment of NB4 cells with a combination of arsenic trioxide and vitamin D3 resulted in reduction of apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide which was not dependent on the dose of vitamin D3 (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Results indicate that arsenic trioxide is a potent inducer of apoptosis in NB4 cells and vitamin D3 significantly decreased the sensitivity of cells to the induction of apoptosis by arsenic trioxide. These findings suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 might be involved in anti-apoptotic processes via reactive oxygen species scavenging or other mechanisms not yet known.
Background: To evaluate the effects of hyperthermia (HT) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrati... more Background: To evaluate the effects of hyperthermia (HT) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by a low dose of neutron or γ-rays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were exposed to HT (41.5°C for 30 and 60min, 43°C for 15 and 30min), 10 cGy neutron or γ-rays, HT + neutron/γ, and neutron/γ + HT. After standard cell culture, harvesting, fixation and staining, the chromosomal damages were scored in metaphase plates. Results: HT alone at 41.5°C did not induce chromatid or chromosome aberrations, however, the frequency of damages was significantly higher at 43°C (P<0.05). Furthermore, the chromosomal damages was significantly different when cells were irradiated with neutron or γ-rays alone (P<0.01). HT 1 hr post neutron/γ irradiation significantly induced higher chromosome damages in comparison to HT 1 hr before irradiation (P<0.05). The chromosomal damages were remarkably higher when cells were irradiated with neutron then heated at 43°C for 30 min. Conclusion: Since increasing frequency of chromosome damages increases probability of cell death, application of HT after neutron irradiation (instead of X-or γ-rays) might be considered as a procedure for cells killing in radiotherapy. Iran. J.
Bioimpacts, 2016
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multigenic endocrine disorder, is highly associated with low-... more Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multigenic endocrine disorder, is highly associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, however its etiology remains unclear. In this study, we employed dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-treated mice to reveal the molecular mechanism of inflammation and its correlation with oxidative stress in PCOS patients. miR-21 and miR-146a expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). DNA strand breakage frequency was measured using the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay (comet assay) and micronucleus test (MN). CRP levels were measured by ELISA method and ESR values were measured by means of Micro-Dispette (Fisher No: 02-675-256) tubes according to the manufacturer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s instructions. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS 21.0 software. Our results showed that miR-21 and miR-146a as inflammation markers were upregulated in the sample group in comparison with control group. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C- reactive protein (CRP) levels were also increased in mouse models of PCOS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000). Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) rates per 1000 polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) significantly increased in DHEA treated mice (6.22 ± 3.28) in comparison with the controls (2.33 ± 2.23, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000). Moreover, mean arbitrary unit in DHEA treated animals (277 ± 92) was significantly higher than that in controls (184 ± 76, p = 0.005). To conclude, increased DNA strand breakage frequency and increased expression levels of miR-21 and miR-146a in DHEA administrated animals suggest that low grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress can act as the main etiologies of PCOS.
International journal of reproductive biomedicine (Yazd, Iran), 2016
Many cancer patients receive radiotherapy which may lead to serious damages to the ovary storage ... more Many cancer patients receive radiotherapy which may lead to serious damages to the ovary storage and the matrix muscle state. Some of these patients may admit to infertility clinics for having pregnancy and on the other hand hormonal administration for superovulation induction is a routine procedure in assisted reproduction technology (ART) clinics. This study aimed to investigate fertility and fetuses of hormone treated super ovulated female mice who had received whole-body gamma irradiation before mating. Female mice were randomly categorized into a control group and 3 experimental groups including: Group I (Irradiation), Group II (Superovulation), and Group III (Superovulation and Irradiation). In hormone treated groups, mice were injected with different doses of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) followed with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Irradiation was done using a Co-60 gamma ray generator with doses of 2 and 4 Gy. Number of fetuses counted and the fetus'...
Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2016
Iranian journal of medical sciences, 2016
Interactions of free radicals from ionizing radiation with DNA can induce DNA damage and lead to ... more Interactions of free radicals from ionizing radiation with DNA can induce DNA damage and lead to mutagenesis and carsinogenesis. With respect to radiation damage to human, it is important to protect humans from side effects induced by ionizing radiation. In the present study, the effects of arbutin were investigated by using the micronucleus test for anti-clastogenic activity, to calculate the ratio of polychromatic erythrocyte to polychromatic erythrocyte plus normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/PCE+NCE) in order to show cell proliferation activity. Arbutin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (ip)administered to NMRI mice two hours before gamma radiation at 2 and 4 gray (Gy). The frequency of micronuclei in 1000 PCEs (MnPCEs) and the ratio of PCE/PCE+NCE were calculated for each sample. Data were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test, and t-test. The findings indicated that gamma radiation at 2 and 4 Gy extremely increased the frequencies of MnPCE (P<...
ABSTRACT Malathion is widely used organophosphorus insecticide. However, the data on the genotoxi... more ABSTRACT Malathion is widely used organophosphorus insecticide. However, the data on the genotoxic effects of malathion on fishes are scarce. The aim of this study was to assessment the genotoxic effects of malathion on blood cells of Cyprinus carpio using comet assay. The specimens were exposed to different non-lethal concentrations of malathion (0.5, 1.5 and 3 mgL-1) for 4 days. Samplings were done in 24, 48 and 96 hour at the rate of three fish per each concentration. Blood samples were obtained from each fish and immediately used for comet assay. According to one way ANOVA, the specimens exposed to different concentrations of malathion exhibited significantly higher DNA damage in their blood cells than the control sample (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, this study confirmed that the comet assay is useful method to determining genotoxicity of environment pollutants. DNA strand breakage can be used as biomarker in ecotoxicological studies.
Acta medica Iranica, 2016
The effects of combined radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the severity of cytogenetic alterat... more The effects of combined radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the severity of cytogenetic alterations expressed as micronucleus (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients treated for esophageal cancer was evaluated. To do this, blood was obtained from 23 and 15 esophageal cancer patients scheduled for chemo-radiotherapy and RT alone, respectively, before, during, and after treatment. Blood samples were cultured in RPMI-1640 complete medium containing 1% phytohemagglutinin and incubated in a CO2 incubator. Cytochalasin-B was added to the cultures at a final concentration of 5μg/ml. Finally, harvesting, slide making, and analysis were performed according to standard procedures. Results indicate that there was no significant difference between the frequencies of MN in lymphocytes of individuals before being treated with RT alone or chemo-radiotherapy. In the middle of treatment, (after 12 fractions of RT) the frequency of MN increased significantly compared with their concurrent ...
Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology, Apr 1, 2012
The ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM), candidate for breast cancer susceptibility gene, en... more The ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM), candidate for breast cancer susceptibility gene, encode a 350-kDa protein belongs to the core components of DNA-damage response machinery. Female AT carriers have at least 5-fold increase risk for breast cancer. Reduction in ATM expression is shown in multiple studies in breast tissues. We aimed to perform a research to measure the ATM mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells in breast cancer patients.
Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers, Jan 6, 2015
MicroRNAs can function as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. The expression o... more MicroRNAs can function as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. The expression of miR-107 is high in various types of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tumor and serum level of miR-107 and its correlation to HIF-1α expression in gastric cancer patients. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression of miR-107 and HIF-1α in 36 pairs of fresh gastric cancer and matched adjacent normal tissue specimens and the serum of these patients compared to age matched controls. The expression level of miR-107 was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissue (p= 0.04). For serum, the expression level of miR-107 was significantly higher in gastric cancer patients than in age matched controls (p= 0.04). The correlation between tumor and serum expression of miR-107 with tumor hypoxia was found to be significant (p≤ 0.001). The overexpression of miR-107 in tumors and serum of gastric cancer patients and its correlation ...
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft ... [et al], 2014
Acute bowel toxicity significantly affects the quality of life of patients treated with pelvic ra... more Acute bowel toxicity significantly affects the quality of life of patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy. This study was performed to assess whether pretreatment with famotidine can reduce acute radiation toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Between April 2012 and February 2013, 36 patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer were enrolled to receive either placebo or famotidine. The patients received external-beam radiotherapy up to 70 Gy at daily fractions of 1.8-2 Gy (5 days/week). Oral famotidine 40 mg (80 mg/day) or placebo was administered twice daily (4 and 3 h prior to each radiotherapy fraction). Bowel and bladder acute toxicities were evaluated weekly during radiotherapy and once thereafter according to RTOG grading criteria. Famotidine was well tolerated. No grade III or higher acute toxicities were noted in the two groups. Grade II rectal toxicity developed significantly more often in patients receiving placebo than in patients r...
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2013
Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for development of lung cancer. Identification of effe... more Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for development of lung cancer. Identification of effects of tobacco on airway gene expression may provide insight into the causes. This research aimed to compare gene expression of large airway epithelium cells in normal smokers (n=13) and non-smokers (n=9) in order to find genes which discriminate the two groups and assess cigarette smoking effects on large airway epithelium cells. Genes discriminating smokers from non-smokers were identified by applying a neural network clustering method, growing self-organizing maps (GSOM), to microarray data according to class discrimination scores. An index was computed based on differentiation between each mean of gene expression in the two groups. This clustering approach provided the possibility of comparing thousands of genes simultaneously. The applied approach compared the mean of 7,129 genes in smokers and non-smokers simultaneously and classified the genes of large airway epithelium cells whic...
Iranian Journal of Radiation Research, 2011
... Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK, Rao SK (2002) Evaluation of the effect of ascorbic acid treatment ... more ... Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK, Rao SK (2002) Evaluation of the effect of ascorbic acid treatment on wound heal-ing in mice exposed to ... Sharma P, Parmar J, Sharma P, Verma P, Goyal PK (2011) Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury and Its Ame-lioration by Tinospora cordifolia (An ...
Basic & Clinical Cancer Research, 2011
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases char... more Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature lymphoblasts arrested at various differentiation stages. Increasing evidence suggests that chromosomal defects are present in these patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity in a group of ALL patients. Methods: To analyze chromosomal radiosensitivity of ALL patients, lymphocytes of 20 patients were cultured followed by ...
Cytogenetic damage expressed as micronuclei (MN) in 4-8 cells embryos generated after irradiation... more Cytogenetic damage expressed as micronuclei (MN) in 4-8 cells embryos generated after irradiation of male or male and female mice in the absence and presence of vitamin C was investigated. Male NMRI mice were whole body exposed to 4 Gy gamma-rays and mated with non irradiated super-ovulated female mice in 6 successive weeks after irradiation in a weekly interval. In experiments involving irradiation of both male and female mice, irradiated male mice for 6 weeks post-irradiation were mated with female mice irradiated after induction of super-ovulation. Effect of 100 mg/kg vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on the frequency of MN was also studied. Pregnant animals were euthanized and embryos flushed from the oviducts and fixed on slides. The rate of MN observed in embryos generated from irradiated male compared to control group dramatically increased (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in this group decreased dramatically after vitamin C treatment (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in embryos generated by mating both male and female irradiated mice was higher than that observed for those embryos generated by irradiated male mice alone. However, a considerable modifying effect of vitamin C was observed for this group too (P<0.05).
Mutagenesis, 2016
The increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus globally has increased the incidence of diab... more The increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus globally has increased the incidence of diabetes-associated complications such as nephropathy. DNA damage induced by oxidative stress might be one of the important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Two hundred Iranian individuals with the conditions of type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy and nephropathy patients with no sign of diabetes and normal unaffected sex- and age-matched controls (50 in each group) were enrolled in the study. The background and the net levels of micronucleus (MN) formation as well as other cellular damages induced after in vitro treatment with 25 µg/ml of bleomycin (BLM) were evaluated using cytokinesis block MNs cytome assay (CBMN cyt) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The background and net BLM-induced levels of MNs were significantly higher in all patient groups compared with the control (P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01, P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001, respectively). The frequency of MNs was significantly higher in those patients with prior incidence of nephropathy than those without. A positive association was observed between basal and net MN frequency among study groups and also between net genetic damages and serum creatinine value and duration of diabetes. The rate of basal and net apoptosis was significantly higher in patients with hyperglycemia. Our results indicate that increased genomic instability expressed as MNs is associated with nephropathy in all pathological stages. Therefore, implementation of MN assay in clinical level may potentially enhance the quality of management of patients with diabetes and its complications such as nephropathy.
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Dec 15, 2005
J Assist Reprod Genet, 2004
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether infertility is affected by sperm c... more Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether infertility is affected by sperm chromatin and cytogenetic abnormalities. To this purpose, the frequency of sperm premature chromosome condensation (PCC) induction and numerical chromosome abnormalities in the sperm of normal and sub-fertile men were analyzed. PCC rate was studied for evaluating the role of sperm chromatin abnormalities in the process of nuclear decondensation. Design : Controlled prospective study. Setting : Infertility Genetics Department, Royan Institute. Patient : Sub-fertile males who were referred for infertility treatment and sperm cytogenetical studies. Methods : Hamster oocytes were retrieved after super ovulation by PMSG and HCG injection. Following treatment with Hyaloronidase, zona was removed by trypsin digestion. Sperms were classified according to the morphology, movement and counts and then processed by swim up method. After capacitation, zona-free oocytes were incubated with sperms, and then transferred to fresh media containing colcemid. Slides were prepared using Tarkowskie's standard air-drying technique. Oocytes were analyzed using × 1000 microscope after staining in 5% of Giemsa. Main outcome measure : The incidence of sperm aneuploidy, PCC and penetration rate in three groups were determined. Results : Regarding the PCC rate, a significantly higher frequency was found in infertile patients. (P < 0.001). The frequency of PCC in oligosperm samples was 36% compared to 19.37% in normal group. A higher frequency of numerical chromosome abnormalities was found in infertile patients. The rate of these abnormalities was 5.6% in normal group and 18.5% in oligospermic samples. Despite the considerable difference between those frequencies, this difference is not significant. (P > 0.05) Conclusions : From the results it can be concluded that, formation of sperm PCC is a major cause of failed fertilization in individuals with sperm abnormalities. PCC may form due to chromatin abnormalities, improper DNA packing, chromosomal abnormalities and penetration delay of sperm. Also this may be involved in the etiology of some cases of idiopathic infertility. About numerical chromosome abnormalities although the differences are not significant, there is an association between sperm numerical chromosome abnormalities and male infertility. These abnormalities can be originated from meiotic process in spermatogenesis.
Archives of Iranian Medicine, 2010
Arsenic trioxide and 1,25-(OH)2D3 (vitamin D3) are used for the treatment of lymphocytic leukemia... more Arsenic trioxide and 1,25-(OH)2D3 (vitamin D3) are used for the treatment of lymphocytic leukemia. However, the effects of combined treatment of these drugs are controversial. In this study, the combined effects of these drugs on the induction of apoptosis in NB4 cells were investigated using the neutral comet assay. NB4 cells were treated with various doses of arsenic trioxide (0.1 - 3 microM) and vitamin D3 (100 - 600 nM (alone or in combination. Twenty-four hours after treatment, neutral comet assay was performed and apoptotic cells were scored under a fluorescent microscope following staining with ethidium bromide. Results show that all doses of arsenic trioxide used in this study induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. The frequency of induced apoptosis was dose dependent and significantly higher than the controls (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05 - 0.01). In contrast, vitamin D3 at concentrations of 100 - 600 nM produced no significant effect on apoptosis induction compared to the controls. Treatment of NB4 cells with a combination of arsenic trioxide and vitamin D3 resulted in reduction of apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide which was not dependent on the dose of vitamin D3 (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Results indicate that arsenic trioxide is a potent inducer of apoptosis in NB4 cells and vitamin D3 significantly decreased the sensitivity of cells to the induction of apoptosis by arsenic trioxide. These findings suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 might be involved in anti-apoptotic processes via reactive oxygen species scavenging or other mechanisms not yet known.